AIATS-2022 (CF+OYM) Test-08 - Code-A - Solutions - 20.03.2022

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Test-8 (Code-A)_(Answers) All India Aakash Test Series for NEET-2022

All India Aakash Test Series for NEET - 2022

TEST - 8 (Code-A)
Test Date : 20/03/2022

ANSWERS
1. (3) 41. (3) 81. (3) 121. (4) 161. (3)
2. (1) 42. (3) 82. (4) 122. (2) 162. (3)
3. (4) 43. (4) 83. (2) 123. (4) 163. (4)
4. (2) 44. (4) 84. (2) 124. (3) 164. (1)
5. (4) 45. (4) 85. (3) 125. (1) 165. (3)
6. (4) 46. (2) 86. (3) 126. (3) 166. (4)
7. (3) 47. (3) 87. (2) 127. (3) 167. (2)
8. (4) 48. (1) 88. (3) 128. (3) 168. (3)
9. (2) 49. (2) 89. (4) 129. (4) 169. (4)
10. (2) 50. (3) 90. (1) 130. (1) 170. (3)
11. (3) 51. (2) 91. (4) 131. (4) 171. (3)
12. (2) 52. (4) 92. (2) 132. (3) 172. (3)
13. (4) 53. (3) 93. (2) 133. (4) 173. (2)
14. (1) 54. (1) 94. (2) 134. (2) 174. (2)
15. (3) 55. (3) 95. (3) 135. (3) 175. (2)
16. (2) 56. (2) 96. (1) 136. (2) 176. (4)
17. (4) 57. (2) 97. (2) 137. (4) 177. (4)
18. (4) 58. (3) 98. (4) 138. (3) 178. (4)
19. (3) 59. (3) 99. (3) 139. (1) 179. (1)
20. (2) 60. (3) 100. (4) 140. (4) 180. (1)
21. (1) 61. (2) 101. (3) 141. (3) 181. (1)
22. (2) 62. (2) 102. (2) 142. (2) 182. (3)
23. (3) 63. (2) 103. (4) 143. (3) 183. (3)
24. (2) 64. (3) 104. (4) 144. (1) 184. (1)
25. (1) 65. (2) 105. (3) 145. (2) 185. (1)
26. (3) 66. (4) 106. (2) 146. (3) 186. (3)
27. (3) 67. (1) 107. (1) 147. (2) 187. (2)
28. (3) 68. (1) 108. (2) 148. (1) 188. (4)
29. (4) 69. (1) 109. (1) 149. (4) 189. (2)
30. (3) 70. (3) 110. (1) 150. (4) 190. (3)
31. (2) 71. (2) 111. (3) 151. (4) 191. (4)
32. (2) 72. (1) 112. (1) 152. (4) 192. (2)
33. (4) 73. (2) 113. (2) 153. (4) 193. (3)
34. (1) 74. (2) 114. (2) 154. (4) 194. (2)
35. (1) 75. (2) 115. (3) 155. (4) 195. (3)
36. (2) 76. (3) 116. (2) 156. (1) 196. (3)
37. (2) 77. (4) 117. (4) 157. (4) 197. (3)
38. (3) 78. (2) 118. (2) 158. (2) 198. (3)
39. (3) 79. (2) 119. (3) 159. (2) 199. (1)
40. (1) 80. (3) 120. (2) 160. (3) 200. (3)
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All India Aakash Test Series for NEET-2022 Test-8 (Code-A)_(Hints & Solutions)

HINTS & SOLUTIONS

[PHYSICS]
SECTION-A 6. Answer (4)
1. Answer (3) Hint: An ideal gas in free expansion performs no
Hint: For Boyle’s law PV = Constant work.
Sol.: PV = nRT, here T = Constant Sol.: For ideal gas under free expansion W = 0
PV = Constant Also Q = 0 (system thermally insulated)
2. Answer (1) By first law of thermodynamics
Hint & Sol.: For an isothermal process T = 0 Q = W + U
 U = nCvT = 0 0 = U + 0
By first law of thermodynamics  U = 0
Q = U + W  T = 0
Q=0+W=W Temperature remains same i.e. T
Heat supplied is used in performing work. 7. Answer (3)
3. Answer (4) Hint: Q = nCpT
Hint: U = nCvT
m 2  10−2  103 5
T = Temperature change Sol.: n = = = mol
M 28 7
Sol.: U = nCvT 7R
Cp = (for diatomic gas)
T = (393 K – 373 K) = 20 K 2
U = 80 J, n = 5 mol 5 7 
Q=    8.3   45 = 934 J
80 = 5 × Cv × 20 7 2 
80 8. Answer (4)
Cv = = 0.8 J mol−1 K −1
100 Hint & Sol.: In thermodynamics heat and work are
4. Answer (2) not state variables. They are modes of energy
transfer to system resulting in change in internal
Hint: Wcycle = Qcycle = 5 J energy (U). U is a state variable and its value
Sol.: Wcycle = WAB + WBC + WCA depends only on given state of the system, not on
5 = 10(2 – 1) + 0 + WCA the path taken to arrive at that state.

WCA = 5 – 10 = –5 J 9. Answer (2)

5. Answer (4) 1
Hint:  =
Hint: For adiabatic process PV  = const. 2nd 2

Sol.: PV  = const. Sol.: Mean free path is inversely proportional to


square of diameter of gas molecules.
lnP + lnV = const.
10. Answer (2)
dP dV
+ =0 Hint: P1V1 = P2V2 (at constant temperature)
P V
Sol.: P × V = P × 2V
dV 1 dP −1  2  4
=− . =  % = − 9 %
V  P 33  P =
PV P
=
2
  2V 2

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Test-8 (Code-A)_(Hints & Solutions) All India Aakash Test Series for NEET-2022

11. Answer (3) 15. Answer (3)


Hint & Sol.: From first law of thermodynamics Hint: Work done in isothermal process
Q = U + W P 
W = 2.303 nRT log  1 
Q = –100 J  P2 
W = 20 J Sol.: Work done during isothermal process
 –100 = U + 20
P 
 U = –100 – 20 = –120 J W = 2.303 nRT log  1 
 P2 
12. Answer (2)
P1 = 105 N m–2
R
Hint: C = Cv + for PVN = Constant P2 = 2 × 105 N m–2
1− N
n = 2 mol, R = 8.3 J mol–1 K–1
Sol.: For diatomic gas  1
W = 2.303  2  8.3  300log  
2
 = –2.303 × 2 × 8.3 × 300 × (0.3010) = –3451.1 J
Thus work is done on the gas.
 16. Answer (2)
Hint: By Dalton’s law of partial pressure
 nRT
P = P1 + P2, P =
V

