NEBOSH

MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

UNIT IG1:
For: NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety

Open Book Examination

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Answer sheet IG1-0034-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan24 © NEBOSH 2024

Task 1: Negative health and safety culture

Question 1
Following are the points explains that how the influence of peer group in zone 3 that have
negatively affected the health and safety culture.
 Reliance on incompetence person as the supervisor relay on worker C and went to
receive contractor this peer influence adopted by worker C by supervisor and
worker C allocated the high-risk site to worker B alone indicates negative culture.
 Issues in line of communication as the worker C often act as an unofficial deputy
and due to peer influence older employee can give order to any fellow worker
regardless of that he is responsible to his supervisor not to his older fellow worker
indicates the negative culture.
 Younger workers keen to fit in the culture as worker B raised the points against the
worker C but worker C and other worker bully him due to this peer influence
worker B decide to fit in the culture which damages the health and safety culture
more.
 Breach of rules to impress someone as the younger worker breach the speed limit
of toe truck to show his efficiency of work to worker C due to peer group he shows
poor behaviour towards health and safety and this effects the culture.
 Distribution of position on seniority based because worker C allocated the position
according to their will and sent the younger worker B to busy site this shows the
peer influence as supervisor agreed on distribution which prevails the negative
health and safety culture.
 Presence of authoritative culture as worker B has sent alone because no other
senior worker wants to go their due to peer pressure this authoritative culture
grown which is damaging the health and safety culture.
 Resistance against raising point as worker B raise his concerns about work alone
on the distribution point then worker C shown irritation on due to this peer
influence worker B decided not to raise point again which prevails the health and
safety culture.
 Bully culture as the worker C was laughing who was the senior worker along with
other workers this shows influence of peer at workplace that negatively affect the
culture.
 No action to control near miss influenced worker B that there are no disciplinary
action system for safe system of work due to this peer influence he prioritize work
on time over safety indicates the negative culture.
 Prioritize the work over safety as the right baggage should be deliver to right
aircraft was the priority due to peer influence at the time of accident instead of
gathering data for investigation workers gathering the baggage to start the work.
 No proper health and safety culture as when supervisor received the contractor
he did not require the risk assessment from contractor due to this peer influence
contractor worker not took the safety seriously which influence negative H&S
culture.
 Overlooked role and responsibilities as supervisor gave his responsibilities to
worker C which peer influence indicates the negative H&S culture.

Task 2: Managing the contractor on site

Question 2
Following points shows how the contractor poorly managed at workplace.
 No information about Scope of work as supervisor did not ask for time duration of
task and workers number for health and safety arrangements this shows the issue

Answer sheet IG1-0034-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan24 © NEBOSH 2024

 while managing the contractor.
 No method statement acquired as the supervisor should know about the method of
working of contractor to manage the health and safety on site this shows the poor
management.
 Policies and procedure are not shared by management with contractor so they are
unknown to emergency procedure because supervisor just gave the short tour of
the workplace so contractor poorly managed in this regard.
 Inappropriate supervision as supervisor leave them alone while contract team
repairing the conveyor so there was no management person for supervision of
health and safety at workplace.
 Lack of communication about hazards as management and contractor both did not
shared the hazards of work place and activity performing.
 Failed to provide JSA and safe system of work as supervisor relied on the previous
experience of contractor as he worked in zone 1 but the layout is changed in both
the zones, management failed to provide the risk assessment to contractor.
 Induction trainings was not provided to contractor as the supervisor assumed
contractor knew the site as they already worked in zone 1 despite the fact that
layout is different in both zones.
 Limitations are not shared with contractor where they can move as the contractor
was moving around for supervisor in this way contractor was poorly managed.
 Layout of work place did not share with contractor as the layout of zone 1 where
contractor worked in past is different from zone 3 so contractor was poorly
managed by not share the layout.
 Lack of pre-work and regular meetings as the supervisor just gave the brief tour of
the area and then went to distribution area no meetings were arranged so
contractor was poorly managed in this regard.

