BỘ ĐỀ SPEAKING- giải
BỘ ĐỀ SPEAKING- giải
BỘ ĐỀ SPEAKING- giải
BỘ ĐỀ SPEAKING
SPEAKING TEST 1
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTION (3’)
Cách trả lời Part 1
- Trả lời thẳng vào câu hỏi. Lập lại một phần của câu hỏi để có khởi đầu tốt.
- Luôn giải thích và cho ví dụ về trải nghiệm cá nhân hoặc phát triển ý tưởng.
Let’s talk about a place to live
- Do you want to live in the countryside?
yes, I want to live in the countryside. This is because the countryside is peaceful and quiet. I can
relax my mind. Besides/also/moreover, it has fresh air and beautiful scenery.
No, I don’t want to live in the countryside because there isn’t much to do. For example, there are no
supermarkets or movie theaters. So young people often feel bored in the countryside.
- Why do you think so many people like to live in the cities?
So many people like to live in the cities because it is fun and easy to find a good job. There are
many job opportunities. Life is modern and interesting. There are good services and facilities. For
example, there are modern shopping malls, excellent/high quality hospitals and prestigious schools and
universities.
-
In your opinion, what is the best city in your country to live in? Why?
DL is the best city in my country to live in because it is very beautiful and peaceful. Besides DL has
fresh air and nice weather and hospitable people. It is also a popular tourist destination.
Let’s talk about animals
- What types of animals do you often see?
I often see dogs and cats. Dogs and cats are popular pets in my country. Besides, I see some wild
animals such as lions on TV and in the zoo. I’m especially fond of the dog as dogs are always loyal to
their owners. They always protect and never betray or leave their owners in any circumstances.
- What can humans do but animals cannot do? Well In my opinion/from my perspective/ from
my viewpoint/ I suppose/ I assume/ I think I guess
Humans can write, speak, cook, use tools and work but animals cannot do these things. Besides
humans can produce things and services.
- In your opinion, what should people do to protect wild animals?
In my opinion, people should stop hunting wild animals, stop cutting down trees. It is also important
to protect/defend animals’ habitats such as forests, oceans, rivers and lakes.
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
Reading should be encouraged in high school, and schools are considering adding more books to the
libraries. Three kinds of books are suggested: reference books, picture books, and textbooks. Which
do you think is the best choice for them? Explain your choice.
MB: như outline
TB: Firstly, I choose reference books because they are good for students. Students can use them to have
more knowledge. Secondly, libraries at schools often lack of this kind of book.
However, I don’t choose picture books because I think high school students don’t like these books.
Similarly, I don’t choose textbooks because students already have this kind of book.
To sum up, I think reference books is the best choice for high school libraries.
SPEAKING TEST 2
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTION (3’)
Let’s talk about a place to live
- Do you want to live in the countryside?
- Why do you think so many people like to live in the cities?
- In your opinion, what is the best city in your country to live in? Why?
Let’s talk about animals
- What types of animals do you often see?
- What can humans do but animals cannot do?
- In your opinion, what should people do to protect wild animals?
I think having a part-time job while still studying at university can have a lot of benefits because of
some reasons.
Firstly, earning extra money is the first reason. This is because students can use this money for living.
For example, …
Secondly, gaining skills is the second reason. This is because when working, students can have some
useful skills, such as communication skills, teamwork skills, and soft skills.
Finally, making friends is the final reason. This is because students can develop their relationship.
To sum up, I believe having a part-time job while still studying at university can have a lot of benefits.
Follow-up questions:
1. What are some disadvantages of having a part-time job while still studying at university?
Students will not have enough time for learning. Besides, students can get stressful.
2. What skills do you think are needed to get a good job these days?
I think communication skill, teamwork skill, and computer skill are needed to get a good job these
days.
3. Do you think job satisfaction is more important than salary when choosing a job?
I think both job satisfaction and salary are important.
SPEAKING TEST 3
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTION (3’)
Let’s talk about job
- What is your job?
