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    Photosynthesis

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    tanaythegreat999
    Photosynthesis involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. During the light-dependent reactions, chlorophyll in the thylakoid membranes absorbs light energy to excite electrons and create a proton gradient across the membrane. This gradient is used to produce ATP and NADPH through electron transport. In the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the chloroplast stroma, atmospheric CO2 is fixed into organic compounds like glucose using the energy from ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions. Oxygen is released as a byproduct during the splitting of water that occurs as part of the light-dependent reactions.

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    Photosynthesis

    Uploaded by

    tanaythegreat999
    9 views2 pages
    Photosynthesis involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. During the light-dependent reactions, chlorophyll in the thylakoid membranes absorbs light energy to excite electrons and create a proton gradient across the membrane. This gradient is used to produce ATP and NADPH through electron transport. In the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the chloroplast stroma, atmospheric CO2 is fixed into organic compounds like glucose using the energy from ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions. Oxygen is released as a byproduct during the splitting of water that occurs as part of the light-dependent reactions.

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    Photosynthesis involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. During the light-dependent reactions, chlorophyll in the thylakoid membranes absorbs light energy to excite electrons and create a proton gradient across the membrane. This gradient is used to produce ATP and NADPH through electron transport. In the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the chloroplast stroma, atmospheric CO2 is fixed into organic compounds like glucose using the energy from ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions. Oxygen is released as a byproduct during the splitting of water that occurs as part of the light-dependent reactions.

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    9 views2 pages

    Photosynthesis

    Uploaded by

    tanaythegreat999
    Photosynthesis involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. During the light-dependent reactions, chlorophyll in the thylakoid membranes absorbs light energy to excite electrons and create a proton gradient across the membrane. This gradient is used to produce ATP and NADPH through electron transport. In the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the chloroplast stroma, atmospheric CO2 is fixed into organic compounds like glucose using the energy from ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions. Oxygen is released as a byproduct during the splitting of water that occurs as part of the light-dependent reactions.

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    Photosynthesis


    Chlorophyll in the thylakoid membranes absorbs photons to initiate light reaction.
     Photosystem II is located on the outer surface of the thylakoid membrane, where it absorbs
    light energy from chlorophyll molecules.
     The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes, while the Calvin cycle
    occurs in the stroma.
     The light dependent cycle uses the energy to remove electrons from light to produce oxygen
    gas and reducing power.
     Light absorption occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
     Light energy is used by chloroplasts to convert ADP into ATP, which powers the Calvin
    cycle.
     Light energy absorbed by photosystem II causes electrons to be excited and transferred to an
    electron acceptor, creating a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane.
     The Calvin cycle converts CO2 into glucose using ATP and NADPH produced during
    photosynthesis.
     The absorbed light energy causes electrons in photosystem II to be excited and move to an
    electron acceptor, creating a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane.
     Photosynthetic organisms use carbon dioxide as their source of carbon.
     In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the plant through stomata or other openings
    in its leaves.
     Light-independent reactions are also called the dark reactions because they do not require
    light.
     Photosystem II absorbs light energy and transfers it to an electron acceptor, producing oxygen
    as a waste product.
     Electron transfer between photosystems results in the production of ATP through
    photophosphorylation.
     Water is split during photosynthesis, releasing hydrogen atoms that are combined with carbon
    dioxide to form glucose.
     ATP synthase enzyme converts this proton gradient into chemical potential energy stored as
    ATP.
     Oxygen is produced as a waste product during photosynthesis.
     Carbon fixation involves the conversion of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into organic
    compounds such as sugars or starches.
     Carbon fixation involves the conversion of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into organic
    compounds such as sugars or starches.
     Water (H2O) is taken up by the roots and transported throughout the plant.
     NADPH is produced through photolysis of water using electrons from photosystem II.
     Electron transport chain (ETC) involves the transfer of electrons through a series of protein
    complexes embedded in the thylakoid membrane.
     During the light-dependent reaction, water is split into oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
     NADPH is formed when electrons are passed on to ferredoxin and then to NADP+.
     In plants, this process takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts through the Calvin cycle.
     Electron transport chain involves transferring electrons between different proteins embedded
    in the thylakoid membrane.
     Light absorbed by photosystem II causes an electron to be removed from water (H2O) and
    transferred through a series of protein complexes called the electron transport chain.
     The Calvin cycle is a series of biochemical reactions that convert CO2 into sugar molecules
    using light-generated reducing power from NADPH.

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