Project Report

QR CODE FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
1. INTRODUCTION
Quick Response (QR) codes are versatile. A piece of long multilingual text, a
linked URL, an automated SMS message, a business card or just about any
information can be embedded into the two-dimensional barcode. Coupled with
moderate equipped mobile devices, QR Codes can connect the users to the information
quickly and easily. In this paper, we explore how QR codes can be used in education.
The low technical barrier of creating and reading QR codes allows innovative
educators to incorporate them into their educational endeavors. The operations to
retrieve or store QR codes are incredibly simple and quick, and with mobile devices,
make them the ideal educational tools for teaching and learning.
Now mobile phones can implement many new kinds of applications such as taking
photos, and movie shooting by using embedded camera devices. So mobile phones
with embedded camera devices can be used to recognize the barcode.
This project proposes the use of QR codes more innovatively by deploying various
modules for various purposes. It also provides a module for encryption in order to
make QR code more secure and safe.
Fig. No. 1 Working (overview) of QR Code
Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 1

& Advanced Research Aurangabad
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 What Is Qr Code?
Fig. No. 2 Quick Response Code

The QR (Quick Response) Code is a two-dimensional (2-D) matrix code that
belongs to a larger set of machine-readable codes, all of which are often referred to
as barcodes, regardless of whether they are made up of bars, squares or other-shaped
elements. Compared with 1-D codes, 2-D codes can hold a larger amount of data in
a smaller space, and compared with other 2-D codes, QR Code Essentials.
The QR Code can hold much more data still. In addition, an advanced
error-correction method and other unique characteristics allow the QR Code to be
read more reliably and at higher speeds than other codes. Like written language,
barcodes are visual representations of information. Unlike language, however, which
humans can read, barcodes are designed to be read and understood (decoded) by
computers, using machine-vision systems consisting of optical laser scanners or
cameras and barcode-interpreting software. The rules with which a barcode is
constructed (its grammar) and the character set it uses (its alphabet) are called its
symbology. Differences in the second, vertical dimension of the bars and spaces—
whether they are taller or shorter—does not matter; all that counts is how wide they
are and what order they are placed in.

Fig. No. 3 I-D Barcodes

To barcode-reading software, both of these 1-D barcodes are identical.
Changing the height of the bars does not change the information they contain
Differences in the second, vertical dimension of the bars and spaces—whether they are
taller or shorter—does not matter; all that counts is how wide they are and what order
they are placed in.
2.2 From 1-D To 2-D Codes
After the commercial introduction of 1-D barcodes in 1966, they quickly
gained widespread acceptance. In time, however, demand grew for new types of
codes that could hold more information and use more character types, yet occupy a
smaller space. Attempts were consequently made to increase the amount of data
contained in barcodes by increasing the number of bars or creating multiple-barcode
layouts. These efforts, however, resulted in a larger barcode area, complicated
reading requirements and increased printing costs. To solve these problems, two-
dimensional (2-D) codes were developed, first as stacked barcodes, which repeat the
same linear symbology vertically, and then as matrix codes, composed of small,
symmetrical elements arranged in a square or rectangle.
Fig. No. 4 Multiple-barcode, 2-D stacked barcode and 2-D matrix code

Because 2-D matrix codes contain information in both the horizontal and
vertical direction, they met the need for high data density and small size, yet further
improvements were still to follow, including those introduced by the QR Code. The
following image summarizes the features and characteristics of some typical 2-D
codes.
Fig. No. 5 Features and Characteristic of some typical 2-D codes.

3. HOW THE QR CODE WORKS
Fig. No. 6 Contains Data in QR Code & 2-D matrix code

Unlike 1-D barcodes, the QR Code is a 2-D matrix code that conveys
information not by the size and position of bars and spaces in a single (horizontal)
dimension, but by the arrangement of its dark and light elements, called “modules,”
in columns and rows, i.e. in both the horizontal and vertical directions.
Each dark or light module of a QR Code symbol—a specific instance of a code—
represents a 0 or 1, thus making it machine intelligible.
Fig. No. 7 QR Code Representation
The QR Code modules perform several functions: Some contain the actual
data itself, while others are grouped into various function patterns that improve
reading performance and allow symbol alignment, error correction and distortion
compensation. The timing pattern lets the scanning device know the size of the
symbol. There is also a required “quiet zone,” a four- module wide buffer area

containing no data, to ensure that surrounding text or markings are not mistaken for
QR Code data.
Conventional 2-D matrix codes required a considerable amount of time to be
spent searching a symbol’s code to determine its angle of orientation, position (x and
y coordinates) and size. To address this problem, the QR Code was designed with
special position-detection patterns located in three corners of each symbol. The
patterns have a symmetrical scan-line ratio of 1:1:3: 1:1, which allows them to be
scanned from any direction within a full 360 degrees. In addition, the positional
relationship of the patterns allows quick access to the relevant angle, position and
size information contained in the code’s periphery.
As a result, the QR Code does not require lengthy code searching, enabling
reading speeds 20 times faster than those of conventional matrix codes. Also,
searching the position detection patterns can be performed by the scanning
hardware, further increasing overall speed by allowing image reading and data
processing to be carried out simultaneously.
3.1 QR Code Symbol Versions
QR Codes can be generated in 40 different symbol versions, from 21 x 21
modules (version 1) to 177 x 177 modules (version 40). Each higher symbol version
has 4 additional modules per side (16 additional modules per symbol), and can
contain a proportionally larger amount of data. The maximum amount of data that can
be contained by a given symbol is determined by its version, type of characters and
error-correction level.
Fig. No. 8 QR Code Symbol Versions