At the moment currently right now I’m working as a … I’m in charge of … I supervise …. I
run … I take care of …. My responsibilities include …
I’m working in … I’m in charge of…. I supervise …. I graduated from … so I have a job in/…as
a…
Right now, I’m a junior student/undergraduate student at the university of …, and I major/specialize
in …. I will graduate next year. I hope I can find a good job in…so that / I can apply my
expertise/knowledge in …business…. As I enjoy ….
I am currently a student at VLU. I have just graduated, so I’m looking for a job. I wish to work in
Public Relations as I enjoy meeting people and organizing events.
At the moment, I am a saleperson at a ….company in District …. My job duties include + V-ing. By
the time I’m 40, I dream to have my own business/company.
I am a barista/bartender in a coffee shop in District 1. I love my job. I enjoy meeting people and
making them happy.
Follow-up questions:
1. What are some disadvantages of having a part-time job while still studying at university?
2. What skills do you think are needed to get a good job these days?
3. Do you think job satisfaction is more important than salary when choosing a job?
SPEAKING TEST 4
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTION (3’)
Let’s talk about travelling
- Do you like travelling?
Of course, I do. I love travelling when I have free time, I usually go to DL city or NT city with my
best friend. They are popular tourist destinations. They have fresh air, nice weather and delicious food.
I feel very happy when travelling. I feel as if I can get away from it all.
- When you travel, what kinds of activities do you like to do?
When I travel, I like to take pictures, eat/sample local foods, go sightseeing, and explore local
culture and history.
- What places/countries in the world do you most like to visit? Why?
I like to visit China/ Thailand because my idol is living in this country/. I’m fascinated by the
country’s culture, scenery and cuisine. I want to explore many beautiful places in this country, such as
“Great wall” and “Forbidden city”.
I’d like to visit America because I want to practice English, visit Disneyland, Beverly hill and find
out about American culture.
SPEAKING TEST 5
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTION (3’)
Let’s talk about a place to live
- Do you want to live in the countryside?
- Why do you think so many people like to live in the cities?
- In your opinion, what is the best city in your country to live in? Why?
Let’s talk about animals
- What types of animals do you often see?
- What can humans do but animals cannot do?
- In your opinion, what should people do to protect wild animals?
SPEAKING TEST 6
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about musical instrument:
1. What is your favorite musical instrument? Do you play it?
My favorite musical instruments are piano and guitar. This is because they have melodious tunes.
They are also used as accompaniment by musicians. When I play my favorite musical instrument, I feel
relaxed and happy.
My favorite musical instruments are the Drum and Flute. Drums are upbeat and flute has
melodious tunes. I can’t play them yet, but if I have a chance I will learn how to play them.
2. What are traditional instruments in your country?
Well, I believe the traditional instruments in your country are Đàn tranh and đàn bầu, which are
similar to modern guitar. They produce beautiful and lovely sound.
3. Do you think children should learn to play an instrument at school?
Certainly, I think children should learn to play an instrument at school because they can relax
themselves after studying. Besides, it is important for young people to learn to appreciate music and
develop their musical talents.
I think nowadays people are more confused and stressed when using the internet because of some
reasons.
Firstly, fake news is the first reason. This is because you cannot know what is true and what is false.
Secondly, violent images are the second reason. This is because it affects the emotion of users.
Finally, loss of privacy is the final reason. This is because you can lose a lot of money.
1. Yes, people are easily……. the internet. For example, a person plays violent games on the internet a
lot. He or she can copy the violent actions.
2. Yes, there have been a lot of changes in the ways I get news. In the past, I often got news by reading
newspapers. In the present, I often get news by reading news on the Internet, such as on Facebook.
3.
SPEAKING TEST 7
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about a room in your house:
1. What is your favorite room in your house? Why?
Well, I guess Bedroom is my favorite room in my house. This is because I have my privacy. For
example, I can sleep all day in this room or do whatever I want in my room. I usually decorate my bed-
room with photos of celebrities/idols.
