The Numismatist - Março-2023

MUSEUM TRIPS ◾ COIN HUNTING GROUNDS ◾ MODERN MEDALS
TheNumısmatıst
MARCH 2023 $5.95
• •
for collectors of coins, medals, tokens & paper money money.org
THE G R E E N
A STEA
ADFAST
FRIEND
D
S
FAMILY :
The Frassers’’
Collaboration Medal
ELEUSINIAN
MYSTERIES
Coins of an Ancient
Religious Institution
Stack's Bowers Galleries is Pleased to Present
The Sydney F. Martin

Collection – Part III
Auction: March 21-24, 2023 • Costa Mesa, California
Expo Lot Viewing: March 14-17, 2023 • Baltimore, Maryland
Exceptional (1659) Lord Baltimore Maryland Denarium

The First Copper Coin of North America
VF 35 (PCGS)
VF-35 (P
P
PCGS)
Second Finest Known
The Middle Colonies Sale

Featuring Colonial and Confederation era coinages from New York south to the Carolinas and re-
lated issues, Part III in our presentation of the cabinet of Sydney F. Martin will include remarkably
complete offerings from the following categories: Sommer Islands (Bermuda) coinage, American
Plantations tokens, Virginia coinage, Elephant tokens, Maryland coinages including Lord Baltimore,
John Chalmers and Standish Barry issues, Nova Constellatio coppers, Immune Columbia pieces,
Confederatio and related pieces, New York Excelsior and related copper coinage, Machin’s Mills half-
pence, 1788 Connecticut coppers, Nova Eborac coppers, Regulated gold, Mott tokens, Kentucky
tokens, Talbot, Allum & Lee cents, Castorland tokens, and other miscellaneous issues.
For more information contact:
Kevin Vinton - [email protected] or Vicken Yegparian - [email protected]
LEGENDARY COLLECTIONS | LEGENDARY RESULTS | A LEGENDARY AUCTION FIRM
1550 Scenic Ave., Ste. 150, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 • 949.253.0916 • 800.458.4646
470 Park Ave., New York, NY 10022 • 212.582.2580 • 800.566. 2580 • [email protected]
84 State St., Boston, MA 02109 • 617.843.8343 • [email protected]
1735 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19103 • 267.609.1804 • [email protected]
[email protected] • StacksBowers.com America’s Oldest and Most Accomplished
California • New York • Boston • Philadelphia • New Hampshire • Oklahoma • Hong Kong • Paris Rare Coin Auctioneer
SBG NUMMar_Martin3_230301 Q. David Bowers ANA LM 336
The Official Auction of the 2023 Whitman Coins & Collectibles Spring Expo
Tangible’s Paying Record Prices
1796 50¢ 1794 $1 MS63+ 1876 $3 1879 $4 1895 $10 1891 $20 1929 $20
VF35 We Paid Well Over PF65 PF67 CAM PF64 DCAM NGC PF65+ MS64 PCGS
We Paid $112,000 $3,000,000 We paid $144,000 We Paid $425,000 We paid $40,800 We Paid $300,000 We paid $72,000
Record prices for Bullion & Generic Coins - Here’s a Sample!
Silver Eagles Silver Rounds 90% Silver

and Bars 1 oz 10¢ & 25¢ $17 x face Morgan Dollars Peace Dollars
spot + $4.00 VG+ $32 + up VG $26 + up
Sealed Boxes +$5.00 + up Spot + $1.5 + up 50¢ $18 x face
AU $39 + up AU $27 + up
Prices & Premiums change rapidly. These prices are as of 01/30/23. Please BU $48 + up BU $30 + up
call for up to minute quotations. We are the strongest in the country and very Original $52,000 Original $35,000
Bags + up Bags + up
aggressive. We will match or beat any prices. We can pay CASH if desired.
Ultra Rare Coins 1879 Coiled Hair Stella 1880 Coiled Hair Stella
Desperately PF63 $350,000 + up PF63 $600,000 + up
PF64 $700,000 + up PF64 $850,000 + up
Needed PF65 $850,000 + up PF65 $1,200,000 + up
We Pay: PF66 $1,300,000 + up PF66 $1,500,000 + up
U.S.Gold – Strongest Buyers Anywhere! VF undamaged
$1 Gold $2.50 Gold $3 Gold $4 Gold $5 Liberty Gold $5 Indian Gold $10 Liberty Gold $10 Indian Gold
$200 up to $300 up to $500 up to $25,000 up to $450 up to $525 up to $925 up to $1,050 up to
$500,000 $500,000 $5,000,000 $3,000,000 $2,500,000 $1,000,000 $1,000,000 $1,000,000
$20 Liberty & Territorial PanPac

