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    Lab 1 Chem

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    leed32726

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lab 1 Chem

    Uploaded by

    leed32726
    11 views3 pages

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    lab 1 chem

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    11 views3 pages

    Lab 1 Chem

    Uploaded by

    leed32726

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as odt, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Page # Lab # DD MM YY

    1 1 18 01 24

    Name: Devona Lee

    Title: Physical properties of Ionic and Covalant Substances

    Aim: To determine whether the unknown substance A&B are ionic or Covalant

    Materials/Apparatus: bunsen burner, beakers, test tubes, test tube holder, alcohol,

    distilled water

    Diagram:

    Diagram showing: THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID A&B

    FOR TEACHERS ONLY

    SKILLS ASSESED ORR D M/M A/I P/D


    MARK OBTAINED 10
    Page # Lab # DD MM YY
    1 1 18 01 24

    Procedure:

    1.The appearance of solid A and solid B was described.

    2.Water was added to test tubes containing solid A and solid B and then was shaken and

    observed.

    3.Solid A and solid B was heated and then left to cool down and observed.

    4.Alcohol was added to test tubes containing solid A and solid B and was then shaken

    and observed.

    Observations:

    Solid A appearance was a yellow powder while solid B was a white and thin like salt.

    When water is added to solid A it stayed at the bottom of the test tube and doesn’t appear

    wet. While solid B dissolves and becomes transparent . When solid A is heated it

    becomes like liquid and melt almost immediately but gives off a sewage type of smell,

    while solid B stays the same and gives off a burning smell. When alcohol is added to

    solid A it makes the alcohol foggy but sinks to the bottom, while solid B does nothing

    and stays and the bottom.

    ,Discussion:

    The attractions that hold atoms together are called chemical bonds. Two very important types of

    chemical bonds are covalent bonds, which occur when atoms share electrons, and ionic bonds,

    which occur when electrons are transferred between atoms of opposite charge. Water (H2O), like

    hydrogen fluoride (HF), is a polar covalent molecule. When you look at a diagram of water (see

    Fig. 3-2), you can see that the two hydrogen atoms are not evenly distributed around the oxygen

    FOR TEACHERS ONLY

    SKILLS ASSESED ORR D M/M A/I P/D


    MARK OBTAINED 10
    Page # Lab # DD MM YY
    1 1 18 01 24
    atom. The valence electrons are involved in bonding one atom to another. The attraction of each

    atom's nucleus for the valence electrons of the other atom pulls the atoms together. As the

    attractions bring the atoms together, electrons from each atom are attracted to the nucleus of both

    atoms, which “share” the electrons. Covalent compounds generally have low boiling and melting

    points, and are found in all three physical states at room temperature. Covalent compounds do not

    conduct electricity; this is because covalent compounds do not have charged particles capable of

    transporting electrons. Ionic bonds occur between metals, losing electrons, and nonmetals,

    gaining electrons. Ions with opposite charges will attract one another creating an ionic bond. Such

    bonds are stronger than hydrogen bonds, but similar in strength to covalant bonds Other examples

    of ionic compounds that combine in a ratio of one cation to one anion are sodium chloride (NaCl)

    and potassium iodide (KI). There are few factors that cause the formation of ionic bonds; one of

    them is the large differences in electronegativity of atoms, which attract other atoms for the

    transfer of their electrons. This chemical interaction of electrons creates a strong bonding between

    the atoms as compared to other types of bonds.

    Conclusion:

    In conclusion solid A was Covalant and solid B was Ionic

    Reflection:

    I learnt that you can determine the name or what the substance is depending on how they reaction

    to temperature and different liquids.

    FOR TEACHERS ONLY

    SKILLS ASSESED ORR D M/M A/I P/D


    MARK OBTAINED 10

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