The living room is my favorite room in the house where there are modern audio and karaoke
equipment. My family get together and watch TV in the living room. We talk about things at work and
at school. We occasionally sing and hold parties together in the living-room.
Well, I suppose my favorite room in the house is the kitchen. Because I love cooking, I normally
experiment dishes that I learn from online recipes. After that I treat my friends and ask them to give me
comments.
2. What do you often do in the bed-room?
Well, I can say that my bed-room is not just a bed-room. It is also my study, and most importantly,
it is my private space. For example, I can listen to loud music and watch my favorite movies without
bothering other people.
I usuall do homework and somtimes watch TV in my bedroom. When I feel tired, I often lie in my
bed and listen to my favorite songs.
3. Would you like to change anything in the room? Why/ why not?
No, I don’t want to change anything in the room because things are familiar with me for a long time,
so I want to keep it the same. Whenever I stay in my room, I can recall much about my childhood
memories and school time. But I would like to add more audio and visual equipment to my room.
Yes, I would like to have my room well-papered. I also buy a flat screen television so that I can
watch my favorite movies or sing karaoke.
Let’s talk about writing blogs:
1. Have you ever written online blogs?
No, I have never written online blogs because I’m very busy and I have no idea to write a blog.
2. What topics do you often write about?
I often write about social problems. Sometimes I also write somethings about my life.
3. What are the benefits of writing online blogs?
There are some benefits of writing online blogs. Firstly, you can express your ideas and every one
can read them. Besides, you can improve your writing skill.
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
Your cousin is a freshman in university, and his family wants to find a suitable accommodation for
him. Three options are suggested: living in the university dormitory, renting a flat with friends,
and staying with a relative. Which is the best choice? Explain.
MB: If my counsin is a freshman in university, and his family wants to find a suitbale accommodation
for him, among living in the university dormitory, renting a flat with friends, and staying with a
relative, I think that renting a flat with friends is the best choice bc of some reasons.
TB:
Firstly, I choose renting a flat with friends because it is very fun to live with friends.
The second reason is because it is very comfortable. (giải thích thêm vì sao thoải mái)
However, I don’t choose living in the university dorm because it is very noisy. I can’t focus on my
learning.
Similarly, I don’t choose staying with a relative becuase I will not have private space. For example, I
cannot come home late.
SPEAKING TEST 8
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about TV shows
1. Do you often watch TV shows/programs?
No, actually nowadays I don’t often watch much TV. This is because as students, we have a heavy
workload, so we spend much time studying. We do watch TV shows, but we just watch them on the
computer or smart phones. It is more convenient.
Yes, but I often watch TV shows on my laptop computer. For example, I usually watch talents
programs with my brother/sister in my free time. It is very fun and highly entertaining. My favorite
program is “2 days And 1 night” it includes funny situations and dilemmas.
2. What is your favorite movie genre/styles?
My favorite genre is action films/ horror films/ romantic films/ cartoon/comedy. This is because it is
relaxing and fun. I usually watch comedies with my family in the evening after dinner.
My favorite genre is cartoon which I find very funny and relaxing. I normally watch it during
dinner as I have to spend most of my time on my study. My favorite cartoon characters are …. As they
are…
My favorite genre is science fiction. I love strong feelings and adventure. Besides, they widen my
horizon. I also love the special effects in science fiction movies.
3. Would you prefer to watch that show alone or with someone else? Why?
I prefer to wacth that show with my family/friends.This is because it is very fun to watch it
together. We can discuss some characters and the plot of the show when watching together. I believe
watching TV/movie together will strengthen family bond.
SPEAKING TEST 9
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about holiday:
1. What are some common holidays in your country?
Some common holidays in my country are Tet holiday (new year holiday), The
unification/independence day, Chrismast, and mid-autumn holiday. These are important long holidays
for people to give presents. I like Tet holiday most because reunite with my family.