4. TYPES OF QR CODES
4.1 URL: These are the codes that redirect the user to a website. As soon the code is
scanned, the phone browser will open and load the company website. Company can put
URL QR codes on their promotional materials so that their customers who are looking
for more information can land on their website.
4.2 meCard: Containing contact details, these codes automatically save information
in a user’s phone address book. This saves users from the hassle of entering the
information manually and from making input mistakes. These codes are very useful
in an event such as conventions, conferences, and seminars where there is a need to
exchange business card.
4.3 vCard: A vCard QR code can store more data than meCard QR code, like a
salutation, job title, mobile number, work details, address, zip code, and country. Such
information is useful if a person is working on a global level and needs to share more
information about to consumers.
4.4 Calendar Event: Usually found on invitation cards and movie or concert tickets,
these codes have information regarding the event date, time, and location. They can
also hold event descriptions. These codes also have an option to automatically save
the event in the phone’s calendar.
4.5 Email: When scanned, email QR codes will have an email address to provide.
Email QR codes can also open email composition window on a user’s phone, with the
email address field already filled in. These codes can prompt users to send an email.
4.6 Phone Number: This code is used to encode a phone number so when a phone
scans it, it will produce a number on its home screen. This encourages users to call
the advertiser, rather than continue searching. This type of QR code is especially
useful for pizza delivery and similar services
4.7 SMS: This type of QR code prompts an SMS message from the user’s phone,
automatically addressing and composing the text message. An SMS QR code is best
used for subscription services.
4.8 GPS Map Coordinates: Information regarding the location of a particular place
or an object is stored using latitude and longitude coordinates and can be displayed on
a smartphone. This code can also provide directions.

4.9 Social media: Use this code to get a person to like a Facebook page or retweet on
Twitter. You can also use this code to share information on social networking
websites.
4.10 Plain Text: This code displays a text message to the code’s scanner, and is useful
for communicating short messages.
4.11 YouTube Video: Embedding a YouTube video in your QR code directs users to
promotional or how-to videos about your company.
4.12 LinkedIn Share: Creating a QR Code for LinkedIn lets clients and customers
find your profile easily on this popular business networking site.
4.13 FourSquare Venue: You can create a QR code to capitalize on the popularity
for the FourSquare app, which entices customers to check in at your location and tell
their friends.

5. SYSTEM STUDY OF QR CODE GENERATOR

As the inventor of the QR Code and owner of the QR Code trademark, DENSO
Wave Incorporated has allowed the patents for the code to be freely available
to the public.
Consequently, many websites now feature online QR Code generators or
downloadable code-generating software. Such code generators and software are not
certified by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), however, so there
is no way of telling if they adhere to the relevant ISO Standard 18004, which is
based on the DENSO Wave patent. As a result, the code symbols they create may not
be readable by all devices or the reading quality may be reduced. Of particular concern
is the fact that non-ISO-compliant code generators do not determine the minimum
printable size of a given QR Code symbol. If a symbol is printed at a size that is below
the ISO-specified minimum—which takes into account the amount of data contained
in that symbol, the symbol version and the resolution of the printing device—readability
will be dramatically reduced. Using QR Code-generating software that is not ISO
compliant can be especially problematic if the QR Code is to be read by smart phones,
whose quality may greatly vary.
Fig. No. 9 QR Code Generating Software

Only ISO-compliant QR Code-generating software can ensure maximum
symbol readability and specify the minimum printable size for a given symbol to ensure
that a QR Code will be successfully read by the highest percentage of devices,
therefore, it is essential to use code-generating software offered only by a reputable
manufacturer who can be trusted to comply with ISO specifications.

6. READING QR CODES
6.1 High-speed reading:
Faster scanning and the ability to scan barcodes from a distance increase operator
efficiency. Look for devices with advanced CCD scanning technology, which enables
even high-density or poorly printed barcodes to be read at high speed and from a
distance.
6.2 Ease of use:
Lightweight, ergonomic designs, featuring large display screens and easy-to-
hold grips, reduce operator fatigue, a key factor in productivity.
6.3 Durability:
In the field, hand-held scanners and terminals are vulnerable to harsh
environments and rough handling, including being bumped or dropped. Devices
featuring rugged, drop-resistant construction and resistance to water and dust protect
your equipment investment.
6.4 Long battery life:
Scanners are available with power-saving features that result in longer operating
time, eliminating frequent, time-consuming battery changes.
6.5 Experience and reputation of the manufacturer:
Look for a manufacturer that has established itself as an industry leader and
innovator, and whose products have stood the test of time.