13. Answer (4) 1


 R  300
nRT 4
Hint: From Zeroth law of thermodynamics Sol.: P1 = =
V 5
At thermal equilibrium both bodies are at same
temperature. 1
 R  300
Sol.: Internal energy depends on number of P2 = 4
moles, nature of substance and temperature so 5
internal energy in thermal equilibrium of two  300R 300R  600R
P = + = = 30R
bodies may be equal or unequal. But at thermal
 20 20  20
equilibrium both bodies will be at same
temperature. = 30 × 0.082 = 2.46 atm  2.5 atm
14. Answer (1) 17. Answer (4)
Hint: Area under P-V diagram is work done and
Hint: internal energy is a state function
Sol.: From A to B in all processes U is same
Sol.: For refrigerator
From first law of thermodynamics
Q = U + W
W = area under P-V diagram.
T1 – T2 = 45 K
W1 > W2 > W3 and U = const.
T2 = 273 K
 Q1 > Q2 > Q3
18. Answer (4)
Hint: Sum of potential energy and kinetic energy
is conserved in SHM.
Sol.: Simple harmonic motion is a periodic motion.

Its equilibrium at mean position is stable.
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All India Aakash Test Series for NEET-2022 Test-8 (Code-A)_(Hints & Solutions)

9 Tension at x = 2.5 m is
2 =
16 1  25
T =   2.5  g = N
3 3  3
= rad/s
4
25
2 2 8 T 3 = 5 m/s
T= = 4 = s  v= =
 3 3  1
3
A
 y = A sin t , time from y = 0 to y = 38. Answer (3)
2
T Hint & Sol.: In SHM velocity can be along or
t= against the direction of acceleration.
12
39. Answer (3)
1 8 2
 t=  = s Hint: In parallel combination Keq = K1 + K2
12 3 9
1
35. Answer (1) Sol.: When spring is cut K 
l
Y
Hint & Sol.: For solids v =  Spring constant of one spring = 4K

Four springs are arranged in parallel.
B Keff = 4 × 4K = 16K
For gases v =

m m 2 m
T = 2 = 2  =
Solids have so high value of elasticity that it even K eff 16K 4 K
compensates high density.
40. Answer (1)
SECTION-B
Hint: I  n2A2
36. Answer (2)
Sol.: I  n2A2
Hint: Equation of travelling wave propagating
2
along positive Y-direction is  1
I      (2)2 n 2 A2
x = Asin(ky – t) 4
Sol.: A = 2 m I 1
=
n = 6 Hz I 4
  = 2n = 2 × 6 = 12  rad s–1 I
 I =
=4m 4
Wave propagating along +ve y-axis 41. Answer (3)
 x = Asin(ky – t) 1 T
Hint: n =
 2  2l 
x = 2sin  y − 12t  m
 4 
Sol.: n  T
 
x = 2sin  y − 12t  m 102
 2  When tension increases to T
100
 x = 2sin(0.5y – 12t) m
102
37. Answer (2) n  T
100
Hint: Speed of transverse wave in a stretched
1
T
string is, v = n 102  2 2 1 2 1
 = = 1 +   1+   1+
n 100  100  2 100 100
4 1 n − n
Sol.:  = mass per unit length = = kg/m =
1
12 3 n 100
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Test-8 (Code-A)_(Hints & Solutions) All India Aakash Test Series for NEET-2022

n 1 Potential Energy U =
1 2
= Kx
n 100 2

Given n = 5 Sol.: At x =
A
2
5 1
=
n 100 1  2 A2  3 1 2
KE = K A −  =  KA …(1)
2  4  4 2
 n = 500 Hz
42. Answer (3) 2
1 2 1 A 1 1
U= Kx =  K   =  KA2 …(2)
Hint: amax = 2 A, v max = A 2 2 2 4 2

Sol.: 2A = A 3 1 2
 KA
KE 4 2 3
=1 = =
U 1 1 2 1
 KA
T = 2 = 6.28 s 4 2
43. Answer (4) 47. Answer (3)
Hint & Sol.: When sound enters water its speed Hint & Sol.: At low pressure and high temperature
increases and frequency remains constant, so there is no interaction among gas molecules and
wavelength increases, wave number also gas behaves like an ideal gas
changes. 48. Answer (1)
44. Answer (4) Hint: Molar specific heat at constant volume is
Hint: Vmax = A at mean position f
Cv = R
Sol.: F = –20x 2
 k = 20 = m2 Sol.: Here f = 6
20 20 6
2 = = = 100  Cv = R = 3R
m 0.2 2
 = 10 rad s–1 49. Answer (2)
Vmax = A Hint:  = 1 −
T2
,
T2 = Sink temperature
T1 T1 = Source temperature
12 = 10 × A
 A = 1.2 m 300
Sol.: 1 = 1 − = 0.5
45. Answer (4) 600
2 300 4
Hint:  = x 2 = 1 − = = 0.57
 700 7
Sol.: y = A sink(x – vt) 350 250 5
3 = 1 − = = = 0.42
1 600 600 12
T = 0.05, f = = 20 Hz
T 350
4 = 1 − = 0.5
300 700
= = 15 m
20 Maximum efficiency is in second case.
Phase difference between points 5 m apart 50. Answer (3)
2 2 2 Hint: IR = I1 + I2 + 2 I1I2 cos 
 = x = 5 = rad
 15 3
Sol.: Imax  (A1 + A2 )2 , A1 = 2 and A2 = 4
46. Answer (2)
1 Imax (2 + 4)2 36 9
Hint: KE = K ( A2 − x 2 ) Imin  (A1 − A2 )2 , = = =
2 Imin (2 − 4)
2
4 1
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All India Aakash Test Series for NEET-2022 Test-8 (Code-A)_(Hints & Solutions)

