CBSE 10 | Chapterwise 20 PYQS- Least to the Most

SUBJECT:
CLASS: X
CHAPTER: Magnetic effects of current No. of PYQs:20

Sl No QUESTIONS MARK

1 Give reason for the following

(i) There is either a convergence or a divergence of magnetic
field lines near the ends of a current carrying straight solenoid.
(ii) The current carrying solenoid when suspended freely rests
along a particular direction. (2/3, 2020)
Solution :-
(i) There is either a convergence or a divergence of magnetic
field lines near the ends of a current carrying straight solenoid
because it behaves similar to that of a bar magnet and has a
magnetic field line pattern similar to that of a bar magnet. Thus
the ends of the straight solenoid behaves like poles of the
magnet, where the converging end is the south pole and the
diverging end is the north pole.

(ii) The current carrying solenoid behaves similar to that of a bar

magnet and when freely suspended aligns itself in the
north-south direction.

2 (a) State three factors on which the strength of magnetic field

produced by a current carrying solenoid depends.(2014,2016)

Solution :-

(a) Strength of magnetic field produced by a current carrying

solenoid depends upon the following factors:

● number of turns in the coil

● amount of current flowing through it
● radius of coil
● Material of core of the solenoid.
3 (a) State Right Hand Thumb rule to find the direction of the
magnetic field around a current carrying straight conductor.
(b) How will the magnetic field be affected on:
(i) increasing the current through the conductor
(ii) reversing the direction of flow of current in the conductor?
(Board Term I, 2013,2015)
Solution :-
(a) It states that you are holding a current carrying a straight
conductor in your right hand such that the thumb points towards
the direction of current. Then your finger will wrap around the
conductor in the direction of the field lines of the magnetic field.

(b) (i) If the current is increased, the magnetic field strength also
increases.
(ii) If the direction of current is reversed, the direction of
magnetic field also get reversed.

4 What is a solenoid? Draw a diagram to show field lines of the

magnetic field through and around a current carrying solenoid.
State the use of magnetic field produced inside a solenoid.
(Board Term I, 2015)
Solution :-
Solenoid : A coil of many circular turns of insulated copper wire
wrapped in the shape of cylinder is called solenoid.
The pattern of magnetic field lines inside the solenoid indicates
that the magnetic field is the same at all points inside the
solenoid. That is, the field is uniform inside the solenoid.

Solenoid is used to form strong but temporary magnet called

electromagnets. These electromagnets are used in wide variety
of instruments and used to lift heavy iron, objects.

5 State the effect of a magnetic field on the path of a moving

 charged particle. (Board Term I, 2014)
Solution :- A charged particle moving in a magnetic field may
experience a force in the direction perpendicular to direction of
magnetic field and direction of motion of particle. This force
deflects the charged particle from its path.

6 Write the frequency of alternating current (AC) in India. How

many times per second it changes its direction? (Board Term I,
2015)
Solution :-

7 Describe an activity with labelled diagram to show that a force

acts on current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field
and its direction of current through conductor. Name the rule
which determines the direction of this force. (Board Term I,
2016)
Solution :-
A small aluminium rod suspended horizontally from a stand
using two connecting wires. Place a strong horseshoe magnet
in such a way that the rod lies between the two poles with the
magnetic field directed upwards. For this, put the north pole of
the magnet vertically below and south pole vertically above the
aluminium rod.

Connect the aluminium rod in series with a battery, a key and a

rheostat. Pass a current through the aluminium rod from one
end to other (B to A). The rod is displaced towards left. When
the direction of current flowing through the rod is reversed, the
displacement of rod will be towards right. Direction of force on a
 current carrying conductor is determined by Fleming’s left hand
rule.