7. ENCRYPTION
Encryption is the conversion of data into a form, called a ciphertext, that
cannot be easily understood by unauthorized people. Decryption is the process of
converting encrypted data back into its original form, so it can be understood. The
use of encryption/decryption is as old as the art of communication. In wartime, a
cipher, often incorrectly called a code, can be employed to keep the enemy from
obtaining the contents of transmissions. (Technically, a code is a means of
representing a signal without the intent of keeping it secret; examples are Morse code
and ASCII.) Simple ciphers include the substitution of letters for numbers, the
rotation of letters in the alphabet, and the "scrambling" of voice signals by inverting
the sideband frequencies. More complex ciphers work according to sophisticated
computer algorithms that rearrange the data bits in digital signals.
In order to easily recover the contents of an encrypted signal, the correct
decryption key is required. The key is an algorithm that undoes the work of the
encryption algorithm. Alternatively, a computer can be used in an attempt to break
the cipher. The more complex the encryption algorithm, the more difficult it becomes
to eavesdrop on the communications without access to the key.
Encryption/decryption is especially important in wireless communications. This is
because wireless circuits are easier to tap than their hard-wired counterparts.
Nevertheless, encryption/decryption is a good idea when carrying out any kind of
sensitive transaction, such as a credit-card purchase online, or the discussion of a
company secret between different departments in the organization. The stronger the
cipher -- that is, the harder it is for unauthorized people to break it -- the better, in
general. However, as the strength of encryption/decryption increases, so does the
cost.
In recent years, a controversy has arisen over so-called strong encryption. This
refers to ciphers that are essentially unbreakable without the decryption keys. While
most companies and their customers view it as a means of keeping secrets and
minimizing fraud, some governments view strong encryption as a potential vehicle
by which terrorists might evade authorities. These governments, including that of the
United States, want to set up a key- escrow arrangement. This means everyone who
uses a cipher would be required to provide the government with a copy of the key.
Decryption keys would be stored in a supposedly secure place, used only by

authorities, and used only if backed up by a court order. Opponents of this scheme
argue that criminals could hack into the key-escrow database and illegally obtain,
steal, or alter the keys. Supporters claim that while this is a possibility, implementing
the key escrow scheme would be better than doing nothing to prevent criminals from
freely using encryption/decryption.
7.1 Encryption in QR codes
When we talk about Encrypted Code, we do not mean that the code itself (e.g.
QR Code) is encrypted, but, instead, a part of the URL where the code is pointing is
encrypted.
The Encrypted Codes feature can be used to hide or encrypt sensitive parts of
the target URL of your code or to prevent users from manipulating parts of the URL,
e.g. changing the values of parameters.
This can be of relevance in the following use cases:
1. Contests
2. Games
3. Voting
4. Security applications
5. Prevent crawling of sensitive data
Encrypted Codes are standard Dynamic Link Codes and therefore manageable,
trackable and editable like all other System Codes.
The contact data is stored in a database and accessible by providing the contact ID.
Without encryption, the URL for recalling this contact data would probably look
something like this:
http://www.somesite.com/contactpage.php?contactid=12345
The problem with that approach is that someone could easily try contact IDs
other than the given ID of 12345 and collect the contact information that is associated
with those other IDs. That’s certainly something the BeeTagg Contact application
has to prevent, and it can do so by using Encrypted Codes.

7.2 Encryption Algorithms

1. XOR
XOR is not a real encryption algorithm. It only obfuscates the text, but in most cases
XOR will be sufficient. The advantage of XOR is that the length of the encrypted
text has the same length as the non-encrypted text and decryption is easier.
2. RIJANDAEL
Rijandael is a standardized encryption algorithm. It is very secure, but
implementation is not as easy as with XOR and the length of the encrypted text is
longer than the non-encrypted text. Keep that in mind, because URLs have a limited
length (a URL shouldn’t exceed 1024 characters, because some browsers cannot
handle them otherwise).
In order for Encrypted Codes to work you need to
1. Provide a secret encryption key. Secret means that you should not tell anybody
and you should not share it with others.
Example: ThI3**iS--an"EncRPtiOn: KeY
2. Select one of the two encryption algorithms XOR or Rijandael
3. Define which part of the URL should be encrypted.

8. IMPLEMENTATION OF QR CODE
Here's a step-by-step guide on how to generate QR codes using Python:
8.1 Install Required Libraries: First, you need to install the necessary libraries. For
generating QR codes, you'll need the qr code library. You can install it using pip:
Fig. No. 10 Install Required Libraries

8.2 Import the Library: In your Python script, import the qr code module:
Fig. No. 11 Import the Library

8.3 Create QR Code Instance: Create an instance of the QR Code class from the qr
code module. ou can specify various parameters such as version, error correction
level, box size, and border.
Fig. No. 12 Create QR Code Instance

• Version: The version parameter determines the size of the QR code. Higher
versions allow for more data to be encoded but result in larger QR codes.
• Error Correction Level: This parameter determines the level of error correction.
There are four levels available: ERROR_CORRECT_L, ERROR_CORRECT_M,
ERROR_CORRECT_Q, and ERROR_CORRECT_H. Higher error correction
levels provide greater resilience to damage or distortion but result in denser QR
codes.
• Box Size: The box size determines the size of each module (black or white square)
in the QR code.
• Border: The border parameter specifies the number of modules around the edge of
the QR code.
8.4 Add Data to the QR Code: Use the add_data () method to add the data that you
want to encode into the QR code.
Fig. No. 13 Add Data to the QR Code

8.5 Generate the QR Code: Call the make () method to generate the QR code. You
can use the fit parameter to automatically determine the best size for the QR code
based on the data.
Fig. No. 14 Generate the QR Code

8.6 Create an Image from the QR Code: Use the make_image () method to create
an image representation of the QR code. You can specify the fill color (color of the
QR code modules) and the background color.