[CHEMISTRY]
SECTION-A 56. Answer (2)
51. Answer (2) Hint: The compounds which contain enolizable
Hint: Structure of Hexa-1,3-dien-5-yne is hydrogen will show keto-enol tautomerism.
CH  C – CH = CH – CH = CH2 Sol.:
Sol.:

 – bonds = 11
 – bonds = 4
52. Answer (4)
Hint: and Sol.: Correct order of –I effect of the
given species is
–NO2 > –CN > –F
53. Answer (3)
Hint: More is the hyperconjugation, more is the
stability of alkene and lesser is the enthalpy of
57. Answer (2)
hydrogenation.
Hint: On ozonolysis, double bond is cleaved and
Sol.: Products formed after hydrogenation for the
carbonyl compounds are formed.
given compounds are same. So, higher is the
stability of alkene, lesser will be the heat released Sol.:
after hydrogenation. Correct order of heat of
hydrogenation will be (iii) > (ii) > (i)
54. Answer (1)
Hint: meq of H2SO4 reacted = meq of NH3 evolved
Sol.: meq of H2SO4 = 15 × 1 × 2 = 30
Mass of nitrogen in NH3 = 30 × 14 × 10–3 g
Percentage of nitrogen in organic compound
30  14  10–3
=  100 = 28%
1.5
55. Answer (3)
Hint: More is the number of -hydrogens more is
the stability of carbocation.
58. Answer (3)
Sol.:
Hint: Electron withdrawing group present on the
Carbocation -hydrogen benzene ring decreases the rate towards
electrophilic aromatic substitution
(CH3)3C 9
Sol.: –NO2 is electron withdrawing in nature. It
 6
(CH3 )2 CH decreases the electron density on the benzene
ring therefore the rate of electrophilic aromatic
 0 substitution decreases.
(CH3 )3 CCH2
59. Answer (3)
Order of stability: Hint: Higher is the percentage s character more is
   the electronegativity of carbon atom and higher is
(CH3 )3C  (CH3 )2 CH  (CH3 )3 CCH2 the acidic nature of the hydrocarbon

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Test-8 (Code-A)_(Hints & Solutions) All India Aakash Test Series for NEET-2022

Sol.: 64. Answer (3)


• % s character in sp hybridised carbon is 50% Hint:
hence C–H bond is most acidic in acetylene. Molar mass of Br  Mass of AgBr
% of Br = 100
Molar mass of AgBr  Mass of organic compound
• In propyne, due to +I effect of methyl group
80  0.564
acidity of C–H bond is less than acetylene. Sol.: % of Br =  100 = 48%
188  0.5
• Similarly, on the basis of s character acidity of
ethene is more than ethane. 65. Answer (2)
Hint: The reaction is electrophilic addition
60. Answer (3)
reaction. The intermediate species formed is a
Hint: Acetylene trimerises to benzene when carbocation.
passed through red hot iron tube Sol.:
Sol.:

61. Answer (2)


Hint: Strong electron withdrawing nature of the
substituent increases the stability of the
carbanions. 66. Answer (4)
Sol.: –NO2 is strongly electron withdrawing in Hint: Eclipsed conformation will have highest
nature, hence negative charge is delocalised energy hence will be least stable.
efficiently and the stability of the carbanion is
highest.
62. Answer (2)
Hint: Nitrogen, sulphur, halogens (Cl, Br, I) and Sol.: In this conformation, two
phosphorus present in organic compound are
detected by Lassaigne test.
methyl groups are eclipsed to each which
Sol.: increases the strain making the conformation least
stable.
• Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3·xH2O is Prussian blue in colour
67. Answer (1)
• Carbon and hydrogen are detected by heating
the compound with copper (II) oxide. Carbon Hint: If heteroatoms like N, O, S are present in the
ring then the compound is called heterocyclic
present in the compound is oxidised to carbon
compound.
dioxide (tested with lime water, which
develops turbidity) and hydrogen to water
(tested with anhydrous copper sulphate,
Sol.: Aniline and pyridine, are
which turns blue)
63. Answer (2) aromatic compounds. In pyridine, nitrogen is
Hint: Cyclic, planar species having (4n + 2) present in the ring, hence it is heterocyclic
compound while aniline is not.
electrons in complete conjugation are aromatic in
nature (where, n = 0, 1, 2….) 68. Answer (1)
Hint: Hydrogen attached with sp hybridised
Sol.: Cyclopropenyl carbocation is carbon is removed as H2 gas on reaction with
sodium.
Sol.:
aromatic as it is cyclic, planar and has 2 electrons
1
in complete conjugation. CH3CH2C  CH + Na → CH3CH2C  CNa+ + H2
2
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69. Answer (1) 73. Answer (2)


Hint: Hydroboration oxidation reaction gives Hint: H2, Pd-BaSO4, quinoline converts alkyne to
alcohol as major product following anti cis alkene.
Markovnikov’s rule Sol.: But-2-yne is converted to trans-But-2-ene
Sol.: when reduced with Na/liq.NH3

CH3 – C  C – CH3 ⎯⎯⎯⎯Na


Liq. NH

3

74. Answer (2)


Hint: For isomeric alkanes, greater is the surface
70. Answer (3) area, greater is the intermolecular force of
Hint: Alkynes on warming with mercuric sulphate attraction and higher is the boiling point.
and dilute sulphuric acid form carbonyl Sol.: With increased branching, the surface area
compounds. of the molecule decreases and boiling point
decreases. Correct order of boiling point is (i) > (ii)
Sol.: > (iii)
75. Answer (2)
Hint & Sol. Partition chromatography is based on
continuous differential partitioning of components
of a mixture between stationary and mobile
phases. Paper chromatography is a type of
partition chromatography.
71. Answer (2) 76. Answer (3)
Hint: An aqueous solution of sodium salt of Hint: In this reaction, radical is formed as an
carboxylic acid gives alkane at anode and H2 at intermediate.
cathode. Sol.:
Sol.: 2CH3CH2COO–Na+ → 2CH3CH2COO– + 2Na+
At anode:

• •
CH3 CH2 + CH2CH3 → CH3CH2CH2CH3 

At cathode:
– •
H2O + e – → OH + H
Benzyl radical formed is stabilised by resonance

