A PROJECT REPORT ON

STUDENT “READY” PROGRAMME -2022-23

PROJECT REPORT
SUBMITTED TO,

MAHATMA PHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH, RAHURI

DISTRICT-AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS)
AGRICULTURE BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
BY,
RATHOD ANIMESH SUNIL
ABMN-2019/028

K. K. WAGH COLLEGE
OF

AGRICULTURE BUSINESS MANAGEMENT,

SARASWATINAGAR,
NASHIK
(Affiliated to M.P.K.V., Rahuri.)
 CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project report entitled “Student Ready Programme (2022-23)”, submitted by me
to K. K. Wagh College of Agriculture Business Management, Nashik. In partial fulfillment of the
requirement of award of the degree of B.Sc.(Hons)ABM is a record of work carried out by me. I further
declare that work reported in this project has not been submitted and will not be submitted either in part
or in full, for the award of any other degree or diploma in this institute or any other institute or university.

Place:Nashik MR. Rathod Animesh Sunil

Date: Reg. No.: ABMN-2019/028

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This project happens to be a great learning experience for me and I believe it will make a
difference to my perspective for business and to my career as well. The project could have
never been completed if not for the salient contribution of many people whom I would like
to mention here.

To start with, it is my pleasure to express my deep gratitude towards Dr.R.R.Nirgude ,

Director of Instruction’s Nominee, and M.P.K.V. Rahuri for guiding under the entire
project.

I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Mr. Nitin Ambadas Dhikale host farmer; Mr.
Harshad Sanjay Gawande owner of Richglebe fertilizer pvt ltd for providing me an
opportunity to complete the Student Ready Programme.

I would like to express my thanks to Prof. P. P. Jagtap, I/c Principal of K. K.Wagh

College of Agriculture Business Management, Nashik and Member ,Student“Ready”
Programme, Prof.P.A.Ghule, coordinator and Prof R. B. Mandre SMS Agribusiness
Student Project Work, Prof. P. K.Makhare, SMS, Rural Awareness Work Experience for
their valuable guidance and encouragement in carrying out this project work. I also wish
to express my gratitude to the staff members of my college who rendered their help during
the entire period of my project work.
And last but not least I would like to thanks my parents and my friends who have supported
me in their little but valuable ways. It gives me great pleasure in expressing my gratitude
and thanks towards all those who have directly or indirectly helped and encouraged me
during this project.

Thanks.

Place:Nashik Mr. Rathod Animesh Sunil

Date: Reg. No.: ABMN-2019/028

LIST OF TABLES

Table Title of table Page No.

No.
2.1 Members of Village Council. 15
2.2 Population of The Village 15
2.3 Demography of The Village 16
2.4 Total House in The Village 16
2.5 Geography of The Village 16
2.6 Community Building 17
2.7 Major Crops Grown in The Village 17
2.8 Infrastructure of The Village 18
2.9 Schemes and Program Implemented by Village 18
3.1 Socio economic information 19
3.2 Information of Host Farmer 19
3.3 Information of The Family Members Including Attached 20
Labors
3.4 Assets of farmer 20
3.5 Source of Irrigation and Area Irrigated 21
3.6 Buildings 21
3.7 Livestock 22
3.8 Formulas 22
3.9 Exiting cropping pattern 23
3.10- Cropping Intensity 23
3.11 Implement and Machinery 24
3.12 Crop wise Depreciation Charges 25
3.13 Fixed Capital 25
3.14 Crop Wise Interest on Fixed Capital 26
3.15 Crop Wise incidental Charges 27
3.16 Crop Wise Land Revenue 28
3.17 Irrigation System/Structure 29
3.18 Irrigation charges 30
3.19 Crop Wise Irrigation Charges 31
3.20 Crop Wise Overhead Cost of Existing Crops 32
3.21 Household Assets 33
3.22 Annual Gross Income 33
3.23 Crop wise inputs used by the host farmer for soyabean 34
3.24 Per hectare cost of cultivation for soyabean 36
3.25 Yield and income measure of soyabean 40
3.26 Crop wise inputs used by the host farmer for wheat 42
3.27 Per hectare cost of cultivation for wheat 44
3.28 Yield and income of wheat 48
3.29 Crop wise inputs used by the host farmer for onion 49
3.30 Per hectare cost of cultivation for onion 51
3.31 Yield and income of onion 55
3.32 Crop wise inputs used by the host farmer for tomato (0.40 Ha) 57
3.33 Per hectare cost of cultivation for tomato (0.40 Ha) 59
3.34 Yield of tomato (0.40 Ha) 63
3.35 Income measures of tomato (0.40 Ha) 63
3.36 Crop wise inputs used by the host farmer for grapes 65
3.37 Per hectare cost of cultivation for grapes 68
3.38 Amortization cost of grapes 73
3.39 Yield of grapes 74
3.40 Analytical tools of grapes 75
4.1 Marketing channel for onion 76
4.2 Price spread of onion 77
4.3 Marketing channel for Tomato 79
4.4 Price spread of tomato 81
SWOT Analysis 82
Summary and Conclusion 83
Photo gallery 84
 A. LIST OF ABBREVIATION

Ha Hectare
No. Number
Sr. No. Serial Number
Rs Rupees
T Tone
Q Quintal
GCA Gross Cropped Area
NCA Net cultivated Area
MMC Machine Maintenance Charges
Qty Quantity
Hrs. Hours
Min Minute
Kg Kilogram
G Gram
Ml Milliliter
L Liter
% Percentage
FBI Farm Business Income
FLI Family Labour Income
NI Net Income
BCR Benefit Cost Ratio
APMC Agriculture Produce Market Committee
AGMARK Agriculture Marketing
 CHAPTER-I
INTRODUCTION
 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Importance of Agricultural Production

The agriculture crop production and management study -
prepare students to operate enterprises producing cereals grain, fiber, forage,
oilseeds, fruits and nuts, vegetables and other plant products and includes
instructions in soil, plant physiology, crop cultivation practices, plant
diseases, pest management, harvesting and marketing. India's economic
security continues to be predicted upon the agriculture sector and the
situation is not likely to change in the foreseeable future. Even now,
agriculture supports 58% of the population, against about 75% at the time of
independence. In the series period, the contribution of agriculture and allied
sector to the gross domestic product (GDP) has fallen from 61 to 19%.
As of today, India supports 16.8% of world's population on
4.2% of world’s water resources and 2.3% of global land. As per capita,
availability of resources is about 4 to 6 times less as compared to world
average. This will decrease further due to increasing demographic pressure
and consequent diversion of the land for non-agriculture uses. (FAO) Around
51 % of India’s geographical area is already under cultivation as compared
to 11 % of the world average. The present cropping intensity of 136 % has
registered an increase of only 25 % since independence. Further, rainfed, dry
lands constitute 65 % of the total net sown area. There is also an
unprecedented degradation of land (107 million ha) and groundwater
resource and fall in the rate of growth of total factor productivity. This
deceleration needs to be arrested and agricultural productivity must be
doubled to meet growing demands of the population by 2050 Efficiency-
mediated improvement in productivity is the most viable option to raise
production. (FAO) Natural resources are based on agriculture, which used
for sustainable production, shrinking and degrading and is adversely
affecting production capacity of the ecosystem. However, demand for
agriculture is rising rapidly with increase in population and per caput income
and growing demand from industry sector. Thus, an urgent need to identify

1
severity of problem confronting agriculture sector to restore its vitality and
put it back on higher growth trajectory.

1.1.1 Economic Growth

Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. Though, with
the growth of other sectors, the overall share of agriculture on GDP of the
country has decreased from 60% to 13%. Still, Agriculture continues to play
a dominant part in the overall economic scenario of India.
1.1.2 Agri-based Industries
Industries that have agricultural produce as raw materials are
known as Agri-based industries, such as jute, cotton, sugar, tobacco, etc. raw
materials for such industries are supplied from agricultural produce. The
department of Agriculture and Co-operation under the ministry of
Agriculture is responsible for the development of the agriculture sector in
India. With small and marginal holdings constituting 85% of the total
holdings, one of the major challenges faced by the Indian economy lies in
enhancing the viability of agriculture, the achievement of which could
significantly improve the growth prospects of the economy. In viability of
agriculture has led to agrarian distress which, in turn, has added to the woes
of farmers. Input levels have to be continuously increased to maintain the
yield at the existing level. This poses a threat to the economic viability and
sustainability of crop production. Therefore, the goal of long-term food
security can be attained only if agriculture is made sustainable through
reforms in agricultural policies and agronomic practices.
1.2 Present Agriculture Scenario
Maharashtra is a key agricultural state accounting for 10.7%
of all agricultural production in the country today. The state leads in the
production of a number of crops including several fruits, vegetables, sugar,
cotton, pulse etc. Agriculture is a major source of income for rural masses
consistently producing large quantities of marketable surplus. It is a major
contributor to state’s economy. Farmers have been quite successful and they
have been consistently producing large quantities of marketable surplus. So
far agriculture has been an economically viable activity in the state.

