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    Modal Verbs

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    jose mª balbuena sánchez
    The document discusses modal verbs, which are auxiliary verbs that express concepts like ability, permission, obligation and uncertainty. It defines modal verbs and provides rules for their use, examples of different modal verbs and their meanings, such as can, may, must, should and would. It also includes exercises testing understanding of modal verb usage.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Modal Verbs

    Uploaded by

    jose mª balbuena sánchez
    19 views25 pages
    The document discusses modal verbs, which are auxiliary verbs that express concepts like ability, permission, obligation and uncertainty. It defines modal verbs and provides rules for their use, examples of different modal verbs and their meanings, such as can, may, must, should and would. It also includes exercises testing understanding of modal verb usage.

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    Modal verbs

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    The document discusses modal verbs, which are auxiliary verbs that express concepts like ability, permission, obligation and uncertainty. It defines modal verbs and provides rules for their use, examples of different modal verbs and their meanings, such as can, may, must, should and would. It also includes exercises testing understanding of modal verb usage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views25 pages

    Modal Verbs

    Uploaded by

    jose mª balbuena sánchez
    The document discusses modal verbs, which are auxiliary verbs that express concepts like ability, permission, obligation and uncertainty. It defines modal verbs and provides rules for their use, examples of different modal verbs and their meanings, such as can, may, must, should and would. It also includes exercises testing understanding of modal verb usage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 25

    MODAL

    VERBS
    1. What is a modal verb?
    Index 2. Rules
    3. Negative form & questions
    4. Ability
    5. Certainty and uncertainty
    6. Obligation
    7. Opinions and advice
    8. Surprise, surprise!
    What is a modal verb?
    It’s a type of auxiliary verb used to express ability,
    possibility, permission or obligation. The same modal
    verb can be use in different ways with different
    meanings. They are used with other main verbs.
    2.
    Rules
    ★ Two modal verbs cannot be put together
    ○ He can will meet you tomorrow

    ★ They are followed by the infinitive without to


    RULES ○ He must to meet you tomorrow

    ★ Modal verbs do NOT have a third person


    ○ He cans meet you tomorrow

    ★ They do NOT form tenses with -ing, -ed…


    ○ I’m sorry I canned not meet
    you yesterday

    ★ Modal verbs use inversion in questions


    ○ Do can you meet me tomorrow?
    3.
    Negative form &
    questions
    NEGATIVE → NEGATIVE: Made by putting not immediately
    FORM & after the modal (often shortened).
    QUESTIONS ★ You mustn't drive after drinking alcohol.

    → QUESTIONS: Modal in front of the subject.

    ★ Could he play the piano when he was 12?


    QUESTIONS NEGATIVE

    Can I… ? I cannot (can’t)

    NEGATIVE Could I... ? I could not (couldn’t)


    FORM & Will I… ? I will not (won’t)
    QUESTIONS
    Would I… ? I would not (wouldn’t)

    May I… ? I may not

    Might I… ? I might not

    Shall I… ? I shall not

    Should I… ? I should not (shouldn’t)

    Must I… ? I must not (mustn’t)


    4.
    Ability
    → They’re used to talk about ability we use can or
    can’t.
    ABILITY
    “I can swim” “You can’t swim” “Can you swim?”

    → Sometimes be able to can be used instead of can.

    “Will you be able to help me move the furniture


    from one house to another?”

    → Can and can’t are also used for permission.

    “Can I go to the bathroom?”


    5.
    Certainty and
    uncertainty
    CERTAINTY
    AND 100% certainty will
    UNCERTAINTY 95-100% deduction must, can’t

    80% expectation should

    30-70% uncertainty may, might, could

    0% certainty won’t
    6.
    Obligation
    → We use must or have to to explain that something
    is necessary.
    “I must finish my homework”
    “I have to finish my homework”
    OBLIGATION
    → When changed to the negative form, must and
    have to don’t mean the same.
    Mustn’t→ describes an action that is prohibited.
    “You mustn’t cross the road when the red light is
    showing.”
    Don’t have to→ describes an action which is not
    necessary.
    “You don’t have to do the project today, it is due
    next week.”
    There is no real difference between must and have to
    when writing, but you have to take in account that:
    OBLIGATION → We use have to when the situation makes
    something necessary, like official rules:*
    “At our school, we have to wear a uniform.”
    → We use must when the speaker personally feels
    that something is important:
    *You can use have “You must be here by 8.00, or the bus will leave
    got to instead of without you.”
    have to in
    everyday speech.
    7.
    Opinions and
    advice
    → We use should and shouldn’t to give an opinion
    about what is the best thing to do. When we speak to
    other people our opinion becomes advice.
    OPINIONS AND
    ADVICE “I think hooligans should be arrested”(opinion)

    “I think you shouldn’t sacrifice your cat” (advice)

    → Ought to / Ought not = Should / Shouldn’t


    “I think you ought to talk to your teacher about it.”

    → Had better is used for strong opinions. Had is


    usually contracted.
    “You’d better talk to your mom about it.”
    8.
    Surprise, surprise!
    1 ____ you help me?

    ❏ Can
    ❏ Might
    Surprise! ❏ Should
    Homework!

    2 They ____ practice more if they


    want to win the championship.

    ❏ May
    ❏ Should
    ❏ Would
    3 You ____ not drink and drive.

    ❏ Would
    ❏ Must
    Surprise! ❏ May
    Homework!

    4 You ____ take your umbrella,


    perhaps it ____ rain.

    ❏ Would / may
    ❏ Should / must
    ❏ Should / will
    5 I ____ like to go to New York
    someday.

    ❏ Would
    Surprise! ❏ Will
    Homework! ❏ May

    6 They ____ to work less.

    ❏ Ought
    ❏ Should
    ❏ Might
    7 It ____ be dangerous to drive if
    you are tired.

    ❏ Ought
    Surprise! ❏ Can
    Homework! ❏ Shall

    8 ____ you help me move the


    furniture?

    ❏ Might
    ❏ Should
    ❏ Will
    Complete the sentences:
    Surprise! a) Soldiers _____ to obey orders.
    Homework! b) I think you ____ take your umbrella.
    c) Sorry, I ____ to go now.
    d) I’m not sure, but I ____ be able to help you.
    e) Francesca isn’t at home, so she ____ be on
    her way here.
    f) We ____ better not leave any windows open.
    g) It _____ be a star, it’s too bright.
    Rewrite each sentence so that it has a similar meaning
    and contains a modal verb and the word in bold.
    a) It would be a good idea for you to see a dentist.
    Surprise! (ought) You ought to see a dentist
    Homework! ________________________________________________________.
    b) It’s not necessary for us to go to school tomorrow.
    (have)
    c) I’m sure that isn’t John, because he’s in Paris. (be)
    d) Perhaps Ann is at home. (be)
    e) You ought to wear a warm coat today. (had)
    f) It’s possible that I’ll be late. (may)
    g) I wouldn’t go skiing if I were you. (think)
    h) It is forbidden to leave your bike here. (can’t)
    BY:
    Yaye Blázquez
    Rocío Medina
    Jose Mª Balbuena

    Thanks for
    your attention!

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