Task 3: Actions of a labour inspector

Question 3 (a)
Following are the function of labour inspections.
 The function of labour inspection is insuring the proper compliance of law and to
comply relevant labour law, standards at work place
 The function of labour inspection is to check the validity of JSA, safe system of
word and to check whether they functional or not for they can conduct an
inspection.
 The enforcement action can be taken if there is any violation of civil or criminal law
as the supervisor not fulfilling his duty of supervision of contractor so action can
be taken against him by labour inspection.
 The function of labour inspection is to take the improvement actions against the
discomfort activity.
 The function of labour inspection is to gather the root and immediate causes of an
incident and then decide according to the information obtained.

Question 3 (b)
The labour inspector could take following action after visiting the workplace.
 If there are not major discomforts at workplace then the labour inspector can give
the improvement letter.
 The labour inspector can give the enforcement letter to improve the
 The labour inspector can give the legal agreement after visiting the workplace on
those activities which are producing non-Comfortis if these non-Comfortis faces
by the worker again a legal action can be taken.
 The labour inspector can issue the prohibition notice against the activities whose
level of severity is high.

Answer sheet IG1-0034-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan24 © NEBOSH 2024

  The labour inspector can withdraw the licence on those activities due to the high
levels of discomforts at workplace.

Task 4: Safety signage

Question 4
Following safety sign will help in reducing the risk to workers and passengers.
 The load limit of manual handling sign should be assigned in the area where
manual handling works are performing like passenger’s baggage loading and
unloading.
 The posture sign near to manual handling work area to reduce the likelihood and
severity of hazards will decrease due to correction of right postures.
 The cohesion sign must be put at the place where pedestrians and workers path is
crossing the vehicle path for the vehicle movement.
 The speed limit sign for the speed limit of toe trucks should be installed as the
accident happened due to the speed limit issue.
 The load limit of vehicle like toe truck must be installed near to the loading area as
sometimes due to the work load workers forget about the load limit but safety sign
about it will remind in any situation to the workers about load limit.
 In case of any emergency like fire emergency or natural disaster the emergency
exit sign should be placed so the workers and visitors can evacuate using the
emergency exit doors so the severity will be reduced.
 No entry signs should be placed at the place where workers are working so the
passengers are aware about the no entry area.
 The first aid sign should be placed where the first aid arrangements carried out as
the passengers are unfamiliar to the workplace so they can locate the first aid
place easily following the sign.
 Do not sit here signs should be placed near to the conveyor belt as when the
worker B was bullied by follow workers one og the worker was sitting on conveyor
belt which can cause potential hazard to worker.
 The sign of do not rush must be placed so no worker or passenger rush as it can
cause harm like due to rush situation it harmed the contractor.
 The PPE’s mandatory sign about helmet, safety shoe must be placed so that the
severity of any hazard can be reduced.
 No smoking sign must be placed as the risk of fire is always high at airport because
of availability of diesel and also the language can also be flammable.
 There should be a sign for slippery surface placed where the surface is slippery to
reduce the likelihood of slips and trips.

Task 5: Identification of management failures following root cause

investigation and immediate actions to take following the accident

Question 5 (a)
Following immediate actions could help to prevent the repetition of accident.
 Conduct a quality investigation to find the root and immediate causes of the
accidents in this way the unsafe acts found in the investigation can be control to
control the repletion of the accidents.
 Eliminate the lone working where manual handling is required as the worker B was
working lonely despite the fact that workload is higher due to holidays it will
prevent the panic in workers and will prevent the repetition.
 Display the speed limit sign for the toe trucks and speed breakers should be
constructed to reduce and control the speed this will help in preventing the