2
However, in recent days there has been a disturbing trend with stagnation in
prices for form produce, high levels of post- harvest losses and decreasing
farm incomes. Under these circumstances the farmers, like in rest of the
country have very few options but to improve their post-harvest management
practices so that the present high levels of post-harvest losses at 25-30%
could be brought down to a reasonable level of 5% or so. And secondly, they
have to add value through processing to their farm produce for better
remunerative price. These steps can lead to better returns with increased
market demand for agricultural produce and better chances of marketing.
India’s economic security continues to be predicated upon the agriculture
sector, and the situation is not likely to changes in the foreseeable future.
Even now, agriculture supports most of the population. In the same period,
the contribution of agriculture and allied sector to the Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) has fallen from 61-19%. This will decrease further due to
increasing demographic pressure and consequent diversion of the land for
non-agricultural uses. The Agriculture Crop Production and Management
study prepares students to operate enterprises producing cereal grain, fiber,
forage, oilseed, tree fruits and nuts, small fruits, vegetables and other plant
products and includes instruction in soils, plant physiology, crop cultivation
practices, plant diseases, pest management, harvesting and marketing.
Maharashtra is a key agricultural state accounting for 6 to 7% of all
agricultural production in the country. The State leads in the production of a
number of crops including several fruits, vegetables, sugar, cotton, pulses
etc. Around 43% of India’s geographical area is already under cultivation as
compared to 11% of the world average.

1.2.1 Sustainable management of natural resources

Continued degradation of natural resources under intensive
agriculture to attain goal of food sufficiency is one of the reasons for the
declining factor productivity and stagnation in food grains production in the
country. The health of our soils has impaired due to emergence of multi-
nutrient deficiencies and falling of organic carbon levels. The soils are,
generally, not replenished adequately with nutrients removed by crops,

3
particularly micro and secondary nutrients. The wider fertilizer consumption
ratios for many states corroborate nutrients imbalance in soils. The soils are,
presently, operating on a negative nutrients balance of about 10 million tons
per annum. Farmer are restoring to addition of more and more fertilizers to
obtain yields similar to previous years, especially in sugarcane, jowar and
increased inputs are thus adding the production cost; marginalizing net
returns to farmers.
1.2.2 Farm tools and Equipment
Farm Tools and Equipment are needed for timely completion
of various agricultural operations and precise application of inputs, to have
higher productivity and profitability and also to reduce the drudgery of farm
workers including women. 80% of farm holding in India are less than 1 ha
and, source-wise, current power use is 65% mechanical, 21% electricity, 8%
animal and 6% human. Appropriate and selective mechanization is needed
for production agriculture, post-harvest management and value-addition
using a proper blend of conventional and renewable energy sources to
achieve higher income. While mechanization would augment the agricultural
production by 10-15%, post-harvest management could add 5-10% more by
reducing loss

4
 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY:

1. To study the general information of the village and socio economic survey
of the village.

2. To study the input management and cost of cultivation of different crops

of the host farmer.

3. To study the marketing of crops grown by the host farmer.

5
 CHAPTER NO - II
GENERAL INFORMATION OF THE VILLAGE

6
 General Information of the Village

1) Name of Gram panchayat: Pimpri Sayyad, Tal-Nashik, Dist.- Nashik

2) Year of Establishment: 1936

3) Total Number of Member in Village Council – 16

Total Number of Members of Village Council:

Table 2.1: Members of Village Council.

Sr.No Name of the Member Designation

1 Shri.Madhukar Eknath Dhikale Sarpanch
2 Pushpa Ambadas Dhikale Sub-punch
3 Pravin Mukund lokhande Member
4 Mangla Ramnath Dhikale Member
5 Sukhdev fakira Pawar Member
6 Ganesh Yashwant karate Member
7 Bhausaheb Balkrishna Dhikale Member
8 Aarti Raghunath Rajale Member
9 Kiran Sadashiv Dhikale Member
10 Jayshree Dnyaneshwar Jadhav Member
11 Sangita Radsaheb Dhikale Member
12 Lata Dilip Dhikale Member
13 Rajesh Namdev Dhikale Member
14 Sangita Anada Dhikale Member
15 Rahul Shivaji Dhikale member
16 Sindhubai Kailas Potinde Member

7
2.2 Total Population of Village

Sr.No. Gender Total Population

1 Male 5326

2 Female 5027

Total Population 10358

Table No:2.2- Indicates the Total population of village is around 10358. In which 5326
are males and 5027 are females

Table 2.3: Demography of the Village

Sr. No. Family category Total No.

1 APL Families 2618

2 BPL Families 627

Total No. of Families 3245

Table No:2.3- Indicates the Demography of village in which are APL families and 2618
are BPL families. So there are total 769 families in village

Table 2.4:Total house in the village

Sr. No. Particular Numbers

1 No.of Houses 2541
2 Kutcha Houses 350
3 Pakka Houses 2191
4 No.of Wadi / Vasti 9
Total No. of Houses 2616

Table No:2.4- Shows the total houses in the village. There are 2541 houses in the village
in which 350 are Kutcha house, 2191 are pakka house and 09 wadi's.

8
Table 2.5: Geography of the village
Sr. No . Particulars Ha
1 Total Area of Village 1852ha
2 Agriculture Area 1379ha
a)Irrigated Area ha
b)Unirrigated Area ha
3 Gavthan Area 12ha
4 Barren Land 215ha
5 Forest Area 50ha

Table No:2.4- It was observed about the general information of the village agricultural
area, Gavthan area, Barren land , Forest area.

Table 2.6: Community Building

Sr.No. Particulars Numbers
1 Village Panchayat 1
2 Anganwadi 12
3 Z.P. Primary School 5
4 Govt. Hospital 1
5 Private Human Clinics 6
6 Veterinary clinic 1
7 Secondary Schools and Colleges 1

Table No:2.6- Shows the information of community building. There is 1 village

panchayat, 12 Anganwadi, 5 Z.P primary school, 1 Government Hospital, 6 private human
clinic, 1 Veterinary Clinic, 1 sec. School and colleges.

9
Table 2.7: Major Crops Grown in the Village
Sr.No. Types of Crops Name
of Crop
1 Cereals Maize
2 Pulses Soyabean
3 Oilseeds Groundnut, Soybean
4 Flowers Marigold, rose
5 Vegetables Cabbage, tomato , brinjal
6 Fruits Grapes, Pomegranate
7 Spices Coriander ,ginger
8 Cash Crops
9 Fodder Crops Maize
10 Other(If any) -

Table No:2.7- Indicates the major crops grown in the village. which include different
cereals, pulses, oil seeds, flowers, vegetables, fruits, spices, cash crop, fodder crops etc.

Table 2.8: Infrastructure of the village

Sr.No. Particulars Numbers
1 No. of Roads 50
Kutcha 40
Pakka 10
2 Markets 1
3 Financial Institutes 16
4 Temples 35
5 Post Office 1
6 Biogas Plant 1
7 Cooperative Society 2
8 Others if any -

Table No:2.8- Reveals that the infrastructure of the village. Total no. Of roads are 50
(Kutcha 40 and parka 10 ) 16 Financial institutes,35 temples, 1 Post office, 1 biogas plant
10
Table 2.9: Schemes and program implemented by village
Sr.No. Name of Scheme / Program
1 Gharkul yojana
2 Various Agricultural Schemes
3 Rojgar Hami Yojana
4 P.M. kisan yojana
5 Swachhata abhiyan program
6 Green revolution, tree plantation
7 Indira Gandhi awas yojana

Table No:2.9- Shows the different schemes and programs implemented by Village

11
 CHAPTER III
SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY OF FARMER

12
Survey of five farmers in the village of Yedgaon

Land
Sr.no. Farmer Crops cultivated
holding (ha)
Sugarcane Soyabean
1 Sagar S. Dhikale 2
Maize
Grapes ,onion,Tomato,
2 Nitin A. Dhikale 2.2
Wheat ,Soyabean
Tomato,Wheat,
3 Dilip Dhikale 3
Pomogranate
Soyabean , onion ,Tomato
4 Yashwant Pawar 2
Grapes
Maize Tomato
5 Sadashiv Dhikale 1.5
Grapes
Table no.3.1: It was observed about the general information of five farmers according to
their crops cultivates, area and gross income. Yesterday I had collected information of five
farmers, who’s named are as;

1. Sagar S. Dhikale
2. Nitin A. Dhikale
3. Dilip Dhikale
4. Yashwant Pawar
5.Sadashiv Dhikale
From selected farmers, all farmers had less area under cultivated crops and they didn't
utilized land sufficiently. And because of this their gross income was also less. On the
other hand, field management was also poor Except. Mr. Nitin A. Dhikale . Mr. Nitin
A. Dhikale.managed overall field very well utilized with maximum crops cultivation and
suitable cropping pattern. His intelligence and knowledge about Agriculture was good.
He used to adopt Modern Agricultural Practices on his farm. He is Able to Give Me All
Information Which I Need for Time to Time. That’s why I Selected Farmer .Mr. Nitin
A. Dhikale

13
 General Information of Host Farmer
Socio-economic Survey of Farmer
Name of the host farmer: Mr. Nitin Ambadas Dhikale.
Table No 3.2: - Information of farmer
a) Sex-Male/ Female Male
b)Age- (years) 40
c)Education 10th .
d)Category of the host farmer Medium: (2.20)

e)Address Village- Pimpri Sayyad Post- Pimpri

Sayyad
Tahsil- Nashik District- Nashik
Phone No 9922625659

Table no: 3.2: It was observed about the information of Name of host farmer which
includes the sex (male, female), Age, Education of farmer, category of the host farmer,
Address of farmer.

