DPM 31 (Solutions)

C to E

C. RC Passage

Answer keys : 1- B, 2- C, 3- A, 4- D, 5- B.

Explanation:

1- For this EXCEPT question, we need to identify the options that are true in the context and
eliminate them.

Option A : incorrect because this purpose is served as per the second sentence of the third
paragraph.
Option B : correct because the author says our application of philosophy of science will make us
develop a ‘more robust’ finding, but at the same time, he mentions that ‘it still may be wrong’.
So, this is not the advantage of philosophy of science.
Option C : incorrect because this information is true as per the last paragraph.
Option D : incorrect because this is an advantage of philosophy of science as per paragraph 4.

Thus, the best option is option B. Choice (B).

2- The author mentions ‘supposed links’ that do not turn out to reflect cause-and-effect
relationships. This implies that there are many factors, out of which selecting the correct one is
difficult. This sence is given by Option C, which is the best option.

Option A : incorrect because the difficulty is not about the time taken to complete the research.
Option B : incorrect because the difficulty is not in replicating result.
Option C : correct as per the reasons given above.
Option D : incorrect because the phrase given in question is not directly related to the
information given in this option.

Thus, the best option is Option C. Choice (C).

3 - The passage talks about the importance of philosophy of science in arriving at proper casual
inference. The need for and the way of arriving at such inference is the crux of the passage.
Thus , Option A is the best option.

Option A : correct as per the reason given above.

Option B : incorrect because the passage talks about correctness of scientific theories, not
about progression of science.
Option C : incorrect because the passage is not about the limitations of scientific theories.
Option D : incorrect because the passage does not discuss the controversial nature of theories.

Thus , the best option is Option A. Choice (A).

4 - The question requires us to draw an inference about scientists, who if pressed to explain the
basis for their inferences’ resort to Popper, whose scientific philosophy is that ‘a scientific theory
remains acceptable until a time when its predictions might be proven false by future
observations’.
This implies that they argue that their theories are correct because they ‘are not proved to be
wrong’. This sense is given by Option D, which is the best option.

Option A : incorrect because if they had identified correct cause-and-effect relations, they would
have given them, instead of referring to Popper.
Option B: incorrect because the context does not talk about the ‘rectification of errors present in
previous theories’.
Option C: incorrect because if theories had been with a sound basis, they would not have
referred to Popper.
Option D: correct as per the reasons given above.
Thus, the best option is Option D. Choice (D).

5 - As per the last two sentences of the last paragraph, we can understand that the bias can be
minimized. The requisite assumptions is that the approaches do not have some bias. This
sense is given by Option B, which is the best option. This is true because scientists have
preferences of approaches, which have their own biases and limitations.
Option A : incorrect because triangulation approach ‘complements’, not ‘replaces’, Karl’s
falsification approach.
Option B : correct as per reasons given above.
Option C : incorrect because this information cannot be true as per the information present in
passage.
Option D : incorrect because of the reason given for Option A.

Thus, the best option is Option B. Choice (B).

D. Quantitative Aptitude(Q1-Q10):

Keys

1. Choice (A)
2. Choice (B)
3. Choice (C)
4. Choice (B)
5. Answer is 1807
6. Choice (C)
7. Choice (A)
8. Choice (D)
9. Answer is 1134
10. Choice (D)

SOLUTION:

Q.1
To complete running running at least once between every two corners of the track they have to
run at least one extra length or breadth of the track. Since the breadth is shorter it will be one
that will be run twice. The length, breadth and diagonal of Samanth”s field are 80 m, 60 m and
100 m while that of Saurav's fields are 40 m, 30 m, and 50 m.

Hence the distance Samanth has to cover is 2(80+60) +2(100) +60= 540 m while Saurav will
have to cover 2(30+40) + 2(50) +30=270 m.

Time taken by Saurav =270/1.35 =200 seconds.

If Samanth has to beat Saurav by 20 second then he has to take180 second to finish 540 m.
His speed must be at least 540/180 = 3 m/s.
Choice (A).

Q.2
Given, one hour = 90 minute.
The dial of a clock on planet Oz will have 18 hours instead of 12 hours and hence the hour hand
travels 360°/18= 20° per hour or (2/9)° per minute. Minute hand travels 360° per hour or 4° per
minute.
Now, lets calculate angle between minute hand and hour hand at 16:50 am.

First, Angle at 16 am will be (16/18) X360° = 320°

The relative speed of minute and hour hand is 4-2/9 = 34/9 degree per minute

8
In 50 minutes angle reduces by 50 X 34/9 = 1889 degree.
8 1
Hence The final angle =320°- 1889 =1319 degree.

Choice (B)

Q.3
At 14 O' clock the angle is (14/18) x 360 = 280°
If this has to become 60° then the minute hand covers either 280+60 = 340° or 280-60 = 220 °
relative to hour hand.
340 220 4
34/9
= 90 minutes or 34/9 = 5817

Choice (C)

Q.4
let the cost for Madhukar be Rs 100.
His marked price= Rs (100+k)
Given that (100+k) x (k/3-k/4)/100 = k/2-k/3
 (100+k) x (k/1200) = k/6  100+k =200
 k=100
∴ marked price = (k+100)= (100+100) = 200
After allowing a discount of 30%, the selling price is 200 x (0.7) =140
Hence, profit % = (40/100) X 100=40%
Choice (B)

Q.5
let the product of all the specified numbers up to10000 be P. The highest power of 10(or 5) that
divides P is obtained as follows.
There are 2000 multiples of 5, but 400 of these are also multiple of 25.
Of these, 80 are multiples of 125 but 16 of these are also multiple of 625.
Of these, 3 are multiples of 3125.
Therefore, the exponent of the highest power of5 that divides P is (2000-400) + (80-16) (3) +
3(5)
= 1600 + 192 +15 = 1807
Answer is 1807.