Answer sheet IG1-0034-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan24 © NEBOSH 2024

 repetition of accident.
 Allocate the trained workers where work load is as the worker B was working at
busy site and due to work load he did not handle the pressure and break the
speed limit the trained worker can handle the pressure and this will prevent the
accidents.
 Proper supervision should be provided as the worker B who was working lone
despite the fact he was not much experienced he has done over speeding due to
lack of supervision so the supervision can prevent the repetition of accidents.
 The Tool box talks (TBT’s) should be arranged on daily basis to revise the
knowledge of workers about hazards and safe system of work to prevent the
repletion of accidents.
 The luggage should be loaded on the toe trucks according to the set limit and
should be tied tightly as due to loosen tie of luggage the baggage slipped so in
this way the repetition of accident will be prevented.
 There should be a bench man appointed at the crossing area because the toe truck
hit the contractor worker at same place the bench man will give the safe passage
to to pedestrian and toe truck to prevent the repetition of accident.

Question 5 (b)
Following management failure has contributed in the accident.
 Poor workload management as the first priority was to deliver the right
baggage to right aircraft on time that’s why worker B break speed limit and
accident occurred.
 No proper lesson learnings as they had opportunity to implement the
controls and reduce the near misses occurred previously but their priority
was right and on time job not safety which contributed to the accident.
 Poor contractor management as the layout was not shared, lack of
HAZCOM and many other reasons the contractor went out to see the
supervisor and collide with tow truck.
 Inadequate job assignment system as worker B who was vulnerable
allocated to the high capacity and high work load site which has
contributed in accident happening.
 Management of change as they did not discuss the hazards of site with
contractor neither contractor discussed the hazards due to that contractor
worker went to the area of client and accident happened.
 Poor complaint resolving as worker B raised the point about his allocation
at highly busy distribution site but worker C has shown resistance due this
played an important role in accident.
 Lack of induction training as the contractor was not given the induction
training so no information related to HAZCOM, risk assessment, risk
sharing, layout has provided to contractor that contributed to accident.
 Improper supervision as the vulnerable work B was busy in over loaded
site he needs supervisions but there was no supervision provided to him
and he breaks the speed limits that contributed in accident.
 Lack of safe system of work as the there was no safe working procedure
seen due to that worker B breaks the speed limit by knowing that there is
no discipline action which contributed to accident.
 Failed to promote the health and safety culture within the organization as
worker B was appointed to over loaded site lonely and told to earn the
easy task by doing difficult one which contributed to accident.
 Lack of permit to work system as the workers were unaware of the
presence of contractors which contributed to the accident.
 Timely work done is important over safety as the priority of the

Answer sheet IG1-0034-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan24 © NEBOSH 2024

 management was to deliver the right baggage on right aircraft due to that
worker B enhanced the speed of tow truck which contributed in accident.
 Poor fulfillment of role and responsibilities as supervisor went to receive
the contractor by giving his responsibilities to worker C who allocated
worker B lonely at highly busy site which causes the accident.

Task 6: Reporting the accident

Question 6 (a)
Reasons why the accident be reported to contractor employer to competent authorties
are written.
 This is the legal responsibility to report the accident to legal authorities’ violation
of this can leads to legal actions like license cancelation so to prevent the legal
actions accident must be reported by contractor employer.
 The contractor employer should report the accident to competent authorities so
that they can do betterment in standards by collecting the data from the accident.
 To prevent the civil claims because the information locked when contractor
employer reports the accident then effected person cannot do civil claim then.
 To secure the face value and public image the contractor employer report the
accident to the competent authorities because the authorities investigate the
workplace thoroughly to reduce the hazard.
 To fulfill the legal duty as the contractor worker injured badely so that the
competent authorities can collect the data to make the controls to prevent the
repetition of same accidents.

Question 6 (b)
Following are the ways to notify the competent authorities about the accident at
workplace.
 The contractor employer must add the details of accident in formal document the
details must include the location, person injured and other accident repeated
details should be added in the document.
 To notify the competent authority the digital online portal procedure can be
followed it the competent authorities has, by writing all the details required to
report the accident and submit.
 The contractor employer can notify the competent authorities the detailed
information of the accident by physically visiting their office.
 The contractor employer can notify the competent authorities about the accident
through phone call.
 The details of the accident can be delivered to the competent authorities through
email or fax by contractor employer.
 The contractor employer can share details of the accident including who get
injured, where, when and how by sending the SMS to competent authorities.