Table No:3.3. Information of the family members

Relation
Sr.
with head
No. Name Gender Age Education Occupation
of family
1 Nitin A. dhikale Male Head 40 10th . farmer

2 Arti .N.Dhikale Female Wife 32 12th --

3 Kasturi .N. Dhikale Female Daughter 13 7th --

4 Triharsh .N. Dhikale Male son 5 Jr.Kg --

5 Rajana.A. Dhikale Female mother 67 7th --

Table No:3.3 it was observed that total 5 members in family as it was a small family
and there were 3 female and 2 male members in family.
14
 Assets of host farmer:

Land:
Area (ha.) Present Value
Sr. Plot / Survey No. Soil Type
(Rs.)
No. Irrigated Un-irrigated

1 1438 1 - Black 1cr

2 1295 1 - Black 1cr

3 1297 0.20 - Black 20,00,000

Table No.3.4 Indicates information about land assets of host farmer. He 2.72 ha owns
total.

Source of Irrigation and Area Irrigated:

Sr.No Source Numbers Area Irrigated (Ha)

4Month 8Month Perennial

1 Well 1 - - 1

2 Cannel 1 1 - -

Table No3.5 Reveals information about sources of irrigation to the land area. It includes
well and cannel . Out of total 2.72 Ha land, 2.72 perennial area was irrigated by well and
cannel as 12 months water availability.

15
Buildings:
Sr. No. Category Type of Year of construction Construction value
Construction (Rs.)

1 Residential House RCC 2020 80,00,000

2 Cattle Byre Kaccha 2015 50000

3 Store Kaccha 2017 45000

Total 80,95,000

Table No:3.6. Indicates building owned by farmer which includes residential house,
store and cattle byre by having purchase value Rs 80,00,000 ,45000 and 50,000
respectively.

Livestock:

Sr. Category Breed No. of animals Present

Value
No.

1. Cows
a) Local cows
i) In Milk Gir 1 50000
ii) Dry Jerssy 1 25000
b) Cross breed cows - -
i) In Milk - - -
ii) Dry - - -

Table No:3.7- Observes that farmer having a livestock with different breeds and cost.
farmer having gir breed of Cow in that 1 is in Milk and 1 are Dry.

16
Table no. 3.8

𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
Junk value = × 10
𝟏𝟎𝟎

𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒−𝐽𝑢𝑛𝑘 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

Depreciation=
𝑈𝑠𝑒𝑓𝑢𝑙 𝐿𝑖𝑓𝑒

Present value=Purchase value-Total Depreciation

Existing Cropping Pattern

Season Crop Variety Area(ha) Yield Per Plot Gross
Main By Income
Product
Soybean JS 335 1.20 36 8 2,59,600
Kharif
tomato Anisha 0.40 170 - 561000
Onion Prashant 0.40 140 - 147000
Rabi
Wheat Ajit 102 1.20 63 - 124000
Perennial Grapes Thomson
0.40 110 -
seedless 363000

Table No.3.9 it was observed that general information of Existing Cropping Pattern
(2021-2022) of host Farmer in that the cropping pattern according the seasons like
Kharif (tomato, Soybean), Rabbi (Wheat, Onion), Perennial (Grapes) Varity of
crops, Area of crops in Ha, Yield of crop and gross income of that crop. The farmer
getting highest gross income from grapes crop which is a perennial crop.

17
Table No: 3.10 Cropping Intensity:

Sr. No 0Particulars Area(Ha)

1 Total Land 2.2

2 Net Cultivated Area 2

3 Non Cultivable land 0.20

4 Gross Cropped Area 3.60

𝐆𝐫𝐨𝐬𝐬 𝐂𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐩𝐞𝐝 𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚

𝐂𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲 = × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝐍𝐞𝐭 𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚

𝟑.𝟔𝟎
= × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟐

= 180%

Interpretation: The Cropping Intensity is Greater than 100 % which shows that land is
well utilized

18
Table No:3.11 Implements and machinery:
Sr. Year of Purchase Value Useful Life
Category No.
No purchased (Rs.) (Years)

A Implement and Equipment

a ) Harrow 1 2009 60,000 25

b ) clod crusher 1 2010 75,000 20

c ) sprayer 1 2014 170,000 17

d) electric motor 1 2005 30,000 25

B Machinery:

a) Tractor 2 2012 310000 25

2014 420000 24

C Hand tools:

Sickle 5 2016 500 5

Axe 1 2018 300 10

Hoe 1 2017 200 5

Spade 2 2018 4 00 5

𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
Junk value = × 10
𝟏𝟎𝟎

𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒−𝐽𝑢𝑛𝑘 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

Depreciation=
𝑈𝑠𝑒𝑓𝑢𝑙 𝐿𝑖𝑓𝑒

Present value=Purchase value-Total Depreciation

19
Crop wise depreciation Charges: 42840

Total Depreciation Charges

𝐂𝐫opwise Depreciation charges = × Plot area
Gross Cropped Area

Table No:3.12 Crop wise Depreciation Charges:

Sr.
Crops Plot Area (ha) Depreciation (Rs.)
No.

1 Soybean 1.20 14280

2 Wheat 1.20 14280

3 Tomato 0.40 4760

4 Onion 0.40 4760

5 Grapes 0.40 4760

Total 3.60 42840

Table No:3.12-Gives the information about Crop wise depreciation charges. Which shows
that sugarcane required higher charge

Table No.3.13 Fixed Capital

Sr. No. Assets Purchase Value (Rs.)

1 Implements and Equipments 2,85,000
2 Machinery 7,80,000
3 Hand tools 1400
Total 10,66,400

Table No:3.13 - Shows the information about fixed capital of host farmer. Which includes
purchased value of implements, Machinery and hand tools .their total value is Rs.10,66
,400.

20
Interest on Fixed Capital

Interest on Fixed Capital @ 10% on Fixed Capital

𝟏𝟎,𝟔𝟔 ,𝟒𝟎𝟎
Interest 𝐨𝐧𝐟𝐢𝐱𝐞𝐝𝐜𝐚𝐩𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐥 = × 𝟏𝟎
𝟏𝟎𝟎

= Rs. 1,06,640

Table No.3.14 Crop Wise Interest on Fixed Capital

Interest on fixed capital

Cropwise interest on fixed capital = × Plot area
Gross Cropped Area

Sr. No. Crops Plot Area (ha) Interest Rate (Rs.)

1 Soybean 1.20 35546.66

2 Wheat 1.20 35546.66

3 Tomato 0.40 11848

4 Onion 0.40 11848

5 Grapes 0.40 11848

Total 3.60 106640

Table No:3.14 - Reveals the information about crop wise interest on fixed capital .

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Table No:3.15 Crop Wise Incidental charges:

Incidental charges: 3214.28

Total incidential charges

Crop wise interest on fixed capital = × Plot are
Gross Cropped Area

Crop Wise Incidental charges:

Sr.No. Crops Plot Area (ha) Incidental charges (Rs)

1 Soybean 1.20 1071.42

2 Wheat 1.20 1071.42

3 Tomato 0.40 357.14

4 Onion 0.40 357.14

5 Grapes 0.40 357.14

Total 3.60 3214.28

Table No:3.15 -Gives information about crop wise Incidental charges. Total incidental
charges are Rs.3214.28.Which are divided into 5 crops.

22
Table No.3.16. Land Revenues:

Total Land Revenues = 2500

Total land revenue

Cropwise interest on land revenue = × Plot Area
Gross Cropped Area

Sr. No. Crops Plot Area (ha) Land Revenue (Rs)

1 Soybean 1.20 833.33

2 Wheat 1.20 833.33

3 Tomato 0.40 288.8

4 Onion 0.40 288.8

5 Grapes 0.40 288.8

Total 3.60 2500

Table No:3.16 -Gives information about crop wise Land revenue . Total Land revenue are
Rs.2500 .Which are divided into 5 crops

23
Table No:3.17 Irrigation Structure (Excluding well and bore well ):

Depreciation Total Year of purchase Useful Junk value Depreciation

value
On No. purchase life (Rs.) (Rs.)
(Rs.)

Well 1 1990 1,15,000 70 2300 2110

Drip 2019 25,000 5 2,500 4,500

Electric
Motor

5HP 1 2002 15,000 20 1,500 675

Pipeline 2006 50,000 20 5,000 2250

Total 205000 11300 9535

Table No:3.17 -Reveals the information of irrigation system. Which shows source of
irrigation .and also include the year of Purchase, useful life, purchase value, junk value,
depreciation and present value. Total Purchase value of irrigation system is Rs.205000.

𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐨𝐧 𝐢𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 = 𝟏𝟎%𝐨𝐟 𝐩𝐮𝐫𝐡𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞

205000
Interest on irrigation structure = × 10
100

𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐨𝐧 𝐢𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 = 𝐑𝐬. 𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟎𝟎.

24
Table No:3.18 Irrigation Charges

Plot No. of
Sr. No. Crops Total Hours
Area(ha) Irrigation

1 Soybean 1.20 2 9

2 Wheat 1.20 9 40

3 Tomato 0.40 9 45

4 Onion 0.40 8 50

5 Grapes 0.40 80 280

Total 3.60 109 424

Table No:3.18 – Reveals the information about the total irrigation hours is 424 hrs. Which
is divided into 5 crops

Total Electricity Bill = Rs. 12000

Minor repair = Rs. 1000
Total hours Utilized = 424 hr.