St. Gaudens $50 $50 Octagon
and Round
$1,800 $20,000
$30,000
& up to up to up to
$5,000,000 $1,000,000 $1,000,000
Remarkable Performance. Personalized Transactions.

Always buying collections,
accumulations, Individual
(888) 818-4115
Certified or un-Certified Rare Coins www.tii1.com
1910 South Coast Hwy
3 members of the RARE COINS CURRENCY PRECIOUS METALS JEWELRY FINE ART & ANTIQUES Laguna Beach, CA 92651
Contents
03 at
No.
V OL U M E 1 3 6
M AR C H 2 02 3 for collectors of coins, medals, tokens & paper money
30
The Green Family’s Maryland Currency
Printing ran in the blood of these relatives, who
produced colonial paper money for generations.
David Schenkman
COVER STORY
Photo: ANA Museum/
Robert B. Kelley
Material: The Victor
Trading Co.
PAGE 41 PAGE 49
FEATURES
41
NUMISMATIC ART Thank You for Being a Friend
Harry Waterson James Earle Fraser and Laura Gardin Fraser sculpted mementos of their pal
E.A. Robinson, a Pulitzer Prize-winning poet.
49
ANCIENTS The Eleusinian Mysteries
Aedan Garcia Motifs on ancient Greek coinage pertaining to an enigmatic religious
institution reveal little about the cult’s secret rites.
MARCH 2023 mo n ey . o r g | T h e N U M I S M ATIST 3

®
Sell Your Coins with

The Original Maker
With a 1,100-year history dealing in coinage, we can help you
sell your coin or collection by showcasing your consignment
to interested buyers.
Find out more at royalmint.com/auction
royalmint.com
C E L E B R AT E | C O L L E C T | I N V E S T | S E C U R E | D I S C O V E R Scan the Code
4 T he NUMI SMATI ST | m on e y.or g MARCH 2023

Contents
Contemporary continued
canvas.
PAGE 75
DEPARTMENTS
9 FROM YOUR PRESIDENT 55 ANCIENT &

MEDIEVAL COINS
Energizing events.
Church and senate.
Dr. Ralph Ross
Allen G. Berman
11 EDITOR’S NOTE
The Big Apple. 57 TOKENS & MEDALS
Ship designer.
Caleb Noel
David Schenkman
13 LETTERS
January praise, in 59 PAPER MONEY
Wisconsin bank closures.
memoriam, correction.
Wendell Wolka
14 CONTRIBUTORS
61 ANA NEWS
17 U.S. COINS
Discarded beauty.
Call for Sundman
Lectures, coin show
David McCarthy Tools of the trade. safety tips, Presidential
PAGE 55 Award recipients.
Financial
failures.
PAGE 59
Civil Wa
a engineer.
ar g
19 BUDGET-MINDED
GET-MINDED
Enough to go ’round
d.
P GE 57
PAG
Al Doyle
21 TREASURES IN
YOUR POCKET
Places to pick.
Sam Gelberd Spartan legacy. PAGE 29
23 NEWS & NOTES

Obscure U.S. Mint medals,
m , 72 MEMBERSHIP
Tolkien commem,
ANS fellowship. 75 MONEY MUSEUM
Modern medals.
Andy Dickes

Contents
BOARD OF GOVERNORS [email protected]
continued
Dr. Ralph Ross, President
PO Box 16512
Sugar Land, TX 77496-6512
Phone: 713-829-8022 DEPARTMENTS
Email: [email protected]
Joseph E. Boling, Vice President

