The given chart presents data on the proportion of individuals with upper-high school

education in six countries in 2010, categorized into two age groups.

Overall, Germany, the USA, and Russia had the highest high school graduation rates
for both age groups, while the remaining three nations showed significant disparities
between the two generations.

In terms of the first three Western countries, the USA had the highest percentage of
high school graduates in the 55-64 age group at 90%, with a marginal difference of
only 3% compared to other age group. Conversely, Germany and Russia experienced
contrasting patterns. In Germany, the proportion of high school graduates in the 55-
64 age group was 83%, which was 5% lower than other age group, while in Russia,
the proportion of people in age 55-64 graduate high school was 70%, witnessing a
substantial difference of over 20%.

Moving on to the remaining three nations, the percentages of high school graduates
in the 25-34 age group were approximately double that of senior citizens. Notably,
South Korea had the highest graduation rate in the age bracket between 25-34, with
95% of individuals obtaining high school diplomas, surpassing other countries by a
significant margin. While in Brazil, 25% of the population between the ages of 55-64
years old had graduated high school, and 53% of people between the ages of 25-34
had graduated high school. On the other hand, China had the lowest proportions in
both age groups, with only 20% and 10% of individuals in the 25-34 and 55-64 age
groups having completed high school education, respectively.
The given chart illustrates the changes in the destinations chosen by Australian
students for studying abroad from 2004 to 2006.

It is evident that the United States had the highest number of Australian students,
with an increasing trend over the three-year period. On the other hand, Germany and
Japan had the lowest figures.

In the initial year, approximately 2600 Australian students opted for the United
States, slightly surpassing the number of students who chose New Zealand.
However, in the following year, the number of Australian students studying in the
United States rose significantly from 2600 to 2750 in 2005, reaching its peak at 2850
students in the final year. In contrast, the number of students studying in New
Zealand experienced the same trend and remained stable for the subsequent two
years. A similar pattern can be observed in the United Kingdom, although the
increase in the number of Australian students was fewer than 100, starting from
1500.

Germany and Japan were less popular among Australian students, with the figures
consistently below 500. In 2004, Japan had slightly higher statistics compared to
Germany. However, in the final year, the number of Australian students choosing
Germany for their studies increased, surpassing Japan by almost 200.
 ● màu xanh là: Nissan

The graph compares the vehicle construction time of four companies namely Nissan,
Daimler Chrysler, General Motors and Ford between 1998 and 2002.
Apparently, while a downward tendency could be observed in Nissan, DC, GM; Ford took
more time to generate a car later in the surveyed timeframe.
In 1998, Nissan was the manufacturer with the longest automobile production, with about 37
hours. The least time-consuming constructor was Ford which took only 25 hours to finish
building a car. There was an insignificant disparity with only 2 hours in the figures for Daimler
Chrysler of 34 hours and General Motors of 32 hours.
After 5 years, Nissan had increased their efficiency dramatically. The manufacturing time
dropped down to 24 hours after the first two years and hit the bottom of 21 hours at the end
of the period, being the fastest. Daimler Chrysler’s statistics fell by 3 hours after the first year
and remained constant in the next three years, then decreased remarkably to 28 hours in the
final year. The productivity of General Motors experienced a plummet from 32 to 24 hours at
the end of the period. Conversely, Ford on the top spot in 1998, grew from 1999 to 2000,
and only marginally recovered after reaching 26 hours in the final year, 2002
Plan:
Overall, it is evident that there are significant differences in N preference between …

Chia làm 2 đoạn tùy vào bar chart, đối với sự khác biệt giữa 2 giới tính, nước,... trong
bảng như này thì chia 2 đoạn, 1 đoạn là thằng này prefer những gì mà nó có nhiều
nhất, đoạn 2 là thằng còn lại’s preference.

- BD1: During the surveyed year, N + had a greater participation in mấy out of
mấy N.
- BD2: However, N and N were more popular among S than S

CẤU TRÚC:
- N and N drew less interest from N, with N’s participation rates at số and số,
respectively

- Approximately số of S participated in N, while the figure for thằng còn lại was
insignificant.

- N saw a participation rate exceeding số for S, which was, however,

lower/higher than the thằng còn lại’s rate by số

- S were more inclined to V in N and N, with participation rates of số and số,

respectively.
The bar chart compares the participation rates of boys and girls in six specific sports
in a country during 2010.

Overall, it is evident that there are significant differences in sport preferences

between the two genders.

During the surveyed year, boys had a greater participation rate in four out of six
sports. Boys were more inclined to engage in football and cricket, with participation
rates of 20% and 12.5%, respectively. In contrast, only 3% of girls participated in
football, while only 0.5% played cricket. Tennis and basketball drew less interest
from both genders, with boys’ participation rates at 9% and 8%, respectively, while
girls’ rates were one lower.