Answer sheet IG1-0034-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan24 © NEBOSH 2024

Task 7: Health and safety management roles and responsibilities

Question 7 (a)
Following are the point that shows the negligence of supervisor in fulfilment of role and
regulations.
 Assigned supervisory works to other worker as the supervisor assign the
distribution of workers at different site responsibility to Worker C and did not
fulfilled his role and responsibility by its own.
 Poorly managed the contractor as the supervisor overlooked the HAZCOM and
also did not supervise the activity of the contractor all these points show that
supervisor did not fulfilled his responsibility.
 Lack of supervision for vulnerable worker as worker B was a vulnerable younger
worker he need supervision but supervisor sent him to loan space and did not
fulfilled the responsibility of supervision.

Question 7 (b)
Following are the point that shows the negligence of ALA’s in fulfilment of role and
regulations.

 Personal preference over given instruction as Supervisor has given the sheet of
allotments of workers but he did not fulfill the role and responsibility and allotted
the place on personal preferences.
 Not followed the instructions of supervisor as Worker C was instructed to
announce the daily instruction and arrival of contractor but he did not fulfill his
responsibility.
 Assurance of own and others safety as one of ALA’s was sitting on conveyor belt
compromises his safety because could be harmed by the potential hazard due to
conveyor belt so he did not fulfill his responsibility.
 Assurance of own and others safety as Worker B breaks speed limits of toe truck
to perform work on time he compromised his own and other workers safety so he
did not fulfill his role and responsibilities.
 Compromise on safety of vulnerable worker as worker C appointed worker B on
busy place lone despite the worker B was not sure he can manage the site worker
C did not fulfilled his responsibilities

Task 8: Emergency procedures in practice

Question 8 (a)
Following are the points which shows that management went well at the time of
emergency.
 Immediate response as worker C has shown the responsibility and informed the
supervisor about the accident so that a senior can control the situation at work
place.
 Availability of first aider as the first aider has provided the first aid to the injured
contractor to control the severity in this way the emergency is well managed by
first aider.
 Workers reached the accident place immediately as the workers saw they stop
their work and reached area of accident and collected the fallen baggage’s to
prevent the further accident show the well management of emergency.
 Contact with emergency services as the first aider contacted the emergency
services by seeing the severity of the accident shows the well management

Answer sheet IG1-0034-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan24 © NEBOSH 2024

 towards the emergency.
 Monitoring and moral support as supervisor asked the first aider to stay with
injured supervisor after seeing his situation for moral support and monitoring
suggest the good management to wards emergency.
 Hospitalization as the first aider already contacted the emergency services
despite that they took the injured person to the nearest hospital to provide him
relaxing environment shows the good response towards emergency.
 Positive behavior towards vulnerable worker as worker B was performing duties at
overloaded distribution management realized this and sent him home to relax him
mentally shows the positive response towards emergency.
 Corden off the area as supervisor Corden of the area of accident so that the
evidence of accident does not vanish for investigation indicates the well response
towards emergency.
 Responsibility taken by supervisor as after the accident supervisor showed the
responsibility by taking the charge as he Corden off the area so that no other
accidents happens shows the well management towards emergency.

Question 8 (b)
Following arrangements required in the absence of supervisor to manage the
emergency.
 There should be a nominated person from the management who will play his role
as supervisor while the absence of supervisor.
 The emergency trainings about what to do in fire emergency, emergency drill,
what to do in accident emergency in short, all the training about emergency
procedure should be provided to the nominated worker.
 There should be a proper communication about emergency procedure with
nominated worker and other workers to on regular basis so all the worker should
know about emergency procedure in the absence of supervisor.
 The emergency contact number to deal with other emergencies related to outer
bodies like police, bomb disposal squad should be displayed properly with in the
workplace.
 There should be an emergency response team along with the health and safety
department within the organization who deals with the emergencies.

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