PO Box 29344 77 COUNTERFEIT DETECTION
2002 silver American Eagle.
Indianapolis, IN 46229-0344
Phone: 317-894-2506
79 THE YN PERSPECTIVE
Museum masterpieces.
Michael L. Ellis, Governor CJ Buchanan
320 Campbell Dr., Apt. 213
Computer-generated
Computer generated dies
dies.
81
Camilla, GA 31730-6394
Phone 229-319-8130 AROUND THE WORLD
PAGE 77
Email: [email protected] Bankrupt business.
Ursula Kampmann
Mary Lynn Garrett, Governor
1707 Nicholasville Rd., Suite 1
Lexington, KY 40503-1424
83 CLASSIFIED ADS
Phone: 859-276-1551
85 EARLY AMERICAN MONEY

Y
Mark Lighterman, Governor Lion around.
5224 W. State Rd. 46 #408 Ray Williams
Sanford, FL 32771-9230
89
Phone: 407-688-7006
Email: [email protected] GETTING STARTED
It all adds up.
Clifford Mishler, Governor Mitch Sanders
PO Box 316, 105 N. Main St.
Iola, WI 54945-0316
Phone: 715-445-5050
93 COLLECTOR’S PRICE GUIDE
Silver 3 cents, half dimes,
dimes, 20 cents, quarters.
Charles Morgan, Governor

PO Box 6450 103 ADVERTISER INDEX
104
Glen Allen, VA 23060
HUMOR
Phone: 434-242-7360
Email: [email protected] Online gold mine.
Jerry Cestkowski
Rob Oberth, Governor
1185 Cobb Pkwy. N.
Marietta, GA 30062
Phone: 404-556-2495
Email: [email protected] Dutch dollars.
Dutc
D Medal manufacturers.
PAGE 85
PAG
P PAGE 81
Shanna Schmidt, Governor

805 Lake St., PMB 321
Oak Park, IL 60301-1031
Phone: 708-655-4836
The American Numismatic Association (ANA), a nonprofit, IInternet “

“experts.”
”
educational organization, was founded in 1891 and claims PAGE 104
members all over the world. The Association’s official magazine,
The Numismatist, was first published in 1888 by Dr. George F.
Heath. Chartered for 50 years by an Act of Congress in 1912 and
renewed in perpetuity by an Act of Congress on June 10, 1962,
the ANA is a mutual organization for the benefit of its members.
It does not discriminate against applicants or employees on
the basis of age, race, sex, sexual orientation, color, religion,
national origin, disability, or any other status protected by state
or local law. MARCH 2023
JOIN
OR RENEW
YO U R M E M B E R S H I P I N T H E
WORLD’S BIGGEST
COMMUNITY OF
COLLECTORS!
A wealth of knowledge is available to members
o=|_;l;ub1-mlbvl-ঞ1vvo1b-|bomĺ
Whether you’re new to the hobby or an
advanced collector, we’ve got great pro-
]u-lv7;vb]m;7fv|=ouoĺ
THE NUMISMATIST MAGAZINE

bv|_;]oѴ7v|-m7-u7o=_o00r0Ѵb1-ঞomvĺ -1_lom|_Ѵ
bvv;=;-|u;v0;-ঞ=ѴѴbѴѴv|u-|;7-uঞ1Ѵ;v|_-|=o1vom
|_;=mķ|_;_bv|ou-m7|_;-ѴѴu;o=1obm1oѴѴ;1ঞm]ĺ
m7-v-l;l0;uķo_-;=u;;-11;vv|olou;|_-mƐƒƏ YES! O I want to join O I want to renew
volumes of $_;lbvl-ࢼv|from 1888 to the present! PLATINUM Ŏ$_;lbvl-ࢼv|7;Ѳb;u;70l-bѲŏ
O Ages 5-17 $26 O Ages 18-64 $46 O Ages 65-plus $41
COIN COLLECTING RESOURCES GOLD Ŏ$_;lbvl-ࢼv|7b]b|-ѲňomѲ;uvbomŏ
are just a click away at lom;ĸou]ĸ Free webinars covering O Ages 5-17 $16 O Ages 18-plus $30
;;ubl-]bm-0Ѵ;|orb1ķ-mlbvl-ঞ1Ѵ;m7bm]Ѵb0u-uķb7;ovķ O uĺO uvĺ O vĺ
blogs, podcasts, virtual Money Museum exhibits, directo-
Name
ub;v|o_;ѴroCm77;-Ѵ;uv-m71obm1Ѵ0vķom]1oѴѴ;1|ou
ruo]u-lvķ-m7vol1_lou;ĺ Street, City, State, Zip
EVENTS & EDUCATIONAL Email Ŏu;tbu;7=ouoѲ7l;l0;uv_brŏ
ADVENTURES including seminars, workshops Phone