However, netball and swimming were more popular among girls than boys.
Approximately 17.5% of girls participated in netball, while the figure for boys was
insignificant. Swimming saw a participation rate exceeding 12% for boys, which was,
however, lower than the girls’ rate by 3%.
The provided table illustrates the percentage of female members of parliament in
five regions, along with the global average, for the years 1990, 1997, and 2005.

Overall, there was a noticeable increase in the representation of women in high-level

government positions worldwide over the 15-year period. East Asia consistently had
the highest proportion of female parliamentarians, while Oceania consistently had
the lowest.

From 1990 to 1997, both East Asia and the global average experienced a slight
decrease of approximately 1 percent, with East Asia dropping from 20.2 percent to
19.3 percent, and the global average dropping from 12.4 percent to 11.4 percent. In
contrast, five out of the six surveyed regions saw a marginal increase in the
percentage of female parliamentarians. Latin America had a rate of 12.4 percent,
surpassing the global average.

During the remaining period, all regions witnessed an upward trend in female
representation. The most significant increase was observed in North Africa and Latin
America, where their figures rose from 1.8 percent and 8.5 percent to 12.4 percent
and 19 percent, respectively. Latin America and South-East Asia continued to
surpass the global average, with South-East Asia approaching the average of 15.9
percent.
The graph illustrates the changes in the percentage of individuals accessing news from four
different sources (TV, newspapers, radio, and the Internet) in a particular country from 1995
to 2025.

Overall, it is evident that future trend will have a lot of changes. There has been a
noticeable decline in the proportion of people relying on TV, newspapers, and radio to gain
news, while the Internet will experience a significant surge in popularity.

In 1995, Internet users' access was virtually non-existent. The majority of the population,
approximately 70%, relied on TV as their primary source of news. Newspapers and radio
followed closely behind, with percentages of 55% and 52%, respectively, showing a
negligible difference between the two.

Throughout the survey period, substantial changes are predicted. TV experienced a sharp
decline, dropping to 55% between 2000 and 2005, before peaking at nearly 60% in 2010.
However, it is projected that TV access will decrease to 50% in the final year, making it the
second most popular source of news among the four. In contrast, the Internet gradually
gained traction during the first seven years, before experiencing a significant surge, with an
estimated proportion of 55% by the end of the period. The percentages for newspapers and
radio gradually decreased throughout the entire time frame, ending with figures that were
roughly halved, reaching 28% and 21%, respectively.
While some argue that news has no relevance to our lives and that reading or
watching news programs is a waste of time, I strongly disagree with this viewpoint.
In my opinion, staying informed through news sources is crucial for several reasons.

Firstly, news provides us with a wealth of information about current events and
developments, not only in our local area but also on a national and global scale. This
information enables us to make informed decisions and stay aware of potential risks
or opportunities. For instance, being aware of new laws or policies can help
individuals plan their finances or business activities accordingly. During the COVID-
19 pandemic, people relied on news sources such as online newspapers and TV
news bulletins to stay updated while staying at home.

Secondly, news plays a vital role in broadening our understanding of different

cultures and perspectives. By reading or watching news from various sources, we
gain a more nuanced view of the world and develop empathy for people in different
situations. This, in turn, helps us become more tolerant and open-minded individuals.
Additionally, news is instrumental in shaping public opinion and influencing policy
decisions. It is through the media that we learn about critical issues like climate
change, social justice, and human rights abuses. Without access to accurate and
reliable news sources, we would be unable to hold our leaders accountable or
advocate for necessary changes.

In conclusion, while it is true that not all news directly impacts our daily lives, it still
serves a vital role in keeping us informed and broadening our understanding of the
world. Therefore, I firmly believe that reading newspapers or watching television
news programs is not a waste of time.
The unprecedented development of technology has revolutionized the way people
make purchases and access services. Although online shopping has numerous
advantages, some believe that it also has disadvantages, such as the loss of
individual privacy. While I acknowledge this drawback, I personally believe that the
benefits are more significant.

On the one hand, the main disadvantage of purchasing goods via the Internet is
privacy infringement. Indeed, when making purchases, we have to disclose financial
information in order to make financial transactions. For instance, if consumers want
to pay on Shopee for greater convenience they will need to enter their bank account
for payment purposes, so several people feel insecure with this policy because of the
threat of cybercriminals and malware. The more customer-provided information they
provide, the more vulnerable they become to identity theft and fraudulent activities.