2H → H2 
hence benzyl chloride is formed as major product.
77. Answer (4)
72. Answer (1)
Hint: Baeyer’s reagent is dilute alkaline aqueous
Hint: For tri-substituted benzene derivative, the solution of KMnO4. Alkenes and Alkynes
numbering is done following lowest locant rule. decolorise dilute alkaline KMnO4 solution.
Sol.: Benzene is an aromatic compound. It is
stable hence does not react with Baeyer’s reagent.
Sol.: 78. Answer (2)
Hint & Sol.: Photochemical smog occurs in warm,
4-Ethyl-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene dry and sunny climate

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Test-8 (Code-A)_(Hints & Solutions) All India Aakash Test Series for NEET-2022

79. Answer (2) Sol.:


Hint: Structural isomers in hydrocarbon arise • Three methyl groups in tert-butyl free radical
because of various arrangements of carbon atoms will stabilise it both by inductive effect and
in different carbon chain. hyperconjugation.
• More is methyl substituent more will be the
Sol.: Isomers of C6H14 are
stability of the free radicals.
• Stability order:
• • •
(CH3 )3C  ( CH3 ) CH  CH3CH2
2

85. Answer (3)


Hint: Priority of carboxylic acid group is maximum.
Sol.: Priority order of groups :
–COOH > –COCl > –CHO > –OH
80. Answer (3)
SECTION-B
Hint: n-Alkanes having six or more carbon atoms 86. Answer (3)
on heating to 773 K and at 10-20 atmospheric
 y y
pressure in presence of Mo2O3 undergoes Hint: CxHy +  x +  O2 → xCO2 + H2O
aromatization.  4 2
15
Sol.: Sol.: C6H6 + O → 6CO2 + 3H2O
2 2
87. Answer (2)
Hint: If all the carbon atoms are sp2 hybridised,
81. Answer (3)
then all atoms will be coplanar.
Hint: Vicinal dibromo compound on reaction with Sol.:
zinc metal forms an alkene
Sol.:

Since all the carbon atoms are sp2 hybridised the


82. Answer (4) molecule will be planar is shape.
88. Answer (3)
Hint: Electron withdrawing group when attach with
Hint: Cyclopentadienyl anion is an aromatic
benzene decreases the electron density on o- and
species.
p-positions.
Sol.: Negative charge is delocalised in the ring
Sol.: –CHO is an electron withdrawing group and hence the negative charge on carbon should be
deactivating in nature. Because of its electron present in unhybridised 2p orbital.
withdrawing nature, the electron density on o- and 89. Answer (4)
p-position is comparatively less than at meta
Hint: The isomer which is more polar will have
position. Hence, the electrophile attaches on
higher boiling point.
comparatively electron rich meta position resulting
in meta substitution. Sol.:
• Dipole moment of cis-But-2-ene is more than
83. Answer (2)
trans-But-2-ene, this results in higher
Hint & Sol.: Excess nitrate in drinking water can intermolecular forces of attraction in cis-But-2-
cause a disease known as ‘blue baby’ syndrome. ene, hence its boiling point is more than its
trans form.
84. Answer (2)
• In case of solids, it is observed that the trans
Hint: Electron donating groups attached with the isomer has higher melting point than the cis
carbon free radicals, stabilise the radical. form.
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90. Answer (1) 32  0.466  100


Sol.: Percentage of Sulphur =
Hint: The organic compounds having a multiple 233  0.25
bond (a double or triple bond) shows electromeric
= 25.6%
effect in presence of an attacking reagent only.
97. Answer (2)
Sol.: Electromeric effect is a temporary effect. In
positive electromeric effect the -electrons of the Hint: Anti Markovnikov’s reaction of alkene occurs
multiple bond are transferred to that atom to which in presence of HBr and organic peroxide
the reagent gets attached. Sol.: The reaction will follow carbocationic
mechanism.

91. Answer (4)


Hint: The compounds in which nitrogen does not
change to ammonium sulphate will not be
estimated by Kjeldahl method. 98. Answer (4)
Sol.: Kjeldahl method is not applicable to Hint: Propyne contains acidic hydrogen.
compounds containing nitrogen in nitro and azo
Sol.:
groups and nitrogen present in the ring.
• Industrial scale preparation of ethyne
92. Answer (2)
CaC2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + C2H2
Hint: Metamerism arises due to different alkyl
chains on either side of the functional group. • Reaction of propyne with Br2

Sol.: CH3OCH2CH2CH3 (methoxypropane) and


C2H5OC2H5 (ethoxyethane) are metamers.
93. Answer (2)
Hint & Sol.: is called isobutyl

group 99. Answer (3)
94. Answer (2) Hint & Sol.: Benzene hexachloride, (C6H6Cl6) is
Hint: AgCl is soluble in NH4OH due to complex called as gammaxane.
formation. 100. Answer (4)
Sol.: Ammonium phosphomolybdate is yellow Hint & Sol.:
coloured compound.
Column I Column II
95. Answer (3)
(Pollutants) (Maximum
Hint: Acidic potassium permanganate oxidises
prescribed
alkenes to ketones and/or acids.
concentration in
Sol.: drinking water)
Nitrate (i) 50 ppm

Lead (ii) 50 ppb


96. Answer (1) Zinc (iii) 5 ppm
Hint:
Atomic mass of S  Mass of BaSO 4  100
Iron (iv) 0.2 ppm
Percentage of Sulphur =
Molar mass of BaSO 4  Mass of organic compound