Crop Wise Irrigation Charges

{Electricity bill + Minor repairs}

Machine Maintenance charge =
Total hours utilized

{𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎+𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎}
= 𝟒𝟐𝟒

Machines Maintenance charge = 30.66 rs

25
 𝐂𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐰𝐢𝐬𝐞 𝐢𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐬
Intereston irrigation structure @ 10%
MMC×Total irrigation hours+[ × Plot area]
Gross cropped area

Table No.3.19 .Crop Wise Irrigation Charges:

Sr. Crops Area(ha) MMC Irrigation Interest on Gross Crop wise
No (Rs) hours Irrigation cropped Irrigation
structure Area(ha) charges
(Rs) (Rs)

1 Soybean 1.20 30.66 9 20500 1.20 7109.27

2 Wheat 1.20 30.66 40 20500 1.20 8059.73

3 Tomato 0.40 30.66 45 20500 0.40 3657.47

4 Onion 0.40 30.66 50 20500 0.40 3810.77

5 Grapes 0.40 30.66 280 20500 0.40 10862.57

Total 3.60 424 3.60 24998.61

Table No:3.19- Observes Crop wise irrigation charges.

26
 CROP WISE OVERHEAD COST:

Table No:3.20 Crop Wise Overhead Cost of existing crops

Sr.No. Crops Area(ha) Crop wise Incidental Interest Irrigation Land
Depreciation Charges on fixed Charge Revenue
capital

1 Soybean 1.20 14280 1071.42 35546.66 7109.27 833.33

2 Wheat 1.20 14280 1071.42 35546.66 8059.73 833.33

3 Tomato 0.40 4760 357.14 11848 3657.47 288.8

4 Onion 0.40 4760 357.14 11848 3810.77 288.8

5 Grapes 0.40 4760 357.14 11848 10862.57 288.8

Total 42840 3214.28 1,06,640 24998.61 2500

3.60

Table No:3.20 - Observe the Crop wise overhead cost .Shows the information about Crop
wise depreciation, incidental charges, interest on fixed capital, land revenue and crop wise
irrigation charges.

27
Table no.-3.21 Household Assets:

Sr. No Particulars Numbers Value (Rs)

1 Two-Wheeler 2 80,000

2 Four-Wheeler 1 3,50,000

3 Television 1 20,000

4 Refrigerator 1 15,000

5 Mixer Cum Grinder 1 5,000

7 Washing machine 1 16000

Table no.-3.21- Indicates all the household assets of the host farmer. He having 2 two-
wheelers and other household appliance including their purchase value.

Annual gross incomes (Previous year)

Sr. No. Source Amount (Rs.)

1 Crops 1454000

2 Livestock 60000

Total 1514000

Table No: 3.22-Shows the information about the Annual gross income of the Farmer
which is about Rs.8,82,300. He earns Rs.822300 from crops and Rs.60000 from livestock.

28
 Crop Wise Input Used By Farmer

1. Soybean (1.20ha)
Table no.3.23 - Crop wise inputs used by the host farmer:

Crop: Soybean Variety: JS-335 Season: Kharif Area: 1.20 ha

Sr. Per Plot Per Hectare

No. Item of Cost Unit Qty. Rate Value (Rs.) Qty. Rate Value (Rs.)

1. Hired Human Labor

A) Male Days 27 300 8100 22.5 300 6750

B) Female Days 30 250 7500 25 250 6250

Contract labor

a) Male

b) Female Acre 3 3800 11400 2.5 3800 9500

2. I) Hired Bullock labor Days - - - - - -

Ii) Owned Bullock labor Days - - - - - -

3. I) Hired Machinery Used Hour

a. Rotary hr. 3 1000 3000 2.5 1000 2500

b. Cultivator acre 3 700 2100 2.5 700 1750

c. Seed drill acre 3 1000 3000 2.5 1000 2500

d. Thresher Quintal 36 420 15120 30 420 12600

Ii) Owned Machinery Used Hour - - - - - -

29
4. I) Seed Purchased Kg. 90 110 9900 75kg 110 8250

Ii) Value of owned seed Rs. - - - - - -

5. Manure Tons - - - - - -

6. Fertilizers - - - - - - -

I Straight - - - - - - -

ii Complex

Dap (Di ammonium

kg 150 27 4050 125 27 3375
phosphate)

10:26:26 (NPK) kg 150 24 3600 125 24 3000

Iv Water-soluble - - - - - - -

7. Insecticides - - - - - - -

200ml/acre
Karate (Lambda Cyhalothrin) 600 0.8 480 500 0.8 400
(ml)

30ml/acre
Coragen (Chlorantraniliprole) 90 18.4 1656 75 18.4 1380
(ml)

I Weedicide - - - - - - -

250ml/200
Persuit (Imazethapyr 10%) 750 0.875 656 625 0.875 546
lit (ml)

Iv Hormonal spray - - - - - - -

8. Irrigation Charges Rs. - - 7109.27 - - 5924.39

9. Incidental Charges Rs. - - 1071.42 - - 892.85

Table No.3.23 -Shows the information about Input used for per plot of Soybean crop by
farmer.

30
 Per hector cost of cultivation

Sr.no Item of cost Unit Qty Rate Value per Value/ha (rs.)
plot
1. Hired Human Labour

A) Male Days 27 300 8100 6750

B) Female Days 30 250 7500 6250

Contract labor

A)male

B)female Acre 3 3800 11400 9500

2. I) Hired Bullock labor Days - - - -

Ii) Owned Bullock labour Days - - - -

3. I) Hired Machinery Used Hour

Rotary hr. 3 1000 3000 2500

Cultivator acre 3 700 2100 1750

Seed drill acre 3 1000 3000 2500

Thresher Qunital 36 420 15120 12600

Ii) Owned Machinery Hour - - - -

Used

4. I) Seed Purchased Kg. 90 110 9900 8250

31
 Ii) Value of owned seed Rs. - - - -

5. Manure Tons - - - -

6. Fertilizers - - - - -

I Straight - - - - -

Ii Mixed - - - - -

Iii Complex

Dap (Diammonium kg 150 27 4050 3375

phosphate)

10:26:26 (NPK) kg 150 24 3600 3000

Iv Water-soluble - - - - -

V Micronutrient - - - - -

7. Insecticides - - - - -

Karate 200ml/acre
600 0.8 480 400
(Lambda Cyhalothrin) (ml)

Coragen 30ml/acre
90 18.4 1656 1380
(Chlorantraniliprole) (ml)

I Pesticides - - - - -

Ii Fungicide - - - - -

Iii Weedicide - - - - -

32
 Persuit 250ml/200
750 0.875 656 546
(Imazethapyr 10%) lit (ml)

8. Irrigation Charges Rs. - - 7109.27 5924.39

9. Incidental Charges Rs. - - 1071.42 892.85

Total Working Capital

10 Rs. - - 78742.69 65618.90
( 1 to 9 )

11 Interest on working Rs. - - 3149.70 2624.75

Capital

12 Total operation cost 81892.39 68243.65

(10+11)

13 Land revenue and other 833.33 694.44

cesses

Depreciation on
14 14280 11900
implement ,machinery,
building

15 1/6 of gross return 43266.66 36055.55

16 Interest on fixed capital 35546.66 29622.21

17 Total fixed cost 93926.65 78272.20

18 Total cost (12+17) 175819.04 146515.86

19 Total operation cost 81892.39 68243.65

(10+11)

Land revenue and other

20 833.33 694.44
cesses

33
 Depreciation on
21 implement ,machinery, 14280 11900
building

22 COST A1 (19+20+21) Rs. - - 97005.72 80838.1

23 Rent paid for leased land Rs. - - 0 0

24 COST A2 (22+23) Rs. - - 97005.72 80838.1

Interest on Fixed Capital

25 Rs. - - 35546.66 29622.21
(10%)

26 1/6 of gross return 43266.66 36055.5

27 Amortization value Rs. - - 0 0

28 COST B1 Rs. - - 175819.04 146515.86

(22+25+26+27)

Rental value of land – land

29 Rs. - - 42433.33 35361.10
revenue (26-20)

30 COST B2 (28+29+23) Rs. - - 218252.37 181876.97

Imputed Value Of Family

31 Rs. - - 5000 4166.66
Labour

Supervision charge (10%)

32 9700.5 8083.75
of cost A

33 COST C1 (28+31+32) Rs. - - 190519.54 158766.28

34 COST C2 Rs. - - 232952.87 194127.39

Table No.3.24-Gives the information about the per hector cost of cultivation .it include all
the cost i.e. Cost A1, Cost A2, Cost B1, Cost B2, Cost C1, Cost C2
34
 YIELD:

Table no.3.25 Yield of Soybean:

Value Value
Sr.No Item of Yield Unit Quantity Rate
(Rs/plot) (Rs/ha)

1 Main Product Quintal 36 7100 255600 639000

2 By Product Quintal 8 500 4000 10000

Gross Income 2,59,600 6,49,000

Table no.3.25 reveals the information about the Yield and value of the produce. Total
Gross income of Soybean is 2,59,000

35
 Analytical tools or estimated income measures used

Sr. No. Particulars Formula Solution

259000-97005.72
1 Farm business income Gross Income – CostA1orCostA2
=Rs. 161994.28

259000- 218252.37
2 Family labour income Gross Income – CostB1orCostB2
=Rs. 40747.63

Farm investment FBI-Imputed Value of Family 40747.63 -5000

3 income labour =Rs. 35747.63

259000-232952.87
4 Net income GrossIncome - CostC1orCostC2
=Rs. 26047.13

259000 /232952.87
B.C. Ratio Gross Income / CostC2
5 = 1.11

Per Quintal cost of Cost C1 or CostC2-Value of by 232952.87-4000/36

6 production Product / Yield in (qtl) = 6359.80

Per hectare cost of 232952.87-4000/1.20

7 CostC1 or CostC2 / Area(ha)
production =Rs.190794.05

36
 2. Wheat (1.20ha)-

Table no.3.26 Crop wise inputs used by the host farmer:

Crop: Wheat Variety: ajit Season: Rabi Area: 1.20 ha

Per Plot Per Hectare

Sr.
Value Value
No. Item of Cost Unit Qty. Rate Qty. Rate
(Rs.) (Rs.)