Fig. No. 15 Create an Image from the QR Code

8.7 Save or Display the QR Code: You can save the generated QR code image to a
file using the save () method or display it directly using the show() method.
Fig. No. 16 Save or Display the QR Code

That's it! You've successfully generated a QR code using Python. You can customize
the QR code further by adjusting the parameters mentioned above to suit
your requirements.

9. OUTCOMES OF QR CODE
Fig. No. 17 Generated QR Code

9.1 Inside the QR code
Source code for website:
Front page: -
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>College Website</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="sty.css">
</head>
<body>
<section>

<img src = "images.jpg" alt="Side Logo" class="side-logo" width="100"

height="40">
<h1>MULANA AZAD COLLEGE AURANGABAD </h1>
<p>Recognize minority institute * NAAC Re-accredited (Grade A) in
two consecutive cycle
* District Green Champion Award (MGNCRE) * UGC - 2(f) & 12 (B)
Status * Grade A in Academic
And Administrative Audit (Dr. Bamu) * Unnat Bharat Abhiyan
</p>
</section>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="myNavbar">
<ul class="main-menu">
<li> <a class="navbar-link1" href="#home"
class="active">Home</a></li>
<li> <a class="navbar-link1"href="#about">About</a></li>
<li> <a class="navbar-link1"href="
computer_science.html">Computer Science Department</a></li>
<li> <a class="navbar-link1"href=" #Gallery">Gallery</a></li>
<li> <a class="navbar-link1"href=" #contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="college-info">
<img src="download.jpg" alt="College Logo" width="850"
height="300" > <br><br><br><br>
</div>
<section class="a">
<h4><b><i>WELCOME TO THE MAULANA AZAD COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE &
COMMERCE — AURANGABAD</i></b></h4><br>
</section>
<section id ='Founder And Chairman' >
<div class="container">

<div class="item">
<h2>Founder</h2>
<img src="Founder.jpg" alt="founder" >
<p><b> DR. RAFIQ ZAKARIA</b></p>
<p>Founder of Maulana Azad Educational Trust
</p>
</div>
<div class="item">
<h2>Chairman</h2><br<br>
<img src="Chairman.jpg" alt="'founder">
<p><b>Late Dr. Mrs. Fatma Zakaria</b></p>

<p>Ex-Chairman & Ex-President
MAET & MAES Awarded Padmashree - 2006
</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="about">
<h2>About Us</h2> <p>
The city of Aurangabad with a glorious past was in deep slumber
before the
late Honorable Dr. Rafiq Zakaria (Ex. Minister and Member of
Parliament)
discovered it. Among many other plans, he envisioned a centre of
higher
learning at the site of this legendary base of learning at Rauza
Bagh,
Aurangabad. Maulana Azad College of Arts, Science & Commerce is the
first
institution on the campus which was started in June 1963. The
College is
situated in the large and beautiful campus with its Mughal
architecture and
beautifully laid gardens. Today there are two separate campuses
running

seventeen educational institutions. The very first task that Dr.

Rafiq Zakaria
faced, with his ebullient wife, Madam Fatma Rafiq Zakaria when they
took up
the mission, was to ensure that the new buildings, would harmonize
with the
old. Thus today we have a pleasing blend of medieval and modern
structures
including an open-air auditorium with a futuristic dome embellished
with
minarets, Darwazas, arches and mausoleums with their old-world
charm.
</p>
<p>
Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Today the Campus at its creative best, has over
10,000
boys and girls of diverse caste, class, creed and religion, learning
science & technology etc. Its hostels houses around 350 varied
students
from all communities reflecting unity in cultural diversity.
</p>
<p>
Dr. Rafiq Zakaria started the Maulana Azad College of Arts and
Science in
1963 with the strength of just 144 students. Within a year, the
Faculty
of Commerce was added and later, job-oriented courses in Geology,
Industrial
Chemistry, Computer Application, Electronics and Microbiology were
introduced.
At the Junior College level, job-oriented vocational courses were
introduced
for the first time in the region. Today the College runs +2 level
courses,
undergraduate programs of BA, B.Com, B.Com (e-commerce), B.Sc., B.Sc
(Bio-tech),
BCA, BBA, MA and M.Sc. etc.
</p>
<p>
The college has a large and beautiful Naval Tata Stadium and the
Millennium

Gymnasium & Sports Complex. There is a playground and large multi-

gym with
modern equipment for sportsmen and sportswomen from the student and
staff
community. There are four spacious canteens in the compound, a large
parking
area with adequate security and gardens with flowering trees, herbs
and
shrubs on the Campus.
</p>
<p>
Maulana Azad College has become a first symbol of quality education
as the
National Assessment & Accreditation Council (NAAC) has granted Grade
“A” (2004) which is re-acriditated in Sept. 2015 and the college is
ISO 9001:2008 Certified College of the region. The College has the
distinction of being the first institution to have been accredited
as
Grade "A" by NAAC. The college is selected by UGC for potential for
excellence from 2016. This makes the Maulana Azad College very proud
indeed and places on it great responsibility to carry forward a
great
tradition established nearly five decades ago. This is the legacy
that
students will carry forward with them.
</p>
<p>Mrs. Fatma Zakaria is now leading the mission of the founder Dr.
Rafiq
Zakaria by putting in efforts to maintain the quality of education
and
training. She is now Chairman of Maulana Azad Educational Trust and
President of Maulana Azad Education Society</p>
<p>The President of India has conferred on Mrs. Fatma Zakaria, the