2. How do you usually spend your holiday? Do you prefer to go with your friends or family?
I usually spend most of my time with family according to our culture and customs. We also hang out
with friends and visits relatives. We visit each other’s home and give presents. People cook special
dishes and decorate their house with flowers.
3. What is your plan for your next holiday?
I love sight-seeing, so next holiday, I will go to VT city with my family. We plan to stay there for a
few days in a resort on the beach.
SPEAKING TEST 11
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about summer
- Is summer your favorite time of the year? Why (not)?
Yes, summer is my favorite time of the year because I have free time and I can travel to somewhere
I want.
No, summer is not my favorite time because it is very hot in this time. I love spring most.
- What do you do in summer when the weather is very hot?
When the weather is very hot in summer, I often go swimming with my best friend. We often go to
Dam Sen water park at the weekend.
- Do you go on holiday every summer? Why (not)?
No, I don’t go on holiday every summer because I am very busy. You know, I am ready to graduate.
Yes, I often go on holiday every summer because at that time I have a time off in school.
Let’s talk about advertisement
- Where can you see advertisements?
I can see advertisements on TV, Youtube, Facebook, and Twitters.
- Do you have any favorite advertisement? Why (not)?
No, I don’t have any favorite advertisement because they are so boring and I don’t like them.
- Have you ever bought something because of advertisements?
Yes, I have bought clothing items when I see an advertisement on Facebook.
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
You have just received a big sum of money from your university scholarship. What will you do with it?
There are three suggestions: buying books for your hobbies, going to travel, or giving money to your
mother for later use. Which do you think is the best option? Explain your choice.
TB:
Firstly, I choose going to travel because it helps me relax after a long period of learning. (phát triển ý).
The second reason is because I can have a lot of knowledge about the places where I go.
However, I don’t choose buying books for my hobbies because I have already bought many books for
me, and there are a lot of books in the library.
Similarly, I don’t choose giving money to my mother for later use because I don’t trust my mother.
SPEAKING TEST 12
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about mobile phone:
1. Do you often use your mobile phone?
Certainly, I usually use my mobile phone.
2. What do you do on your mobile phone?
I use my mobile phone to contact with my family, my friends. Besides, I use it to play games and
read news.
3. What are disadvantages of using mobile phones?
Using mobile phones can reduce human interaction. Moreover, if students use mobile phone to play
games too much, they will get low scores.
Let’s talk about shopping:
1. Do you like shopping? How often do you go shopping?
Of course, I love shopping. I often go shopping at the weekend with my best friend at Giga mall.
2. Do you prefer shopping online or at real stores?
I prefer shopping online because it is convenient.
3. Do you prefer shopping in a large department store or in a small shop?
I prefer shopping in a large department store because there are a lot of items for me to choose.
2. Is music important?
Yes, it is very important because it helps people relax and feel comfortable.
3. Have you ever learned to play a musical instrument?
No, I have never learned to play any musical instrument. If I have a chance, I will learn to play
Piano.
Yes, I have learned to play Ukulele when I was young.
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
Your 10-year-old brother is going to have a 3-month summer vacation. Your parents want to find some
interesting activities for him to do. There are three suggestions: letting him stay with his
grandparents in the countryside, sending him to a summer camp, and enrolling him in an English
course. Which do you think is the best option? Explain your choice.
TB:
Firstly, I choose letting him stay with his grandparents in the countryside because he can experience the
atmosphere of the countryside. The second reason is because his grandparents will be happy when he
lives with them.
However, I don’t choose sending him to a summer camp because he is still very young, so he don’t
know how to take care of himself.
Similarly, I don’t choose enrolling him in an english course because he has studied too much, and it
will make him become more tired.
SPEAKING TEST 14
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about music:
1. How often do you listen to music? When and where?
I often listen to music when I have free time in my bedroom.
2. What kind of music do you often listen to?
I often listen to bolero. My favorite song is “….”.