1. Hired human labour

A) Male Days 12 300 3600 10 300 3000

B) Female Days 20 250 5000 16.66 250 4166.66

Contract labour

c) Male

d) Female

2. I) Hired Bullock labour Days - - - - - -

Ii) Owned Bullock labour Days - - - - - -

3. I) Hired machinery used Hour

Rotary Hour 3 1000 3000 2.5 hr. 1000 2500

Seed drill acre 3 700 2100 2.5 acre 700 1750

Harvester acre 3 1700 5100 2.5 acre 1700 4250

Ii) Owned Machinery Used Hour - - - - - -

4. I) Seed purchased Kg. 120 83.33 10000 100kg 83.33 8333.33

Ii) Value of owned seed Rs. - - - - - -

37
5. Manure Tons - - - - - -

6. Fertilizers - - - - - - -

I Straight - - - - - - -

Urea kg 150 8.4 1260 125kg 8.4 1050

Ii Mixed - - - - - - -

Iii Complex

Dap kg 50 27 1350 41.65kg 27 1124

Iv Water-soluble - - - - - - -

V Micronutrient - - - - - - -

7. Insecticides - - - - - - -

Hamala -550 400ml/acre

(chlophriphos50%+Cypermet 1200 0.8 960 1000 ml 0.8 800
hrin 5%) (ml)

I Pesticides - - - - - - -

Ii Fungicide - - - - - - -

M-45 (Mancozeb 75% wp) gm 200 0.70 140 625 gm 0.70 116.66

Iii Weedicide - - - - - - -

Weedmer super
Iv ml 1100 0.759 835 - 0.759 695
(2,4 amine salt 58%sl)

8. Irrigation charges Rs. - - 8059.73 - - 6716.44

9. Incidental charges Rs. - - 1071.42 - - 892.85

Table No.3.26 -Shows the information about Input used for per plot of Wheat crop by
farme
38
 Per hector cost of cultivation

Value per Value (rs) /

Sr.no Item of cost Unit Qty Rate
plot ha

1. Hired human labour

A) Male 12 300 3600 12 3000

B) Female 20 250 5000 20 4166.66

Contract labour

Male

Female

2. I) Hired Bullock labour - - - - -

Ii) Owned Bullock labour - - - - -

3. I) Hired machinery used

Rotary 3 1000 3000 3 2500

Seed drill 3 700 2100 3 1750

Harvester 3 1700 5100 3 4250

Ii) Owned Machinery Used - - - - -

4. I) Seed purchased 120 83.33 10000 120 8333.33

Ii) Value of owned seed - - - - -

39
5. Manure - - - - -

6. Fertilizers - - - - -

I Straight - - - - -

Urea 150 8.4 1260 150 1050

Ii Mixed - - - - -

Iii Complex

Dap 50 27 1350 50 1124

Iv Water-soluble - - - - -

V Micronutrient - - - - -

7. Insecticides - - - - -

Hamala -550
(chlophriphos50%+Cypermet 1200 0.8 960 1200 800
hrin 5%)

I Pesticides - - - - -

Ii Fungicide - - - - -

M-45 (Mancozeb 75% wp) 200 0.70 140 200 116.66

Iii Weedicide - - - - -

Iv Weedmer super 1100 0.759 835 1100 695

40
 (2,4 amine salt 58%sl)

V Other - - - - -

8. Irrigation charges - - 8059.73 - 6716.44

9. Incidental charges - - 1071.42 - 892.85

Total working capital

10 Rs. - - 42476.15 35396.79
( 1 to 9 )

11 Interest on working capital Rs. - - 1699.04 1415.86

12 Total operation cost (10+11) 44175.19 36812.65

13 Land revenue and other cesses 833.33 694.44

Depreciation on implement
14 14280 11900
,machinery, building

15 1/6 of gross return 20666.66 17222.22

16 Interest on fixed capital 35546.66 29622.21

17 Total fixed cost 71326.65 59438.87

18 Total cost (12+17) 115501.84 96251.53

19 Total operation cost 44175.19 36812.65

20 Land revenue and other cesses 833.33 694.44

41
 Depreciation on implement
21 14280 11900
,machinery, building

22 Cost A1 (19+20+21) Rs. - - 59288.52 49407.1

23 Rent paid for leased land Rs. - - 0 0

24 Cost A2 (22+23) Rs. - - 59288.52 49407.1

25 Interest on fixed capital (10%) Rs. - - 35546.66 29622.21

26 1/6 of gross return 20666.66 17222.21

27 Amortization value Rs. - - 0 0

28 Cost B1 (22+25+26+27) Rs. - - 1,15,501.84 96251.53

Rental value of land – land

29 Rs. - - 19833.33 16527.77
revenue (26-20)

30 Cost B2 (28+29+23) Rs. - - 135335.17 112779.30

31 Imputed value of family labour Rs. - - 500 416.6

Supervision charge (10%) of

32 5928.8 4940.66
cost a

33 Cost C1 (28+31+32) Rs. - - 121930.64

101608.86

34 Cost C2 (30+31+32) Rs. - - 141763.97

118136.64

Table No.3.27 - Gives the information about the per hector cost of cultivation .it include
all the cost i.e. Cost A1, Cost A2, Cost B1, Cost B2, Cost C1, Cost C2
42
 Yield:

Table no.3.28 Yield of:

Item of Value
Sr No Unit Quantity Rate Value (Rs/ha)
Yield (Rs/plot)

Main
1 Quintal 62 2000 124000 103333.33
Product

Gross Income 124000 103333.33

Table no.3.28 reveals the information about the Yield and value of the produce. Total
Gross income of Wheat is 124000.

43
 Analytical tools or estimated income measures used

Sr. No. Particulars Formula Solution

124000-59288.52
1 Farm business Gross Income – CostA1orCostA2
income =Rs. 64711.48

124000-115501.84
2 Family labour Gross Income – CostB1orCostB2
income =Rs. 8498.16

64711.48 -500
Farm investment FBI-Imputed Value of Family labour
3 income =Rs. 64211.48

124000-121930.64
4 gross Income - CostC1orCostC2
Net income
=Rs.2069.36

124000 /121930.64
Gross Income / CostC1orCostC2
B.C. Ratio
5 = 1.017

Cost C1 or CostC2-Value of by 121930.64-0/62

Per Quintal cost of
6 production Product / Yield in (qtl) = 1966.62

121930.64-0/1.20
7 Per hectare cost of CostC1 or CostC2 / Area(ha)
production =Rs.101608.86

44
 3. Onion (0.40 ha)-

Crop: onion Variety: Prashant Season: Rabi Area: 0.40 ha

Table no.3.29 Crop wise inputs used by the host farmer:

Sr. Per Plot Per Hectare

No. Item of Cost Unit Qty. Rate Value(Rs.) Qty. Rate Value(Rs.)

1. Hired Human Labour

a) Male Days 30 300 9000 75 300 22500

b) Female Days 62 250 15500 155 250 38750

Contract labour

Male

Female

2. i) Hired Bullock labour Days - - - - - -

ii) Owned Bullock labour Days - - - - - -

3. i) Hired Machinery Used Hour

a.rotary Hour 1 1250 1250 2.5 1250 3125

b. cultivator acre 1 700 700 2.5 700 1750

ii) Owned Machinery Used Hour - - - - - -

4. i) Seed Purchased kg 3 2500 7500 7.5 2500 18750

ii) Value of owned seed Rs. - - - - - -

6. Fertilizers - - - - - - -

45
i Straight - - -

Sulphur kg 25 80 2000 62.5 80 5000

ii Mixed - - - - - -

iii Complex

10:26:26 kg 100 24 2400 250 24 6000

20:20:0:13 Kg 100 26 2600 250 26 6500

iv Water-soluble - - - - - - -

v Micronutrient - - - - - - -

7. Insecticides - -

Karate
ml 250 0.8 200 750 0.8 500
(Lambda Cyhalothrin)

Decis
ml 60 2 120 150 2 300
(Deltamethrin 2.8 EC)

Regeant (Fipronil) ml 250 1.4 350 750 1.4 875

i Fungicide - - -

Saaf ( Carbendazim 12% +

gm. 250 0.7 175 625 0.7 437.5
Mancozeb 63% WP)

Carbriotop (Metiram 55% +

gm. 600 2.33 1400 1500 2.33 3500
Pyraclostrobin 5%)

i Weedicide - -

Goal
ml 180 2.8 504 450 2.8 1260
(Oxyfluorfen 33.6% Ec)

46
 Terga ( Qunizalofop ethyl
ml 260 1.8 468 650 1.8 1170
5%)

iv Hormonal spray - -

v Lihocin (Chlormequat ml 200 1.2 240 500 1.2 600

Chloride)

8. Irrigation Charges Rs. - - 3810.77 - 9526.92

9. Incidental Charges Rs. - - 357.14 - 892.85

Table No.3.29 -Shows the information about Input used for per plot Of onion crop by
farmer.