prestigious
Padmashri Award in January 2006. The Chairman Mrs. Fatma Rafiq
Zakaria is

making hard efforts to enhance the quality of infrastructure by

reallocating
space efficiently, creating a new building, adding new facilities
and making
it possible for students to experience quality in computer
laboratories, libraries,
gym, stadium etc.
</p>
<p>It also offers through its postgraduate and research centre
various postgraduate program
like MA, M.Com, M.Sc., MPM, MMS etc. the college got recognition
as a research centre for
Ph.D. program in subject of Chemistry, Geology, English, Hindi,
Urdu, Zoology, Botany,
Mathematics, Commerce & Management Science..
</p>
</section>
<section id="Gallery">
<h2> Gallery</h2>
<div class="gallery-container">
<img src="download (1).jpg" alt="CS Gallery image 1" class="gallery-
image" width="400" height="300">
<img src="download (3).jpg" alt="CS Gallery image 2" class="gallery-
image" width="400" height="300">
<img src="WhatsApp Image 2024-02-20 at 12.59.15_0f30ded9.jpg"
alt="CS Gallery image 2" class="gallery-image" width="400" height="300" >
<img src="WhatsApp Image 2024-02-20 at 12.59.16_352dd940.jpg"
alt="CS Gallery image 2" class="gallery-image" width="400" height="300" >
</div>
</section>
</body>
</html>

9.2 Front page CSS: -
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 10;
padding-right: 5%;
background-color:aqua; /* Light gray background color */
}
h1{
text-align: center;
}
.container{
display: flex;
}
.item{
flex: 1;
padding: 50px;
}
.item img {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
.About{
font-family: 'Franklin Gothic Medium', 'Arial Narrow', Arial, sans-
serif;
background-color: white;
text-decoration: none;
}
header {
margin: 0;
background-color: white;
color: #fff;
padding: 20px;
}
.college-info {
font-family: 'Franklin Gothic Medium', 'Arial Narrow', Arial, sans-
serif;
display: down;
align-items: center;

background-color: aqua;
}
.college-logo {
width: 500px;
height: auto;
margin-inline: 20px;
}
.side-logo {
width: 50px;
height: auto;
position: absolute;
top: 20px;
left: 20px;
}
section {
padding: 20px;
background-color:white; /* White background color for sections */
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.Gallary{
background-color: black;
}
.main-menu{
list-style: none;
float: right;
margin-top: 20px;
}
.main-menu a {
font-weight: 500;
color: #3a3a3a;
font-size: 20px;
.main-menu li {
float: left;

padding: 12px 15px ;
.a{
text-align: center;
}
/* Responsive layout using media queries */
@media screen and (min-width:768px){
header{
padding: 30px;
}
main{
padding: 30px;
}
}
@media screen and(min-width:1024px) {
header{
padding: 40px;
}
main{
padding: 40px;
}
}

9.3 Computer science department page: -

/*computer_science.html*/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-
scale=1.0">
<title> computer Science Department </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
<style>
body{
background-image: url('download.jpeg');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-attachment: fixed;
background-size: cover;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<header>
<div class="container">
<section id="main-menu">
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="myNavbar">

<div class ="main-menu">
<ul>
#about"><b>About</b></a></li>
#faculty"><b>faculty</b></a></li>
#resources"><b>Student Resources</b>
</a></li>
<li> <a class="navbar-
link1"href="#gallery"><b>Gallery</b></a></li>
</ul>

</div>
</div>
</section>
<section class="a">
<h4><b><i>WELCOME TO THE COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
</i></b></h4>
</section>
<section id="department">
<div class="department">
<img src="WhatsApp Image 2024-02-18 at
22.16.20_808e07b1.jpg" alt="Computer Science Department"
class="department-image" id="cs-image" width="850"
height="500">
<h3><b><i>Computer Science Department</i></b></h3><br><br>
</div>
</section>

<section id="about">
<h1> <b>About</b> </h1>
<div class="about">
<p>Computer Science Department in Maulana
Azad College is established in the year 1992.
The Department Runs the course MSc.Computer Science.
The strength of the students in the department is
around 150.
The Lab is equipped with 40 updated
computers and the high speed broad band
internet connection. All the computers are
over the network</p>
<p> The Computer Science Department at Maulana Azad

College in Aurangabad,

Maharashtra, is dedicated to providing comprehensive

education and training
in the field of computer science. The department
offers undergraduate and
postgraduate programs focusing on various aspects of
computer science,
including programming languages, algorithms, data
structures, computer
networks, software engineering, and more</p>
<p>
The faculty members are experienced and well-
qualified, often actively engaged
in research and industry collaborations. Students
have access to modern laboratories
equipped with the latest technologies and software
tools to support their learning
and research endeavors. Additionally, the department
organizes seminars, workshops,
and industrial visits to expose students to real-
world applications and emerging
trends in the field.</p>
<p>Post Graduates from the Computer Science Department

at Maulana Azad College are
well-prepared for diverse career opportunities in
software development,
IT consulting, data analysis, cybersecurity, and
beyond. They emerge with strong
problem-solving skills, technical expertise, and a
solid foundation to thrive in
the dynamic and competitive IT industry.</p>
<p>Computer science is the study of computers and