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[BOTANY]
SECTION-A  DPD = OP – TP
101. Answer (3) = (7 – 6) bar
Hint: Gaseous movements within the plant body = 1 bar
refers to the exchange of oxygen and carbon
Hence, water moves from cell Y to cell X.
dioxide.
107. Answer (1)
Sol.: Diffusion is the only means for gaseous
movement within the plant body. Hint: Water is absorbed via epidermal root hair for
water transport in root.
102. Answer (2)
Sol.: Water absorbed through epidermal root hair
Hint: Active transport requires energy to carry the
passes to cortical cells then to endodermis
substance across the membrane
followed by pericycle and then finally to vascular
Sol.: The rate of both active and facilitated tissue xylem.
transport reaches maximum or saturates when all
108. Answer (2)
the protein pumps have been used in transport.
Hint: Apoplast pathway consists of non-living
103. Answer (4)
parts of plant body.
Hint: Complex IV contain cytochrome a and a3 and
Sol.: Symplast pathway consists of living part of
two copper centre.
plants i.e. protoplast connected by
Sol.: Complex IV refers to cytochrome c oxidase plasmodesmata.
complex with cytochrome a and a3 and two copper
109. Answer (1)
centres.
104. Answer (4) Hint: Acetyl CoA and succinyl CoA is raw material
for synthesis of carotenoid and chlorophyll
Hint: For a fully turgid cell OP = TP and DPD = 0. respectively.
Sol.: When a plant cell is placed in hypotonic Sol.: Oxaloacetic acid serves as a raw material for
solution, the water will move inside, cell swells and alkaloid and pyrimidine synthesis.
becomes turgid.
-ketoglutaric acid is a raw material for amino acid
105. Answer (3)
synthesis.
Hint: When fats are used in respiration, the RQ is
110. Answer (1)
less than 1
Hint: Mutual attraction among water molecules is
Sol.: When tripalmitin is used as respiratory
called cohesion.
substrate, the RQ can be calculated as follows:
Sol.: Attraction between water molecule and the
2(C51H98O6) + 145O2 → 102CO2 + 98H2O + Energy
walls of xylem vessels is adhesion.
102CO2
 RQ = = 0.7 111. Answer (3)
145O2
Hint: A process by which the cells derived from
106. Answer (2) root apical meristem and shoot apical meristem
undergo permanent changes is known as
Hint: Water moves from low DPD to high DPD
differentiation.
Sol.: For cell X
Sol.: Collenchyma tissues are formed after
OP = 10 bar, TP = 7 bar differentiation.
 DPD = OP – TP Cork cambium (Phellogen) and wound cambium
= (10 – 7) bar are dedifferentiated tissues.
= 3 bar 112. Answer (1)
For cell Y Hint: Mg2+ activates several enzymes involved in
OP = 7 bar, TP = 6 bar photosynthesis and respiration.

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Sol.: RuBisCO and phosphoenol pyruvate Sol.: In given structure of chloroplast,


carboxylase are critical enzyme for photosynthetic A = Outer membrane
carbon fixation and require Mg2+ for their
activation. B = Inner membrane

113. Answer (2) C = Stroma lamellae


Hint: Potassium helps in maintaining the turgidity D = Grana
of a cell. E = Starch granule
Sol.: Potassium helps in opening and closing of 121. Answer (4)
stomata.
Hint: Primary CO2 acceptor in Hatch-Slack
114. Answer (2) pathway is a three-carbon molecule phosphoenol
Hint: When plants are exposed to required pyruvate (PEP).
inductive photoperiod, the hormonal substance Sol.: PEP is present in mesophyll cell.
i.e., florigen migrates from leaves to shoot apices
for inducing flowering. 122. Answer (2)

Sol.: Leaves of the plant are site of perception of Hint: RuBP is the primary acceptor of CO2
light/dark for flowering. molecule during C3 cycle.

115. Answer (3) Sol.: The primary CO2 fixation product in C3 cycle
is 3-phosphoglyceric acid.
Hint: Manganese (Mn) activates several enzymes
involved in respiration, photosynthesis and 123. Answer (4)
nitrogen metabolism. Hint: Cytokinins are essential for cytokinesis i.e.,
Sol.: Manganese plays a major role in the splitting division of cytoplasm. Along with auxin, cytokinin
of water to liberate oxygen during photosynthesis. causes division even in permanent cells.
116. Answer (2) Sol.: Auxin and cytokinin are responsible for cell
Hint: Biomolecules that have mobilised elements division in callus i.e., a mass of undifferentiated
cells. Auxin promotes root growth and cytokinin
are first broken down and become available for
younger parts of plants. promotes shoot growth.

Sol.: Deficiency symptom of mobile elements first 124. Answer (3)


tend to appear in older tissues like older leaves. Hint: A proton gradient is required between
117. Answer (4) stroma and thylakoid lumen for ATP synthesis.
Hint: The overall reaction for nitrogen fixation is as Sol.: In chemiosmotic process, protons are
accumulated in lumen of thylakoids.
N2 + 8e− + 8H+ +16ATP → 2NH3 +H2 +16ADP +16Pi
125. Answer (1)
Sol.: For the formation of one molecule of NH3; Hint: To produce one hexose molecule, 18 ATP
8 ATP are required. are consumed in C3 cycle while, 12 ATP are
118. Answer (2) consumed in C4 cycle.
Hint: Nitrogenase enzyme requires anaerobic Sol.: Thus 3 ATP and 2 ATP respectively are
condition to function. consumed to fix per CO2 molecule in C3 and C4
Sol.: Leg-haemoglobin is an oxygen scavenger pathway.
present in the root nodules and provides anaerobic 126. Answer (3)
condition for the nitrogenase enzyme.
Hint: During photosynthesis, green parts of the
119. Answer (3) plant uses carbon dioxide and water in the
Sol.: Both auxin and cytokinin promote cell presence of sunlight and release oxygen as a by-
division i.e. they show synergistic effect. product.
120. Answer (2) Sol.: Photosynthesis is also responsible for the
Hint: The given diagram is of chloroplast which is release of oxygen into the atmosphere by green
double membraned structure. plants which is needed by mostly all life forms.