47
 Per hector cost of cultivation

Sr. Value(Rs.)/
Unit Qty Rate Value per
No. Item of Cost plot ha

1. Hired Human Labour

a) Male Days 30 300 9000 22500

b) Female Days 62 250 15500 38750

Contract labour

e) Male

f) Female

2. i) Hired Bullock labour Days - - - -

ii) Owned Bullock labour Days - - - -

3. i) Hired Machinery Used Hour

a.Rotary Hour 1 1250 1250 3125

b. Cultivator acre 1 700 700 1750

ii) Owned Machinery Used Hour - - - -

4. i) Seed Purchased kg 3 2500 7500 18750

ii) Value of owned seed Rs. - - - -

48
6. Fertilizers - - - - -

i Straight - -

Sulphur kg 25 80 2000 5000

ii Mixed - - - -

iii Complex

10:26:26 kg 100 24 2400 6000

20:20:0:13 Kg 100 26 2600 6500

iv Water-soluble - - - - -

v Micronutrient - - - - -

7. Insecticides -

Karate (Lambda Cyhalothrin) ml 250 0.8 200 500

Decis (Deltamethrin 2.8 EC) ml 60 2 120 300

Regeant (Fipronil) ml 250 1.4 350 875

i Pesticides - - - - -

ii Fungicide - -

Saaf
gm 250 0.7 175 437.5
( Carbendazim 12% +
Mancozeb 63% WP)

49
 Carbriotop (Metiram 55% +
gm 600 2.33 1400 3500
Pyraclostrobin 5%)

iii Weedicide -

Goal (Oxyfluorfen 33.6% Ec) ml 180 2.8 504 1260

Terga ( Qunizalofop ethyl 5%) ml 260 1.8 468 1170

Hormonal spray -

Lihocin (Chlormequat
ml 200 1.2 240 600
Chloride)

8. Irrigation Charges Rs. - - 3810.77 9526.92

9. Incidental Charges Rs. - - 357.14 892.85

Total Working Capital

10 Rs. - - 48574.91 121437.27
(1 to 9)

11 Interest on working Capital Rs. - - 2914.49 7286.22

12 Total operation cost (10+11) 51489.40 128723.5

13 Land revenue and other cesses 288.8 722

Depreciation on implement
14 4760 11900
,machinery, building

15 1/6 of gross return 24500 61250

16 Interest on fixed capital 11848.88 29622.22

50
17 Total fixed cost 41397.68 103494.2

18 Total cost (12+17) 92887.08 232217.7

19 Total operation cost (10+11) 51489.40 128723.5

20 Land revenue and other cesses 288.8 722

Depreciation on implement
21 4760 11900
,machinery, building

22 COST A1 (19+20+21) Rs. - - 56538.2 141345.5

23 Rent paid for leased land Rs. - - 0 0

24 COST A2 (22+23) Rs. - - 56538.2 141345.5

Interest on Fixed Capital

25 Rs. - - 11848.88 29622.22
(10%)

26 1/6 of gross return 24500 61250

27 Amortization value Rs. - - 0 0

28 COST B1 (22+25+26+27) Rs. - - 92887.08 232217.7

Rental value of land – land

29 Rs. - - 24211.2 60528
revenue (26-20)

30 COST B2 (28+29+23) Rs. - - 117098.28 292745.5

Imputed Value Of Family

31 Rs. - - 5000 12500
Labour

51
 Supervision charge (10%) of
32 5653.8 14134.5
cost A

33 COST C1 (28+31+32) Rs. - - 103540.88 258858.2

34 COST C2 (30+31+32) Rs. - - 127752.08 319380.2

Table No.3.30 -Gives the information about the per hector cost of cultivation .it include
all the cost i.e. Cost A1, Cost A2, Cost B1, Cost B2, Cost C1, Cost C2

Yield:
Table no.3.31 Yield of onion

Sr. Item of Value

Unit Quantity Rate Value (Rs/ha)
No Yield (Rs/plot)

1 Main Product Quintal 140 1050 147000 367500

Gross Income 147000 367500

Table no.3.31 reveals the information about the Yield and value of the produce. TotaL
Gross income of Onion is 147000

52
 Analytical tools or estimated income measures used

Sr.
Particulars Formula Solution
No.

Farm business 147000-56538.2

1 Gross Income -CostA1orCostA2
income =Rs. 90461.8

Family labour 147000 -117098.28

2 Gross Income – CostB1orCostB2
income = Rs. 29901.72

Farm investment FBI-Imputed Value of Family 90461.8-5000

3
income labour =Rs. 85461.8

147000 -127752.08
4 Net income GrossIncome-CostC1orCostC2
=Rs. 19247.92

147000 / 127752.08
5 B.C. Ratio gross Income/CostC1orCostC2
= 1.15

Per Quintal cost of Cost C1 or CostC2-Value of by 127752.08-0/140

6
production Product / Yield in (qtl.) = 912.51

Per hectare cost of 127752.08-0/0.40

7 CostC1 or CostC2 / Area(ha)
production = Rs 319380.2

53
 4. Tomato (0.40ha)

Crop: Tomato Variety: Anisha Season: Kharif Area: 0.40 ha

Table No.3.32

Per Plot Per Hectare

Sr. Item of Cost Unit

Qty. Rate Value(Rs.) Qty. Rate Value(Rs.)
No.

1. i)Hired

Human Labour

a) Male Days 60 300 18000 150 300 45000

b) Female Days 100 250 25000 250 250 62500

i) Owned Machinery
2
Used Hour

Hired machinery used Hour

A, Cultivator Hour 1 700 700 2.5 700 1750

b. Rotary Hour 1 1000 1000 2.5 1000 2500

c. Bed formation Hour 1 1300 1300 2.5 1300 3250

Seedli
5000 1 5000 1 12500
3. Seedling Purchased ng 12500

4. Manure Tons 2 1000 2000 5 1000 5000

54
5. A) Fertilizers

Straight

Mixed

Complex

10.26.26 Kg. 50 24 10.26.26 125 24 3000

18.46:00 Kg. 100 21 18.46:00 250 21 5250

Water Soluble

12:61:00 Kg. 5 70 350 12.5 70 875

19.19.19 Kg 5 240 1200 12.5 240 3000

0.52.34 kg 3 300 900 7.5 300 2250

Micronutrient kg 10 250 2500 25 250 6250

6. B) Insecticides

Karate 0.8 160 500 0.8 400

Ml
(Lambda Cyhalothrin ) 200

Benevia 1383 375 3457.5

ml
( Cyantraniliprole ) 150 9.22 9.22

Actra gm 150 2400 360 375 2400 900

( Thiamethoxam 25%)

7 Pesticide

Premise (methoxy) ml. 150 2.25 337.5 375 2.25 843.75

55
 Fungicide

m-45 gm
200 0.5 100 500 0.5 250
(Mancozeb 75% WP)

Hormonal spray

Bio zyme ml. 100 1 100 250 1 250

8 Irrigation charges Rs 3657.47 9143.67

9 Incidental charges rs 357.14 892.85

Table No.3.32 -Shows the information about Input used for per plot Of tomato crop by
farmer.

56
 Per hector cost of cultivation

Per Plot Per hector

Sr. Item of Cost Unit
Qty. Rate Value (Rs.) Value (Rs.)
No.

1. i)Hired Human Labour

a) Male Days 60 300 18000 45000

b) Female Days 100 250 25000 62500

i)Owned Machinery Hour

2
Used

Hired machinery used Hour

A, Cultivator Hour 1 700 700 1750

b. Rotary Hour 1 1000 1000 2500

c. Bed formation Hour 1 1300 1300 3250

3. Seedling Purchased Seedling 5000 1 5000 12500

4. Manure Tons 2 1000 2000 5000

5. A) Fertilizers

Straight - - - - -

Complex

10.26.26 Kg. 50 24 10.26.26 3000

18.46 Kg. 100 21 18.46:00 5250

57
 Water Soluble

12.61 Kg. 5 70 350 875

19.19.19 Kg 5 240 1200 3000

0.52.34 kg 3 300 900 2250

Micronutrient kg 10 250 2500 6250

6. B) Insecticides

Karate Ml 200 0.8 160 400

benevia ml 150 9.22 1383 3457.5

Actra gm 150 2400 360 900

7 Pesticide

Beneva ml. 150 2.25 337.5 843.75

Fungicide

m-45 gm 200 0.5 100 250

Hormonal spray

Bio zyme ml. 100 1 100 250

8 Irrigation charges Rs 3657.47 9143.67

9 Incidental charges rs 357.14 892.85

Total Working Capital Rs. 67705.11 169262.77

10. (Totalof1to9)

Interest on Working Rs. 4062.30 10155.75

11. Capital @prevailing

58
 bank Rate for full Crop
Period

Total Operational Cost Rs. 71767.41 179418.52

12.
(10+11)

Land Revenue & Other Rs. 288.8 722

13.
cesses

Depreciation On
Implements, Machinery Rs. 4760 11900
14.
& Building

15. Rental Value of land Rs. 93500 233750

1/6thofgross Return

16. Interest on Fixed Capital Rs. 11848.88 29622.22

17. Total Fixed Cost Rs. 110397.68 275994.2

18. Total Cost(12+17) Rs. 182165.09 455412.72

19. Total Operational Cost Rs. 71767.41 179418.52

Land Revenue & Other Rs. 288.8 722

20. cesses

Depreciation on
Implements Rs. 4760 11900
21. &Machinery

22. Cost A1(19+20+21) Rs. 76816.21 192040.52

23. Rent Paid for Leased in Rs. - -

Land

24. CostA2(22+23) Rs. 76816.21 192040.52

59
 Interest on Fixed
25. Capital Excluding land 11848.88 29622.2
(10% on Fixed Rs.
Investment)

Rental Value of
26. Owned land Rs. 93500 233750
(1/6thofgross Return)

Amortization Value in
27. Rs. - -
Case of Fruit Crops

28. Cost B1(22+25+26+27) Rs. 182165.09 455412.72

Rental Value of Owned

29. land - Land Revenue Rs. 93211.2 233028
&Other cesses (26-20)

30. CostB2(28+29+23) Rs. 275376.29 688440.72

Imputed Value of
31. 10000 25000
Family Labour.