3. How do you think music is important to our life?
it is very important to our life because it helps people relax and feel comfortable.
Let’s talk about exam:
1. How do you feel before an exam?
I feel anxious before an exam.
I feel very confident before an exam because I often prepare well for it.
2. What kind of person are you: prepare long before the exam or prepare just before the exam?
I usually prepare long before the exam because I want to get high scores.
3. What should we do to have good results in exams?
We should prepare carefully and review all the lessons. Besides, we must go to bed early before the
day of the exam.
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
Your brother is going to graduate from university. There are three options for him to do after
graduation: studying for a Master, looking for a job, and going traveling. Which is the best choice?
Explain.
TB:
Firstly, I choose going travelling because it can help him relax after a long period of learning. The
second reason is because he can have a lot of knowledge when travelling.
However, I don’t choose studying for a Master because it costs a lot of money and time.
Similarly, I don’t choose looking for a job because I think he need to relax for himself.
SPEAKING TEST 15
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about e-mail:
1. How often do you send an e-mail?
2. Who do you often write to?
3. Do you prefer sending an e-mail or writing a letter?
Let’s talk about study:
1. What is your major at university? Is your major popular in your country these days?
2. How do you like your major?
3. Is there anything you dislike about your major?
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
Your family is planning to move to a new area. There are three suggestions: a farmland, a beach
town, and a big city. Which place do you think will be the best place for your family to live? Explain
your choice.
TB:
Firstly, I choose a big city because It is easy to earn money in a big city. There are many jobs to do.
The second reason is because it is convenient to live. For example, …..
However, I don’t choose a farmland because it is very boring to live here.
Similarly, I don’t choose a beach town because the weather is not good.
SPEAKING TEST 16
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about maps:
1. Have you ever used maps?
2. Would you prefer paper maps or electronic maps? Why?
3. Have you ever asked for directions instead of using maps? What happened?
Let’s talk about musical instruments
1. Do you play any musical instruments?/ Would you like to try playing any musical instruments?
2. What is the most popular instrument in your country?
3. Do you think it is necessary to learn how to play a musical instrument? Why (not)?
SPEAKING TEST 17
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about house
1. What kind of housing do you live in?
2. Which room does your family spend most of the time in?
3. Do you plan to live there for a long time?
Let’s talk about plans
1. Do you make plans every day?
2. Are you good at managing your time?
3. What is the latest plan you made?
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
Your class wants to make something for everyone to keep as memories of university days. Three
options are suggested: a class uniform, a photo album, and a class video. Which do you think is the
best option? Explain your choice.
giống
SPEAKING TEST 18
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTION (3’)
Let’s talk about noise.
- Do you like to live in a noisy place or a quiet place?
- What kind of noise do you dislike the most?
- Does noise affect your health?
Let’s talk about your favorite photograph
- What is your favorite photograph?
- When was it taken?
- What makes the photograph special to you?
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
Situation: You are thinking about how to spend your Sunday morning. There are three
options: meeting friends at a coffee shop, go shopping, and sleeping until noon. Which do you think
is the best choice?
TB:
Firstly, I choose meeting friends at a coffee shop because we can spend time together. We can chat and
tell the story with each other. The second reason is because we can relax after a long working week.
However, I don’t choose go shopping because it wastes my money. I usually buy some unnecessary
things when going shopping.
Similarly, I don’t choose sleeping until noon because I want to spend my leisure time for something
valuable.
SPEAKING TEST 19
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about flowers and plants
- Do you have a favorite flower or plant? Why (not)?
- What kind of flower or plant is common in your country?
- Have you ever bought flowers for someone else? Why (not)?
Let’s talk about taking photos
- Do you like taking photos? Why (not)?
- Do you prefer to take photos of people or scenery?
- What do you do with the photos you take?
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
A four-day holiday is coming, and you are thinking of some places to go. There are three
options: going to the beach, visiting your hometown, and staying at home. Which is the best choice?
Explain.