ANA#
Birthdate Ŏu;tbu;7=ou-];7bv1om|ŏ
-m71ouu;vrom7;m1;1ouv;vĺm7ķl;l0;uvu;1;b;=u;;
-7lbvvbom|o|_;0b]];v|ķlov|;71-ঞom-Ѵ1obmv_ovbm PAYMENT OPTIONS
the country, the World’s Fair of Money®-m7|_;-ঞom-Ѵ
O Check O Visa O MasterCard O AmEx O Discover
Money Show®ĺ
Name on Card
EXCLUSIVE MEMBER DISCOUNTS -u7l0;u rĺ -|;

om0oohvķ_o00r0Ѵb1-ঞomv-m71oѴѴ;1ঞombmvu-m1;ĺ Billing Zip Code
CVV
+ |o|_;-m7v;m7b|_-rrѴb1-ঞom|oĹ

ķѶƐѶĺ-v1-7;;m;ķoѴou-7o"rubm]vķѶƏƖƏƒŊƒƑƕƖ
Our knowledgeable team is available weekdays 8 AM to 5 PM MST | Ɛ҃ѶƏƏ҃ƔƐƓ҃ƑѵƓѵŇ !"җ +ĺ! MONEY.ORG
$Ƒƒ
From Your President Dr. Ralph Ross ANA 1096461
EXCITING TRAVELS
AMERICAN NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION The joys of numismatic events are unparalleled.
818 N. Cascade Ave.
F
Colorado Springs, CO 80903
Phone: 719-632-2646 • Fax: 719-634-4085
Email: [email protected] or college basketball fans like me, this time of year is all about March
facebook.com/numismatics Madness and the NCAA Division I Men’s Basketball Tournament. The
twitter.com/ANACoins term “madness” captures the energy and camaraderie surrounding the
OFFICE HOURS games. As ANA president, I feel a similar energy and camaraderie at
Monday-Friday, 8 a.m.-5 p.m. (MT)
numismatic events. It is a pleasure to meet and work with so many wonderful
MUSEUM HOURS
Tuesday-Saturday, 10:30 a.m.-5 p.m. (MT) numismatists and ANA members in my travels, near and far.
At the Michigan State Numismatic Society
CORPORATE OFFICERS (MSNS) convention last November, I presented
Kimberly Kiick an educational workshop on “The Future of
Executive Director & Publisher Coins and Currency in Our Society” for the sec-
For a complete staff directory,
visit MONEY.ORG.
ond year in a row, with Bitcoin and cryptocur- I feel a similar
rency as ancillary topics. I celebrated my birth-
energy and
Lawrence P. Baber Treasurer
day at the show and enjoyed the company of
Sanford Pearl Secretary MSNS Past President Al Bobrofsky; his wife, camaraderie at
Hollie Wieland General Counsel Ann; and other MSNS members. numismatic events.
Greg Lyon Parliamentarian I then traveled to the Florida United
Q. David Bowers Historian
Numismatists (FUN) 68th Annual Convention
P HOTOS: R ALP H R OSS ( NY INC) & R OBER T B. KELLEY