On the other hand, there are many benefits to acquiring goods online that outweigh
this disadvantage. One of them is that it saves time for busy workers. Indeed, virtual
shopping allows people who work extended work hours and seldom have leisure
time for shopping to search for desired apparel, compare prices, and easily assess
quality without traveling to physical markets. In this way, individuals can make the
best decisions after considering prices, sizes, and models. Another advantage is that
people can cut costs by buying online. This is because often businesses and
markets offer discounts on goods when people choose home delivery. From here,
buyers reap advantages due to the increase in the cost of transportation. A good
illustration is that in Vietnam, parking in supermarkets is expensive, and the cost of
fuel has recently risen. A third advantage is that online shopping provides a more
extensive range of products than brick-and-mortar stores. There are abundant
options for customers when searching for any goods, so online shopping appears to
be advantageous. The greater the number of items purchased by clients, the more
benefits they receive.

To sum up, although there is concern about losing an individual's privacy, online
shopping offers more convenience, savings, and variety for consumers. Hence, I
believe that the benefits outweigh the drawbacks. Undoubtedly, online shopping is
the future of commerce.

Plan:
i. Demerit : lack of privacy
 - When disclose bank account to pay - people feel insecure because of hackers and
virus
Ex: Shopee payment -> log in bank account on its app
ii. Merits:
- Save time for busy people - can check price, size, …
- Save money because transportation fees are increasing ex: parking and fuel
- More choices - variety of items
Plan: do not agree

Pros:

- Provide authentic and vivid accounts of their experiences in prison

Can deter students from committing crimes by showing them the harsh reality and
punishment of incarceration.

- Inspire adolescents who are facing with personal or school challenges that it is
possible to confront and overcome these problems and become better.
- Offer practical advice and guidance on how to avoid criminal behaviors and seek help
when needed.

Cons:

- Not all ex-offenders are truly reformed and may have hidden motives and purposes
when interacting with students.

Ex: may recruit students into gangs, exploit them for personal gain or influence them with
negative or extremist views.

- Not all students show receptive or respect to ex-criminal, and some may challenge or
mock or ignore them. -> create an unproductive learning environment.
- Ex-prisoner don't have necessary skills or qualities to deliver moral lessonsor to deal
with sensitive or complex issues may arise during the lessons.

ALTERNATIVE WAYS should be considered as well.

- Police officers have good reputation among students can play an important role in
reducing juvenile delinquency by deliver lessons about dangers of crime.

eX: show students pictures or videos about life in the prisons to discourage them from
committing crimes.

- Parents should monitor and and guide children to distinct the right and wrong things
- Teachers should teach students about moral values and social norms

It is true that some people have reformed their lives and become law-abiding and productive
members of society after serving their sentences in prison. Some people think that they are
the most suitable individuals to educate students about the risks and consequences of
breaking the law. However, I disagree with this opinion. I believe that parents and teachers
are more effective in preventing juvenile delinquency.

On the one hand, there are some advantages to inviting ex-prisoners to speak to school
students. Firstly, they can provide authentic and vivid accounts of their experiences in prison,
which can deter students from committing crimes by showing them the harsh realities and
punishments of incarceration. Secondly, they can inspire students who may be facing
personal or social challenges, such as poverty, abuse, or peer pressure, by demonstrating that
it is possible to overcome adversity and change for the better. Thirdly, they can offer practical
advice and guidance on how to avoid criminal behavior and seek help when needed.

On the other hand, there are also some disadvantages to relying on ex-prisoners as role
models for school students. Firstly, not all ex-prisoners are truly reformed or remorseful, and
some may have hidden motives or agendas when interacting with young people. For example,
they may try to recruit students into gangs, exploit them for personal gain, or influence them
with negative or extremist views. Secondly, not all students are receptive or respectful to ex-
prisoners, and some may challenge, mock, or ignore them. This can create a hostile or
unproductive learning environment and undermine the credibility and effectiveness of the
speakers. Thirdly, ex-prisoners may not have the necessary skills or qualifications to deliver
engaging and informative presentations or to deal with sensitive or complex issues that may
arise during the sessions.

Therefore, I believe that other alternatives should be considered as well. For instance, police
officers usually have a good reputation with teens, and they can play an important role in
reducing juvenile delinquency. They can also show students videos or pictures of prison life
to discourage them from committing crimes. Moreover, it is also the parents' responsibility to
educate their children about the dangers of committing crimes and to monitor their activities
and friends. Besides parents, teachers should also teach students about moral values and
social norms.

In conclusion, I disagree that ex- offenders are the best people to guide students against
immoral behavior. It is the responsibility of every member of society to help the young
generation become good citizens.
The scarcity of housing in major cities has emerged as a pressing concern in
numerous countries worldwide. While some argue that the responsibility for
resolving this issue lies solely with the government, I firmly believe that both the
government and private sectors should collaborate in order to effectively address
this problem.