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127. Answer (3) Sol.: Krebs cycle starts with the condensation of
Hint: In non-cyclic photophosphorylation acetyl group with oxaloacetic acid (OAA) and
continuous supply of electrons is available due to water to yield citric acid.
splitting of water. 134. Answer (2)
Sol.: PS-II is involved in spitting of water and Hint: Gibberellins promote bolting.
release of oxygen. Sol.: Gibberellins induce stem elongation in
128. Answer (3) ‘rosette plants’.
Hint: ABA promotes abscission of flowers and 135. Answer (3)
fruits. Hint: Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone.
Sol.: ABA acts as a growth inhibitor and induces Sol.: Cousins discovered and confirmed that
dormancy of buds and seeds. As ABA induces release of ethylene, a volatile substance, from
dormancy, it is also known as dormin. ripened oranges hastened the ripening of unripe
129. Answer (4) bananas kept nearby. Later on this volatile
Sol.: substance was identified as ethylene.
• J. Priestley performed series of experiment SECTION-B
that infer the essential role of air in the growth 136. Answer (2)
of green plants. Hint: Krebs cycle must occur twice for each
• Jan Ingenhousz showed that sunlight is molecule of glucose respired. Therefore, 2 ATP, 6
essential for plant process that helps to NADH2 and 2FADH2 are formed from 2 molecules
somehow purify air fouled by breathing mouse of acetyl CoA (coming from one molecule of
and burning candle glucose).
• First action spectrum of photosynthesis was Sol.: 1 FADH2, 3 NADH2 and 1 ATP are released
described by the experiment of T.W. from one turn of Krebs cycle.
Engelmann. 137. Answer (4)
• C. van Neil demonstrated that photosynthesis
Hint: Calcium is the part of the structural
is light dependent reaction in which hydrogen
component of the plant cell.
from an oxidisable compound reduces CO 2
into carbohydrates. Sol.: Calcium is not remobilised from older regions
to younger regions of plants.
130. Answer (1)
138. Answer (3)
Sol.: Chlorophyll a appears blue-green in the
chromatogram during chromatographic separation Hint: Chlorosis is the loss of chlorophyll leading to
of leaf pigments. yellowing in leaves.

131. Answer (4) Sol.: Necrosis refers to death of leaf tissues.


Sol.: According to law of limiting factors, if a 139. Answer (1)
chemical process is affected by more than one Hint: It is an effect of high root pressure.
factor, then its rate will be determined by the factor Sol.: The process of exudation of liquid drops from
which is nearest to its minimal value. the margin of leaves is called guttation.
132. Answer (3) 140. Answer (4)
Hint: Water potential is also defined as chemical
Hint: Imbibition is a special type of diffusion.
potential of water.
Sol.: Two conditions necessary for imbibition to
Sol.: The relationship between s, w and p is: occur are:
 w = s +  p (a) Water potential gradient between the surface
133. Answer (4) of absorbent and liquid imbibed
Hint: Krebs cycle starts with the reaction which is (b) Affinity between the adsorbant i.e., solid
catalysed by citrate synthase. substance and the imbibed liquid.

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141. Answer (3) 146. Answer (3)


Hint: This enzyme converts succinic acid to Hint: Only PS-I is involved in cyclic
fumaric acid. photophosphorylation.
Sol.: Succinate dehydrogenase is found attached Sol.: Cyclic-photophosphorylation is concerned
to inner mitochondrial membrane. with the synthesis of ATP only.
142. Answer (2) 147. Answer (2)
Sol.: Plasticity is the ability of plant to from
Hint: Sulphur is present in two amino acids, one is
different kinds of structures in response to
polar and another is non-polar.
environment.
143. Answer (3) Sol.: Sulphur is present in two amino acids
Cysteine (polar) and Methionine (Non-polar) and it
Hint: Major transpiration occurs through stomata. is the main constituent of several coenzyme and
Sol.: Bark transpiration occurs through the bark of vitamins.
woody stem. It contributes about 1% of the total
148. Answer (1)
transpiration.
144. Answer (1) Hint: This is reductive amination reaction.

Sol.: Sol.: In this process, ammonia reacts with


-ketoglutaric acid and forms glutamate along with
Phytohormones Composition water and NADP.
Auxin Indole compounds 149. Answer (4)
Gibberellins Terpenes Hint: Vernalisation can help in shortening the
period between germination and flowering.
Kinetin Adenine derivatives
Sol.: More than one crops can be obtained in a
Abscisic acid Derivatives of
year with the help of vernalisation.
carotenoid
150. Answer (4)
145. Answer (2)
Hint: ABA is also known as anti-transpirant.
Hint: Photorespiration involves 3 organelles,
chloroplast, peroxisome and mitochondria. Sol.: ABA is called stress hormone as it stimulate
closure of stomata to increase tolerance to various
Sol.: In photorespiration, glycolate is converted
stress.
into glycine in peroxisome.

[ZOOLOGY]
SECTION-A Echinus belongs to the phylum Echinodermata in
151. Answer (4) which digestive system is complete with mouth on
Hint: Body cavity lined by mesoderm the lower (ventral) side and anus on the upper
(dorsal) side.
Sol.: Chordates and hemichordates both possess
bilateral symmetry. True segmentation is absent in Water canal system is the characteristic feature of
hemichordates. Hemichordates have open phylum Porifera.
circulatory system. 153. Answer (4)
Annelids, cephalopod molluscs and chordates
Hint: Alimentary canal is absent
have closed circulatory system. True coelom is
found from annelids to chordates. Sol.: In some members of phylum
152. Answer (4) Platyhelminthes, the alimentary canal is absent,
Hint: Organ system such as tapeworm, so they absorb nutrients from
the host body directly through their body surface.
Sol.: Chitinous exoskeleton is a characteristic
feature of arthropods. Echinoderms possess water Flame cells are the specialised cells of
vascular system. In echinoderms, the fertilisation platyhelminthes which help in excretion as well as
is usually external and development is indirect. osmoregulation.

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154. Answer (4) Meandrina belongs to class Anthozoa. They are


Hint: Exhibit bioluminescence exclusively marine and are represented by the
polyp form.
Sol.: King crab, earthworm and hookworm are
triploblastic organisms, whereas, ctenophores are 160. Answer (3)
diploblastic organisms in which the developing Hint: Identify the Euchordates
embryo has only two germinal layers. i.e., an
Sol.:
external ectoderm and an internal endoderm.
Mesoderm layer is not present between ectoderm Ascidia – Sub-phylum
and endoderm in these animals, rather an Urochordata
undifferentiated, jelly-like layer mesoglea is
Branchiostoma – Subphylum
present in between them.
Cephalochordata
155. Answer (4)
Balanoglossus – Phylum Hemichordata
Hint: Possess jointed appendages
Sol.: Presence of double, solid and ventral nerve Petromyzon, – Sub-phylum Vertebrata
cord is a characteristic of non-chordates. Annelids Clarias,
and chordates possess closed circulatory system. Macropus
Metamerism is exhibited by annelids, arthropods
161. Answer (3)
and chordates.
Hint: Zygote formed inside the female body
Segmentation is absent in molluscs and
echinoderms. Sol.: In Hippocampus, Bufo, Betta, Antedon and
Chiton, the fertilisation is external and in the other
156. Answer (1)
animals mentioned the fertilisation is internal.
Hint: Included in division Gnathostomata.
162. Answer (3)
Sol.: Presence of dorsal, hollow nerve cord is a
characteristic of chordates. Tetrapods are Hint: Belongs to class Reptilia
included in division Gnathostomata. In poriferans, Sol.:
the choanocytes line the spongocoel. Clarias – Bony fish
157. Answer (4)
Rana – Ureotelic
Hint: Bony fish
Pteropus – A mammal
Sol.: Naja, Trygon and Vipera are poisonous
Bungarus belongs to the class Reptilia. The class
animals whereas Labeo is a fresh water edible
name refers to their creeping or crawling mode of
fish.
locomotion.
Naja possess neurotoxic snake venom while
163. Answer (4)
Vipera possess haemotoxic snake venom. Trygon
(Sting ray) is a cartilaginous fish. Hint: Possess pneumatic bones
158. Answer (2) Sol.: External ear openings are present in lizards
Hint: Venous heart and in most of the birds.