Q.6
'abcde' = 104a+103b+102c+10d +e
'edcba' = 104e+103d+102c+10b +a
abcde - edcba = 9999a + 990b - 9999e - 990d
 99(101a+10b) - 99(101e +10d)
 99(100a+10b +a) - 99(100e +10d +e)
=99(aba) -99(ede)
=99(aba-ede) = 99(384) = 38016
Choice (C).

Q.7
Let the fraction be
x=0.abcbcbc.........(1)
 10x = a.bcbc...........(2)
and 1000x = abc.bcbc...(3)
subtracting (2) from (3)
 1000x-10x = abc - a
∴ 990x = abc - a
 x = (abc -a)/990
(here abc denotes the number represented by the sequence of digits abc rather than the
product abc)
As per the data given in question , abc - a = (990/5) +1 = 198 +1= 199
So, x = 199/900, which is approximately equal to 0.20101.
Choice (A).

Q.8
Assume that the three groups are named in advance, say A, B, C.
The number of ways is the number of onto functions from a set of 26 elements to a set of 3
elements.
Number of onto functions
=326 – 3c1* 226 + 3c2*126
= 3(325 -226 +1)
Since each group has been counted 6 times in the expression.
Therefore the number of groupings is 3(3 25 -226 +1)/6 = (325 -226 +1)/2
Choice (D).

Q.9
10
The number of ways of selecting 5 digits from 0 to 9= c5
The largest among those 5 digits will be in the third position.
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5

Number of ways of selecting D1 and D2 from the remaining four is 4c2 =6. Also D1 and D2 can be
arranged in ascending order in just 1 way. The remaining will be D 4 and D5 which can also be
arranged in descending order in only one way.
so, 10c5 * 4c2 arrangements will be there such that D1 < D2 < D3 and D3 > D4 >D5.
But this also includes the cases where D1=0
0 D2 D3 D4 D5

Number of such numbers =9c4 * 3c1

(selecting D2, D3, D4, D5 and placing the largest in the middle and selecting D 2 out of the
remaining three)
Total number of 5 digit numbers such that D1 < D2 < D3 > D4 >D5
= 10c5 * 4c2 - 9c4 * 3c1
= 1512 - 378
=1134
Answer is 1134

Q.10
The commands, the intended position of the robot and the actual position of the robot are
tabulated below . Intial position of the robot is 1 cm from the origin.
 command number command intended position(in actual position
cm)

1 M(2) 3 1+1/2=3/2=1.5

2 M(2) 32 (1.5)2

..... ...... ..... ....

15 M(2) 315 (1.5)15

16 M(n) 315

M(n) has the effect of moving the robot from the position a to a +a/n
a+a/n= a(1+1/n)

Therefore, (1.5)15 *(1+1/n)= 315

 1+1/n = 215
 n = 1/(215 -1)
Choice (D).
E. DILR – 1 Set

Key
Choice (C)
Choice (C)
Choice (B)
Choice (C)

Solution for the questions 1 to 4:

It is given that no professor can take classes on three consecutive days. Here we have to
remember that a professor taking classes on Saturday and Sunday cannot take classes on
Monday or Friday. Let us represent each of the persons by first letter of their starting name i.e.
Anand-A, Kashyap-K, Murugan-M, Somnath-S.
As per the given instructions, we get the following arrangement.

Day Morning slot Evening slot

Monday K

Tuesday M

Wednesday S M

Thursday

Friday S

Saturday

Sunday K

Here of the total 14 slots , no professor has taken more than four slots.
Therefore three professors must have taken four slots each and one should have taken only two
slots.
As it is given that Anand and Kashyap have taken same number of slots, each of them must
have taken four slots i.e. two morning and two evening.
Kashyap's second evening slot cannot be on Monday as he has taken the morning slot on
Monday. He cannot take on Tuesday or Saturday as he has taken a slot on Sunday and
Monday. So Kashyap's other evening slot must be on Thursday.(Similarly Kashyap second
morning slot must be on Friday)

Anand has to take two evening slots, one of them will be on Monday/Tuesday and the other one
must be on Saturday.

On Thursday morning, Kashyap cannot take the class as he takes the evening class, and
Somnath cannot take as he takes class on Wednesday and Friday. Also Murugan cannot take
class on Thursday because he takes class on Wednesday and Tuesday.
So, A has to take the class in Thursday morning slot.

A's other morning class cannot be on Friday(As he has taken a class on Thursday morning) and
cannot be on Saturday (as he has taken class on Saturday evening).
A must take a class on Sunday morning.

A cannot take evening class on Monday(as he takes on Saturday and Sunday).

Therefore, A takes the evening class on Tuesday and S takes the evening class on Monday.

The final arrangement is as shown below:

Day Morning slot Evening slot

Monday K S

Tuesday M A

Wednesday S M

Thursday A K

Friday K S

Saturday S A

Sunday A K
Q.1 Somnath takes class on Monday in the evening slot. Choice (C).

Q.2 Anand takes class on Sunday in the Morning Slot. Choice (C).

Q.3 Kashyap takes the class Friday in the morning slot. Choice (B).

Q.4 Kashyap takes class on Thursday evening and Friday morning. Anand takes on Saturday
evening and Sunday morning. Somnath takes on Friday evening and Saturday morning.
Choice (C).