computing as
well as their theoretical and practical
applications. Computer
science applies the principles of mathematics,
engineering,

and logic to a plethora of functions, including

algorithm formulation,
software and hardware development, and artificial
intelligence.</p>
<p> The discipline of computer science includes the
study of algorithms and
data structures, computer and network design,
modeling data and information
processes, and artificial intelligence. Computer
science draws some of its
foundations from mathematics and engineering and
therefore incorporates
techniques from areas such as queueing theory,
probability and statistics,
and electronic circuit design. Computer science also
makes heavy use of
hypothesis testing and experimentation during the
conceptualization, design,
measurement, and refinement of new algorithms,
information structures, and
computer architectures.
</p>
<p>Computer science emerged as an independent discipline
in the early 1960s,
although the electronic digital computer that is the
object of its study was
invented some two decades earlier. The roots of
computer science lie primarily
in the related fields of mathematics, electrical
engineering, physics, and
management information systems.
</p>
<p>Mathematics is the source of two key concepts in the
development
of the computer—the idea that all information can be
represented as as sequences of zeros and ones and
the abstract notion of a“stored program.” In the
binary number system, numbers are

represented by a sequence of the binary digits 0 and

1 in the same way that numbers
in the familiar decimal system are represented using
the digits 0 through 9. The relative
ease with which two states (e.g., high and low
voltage) can be realized in electrical and
electronic devices led naturally to the binary
digit, or bit, becoming the basic unit of
data storage and transmission in a computer system.
</p>
<h1>Mission and Vision</h1>
<p>To produce highly qualified and motivated
graduates through a rigorous curriculum of
theory and application that develops the ability
to solve problems, individually and in
teams.<br><br>
Creating knowledge of fundamental principles

and innovative technologies through research
within the core areas of computer science and
also in inter-disciplinary topics.<br><br>
Servicing the communities to which we belong

at local and national levels. Combined with a
deep awareness of our ethical responsibilities
to our profession and to society.<br><br>
To contribute effectively to the important

national endeavour to produce quality human
resource in the information technology and
related areas for sustainable development of
the country's IT industry needs.<br>
To advance the state of the art in computer

science and engineering by working on cutting
edge research topics, publishing quality
research.<br>
To serve the local and the national community

by creating awareness about IT related products

and to impress upon then the importance of knowledge

management.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="faculty" >
<h1><b>Faculty & Staff</b></h1>

<div class="teacher" >
<img src="WhatsApp Image 2024-04-16 at
14.46.41_fafd9c09.jpg" alt="teacher 1" height="100">
<h3>Dr.Shaikh Akhil</h3>
<p> Asst.Professor & Head</p>
<p>M.sc, M.Phil, Ph.D.</p>
<p> Teaching Experience 24 Yrs</p>
</div>
<div class="teacher" >
<img src='zeba maam pic.jpg' alt="Teacher 2">
<h3>Mrs. Syed Zebanaaz</h3>
<p> Asst.Professor</p>
<p>M.sc, Ph.D. Pursuing</p>
<p> Teaching Experience 6 yrs</p>
</div>
<div class="teacher">
<img src="javeriya maam pic.jpg" alt="teacher 3">
<h3>Mrs. Javeriya Khan</h3>
<p> Asst. Professor</p>
<p>M.sc, Ph.D. Pursuing</p>
<p> Teaching Experience 1 yr</p>
</div>

</section>
<section id="resources">
<h1><b>Student Resources</b></h1>
<h1>Syllabus</h1>
<p>Here is a Syllabus link for 1st year and 2nd year...Click on
Syllabus and view it</p>

<a
href="http://www.bamu.ac.in/Department_of_Computer_Science/M%20Sc-CS-NEP-
final-Dept-23-24.pdf"> Syllabus</a>
<h1>Notes</h1>
<p>Here is a links to download lecture notes or study
materials.</p>
<a
href="https://classroom.google.com/c/NjY2NzUxNTYwNDAw?cjc=z5h2rgg">
Notes</a>
</section>
<section id="gallery">
<h1> <b>Gallery</b></h1>
<div class="gallery-container">
<img src="images (1).jpg" alt="CS Gallery image 1"
class="gallery-image" >
<img src="download (2).jpg" alt="CS Gallery image 2"
class="gallery-image" >
<video width="320" height="240" controls>
<source src="WhatsApp Video 2024-04-17 at
20.05.31_05b8593d.mp4" type="video/mp4">
20.12.36_b3b408df.mp4" type="video/mp4">
</video>
<video width="320" height="240" controls>
20.12.36_b3b408df.mp4" type="video/mp4">
</video>
</div>
</section>
</div>
</header>
<footer>
<p>© MAULANA AZAD COLLEGE, Department OF computer
science</p>
</footer>
<script src="script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

9.4 Computer science department CSS: -

/* General Styles */
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
/* background-image: url("")
/* background-size: cover;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center;*/
/* background-color: aqua; */
}
container {
width: 90%; /* Set a maximum width for your content */
max-width: 1200px; /* Adjust this value based on your design needs */
margin: 0 auto; /* Center the container */
padding: 20px;
}
header {
text-align: center;
}
.main-menu{
list-style: none;
float: right;
margin-top: 20px;
font-family: Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;
font-size: medium;
}
.main-menu a {
font-weight: 500;
color: #3a3a3a;
font-size: 30px;
}
.main-menu ul{
list-style-type: none;