8 (i) Alternating current has a frequency of 50 Hz. What is meant

by this statement? How many times does it change its direction
in one second? Give reason for your answer.
(ii) Mention the frequency of D.C that is given by a cell. (Board
Term I, 2013)
Solution :-
(i) The frequency of household supply of A.C. in India is 50 Hz.
This means, A.C. completes 50 cycles in one second. Thus,
A.C. changes direction 2 × 50 = 100 times in one second.
(ii) Frequency of D.C. is zero as its direction does not change
with time.

9 What are magnetic field lines? List three characteristics of these

lines. Describe in brief an activity to study the magnetic field
lines due to a current carrying circular oil. (Board Term I, 2017,
2016)
Solution :-

10 (a) Fuse acts like a watchman in an electric circuit. Justify this

statement.
(b) Mention the usual current rating of the fuse wire in the line to
(i) lights and fans (ii) appliance of 2 kW or more power. (Board
Term I, 2014)
Solution :-

11 Give reasons for the following:

(a) It is dangerous to touch the live wire of the main supply
rather than neutral wire.
(b) In household circuit, parallel combination of resistances is
used.
(c) Using fuse in a household electric circuit is important.
(Board Term I, 2017,2020)
Solution :-
(a) Live wire is at 220V and neutral wire is at zero volt since the
electric current flows from higher potential to lower potential, we
can get an electric shock by touching live wire but that is not the
case with neutral wire.
(b) In parallel combination, each resistor gets same potential
from the source. We can use separate on/off switches with each
appliance. Also in case if any one resistor fails then the circuit
 will not break. So, it is safe and convenient to connect
household circuit in parallel combination of resistors
(c) Fuse is an important safety device. It is used in series with
any electrical appliance and protects it from short-circuiting and
overloading.

12 A compass needle is placed near a current carrying straight

conductor. State your observation for the following cases and
give reasons for the same in each case.
(a) Magnitude of electric current is increased.
(b) The compass needle is displaced away from the conductor.
(AI 2019)
Solution :-

(a) Observation: The deflection of the needle increases.

Reason: Magnetic field strength due to current-carrying wire
increases as current in the wire increases, B ∝ l.
(b) Observation: The deflection in the compass needle
decreases as its displacement from the current-carrying wire
increases. Reason: The strength of magnetic field reduces with
the increase in distance from the wire as B ∝ l/r.

13 Find the direction of magnetic field due to a current carrying

circular coil held:
(i) vertically in North – South plane and an observer looking it
from east sees the current to flow in anticlockwise direction,
(ii) vertically in East – West plane and an observer looking it
from south sees the current to flow in anticlockwise direction,
(iii) horizontally and an observer looking at it from below sees
current to flow in clockwise direction .(Board Term I, 2017)
Solution :-
According to right hand rule, the direction of magnetic field is
(i) west to east
(ii) north to south
(iii) into the paper.

14 What is solenoid? Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines of

(i) a current carrying solenoid and
(ii) a bar magnet.
List two distinguishing features between the two fields. (Delhi
2019,2020)
Solution :-

(i) Solenoid : A coil of many circular turns of insulated copper

wire wrapped in the shape of cylinder is called solenoid.
 (ii) Magnetic field lines around a bar magnet.

Following are the distinguishing features between the two fields.

(a) A bar magnet is a permanent magnet whereas solenoid is
an electromagnet, therefore field produced by solenoid is
temporary and stay till current flows through it.
(b) Magnetic field produced by solenoid is more stronger than
magnetic field of a bar magnet.

15 Draw magnetic field lines around a bar magnet. Name the

device which is used to draw magnetic field lines. (Board Term
I, 2015, 2017, 2016)
Solution :-

The device which is used to draw the magnetic field lines is

called a compass needle.
Magnetic field lines are drawn using a compass needle taken
near a magnet, and the deflection is drawn around the magnet,
representing the magnetic field lines.
16 What are magnetic field lines? Justify the following statements:
(a) Two magnetic field lines never intersect each other.
(b) Magnetic field are closed curves. (Board Term I, 2013,
2015, 2016)
Solution :-

Imaginary continuous closed curves used to represent the

magnetic field in a region is known as magnetic field lines. It is
directed from north pole to south pole outside the magnet and
south pole to north pole inside the magnet.