Sol.: External ear openings are not present in all


tetrapods. In amphibians, ear consists of internal
Pisces – Single circulation
and middle ear. Tympanum covers the middle ear.
Reptiles – Incomplete double
164. Answer (1)
circulation
Hint: Roundworms
Aves and Mammals – Complete double
circulation Sol.: Echinoderms are triploblastic but exhibit
159. Answer (2) radial symmetry in adult stage. Chordates and
annelids possess organ system level of
Hint: Coral organisation and have closed circulatory system.
Sol.: Meandrina belongs to phylum Coelenterata Presence of ventral heart is a characteristic of
and its exoskeleton is made up of CaCO3. chordates.
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165. Answer (3) 170. Answer (3)


Hint: Members of division Agnatha Hint: Retrogressive metamorphosis
Sol.: Cyclostomes are included in sub-phylum Sol.: In urochordates, the notochord is present
Vertebrata. Members of division Agnatha are only in the tail of larva and excretion takes place
devoid of paired fins. through the neural gland. Only adults are sessile.
Sub-phylum Vertebrata includes division 171. Answer (3)
gnathostomata which is further divided into two Hint: Commonly called comb jellies.
superclasses i.e. Pisces and Tetrapoda. Pisces Sol.: In ctenophores, the reproduction occurs only
bears fins and tetrapoda bears limbs. through sexual means.
166. Answer (4) Obelia – Coelenterata
Hint: Mesodermal origin of endoskeleton Physalia – Coelenterata
Sol.: Echinoderms are exclusively marine. Sycon – Porifera
Parapodia are present in Nereis. In
Obelia, Physalia and Sycon exhibit both asexual
hemichordates, the body is divided into proboscis,
and sexual reproduction.
collar and trunk.
172. Answer (3)
Echinodermata literally means “spiny or prickly
skinned”. They possess an endoskeleton (internal Hint: Ectothermic animals
skeleton) of calcareous ossicles (small bones), Sol.: Diaphragm is present in mammals.
embedded in the skin. Exocoetus exhibits external fertilisation. Scales
167. Answer (2) are absent in cyclostomes.
Petromyzon is a cyclostome. Calotes is a reptile
Hint: Group of exclusively marine animals
and body of reptiles is covered by dry and cornified
Sol.: In hemichordates, the stomochord is present, skin, epidermal scales or scutes. Exocoetus is a
which is similar to notochord. bony fish whose skin has cycloid/ctenoid scales.
Molluscs and arthopods are non-chordates and do Petromyzon, Calotes and Exocoetus are
not possess notochord while chordates possess poikilothermic animals.
notochord.
173. Answer (2)
Hemichordata was earlier considered as a sub-
Hint: Open circulatory system
phylum under phylum Chordata. But, now it is
placed as a separate phylum under non-chordata. Sol.: Chitinous exoskeleton is present in Apis not
in Chiton. Apis and Chiton both are triploblastic
168. Answer (3)
organisms. Tracheal system is present in Apis, but
Hint: Devoid of scales and paired fins absent in Chiton.
Sol.: Chelone is commonly called turtle. 174. Answer (2)
Carcharodon is a cartilaginous fish. Hint: Character of molluscs
Testudo (Tortoise) is a reptile. Sol.:
Chelone and Testudo are reptiles. Locusta – Chitinous exoskeleton
169. Answer (4) Cucumaria and Ophiura – Echinoderms
Hint: Bony endoskeleton The body of Dentalium is covered by a calcareous
shell and is unsegmented with distinct head,
Sol.: Reptiles and birds exhibit direct
visceral hump and muscular foot.
development. Presence of pneumatic bones is a
characteristic of birds. Homeothermy is shown by 175. Answer (2)
birds and mammals. Hint: Possess gastrovascular cavity
Hemidactylus (wall lizard) and Aptenodytes Sol.: Chordates, arthropods, hemichordates,
(Penguin) belongs to sub-phylum vertebrata and aschelminths, annelids and platyhelminths
possess bony cranium in which brain is enclosed possess bilateral symmetry, whereas,
and also bony vertebral column in the adult. coelenterates possess radial symmetry.
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176. Answer (4) 181. Answer (1)


Hint: A bony fish Hint: Paired structure
Sol.: In bony fishes, the gills are covered by Sol.: Mandibles possess grinding and incising
region.
operculum, cycloid/ctenoid scales are present and
endoskeleton is bony. The mouth part present in cockroach is biting and
chewing type, which enables cockroach to bite and
In the members of class Chondrichthyes, skin is chew hard stuffs, consume soft stuffs and lap up
tough and contain placoid scales, gill slits are liquids.
separate and without operculum (gill cover), 182. Answer (3)
except in Chimaera. Hint: Stores sperms
177. Answer (4) Sol.: A pair of spermatheca are present in female
Hint: Common opening for ingestion and egestion. cockroach only.
In a fertile female, spermatheca is found filled with
Sol.: In coelenterates and platyhelminths, the
spermatozoa, receives during copulation from the
blind sac body plan is present where alimentary
male.
canal has a single opening.
The anal cerci are found in both male and female
Members of phylum Porifera possess cell cockroach and are sensitive to sound and other
aggregate type of body plan and members of vibrations.
phylum Aschelminthes have tube within tube type 183. Answer (3)
of body plan in which the digestive system is Hint: Secrete the ootheca
continuous tube with an opening at each end. Sol.:
178. Answer (4) Anal style – Present only in male
Hint: Character of ctenophores Uricose glands – Help in excretion
Sol.: Comb plates are present in ctenophores Collaterial glands – Present only in female
only. Crop – Opens into gizzard
179. Answer (1) 184. Answer (1)