On the one hand, it is undeniable that the authorities bear a significant responsibility
for tackling this undesirable phenomenon. As individuals migrate from rural areas to
urban centers in search of an improved standard of living, the inner urban regions
become overcrowded, leading to a surge in housing demand and skyrocketing
accommodation prices. As the governing body, the government can exercise control
over the average cost of housing. Additionally, the authorities can establish
enhanced legal procedures to facilitate the demolition of dilapidated buildings and
the construction of condominiums. Only the government can effectively carry out
such a large-scale project that requires significant investment. Furthermore, the
shortage of accommodation has given rise to various issues, including the
proliferation of slums and an increase in crime rates. Only the government
possesses the authority to mandate action by relevant agencies to address these
problems.

However, in order to promptly alleviate the housing crisis, the private sector can also
make significant contributions. Given the limitations of the national budget and the
multitude of issues vying for financial support, it is unrealistic to solely rely on the
government to fully resolve the housing situation. Enterprises and corporations, with
their substantial financial resources, can play a pivotal role by providing affordable
housing projects in the outskirts of cities, thus alleviating the burden on urban
centers. Furthermore, non-governmental organizations can initiate charitable
campaigns aimed at assisting slums and homeless communities, providing
temporary relief while awaiting government measures. Individuals can also
contribute by donating to these funds, thereby actively participating in the resolution
of the housing shortage.

In conclusion, the shortage of housing demands immediate attention. Therefore, it is

imperative that both the government and other sectors collaborate to expedite the
resolution process. By pooling their resources and expertise, they can effectively
address this pressing issue and ensure the availability of adequate housing for all.
 - Pros: opportunity for personal growth, learning from the boss and local community,
more friends, expanding social circle
“By confronting and overcoming challenging situations as an adaptation to a new
environment - can acquire valuable experience.
VD: be more flexible and have more ways to be familiar with surrounding areas
“ Learn new skills and expertise from employers and the local community.”
“ Immersing oneself in a new environment - chance to meet diverse individuals;
establish new friendships”

- Cons: challenging for small savings, facing high expenditure, causing financial stress
Modest salary towards housing, transportation, and other daily necessities.
Living cities - pricey - difficult to save money ||Living with little savings -> financial
distress
Overwhelming in adapting to new places and struggling with pressure from work,
homesickness,...
The absence of a support system leads to feelings of isolation and insignificance.
The accumulation of negative emotions leads to health problems and other mental
health issues such as depression or anxiety
- Hard to find jobs can cause crimes and become a victim
- Be victim of blackmailing and fraud because of being betrayed trust

confront (v): đương đầu

overcome (v): vượt qua
acquire (v): đạt được
allocate (v): cung cấp
accumulation(n): sự tích lũy
naive (adj): ngây thơ, cả tin
impressionable(adj): dễ bị ảnh hưởng
 In many countries today, individuals often have to relocate away from their loved ones
to secure employment. While this development has both advantages and disadvantages, I
firmly believe that the drawbacks outweigh the benefits.

One notable advantage of being ambiguous in a different location is the opportunity for
personal growth and broadening one's horizons. By confronting and overcoming challenging
situations as an adaptation to new environments, individuals can acquire valuable experience.
For instance, people can be more flexible and have more ways to become familiar with
surrounding areas. Moreover, they can learn new skills and gain expertise not only from their
employers but also from the local community. Additionally, immersing oneself in a new
environment gives one the chance to meet diverse individuals and establish new friendships.

Nevertheless, the disadvantages of this trend are more prevalent. Financially,

individuals often face the challenge of allocating their modest initial salary toward housing,
transportation, and other daily necessities. However, dwelling in cities can cost a lot of
money, which makes it really difficult for citizens to save money. Living with limited savings
can lead to financial distress, which is a common concern for young employees. Furthermore,
the process of adapting to a new environment can be overwhelming as foreign workers
struggle with the pressures of work, forging new relationships, and homesickness. The
absence of a support system can leave them feeling isolated and insignificant. The
accumulation of negative emotions may even result in mental health issues such as anxiety
and depression. Another critical aspect to consider is that many job seekers are recent
university graduates who may be impressionable and naive. Consequently, they become easy
targets for various crimes, particularly fraud and blackmail. In fact, numerous Vietnamese
individuals working abroad have reported being deceived and losing all their possessions and
money due to misplaced trust. Such unfortunate incidents are less likely to occur when
individuals reside in familiar surroundings.

In conclusion, while the inevitability of relocating for work brings undeniable

advantages, individuals should carefully evaluate their circumstances before making
significant decisions.