32. Supervision Charges Rs. 7681.6 19204

(10% of Cost A)

33. Cost C1(28+31+32) Rs. 199846.69 499616.72

34. CostC2(30+31+32) Rs. 293057.89 732644.72

Table No.3.33 -Gives the information about the per hector cost of cultivation .it include
all the cost i.e. Cost A1, Cost A2, Cost B1, Cost B2, Cost C1, Cost C2

60
 Yield of Tomato :

Table 3.34

Per Plot
Sr. No. Item Unit Per Hectare
Qty. Rate Value (Rs.)

1. Main Product QUINTAL 170 3300 561000 1402500

2. By Product - - - - -

Gross Income 561000 1402500

Table no.3.34 reveals the information about the Yield and value of the produce. Total
Gross income of tomato is 561000

61
 Analytical tools or estimated income measures used

Table 3.35

Sr. No. Particulars Formula Solution

561000-76816.21
1 Farm business income Gross Income – CostA1orCostA2
=Rs. 484183.79
561000 - 275376.29
2 Family labour income Gross Income – CostB1orCostB2
=Rs. 285623.71
FBI-Imputed Value of Family 484183.79-10000
Farm investment income
3 labour =Rs. 474183.79
561000 -293057.89
4 Net income GrossIncome-CostC1orCostC2
=Rs. 267942.11

561000 /293057.89
5 B.C. Ratio Gross Income/CostC1orCostC2 = 1.91

Per Quintal cost of Cost C1 or CostC2-Value of by 293057.89-0/170

6 production Product / Yield in (qtl.) = 1723.86

293057.89/0.40
7 Per hectare cost of CostC1 or CostC2 / Area(ha)
production =Rs. 732644.72

62
 5. Grapes (0.40ha)
Crop: Grapes Variety: Thomson Seedless Season: perennial Area: 0.40 ha
Table No.3.36

Per Plot Per Hectare

Sr.
Value
No. Item of Cost Unit Qty. Rate Value(Rs.) Qty. Rate
(Rs.)

1. Hired Human Labour

Male Days 80 300 24000 112 300 33600

b) Female Days 170 250 42500 140 250 35000

Contract labour

a) male

b) female

2. i) Hired Bullock labour Days - - - - - -

ii) Owned Bullock labour Days - - - - - -

3. i) Hired Machinery Used Hour 5 600 3000 12.5 600 7500

ii) Owned Machinery Used Hour 50 150 7500 125 150 18750

4. i) Seed Purchased Kg. - - - - - -

ii) Value of owned seed Rs. - - - - - -

5. Manure Tons 10 1500 15000 25 1500 37500

6. Fertilizers - - - - - - -

i Straight - - - - - - -

ii Mixed - - - - - -

63
iii Complex

10:26:26 (NPK) Kg 100 25 2500 250 25 6250

Ssp (single super phosphate ) Kg 200 16 3200 500 16 8000

iv Water-soluble - - - - - - -

0:52:34 Potassium phosphate kg 25 120 3000 62.5 120 7500

19:19:19 NPK kg 25 20 500 62.5 20 2500

12:61:00 (mono ammonium kg 15 350 5250 37.5 350 13125

phosphate)
Phosphoric acid lit 20 175 3500 50 175 8750

v Micronutrient kg 53 10 530 132.5 10 1325

7. Insecticides - - - - - - -

600ml/acre
Karate (Lambda 600 0.8 480 1500 0.8 1200
Cyhalothrin) (ml)

400ml/acre
Movento (Spirotetramat 400 1.6 640 1000 1.6 1600
11.01% + Imidacloprid ) (ml)

Actara (Thiamethoxam 25%) gm 80 2.8 224 200 2.8 560

Proclaim gm 80 5.8 464 200 5.8 1160

(Emamectin Benzoat 5%SG)
Imida ml 480 0.7 336 1200 0.7 840

Nuvan ml 400 0.85 340 1000 0.85 850

ii Fungicide - - - - - - -

Antracol ( propineb 70% wp) gm 800 0.56 448 2000 0.56 1120

M-45 (Mancozeb 75 % wp) Kg 1.2 700 840 3 700 2100

64
 Sanchar -40 (Potassium salt
ml 800 0.5 400 2000 0.5 1000
of phosphoric acid )

Blue copper ( Copper

gm 1200 0.55 660 3000 0.55 1650
oxycholoride 50% wp)

Cuman – L ( ziram 27% sc) ml 800 0.45 360 2000 0.45 900

iii Weedicide - - - - - - -

Gladasta (Glyphosate 41% ) ml 800 0.35 280 2000 0.35 700

Safaya ( Carbendazim 12%

ml 1000 1.2 1200 2500 1.2 3000
and Mancozeb 63%)

iv Hormonal spray - - - - - - -

GA gm 170 20 3400 425 20 8500

Cppu ml 800 1.2 960 2000 1.2 2400

8. Irrigation Charges Rs. - - 10862.57 - - 13121.3

9. Incidental Charges Rs. - - 357.14 - - 892.85

Table No.3.36 -Shows the information about Input used for per plot Of grapes crop by
farmer.

65
 Per Hectare Cost of cultivation

Table No.3.37

Sr. Value per

Unit Qty Rate Value(Rs.)
No. Item of Cost plot

1. Hired Human Labour

Male Days 80 300 24000 33600

b) Female Days 170 250 42500 35000

Contract labour

c) male

d) female

2. i) Hired Bullock labour Days - - - -

ii) Owned Bullock labour Days - - - -

3. i) Hired Machinery Used Hour 5 600 3000 7500

ii) Owned Machinery Used Hour 50 150 7500 18750

4. i) Seed Purchased Kg. - - - -

ii) Value of owned seed Rs. - - - -

5. Manure Tons 10 1500 15000 37500

6. Fertilizers - - - - -

66
i Straight - - - - -

ii Mixed - - - -

iii Complex

10:26:26 (NPK) Kg 100 25 2500 6250

Ssp (single super phosphate ) Kg 200 16 3200 8000

iv Water-soluble - - - - -

0:52:34 Potassium phosphate kg 25 120 3000 7500

19:19:19 NPK kg 25 20 500 2500

12:61:00 (mono ammonium

kg 15 350 5250 13125
phosphate)

Phosphoric acid lit 20 175 3500 8750

v Micronutrient kg 53 10 530 1325

7. Insecticides - - - - -

600ml/
Karate (Lambda Cyhalothrin ) 600 0.8 480 1200
acre

Movento (Spirotetramat 400ml/

400 1.6 640 1600
11.01% + Imidacloprid acre
11.01%)

Actara (Thiamethoxam 25%) gm 80 2.8 224 560

67
 Proclaim (Emamectin Benzoat
gm 80 5.8 464 1160
5%SG)

Imida ml 480 0.7 336 840

Nuvan ml 400 0.85 340 850

ii Fungicide - - - - -

Antracol ( propineb 70% wp) gm 800 0.56 448 1120

M-45 (Mancozeb 75 % wp) Kg 1.2 700 840 2100

Sanchar -40 (Potassium salt of

ml 800 0.5 400 1000
phosphonic acid )

Blue copper ( Copper gm 1200 0.55 660 1650

oxycholoride 50% wp)

Cuman – L ( ziram 27% sc) ml 800 0.45 360 900

iii Weedicide - - - - -

Gladasta (Glyphosate 41% sl ) ml 800 0.35 280 700

Safaya ( Carbendazim 12% ml 1000 1.2 1200 3000

and Mancozeb 63%)

iv Hormonal spray - - - - -

GA gm 170 20 3400 8500

Cppu ml 800 1.2 960 2400

8. Irrigation Charges Rs. - - 10862.57 13121.3

68
9. Incidental Charges Rs. - - 357.14 892.85

Total Working Capital

10 Rs. - - 132731.71 331829.27
( 1 to 9 )

11 Interest on working Capital Rs. - - 15927.80 39819.5

12 Total operation cost (10+11) 148659.51 371648.77

13 Land revenue and other cesses 288.8 722

14 Depreciation on implement 4760 11900

,machinery,building

15 1/6 of gross return 60211.2 150528

16 Interest on fixed capital 11848.8 29622

17 Total fixed cost 77108.8 192772

18 Total cost (12+17) 225768.31 564420.77

19 Total operation cost (10+11) 148659.51 371648.775

20 Land revenue and other cesses 288.8 722

21 Depreciation on implement 4760 11900

,machinery,building

22 COST A1 (19+20+21) Rs. - - 153708.31 384270.77

23 Rent paid for leased land Rs. - - 0 0

24 COST A2 (22+23) Rs. - - 153708.31 384270.77

69
25 Interest on Fixed Capital Rs. - - 11848.8 29622.
(10%)

