Grade 5 Compose A Melody Marking Theory

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Grade Five

"Compose an eight-bar melody for instrument or voice." (15 points)

 Notation is legible and neat


 Notation is accurate
 Length is eight bars, with two complementary phrases of four bars each (taking into
account upbeats).
 Performance directions are meaningful, and include tempo, dynamics and
articulation. No spelling mistakes, written in the correct place (above/below stave,
dynamics under note(s) affected).
 Suitability to instrument - range is appropriate, articulation/bowing/breathing marks.
(Up/down bow marks are not obligatory but if present must be meaningful.)
 Word-stress is correct (the stressed syllable of a word should fall on the beat, the
stressed words in a line of poetry should fall on the strong beats).
 Syllables are broken correctly (e.g. en-ter-tain-ment, not ent-ert-ainm-ent).
 Sequencing of melody - some of the opening material in bars 1-2 should be re-used
elsewhere in the composition in the form of diatonic melodic sequences. Each
phrase must be connected melodically by the re-use of material, preferably by
reusing the melody in a slightly altered way. Rhythmic motifs can also be re-used,
although their impact on making the piece cohesive is usually less powerful.
 Cadences. The piece should end with notes which would fit against a conventional
cadence. Perfect cadences are easiest to manipulate, but plagal cadences also
work. At the end of the first phrase (the half-way point) it is preferable to also keep
a cadence in mind (perfect or imperfect).
 Overall impact. Sometimes a composition complies with the "rules" but doesn't
sound good. Sometimes a piece breaks the conventional rules but is very pleasing.
Having an "overall impact" category allows for this. I never tell my students "it
doesn't sound nice" without giving a reason, because they will need to know why it
doesn't sound nice. Often it is the use of augmented or diminished intervals in the
melody, too much repetition making it monotonous, lack of sequencing making the
piece sound "meandering", use of inappropriate syncopation or a melody which
contains too many leaps (most melodies are based on small steps of movement).
Melodies which break the above rules but sound ok are often based on modes
rather than the diatonic system (like a lot of pop/folk music).

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