(a) The direction of magnetic field (B) at any point is obtained by

drawing a tangent to the magnetic field line at that point. In
case, two magnetic field lines intersect each other at the point P
as shown in figure, magnetic field at P will have two directions,
shown by two arrows, one drawn to each magnetic field line at
P, which is not possible.

(b) It is taken by convention that the field lines emerges from

north pole and merge at the south pole. Inside the magnet, the
direction of field lines is from its south pole to its north pole.
Thus, the magnetic field lines are closed curves.

17 Name and state the rule which is used to determine the

direction of force on a current carrying conductor placed in a
magnetic field.(2020,2022,2023)
Solution :-

Fleming’s left hand rule: Stretch the forefinger, middle finger and
the thumb of your left hand mutually perpendicular to each
other. If the forefinger indicates the direction of magnetic field
and the middle finger indicates the direction of current, then the
thumb will indicate the direction of motion of conductor.

18 A current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field. Now

answer the following.
(i) List the factors on which the magnitude of force experienced
by conductor depends.
 (ii) When is the magnitude of this force maximum?
(iii) State the rule which helps, in finding the direction of motion
of conductor.
(iv) If initially this force was acting from right to left, how will the
direction of force change if:
(a) direction of magnetic field is reversed?
(b) direction of current is reversed? (Board Term I, 2017)
Solution :-

(i) When a current carrying wire is placed in a magnetic field, it

experiences a magnetic force that depends on
(a) current flowing in the conductor
(b) strength of magnetic field
(c) length of the conductor
(d) angle between the element of length and the magnetic field.

(ii) Force experienced by a current carrying conductor placed in

a magnetic field is largest when the direction of current is
perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field.

(iii) The rule used in finding the direction of motion of the

conductor placed in a magnetic field is Flemings left hand rule.
Fleming’s left hand rule is as follows:
Stretch out the thumb, the forefinger, and the second (middle)
finger of the left hand so that these are at right angles to each
other. If the forefinger gives the direction of the magnetic field (N
to S), the second (middle) finger the direction of current then the
thumb gives the direction of the force acting on the conductor.

(iv) (a) Direction of force will be reversed when direction of

magnetic field is reversed, i.e., now force on conductor will act
from left to right.

(b) Direction of force will be reversed, if the direction of current

is reversed, i.e., the force on the conductor will act from left to
right.

19 State whether an alpha particle will experience any force in a

magnetic field if (alpha particles are positively charged particles)
(i) it is placed in the field at rest.
(ii) it moves in the magnetic field parallel to field lines.
(iii) it moves in the magnetic field perpendicular to field lines.
Justify your answer in each case. (Board Term I,
2016,2022,2023)
Solution :-
 (i) No, alpha particle will not experience any force if it is at rest,
because only moving charge particle can experience force
when placed in a magnetic field.
(ii) No, alpha particle will not experience any force if it moves in
the magnetic field parallel to field lines because charge particle
experiences force only when it moves at an angle other than 0°
with magnetic field.
(iii) Alpha particle will experience a force in the direction
perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field and direction of
motion of alpha particle.

20 Mention and explain the function of an earth wire. Why it is

necessary to earth metallic appliances? (Board Term I, 2013)
(Board Term I, 2014,2016,2020)
Solution :-
Many electric appliances of daily use like electric press, heater,
toaster, refrigerator, table fan etc. have a metallic body. If the
insulation of any of these appliances melts and makes contact
with the metallic casing, the person touching it is likely to
receive a severe electric shock. This is due to the reason that
the metallic casing will be at the same potential as the applied
one. Obviously, the electric current will flow through the body of
the person who touches the appliance. To avoid such serious
accidents, the metal casing of the electric appliance is earthed.
Since the earth does not offer any resistance, the current flows
to the earth through the earth wire instead of flowing through the
body of the person.