26 1/6 of gross return 60211.2 150528

27 Amortization value Rs. - - 14440.8 36102

28 COST B1 (22+25+26+27) Rs. - - 240209.11 600522.75

29 Rental value of land – land Rs. - - 59922.4 149806

revenue (26-20)

30 COST B2 (28+29+23) Rs. - - 300131.51 750328.775

Imputed Value Of Family

31 Rs. - - 15000 37500
Labour

32 Supervision charge (10%) of 15370.83 38427.07

cost A

33 COST C1 (28+31+32) Rs. - - 270579.94 676449.85

34 COST C2 (30+31+32) Rs. - - 330502.34 826255.85

Table No.3.37 -Gives the information about the per hector cost of cultivation .it include
all the cost i.e. Cost A1, Cost A2, Cost B1, Cost B2, Cost C1, Cost C2

70
 Amortization cost –

Sr.no Structure Unit Quantity Rate Value

1. Structure
a. Iron wire Kg 100 50 5000
b. Iron angle Ton 1.6 40000 64000
c. Bamboo No. 1100 20 22000
2. Bed preparation Acre 1 2000
3. Seedling purchase No. 1100 30 33000
4. Manure Ton 4.4 1200 5280
5. Drip irrigation 20000
Total 131280
Table No.3.38

P =131280

R = 10%

n = 15 year

𝟏𝟑𝟐𝟖𝟎 ∗ 𝟎.𝟏 (𝟏+𝟎.𝟏)𝟏𝟓

A = (𝟏+𝟎.𝟏)𝟏𝟒

= 14,440

71
 Yield of grapes :

Table 3.39
Per Plot
Sr. No. Item Unit Per Hectare
Qty. Rate Value (Rs.)

1. Main Product toon 11 33000 363000 907500

2. By Product - - - - -

Gross Income 363000 907500

Table no.3.39 reveals the information about the Yield and value of the produce. Total
Gross income of grapes is 363000

72
 Table no. 3.40

Analytical tool for grapes

Sr. No. Particulars Formula Solution

363000-153708.31
1 Farm business income Gross Income – CostA1orCostA2
=Rs. 209291.69

363000-240209.11
2 Family labour income Gross Income – CostB1orCostB2
=Rs. 122790.89

209291.69-15000
Farm investment income FBI-Imputed Value of Family labour
3 =Rs. 194291.69

363000 -270579.94
4 Net income GrossIncome-CostC1orCostC2
=Rs. 92420.06

363000/270579.94
5 B.C. Ratio Gross Income/CostC1orCostC2
= 1.34

270579.94-0/110
Per Quintal cost of Cost C1 or CostC2-Value of by
= 2459.81
6 production Product / Yield in (qtl.)

Per hectare cost of 270579.94-0/0.40

7 CostC1 or CostC2 / Area(ha)
production =Rs.676449.85

73
 Marketing Channel

Onion

Farmer
Farmer

Wholesaler
Retailer

Retailer

Consumer

Consumer

74
Yield – 17 q
No of crates -17 q
Table no. 4.3

Channel no :1 Channel no : 2
Sr. No Particulars
Rs / Quintal Rs / Quintal

Cost incurred by
A
Producer

1. Cost of gunny bags 15 15

2. Labour for sorting 20 20

Labour for loading

3. 23 23
and unloading

4. Transportation cost 20 20

Subtotal 78 78

B Wholesaler

2. Transportation 20

loading unloading
3. 15
charges

4. Storage charges 10

Subtotal 45

D) Retailer

Transportation 14 20

Loading unloading 10 15

Spoilage /storage 6 10

Sub- total 30 45

75
 1. Producer’s Price = Selling Price - Cost Incurred by Producer
2. Market Margin = Selling Price – (Purchased Price + Cost Incurred)
3. Producer Share in Consumer Rupee = Price Received by Producer × 100
Price Paid by Consumer
4.Price Spread = Price Paid by Consumer – Price Received by Producer

Channel no :1 Channel no : 2
Sr. No Particulars
Rs / Quintal Rs / Quintal

A) Producer

1. Gross Price Received 1050 1050

2. Marketing Cost 78 78

3. Net Price Received 975 975

B) Wholesaler

1. Purchase price 1050

2. Marketing cost 45

3. Selling price per quintal 1260

4. Market margin 165

D) Retailer

1. Purchase price 1260 1050

76
2. Marketing cost 30 45

3. Selling price per quintal 1500 1375

4. Market margin 210 280

Consumer Purchase Price/

C Retailer Selling Price Per 1500 1375
Quintal of onion

D Total Cost Incurred 153 123

Percent Share in Consumer

E - -
Price (%)

F Price Spread (C p- P p) 525 400

Producer Share in Consumer

H 70 76.36
Price %

77
 Tomato

Farmer
Farmer

Trader Consumer

Retailer

Consumer

78
 Channel 1 Channel 2
Sr. No. Particulars
Rs./Q. Rs./Q.

Cost incurred by
A
Producer

1. 20 20
Cost of plastic Bags

2. 8 8
Weighing charges

3. Labour for loading 25 25

and unloading
4. 20 20
Transportation cost

Subtotal 73 73

B Trader

1. Transportation 12 -

2. Weighing charges 5 -

3. Loading unloading 15 -
charges
Subtotal 32

C Retailer

1. Transportation 10 -

Loading unloading
2. 15 -
charges

3. Spoilage cost 8 -

Subtotal 33

79
 Price spread and Market Margin for Tomato

1. Producer’s Price = Selling Price - Cost Incurred by Producer

2. Market Margin = Selling Price – (Purchased Price + Cost Incurred)

3. Producer Share in Consumer Rupee = Price Received by Producer × 100

Price Paid by Consumer
4. Price Spread = Price Paid by Consumer – Price Received by Producer

Sr. No Particulars Channel no :1 Channel no : 2

Rs / Quintal Rs / Quintal

A) Producer

1. Gross Price Received 3300 3300

2. Marketing Cost 73 73

3. Net Price Received 3227 3227

Trader / Consumer
B)

Purchase price 3300 3300

1.

Marketing cost 32 -
2.

Selling price per quintal 3450 -

3.

Market margin 118

4.

80
C) Retailer

1. Purchase Price 3450 -

2. Marketing Cost 33 -

3. Selling price per quintal 3600 -

4. Market margin 117 -

C Consumer Purchase Price/ 3600 3300

Retailer Selling Price Per Quintal
of Tomato

D Total Cost Incurred 138 73

E Percent Share in Consumer Price - -

(%)

F Price Spread (C p- P p) 373 0

H Producer Share in Consumer 89.63 100

Price (%)

81
 SWOT Analysis

STRENGTH –

a. Diversity in climatic condition

b. Varity of crop

WEAKNESS –

a. Lack of timely availability of capital

b. Seasonal product
c. High cost of input
d. High middleman margin

OPPORTUNITY –

a. Adaption of latest crop and variety

b. Improved technology
c. Adaption of government scheme
d. Setting up Agri Allied Business

THREAT –

a. Climatic factor
b. Attack of pest and disease
c. Rise and fall in prices of input and product

82
 Summary and Conclusion

 Total area of the farmer is 2 ha

 Gross area of farmer is 3.60 ha

 16 member body in gram panchayat

 5326 male and 5027 female in the village

 Total 2541 house is in the village

 Farmer grow wheat onion in Rabi ,Tomato and Soyabean in Kharif and Grape for
perennial.

 Total gross income of previous year is 1454600

 Cropping Intensity is 180% .

 Gram panchayat run different scheme for development of village

 BCR Ratio for wheat is 1.017

 BCR Ratio for soyabean 1.11

 BCR Ratio for onion is 1.15

 BCR Ratio for Tomato is 1.91

 BCR Ratio for Grapes is 1.34

83
 Conclusion –

Village attachment programme help the student to know about the cropping pattern of the
farmer and to collect the data. From the above data which we have collected in last 7 week
in the RAWE programme we can conclude that the tomato is crop which is more beneficial
to the farmer ,but there are so many factor which affect the cost of cultivation and the
income source of the farmer i.e. cost of input , selling price of farmer , environmental
factor , Quality of yield etc.

From this programme we came to know the cost of cultivation of the crop which is grow
by the farmer in there field, we got an information about the village member team ,No of
houses in village , sex ratio, road , Temples ,Scheme for the development of the village
etc.

This programme help me to improve my communication skill with the farmer and other
people.This help me to build my confidence level and to improve technical skill with the
help of this programme we got the knowledge about the farmer skill which they are using
in there farm to grow the crop ,use of fertilizer there dose etc .

84
 Photo Gallery

Host Farmer Tomato Plot

Gram Panchayat Pimpri Sayyad Onion Storage

85