ANA SERVICES DIRECTORY (January 5-8), where I received a warm wel-
Accounting [email protected] come from President Bob Hurst and retiring
Administration [email protected] Convention Coordinator Cindy Wibker. (Thank you, Cindy, for a job well
Advertising [email protected]
Conventions [email protected] done.) A highlight for many at this exceptional show was the Astronauts
Donations [email protected] Memorial Foundation’s special panel discus-
Education [email protected] sion with Bob Mellor and the developers of the
Insurance [email protected]
Library [email protected]
first non-fungible physical enabled note.
Mediation [email protected] At the New York International Numismatic
Membership [email protected] Convention (January 11-14), I connected with
Museum [email protected]
Public Relations [email protected]
American Numismatic Society (ANS) Presi-
Publications [email protected] dent Ute Wartenberg and Executive Director
Seminars [email protected] Dr. Gilles Bransbourg. It was a great opportu-
Subscriptions [email protected] nity for the ANA and ANS to come together
Website [email protected]
and share our common goal of forging a stron-
▲ PRESIDENT ROSS and his wife, ger numismatic community. The ANS Gala
MEMBERSHIP DUES/SUBSCRIPTIONS*
Platinum (printed magazine)** . . . . . . $ 46 Phyllis, enjoyed the ANS Gala with held at the Harvard Club was the place to be as
2 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 numismatist David Hendin, ANA we honored both David Hendin for his master-
3 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Age 5 to 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Executive Director Kim Kiick, and ful numismatic research and Heritage Auctions
Age 65 & older . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Heritage Auctions CEO Steve Ivy. Chief Executive Officer Steve Ivy for his out-
Life standing support and contributions to numis-
Age 54 & under . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,200
Age 55 & older . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900 matics. New York City is a special place, and my wife, Phyllis, and
Non-member subscription . . . . . . . . . 48 I attended the Tony Award-winning MJ: The Musical on Broadway, a gift
Gold (online magazine) . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 30 from our daughter, Dr. Jillian Ross.
2 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
3 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 I hope to see you at this month’s National Money Show® in Phoenix, Ari-
Age 5 to 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 zona. And don’t forget that our 100th annual National Coin Week will be held
Life
Age 54 & under . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800
April 16-22. This year’s theme is “Our Money, Our Heritage, Our America.”
Age 55 & older . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600 Thank you for choosing the ANA
Silver (online magazine) as your friendly national coin club!
Associate (spouse/child, same address) 16
Club (printed magazine)** . . . . . . . . . $ 75
2 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
3 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Life (25 years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,750
* Dues and subscriptions are nonrefundable.
** For delivery outside the United States,
please add $36 per year.
mo n ey . o r g | T h e N U M I S M ATIST 9
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC
sets a new world record for a

Roman Imperial coin...
$2.3 million!
Diocletian 10-aurei ‘Denio’
Triton XXVI, Lot 830
Triton XXVI Total: $13.5 million / Presale Estimate: $7.2 million
12 Coins Exceed $100,000 each!
Make Your Own History with CNG, LLC and Consign Today!
www.cngcoins.com
See us at the Long Beach
Expo, February 2-4
Table 802!
US OFFICE UK OFFICE
CNG
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC
EU OFFICE
See us at the ANA National
Money Show, March 2-4
Table 601!
EMAIL & WEBSITE

PO Box 479, Lancaster, PA 17608-0479 20 Bloomsbury Street, London WC1B 3QA, UK 64A Noordeinde Email [email protected]
Phone (717) 390.9194 Fax (717) 390.9978 Phone +44.20.7495.1888 Fax +44.20.7499.5916 The Hague, Netherlands ZH 2514 GK Website www.cngcoins.com
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (PA License Number AY002406)

Jeffrey B. Rill (PA License No. AU006206); Brian Callahan (PA License No. AU005870)
Editor’s Note Caleb Noel ANA 3172566
PUBLISHER
Kimberly Kiick
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Caleb Noel
ASSOCIATE EDITOR
NEW YORK, NEW YORK!
Darcie M. Graybill The NYINC was the place to be.
ASSISTANT EDITOR
A
Olivia McCommons
EDITORIAL ASSISTANT s I write this message, I’ve just returned from the New York International
Sydney Stewart Numismatic Convention, held at the InterContinental New York Barclay
ADVERTISING Hotel in Midtown Manhattan (January 12-15). Working side by side with
PRODUCTION COORDINATOR Executive Director Kim Kiick and Executive Assistant Donna Nuñez,
Shayla Bradford I enjoyed signing up new members, connecting with the ANA’s Board of
ADVERTISING SALES MANAGER Governors, and conversing with magazine authors, including “Around the
Nathan McAllister World” columnist Ursula Kampmann (below).
CONTRIBUTING EDITORS In the evenings, I experienced the magic of New
Harlan J. Berk, Allen Berman, York City, visited the Museum of Modern Art,
Fred Borgmann, Q. David Bowers, caught up with an old mentor of mine, and
Roger Boye, Roger Burdette, enjoyed a couple of nice dinners. All in all, I’d
The Association has
Kenneth E. Bressett, H. Robert Campbell, say it was a successful trip. worked diligently in
John Dannreuther, Thomas K. DeLorey, Despite COVID-19, the Association has recent years to expand
Bill Eckberg, David Fanning,
worked diligently in recent years to expand its
international reach, and the magazine plays an its international reach.
Arthur M. Fitts III, Prue Morgan Fitts,
Bill Fivaz, Arthur Friedberg, David L.
Ganz, Jeff Garrett, Kenneth L. Hallen- essential role in this. The members with whom
beck, Gene Hessler, Michael J. Hodder, I spoke crave content that expands beyond the
R.W. Julian, Julian Leidman, United States, and I’m excited to collaborate
Charles J. Opitz, Donn Pearlman, with some of them on future articles that will
P HOTO: DANIEL BAUMBACH