Hint: Identify a mollusc. Hint: Structure which possesses mouth parts


Sol.: In cockroach, the ommatidia are associated
Sol.:
with compound eyes, which are present in the
Gorgonia – Sea fan head.
Wuchereria – Filarial worm Each eye consists of about 2,000 elements or
units, called ommatidia which are transparent and
Limulus – King crab
more or less hexagonal biconvex areas, capable
180. Answer (1) of forming an image.
Hint: Less than ten 185. Answer (1)
Sol.: Hepatic caecae are present at the junction of Hint: Exclusive character of ctenophores
foregut and midgut. They are 6-8 in number. Sol.: Presence of cnidoblasts is the character of
coelenterates. Bioluminescence is well marked in
Gastric/hepatic caecae are short, narrow, blindly
ctenophores, whereas, digestion is extracellular
ending hollow tubes which secrete digestive and intracellular in both coelenterates and
enzymes into midgut. ctenophores.
The junction of midgut and hindgut is marked by SECTION-B
the presence of ring of 100-150 yellow fine thread- 186. Answer (3)
like structures, the Malpighain tubules. They help Hint: Identify the structures of coelenterates.
in removal of excretory products from Sol.: Gastrovascular cavity and hypostome are
haemolymph. present in coelenterates.
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Gastrovascular cavity is the central cavity of the ventral in position. Female Ascaris is longer than
body that helps in the digestion of food as well as male Ascaris.
in the circulation of materials. 191. Answer (4)
Sponges possess an internal skeleton that Hint: Member of phylum Mollusca
comprises spicules or sponging fibres. Sol.: Presence of mantle cavity is a characteristic
Osculum is the large opening present in sponges. of molluscs.
187. Answer (2) Culex is an arthropod whose body consists of
Hint: Exclusive character of chordates head, thorax and abdomen.
Sol.: Heart is present on the ventral side in Ancylostoma is an aschelminth whose body is
chordates only, whereas, in non-chordates the circular in cross-section.
heart (if present) is located on the dorsal side. Pheretima is an annelid and their body surface is
The non-chordates possess radial as well as distinctly marked out into segments or metameres.
bilateral symmetry. Assymmetric organisms are 192. Answer (2)
also present. Hint: 100-150 in number
Segmentation is seen in annelids, arthropods and Sol.:
chordates, while it is absent in molluscs and
Insects – Malpighian tubules
echinoderms.
Schizocoelom develops by the splitting of Annelids – Nephridia
mesoderm. It is found in annelids, arthropods and Feather-like gills have respiratory and excretory
molluscs. functions in the members of phylum Mollusca.
188. Answer (4) 193. Answer (3)
Hint: Possess parapodia Hint: Sexes are separate
Sol.: Nereis is a dioecious animal. Sol.: In Aschelminthes, the members are
dioecious.
In Spongilla (Fresh water sponge), Fasciola (liver
fluke) and Pleurobrachia sexes are not separate Males and females are distinct externally often
i.e., eggs and sperms are produced by the same females are longer than males. Sperms and ova
individual. are produced by different individuals.
189. Answer (2) In aschelminthes, the digestive system is complete
having two separate openings – mouth and anus.
Hint: Possess notochord
The roundworms have a well-developed muscular
Sol.: Canis and Doliolum both are included in pharynx. The food of parasitic roundworms
phylum Chordata. consists of blood, lymph, partially or fully digested
Canis (Dog) belongs to sub-phylum Vertebrata, food particles which is sucked by the rhythmic
division Gnathostomata and class Mammalia. pumping action of muscular pharynx.
Doliolum belongs to sub-phylum Urochordata. 194. Answer (2)
190. Answer (3) Hint: Possess cnidoblasts
Hint: Poriferans bear choanocytes Sol.: Adamsia belongs to phylum Coelenterata.
Sol.: Adamsia (Sea anemone) belongs to class
Anthozoa. They are exclusively marine and are
Ascaris – Aschelminthes represented by the polyp form. The gastro-
Loligo – Mollusca vascular cavity is divided into compartments by
complete or incomplete mesenteries or septa.
Scoliodon – Cartilaginous fish 195. Answer (3)
Euspongia – Porifera Hint: Between 3 to 7
Flagellated choanocytes are present in sponges. Sol.: In cockroach, 6 ganglia are present in the
Radula is a file-like rasping organ present in mouth abdominal region and 3 ganglia are present in
of molluscs. In cartilaginous fishes, mouth is thoracic region.

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196. Answer (3) Aquatic annelids like Nereis possess lateral


Hint: Protochordates appendages, parapodia which help in swimming.
Sol.: Members of the phylum Aschelminthes are
Pila – Mollusca pseudocoelomate animals.
Asterias – Echinodermata 199. Answer (1)
Saccoglossus – Hemichordata Hint: Identify the amphibian
197. Answer (3)
Sol.: In amphibians, the alimentary canal, urinary
Hint: Paired structure and reproductive tracts open into cloaca which
Sol.: In cockroach, the head is connected with opens to the exterior.
thorax by a short neck. Head of cockroach bears a
pair of simple eyes and a pair of compound eyes. Monkey and blue whale are mammals and do not
possess cloaca.
Just inner to each eye, a pair of long, slender and
multi-segmented antennae are present. They arise 200. Answer (3)
from membranous sockets i.e., antennal sockets Hint: Helps in hearing
lying in front of eyes.
Sol.: Columella auris is present in amphibians.
198. Answer (3)
Hint: Present in closed circulatory system Columella auris is a single ear ossicle present in
middle ear. Flying fox (Pteropus) belongs to class
Sol.: Arthropoda is the largest phylum of kingdom
Animalia. Arthropods possess open circulatory Mammalia and possess ventral heart,
system, which is devoid of blood capillaries. metanephric kidneys and vertebral column.

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