}
.main-menu li{
float: left;
padding: 12px 15px;
}
.a{
text-align: center;
font-size: 80px;
}
section {
padding: 20px;
/* background-color: #fff; */
/* White background color for sections */
}
.About{
font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;
//
line-gap-override: 1.15S;
}
.department{
margin-top: 20px;
}
.faculty{
margin-top: 20px;
}
.teacher {
text-align: center;
}
.teacher img {
width: 100px;
height: auto;
border-radius: 50%; /* Rounded corners for teacher images */
}

.teacher h3 {
margin-top: 10px;
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.teacher p {
margin: 0;
}
#resources h3 {
margin-top: 20px;
}
.gallery-container {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.gallery-image {
width: 300 ;
height: 200;/* Adjust image width based on your design */
border-radius: 5px; /* Rounded corners for gallery images */
}
/* Responsive layout using media queries */

@media screen and (min-width:768px){
header{
padding: 30px;
}
main{
padding: 30px;
}
}
@media screen and(min-width:1024px) {
header{
padding: 40px;
}
main{
padding: 40px;

}
}
/* Footer Styles */
footer {
background-color: #333333;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
padding: 20px;
}

10. ADVANTAGES OF QR CODE

10.1 Ease of Use: QR codes are easy to generate and use. Users can simply scan the
code with a smartphone camera equipped with a QR code reader app, eliminating the
need for manual data entry or typing.
10.2 Versatility: QR codes can store various types of data, including URLs, text,
contact information, Wi-Fi credentials, and more. This versatility makes them suitable
for a wide range of applications, such as marketing, ticketing, inventory management,
and authentication.
10.3 Compact Size: Despite their ability to store significant amounts of data, QR codes
are compact in size, allowing them to be easily printed on various materials, such as
paper, labels, packaging, and digital screens.
10.4 High-Speed Scanning: QR codes can be scanned quickly, making them ideal for
situations where efficiency and convenience are essential, such as mobile payments,
event check-ins, and accessing digital content.
10.5 Cost-Effective: Generating and distributing QR codes is cost-effective compared
to traditional barcode systems. Businesses can create QR codes for free using online
generators and easily integrate them into their marketing materials and digital
platforms.
10.6 Trackable and Analyzable: QR code campaigns can be tracked and analyzed to
gather valuable insights into user engagement and behavior. Businesses can monitor
scan rates, locations, and other metrics to measure the effectiveness of their QR code
marketing campaigns.
10.7 Contactless Interaction: In today's environment, QR codes enable contactless
interaction, reducing the need for physical contact and minimizing the risk of spreading
germs, particularly in public settings like restaurants, stores, and events.

11. DISADVATAGES OF QR CODE

11.1 Dependency on Technology: QR codes require users to have a smartphone or
other devices equipped with a camera and a QR code reader app. This reliance on
technology may limit their accessibility for some users, particularly those who don't
have smartphones or are not familiar with QR code technology.
11.2 Limited Data Capacity: QR codes have a limited capacity for storing data
compared to other types of barcodes. While they can store a variety of data types such
as URLs, text, and contact information, they may not be suitable for scenarios requiring
extensive data storage.
11.3 Scanning Limitations: QR codes may not scan accurately in certain conditions,
such as when they are printed too small, on uneven surfaces, or with low contrast.
Environmental factors like poor lighting or glare can also hinder scanning accuracy.
11.4 Security Concerns: QR codes can be susceptible to security risks, such as
phishing attacks or malicious QR codes that lead users to harmful websites or download
malware onto their devices. Users need to be cautious and ensure the legitimacy of QR
codes before scanning them.
11.5 Lack of Standardization: There are different types of QR codes, each with its
own specifications and standards. This lack of standardization can lead to compatibility
issues between QR code readers and generators, potentially causing confusion for users.
11.6 Overuse or Misuse: In some cases, QR codes may be overused or misused,
leading to a poor user experience. Placing QR codes in inappropriate locations or
linking them to irrelevant content can frustrate users and diminish the effectiveness of
QR code campaigns.

12. APLICATION OF QR CODE

12.1 Marketing and Advertising: QR codes are widely used in marketing campaigns
to provide quick access to product information, promotional offers, and special deals.
They can be printed on advertisements, posters, flyers, and product packaging to engage
customers and drive sales.
12.2 Mobile Payments: QR codes are used for mobile payment systems, allowing users
to make transactions by scanning a code with their smartphone. Popular mobile
payment apps like Alipay, WeChat Pay, and PayPal utilize QR codes for seamless and
secure transactions.
12.3 Event Ticketing: QR codes are commonly used for event ticketing and access
control. Event organizers can generate unique QR codes for each ticket, which
attendees can scan to gain entry to the event venue.
12.4 Inventory Management: QR codes are used in inventory management systems
to track and manage products throughout the supply chain. Each product can be
assigned a unique QR code containing relevant information such as serial number, batch
number, and location.
12.5 Authentication and Security: QR codes are used for authentication and security
purposes, such as two-factor authentication (2FA) and secure login systems. Users can
scan a QR code displayed on a website or mobile app to verify their identity and gain
access to protected resources.
12.6 Contactless Menus: In restaurants and cafes, QR codes are increasingly being
used to provide contactless menu access. Customers can scan a QR code displayed on
their table to view the menu on their smartphone, reducing the need for physical menus
and minimizing contact with surfaces.
12.7 Education and Training: QR codes are used in educational settings to provide
quick access to supplemental learning materials, online resources, and interactive
content. Teachers and trainers can incorporate QR codes into lesson plans and
presentations to enhance engagement and comprehension.
12.8 Tourism and Sightseeing: QR codes are used in tourism and sightseeing
applications to provide visitors with access to audio guides, maps, historical
information, and other relevant content. Tourist attractions, museums, and landmarks
often feature QR codes at key locations for self-guided tours.