TB:
Firstly, I choose going to the beach because I love swimming and seeing the sunrise and sunset. The
second reason is because I can eat seafood which is my favorite food.
However, I don’t choose visiting my hometown because it is too far to go there.
Similarly, I don’t choose staying at home because it is very boring.
SPEAKING TEST 20
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about mobile phone:
1. Do you often use your mobile phone?
2. What do you do on your mobile phone?
3. What are disadvantages of using mobile phones?
Let’s talk about shopping:
1. Do you like shopping? How often do you go shopping?
2. Do you prefer shopping online or at real stores?
3. Do you prefer shopping in a large department store or in a small shop?
SPEAKING TEST 21
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about friends:
How do you spend time with friends?
Is there one person you would call your best friend? How did you meet him/her?
What kind of people do you like to have as friends?
Let’s talk about daily life:
Do you prefer to stay at home or go out at the weekend? Why?
Which day of the week do you most look forward to?
Would you prefer to live in a quiet place or a noisy one? Why?
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
Your 10-year-old brother is going to have a 3-month summer vacation. Your parents want to find some
interesting activities for him to do. There are three suggestions: letting him stay with his
grandparents in the countryside, sending him to a summer camp, and enrolling him in an English
course. Which do you think is the best option? Explain your choice.
SPEAKING TEST 22
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about friends
- Do you have many friends? Why (not)?
- What do you and your friends usually do together?
- What kind of people do you like to have as friends?
Let’s talk about name
- Does your name have any special meaning?
- Is your name common or unusual in your country?
- If you could change your name, would you? Why (not)?
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
You and your best friend have just started studying at a university. You would like to join a club to
meet people and make friends. There are three suggestions: Music Club, Sport Club, and English
Club. Which club would be the best the join? Explain your choice.
SPEAKING TEST 23
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about hobbies
- What do you usually do in your spare time?
- Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with others?
- What are your good hobbies and bad hobbies?
Let’s talk about history
- Do you like to learn about history? Why (not)?
- What historical events do you find interesting?
- Do you think history is important? Why (not)
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
It is summer-time, and you decide to take up a sport to keep fit. There are three options: aerobics,
swimming, and aqua walking.Which is the best choice? Explain.
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
Your family is planning to move to a new area. There are three suggestions: a farmland, a beach
town, and a big city. Which place do you think will be the best place for your family to live? Explain
your choice.
PART 3: TOPIC DEVELOPMENT (5’)
Topic: There are several ways for people to make friends
SPEAKING TEST 24
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about computer:
1. How often do you use your computer?
2. What kinds of activities involves using computers?
3. How important is your computer to you?
Let’s talk about music:
1. How often do you listen to music? What is your favorite genre?
2. Is music important?
3. Have you ever learned to play a musical instrument?
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
You have a Sunday evening out with your friends. There are three suggestions: seeing a movie, going
shopping, and singing karaoke. Which do you think is the best option? Explain your choice.
PART 3: TOPIC DEVELOPMENT (5’)
Topic: Being famous is not always a good thing.
SPEAKING TEST 25
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about music:
1. How often do you listen to music? When and where?
2. What kind of music do you often listen to?
3. How do you think music is important to our life?
Let’s talk about exam:
1. How do you feel before an exam?
2. What kind of person are you: prepare long before the exam or prepare just before the exam?
3. What should we do to have good results in exams?
PART 2: SOLUTION DISCUSSION (4’)
You are planning a surprise present for 30th wedding anniversary for your parents. You are considering
3 options: organizing a vacation abroad, buying couple watches, and taking family photos at a
studio. Which is the best choice? Explain.
PART 3: TOPIC DEVELOPMENT (5’)
Topic: Modern lifestyle has had negative effects on your people’s health.
SPEAKING TEST 26
PART 1: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS (3’)
Let’s talk about food.
- Do you prefer to eat out or at home?
- Where do you buy food?
- If you had to choose a national food, what would it be?