13. FUTURE WORK

The possibilities for attacks proposed o p e n up a quite large held for further
research. The main target lies in the accurate analysis and practical application of one
or more of the outlined attacks on a given target. Furthermore, it should be
investigated which parts of a QR Code are the easiest to attack, and what
countermeasures can be
taken to thwart attacks.
In even more general terms, it would be very interesting to and metrics that can
be used to measure the vulnerability of QR Codes depending on a given type of attack
outline and with respect to characteristics like black/white-distribution, version,
masking, etc. Last but not least, other 2D-Codes such as Aztec or Data Matrix need
to be analyzed in the same way to identify possible attack vectors and find suitable
countermeasures.

14. CONCLUSION
In general, we believe that QR codes have great potential in business media.
Some possibilities are there are many creative ideas waiting for us to explore. We
examine outlined the dangers of possible malicious attacks utilizing manipulated QR
Codes.
Since QR Codes gain increasing popularity through their use for marketing
purposes, we expect that this kind of attack will receive more and more attention by
the hacking community in the future. This paper will present some security conscious
of the mobile phone’s users.

REFERENCES
[1] H. S. Al-Khalifa. Utilizing q code and mobile phones for blinds and visually
impaired people. In ICCHP, pages 1065{1069, 2008.
[2] A. Alapetite. Dynamic 2d-barcodes for multi-device web session migration
including mobile phones. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 14(1):45{52, 2010.
[3] R. Bose and D. Ray-Chaudhuri. On a class of error correcting binary group
codes*. Information and control, 3(1):68{79, 1960.
[4] M. Canadi, W. H• opken, and M. Fuchs. Application of qr codes in online
travel distribution. In ENTER, pages 137{148, 2010.
[5] J. Gao, V. Kulkarni, H. Ranavat, L. Chang, and H. Mei. A 2d barcode-based
mobile payment system. In MUE, pages 320{329, 2009.
[6] J. Z. Gao, L. Prakash, and R. Jagatesan. Understanding 2d-barcode technology
and applications in m-commerce - design and implementation of a 2d barcode
processing solution. In COMPSAC (2), pages 49{56, 2007.
[7] J. Z. Gao, H. Veeraragavathatham, S. Savanur, and J. Xia. A 2d-barcode based
mobile advertising solution. In SEKE, pages 466{472, 2009.
[8] A. Hocquenghem. Codes correcteurs d^a_A _Zerreurs. Chi_res, 2(147-156):4,
1959.
[9] Y.-P. Huang, Y.-T. Chang, and F. E. Sandnes. Ubiquitous information transfer
across different platforms by qr codes. J. Mobile Multimedia, 6(1):3{14, 2010.
[10] ISO 16022:2006. Data Matrix bar code symbology speci_cation. ISO,
Geneva, Switzerland. SA, 2006. IEEE Computer Society.

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QR CODE FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

Fig. No. 1 Working (overview) of QR Code

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 1

Fig. No. 2 Quick Response Code

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 2

Fig. No. 3 I-D Barcodes

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 3

Fig. No. 5 Features and Characteristic of some typical 2-D codes.

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 4

3. HOW THE QR CODE WORKS

Fig. No. 6 Contains Data in QR Code & 2-D matrix code

Fig. No. 7 QR Code Representation

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 5

Fig. No. 8 QR Code Symbol Versions

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 6

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 7

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 8

5. SYSTEM STUDY OF QR CODE GENERATOR

Fig. No. 9 QR Code Generating Software

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 9

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 10

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 11

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 12

7.2 Encryption Algorithms

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 13

Fig. No. 10 Install Required Libraries

Fig. No. 11 Import the Library

Fig. No. 12 Create QR Code Instance

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 14

Fig. No. 13 Add Data to the QR Code

Fig. No. 14 Generate the QR Code

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 15

Fig. No. 15 Create an Image from the QR Code

Fig. No. 16 Save or Display the QR Code

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 16

Fig. No. 17 Generated QR Code

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 17

<img src = "images.jpg" alt="Side Logo" class="side-logo" width="100"

<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="myNavbar">

<section id ='Founder And Chairman' >

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 18

<p><b>Late Dr. Mrs. Fatma Zakaria</b></p>

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 19

seventeen educational institutions. The very first task that Dr.

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 20

Gymnasium & Sports Complex. There is a playground and large multi-

<p>The President of India has conferred on Mrs. Fatma Zakaria, the

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 21

making hard efforts to enhance the quality of infrastructure by

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 22

9.2 Front page CSS: -

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 23

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 24

padding: 12px 15px ;

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9.3 Computer science department page: -

<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="myNavbar">

Dr. Rafiq Zakariya Centre for Higher Learning Page 26

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