Steve Roach, David L. Saurer, David increase our world currency coverage.
Schenkman, Carlton F. Schwan, Daniel I was equally excited to work on this month’s
Sedwick, Richard Snow, Anthony
features. Our cover story, “The Green Family’s
Swiatek, Scott A. Travers, Kerry
Wetterstrom, Wendell Wolka
Maryland Currency” (p. 30), introduces readers to a
prominent colonial line that was responsible for pro-
“Platinum” membership dues include ducing paper money during our country’s infancy.
$30 for a one-year subscription to the Writes author David Schenkman, “While an entire
print edition of The Numismatist. book could be written about this illustrious family,
Editorial offices: 818 North Cascade the purpose of this article is to highlight their lives in
Avenue, Colorado Springs, CO 80903- Maryland and provide an overview of the notes they
3279, phone 719-632-2646. Advertising
inquiries should be directed to the printed over a period of 25 years.” Harry Waterson
Advertising Sales Manager (719-482- shows off the numismatic masterpieces that James
9867, [email protected]); all other Earle and Laura Gardin Fraser created for poet E.A.
matters concerning The Numismatist Robinson (“Thank You for Being a Friend,” p. 41). And Aedan Garcia’s spir-
should be addressed to the Editor- ited article tells the story of an ancient religious institution and its enigmatic
in-Chief (719-482-9857, editor@
coinage (“The Eleusinian Mysteries,” p. 49).
money.org). Editorial contributors
should refer to the magazine’s “Infor- In closing, I’d like to take a moment to remember David W. Lange, a
mation for Authors,” accessible online longtime ANA columnist and dear friend who passed away on January 16.
at money.org. I had the pleasure of working with David for almost eight years before he
The Publications Department assumes retired his popular “USA Coin Album” column last August. That same
no responsibility for unsolicited photo- month, I interviewed David for the magazine (p. 11), and we chatted about
graphs and manuscripts. Opinions ex-
his life and career. At the time, he needed to take a bittersweet step back
pressed in articles published in The Nu-
mismatist are those of the authors and from his writing and research, which he knew would stand the test of time.
do not necessarily represent the views He wrote, “Since I don’t have children, my legacy will be primarily what
of the American Numismatic Associ- I’ve published in the field of numismatics and how much value it will have
ation or the Publications Department to future generations.” I share in the hobby com-
staff. The Publisher reserves the right munity’s collective grief over his passing. (Visit
to decline or cancel any advertisement.
©2023 American Numismatic Asso-
p. 72 to learn more about Lange’s life and innumer-
ciation. All rights reserved. Reproduc- able contributions to the hobby.)
tion in whole or in part without written
permission is prohibited. The Numis-
matist is a registered trademark of the
American Numismatic Association.
mo n ey . o r g | T h e N U M I S M ATIST 11
WHAT’S NEW @
SPRING
COIN SHOW
MARCH 31 STǨ$35,/ ND
SELL . BUY . TRADE . FREE APPRAISALS . BOOKS
SUPPLIES . RAFFLE . BULLION BOUGHT & SOLD
MARRIOTT ALBUQUERQUE PYRAMID NORTH
ABQCC.ORG
0$77ǨǨ
MONEY.ORG
COIN COLLECTING VIDEO VIGNETTES
Video Vignettes are short videos produced by the ANA and designed
to help you become a smarter, more informed collector. Topics include
beginning a collection, inheriting coins, understanding coin grading,
and more. In one of our more popular videos, former ANA Numismatic
Educator Rod Gillis highlights some of the most common misconcep-
tions regarding coin collecting.
money.org/coin-collecting-misconceptions-video
AMERICAN NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION

ƒѵƏ҃ ! (!$&$&!
THE MEDAL IN AMERICA
View the ANA Money Museum’s expansive exhibit The Medal in
America from the comfort of your own home. American medals
have been used to celebrate individuals, record events, and
indicate the power and prestige of individuals or the nation
since their inception during the American Revolution. Immerse
yourself in the history of medals with a three-dimensional
exploration of the Money Museum’s current exhibit.
money.org/medal-in-america-vrtour
! ""҄

ľ $ ! "Ĺ+ !"$"Ŀ
==13!%$= Collecting friends Steve Roach and Dennis Tucker are back with
1*!5==19#!5=%*+!= another ANA Coin Press blog post. In this episode, they discuss
1+!3=!.1:!= WKHÀUVWVODEEHGFRLQVWKH\SXUFKDVHG7KH\LQFOXGHKHOSIXO
!6',=!2+!=<= 3!!=57%.7!5= information on classic “Rattler” slabs and how their experiences
differ when it comes to their collecting interests. Both Steve and
Dennis write about coins professionally, and this blog provides a
=81(81/= =1/6&"--1== = way for them to discuss different collecting topics together.
35561(7101+1.= EORJPRQH\RUJFRLQFROOHFWLQJP\ÀUVWVODE
;45571)6101.=

Letters m a g a zi n e @m on e y . org
BUY/SELL
January praise ... in memoriam ... correction.
GOLD
COINS ,
A Great Issue can collect and share stories about,
I want to compliment the magazine even with non-numismatists and not
about the January issue, which had bore them much. I don’t collect in any
many articles about numismatic his- of these areas, but it was nice to read
tory instead of articles just about
money. The bit about Augustus Hum-
about them. Good job.
Ted Puls, ANA 1147586 PRECIOUS METALS,
bert included some interesting history RARE COINS & more.
(“Humbert’s Coins,” p. 17), and the Gone Too Soon
SPOLERIMP article (“‘SPOLER- We were greatly saddened to learn of
SINCE 1967
IMP’ Coins, Part 3,” p. 23) gives the David Lange’s death on January 16.
treasure-hunting collector a new ob- We first met David in the 1980s when
ject to search for. Bessie Coleman on we were all members of the Fremont
the new quarter (p. 28) was about the Coin Club in California. From that
history and story behind the issue, point forward, David became a good
even though it isn’t a million-dollar friend and mentor to both of us. He
coin. Saint Eligius is always an easy always answered our numismatic
win for a story (“The Works of Saint queries from his expert knowledge
Eligius,” p. 30), but it did have a and dedication to the hobby. We al- WILLIAMYOUNGERMAN.COM
commercial interest in selling a ways appreciated his work, as he did 1-800-327-5010
limited-edition wooden nickel. “The ours. He will be sorely missed. Rest in Bank of America Building
150 E. Palmetto Pk. Rd. Suite #101
King’s College Literary Society Med- peace, David. Boca Raton, FL 33432 ANA LM 2498
als” article (p. 34) and U.S. proof Nancy Oliver & Richard Kelly,
coin research (“A Brief History of ANA 3158178 & 1176384
United States Proof Coins, Part 1”
p. 42) were especially enlightening. January Correction
The 2-franc elephant coin struck for I must comment on a line in Mitch
the Belgian Congo is much more es- Sanders’s January column (“Class Is
teemed in my eyes after reading about in Session, Part 3,” p. 79). He de-
its storied past (“A Bad Day at the scribes the vignette on the back of
U.S. Mint,” p. 50), and the “graffiti” the $2 bill as “the assembled signers
on the 1797 Draped Bust dollar (“Trail of the Declaration of Indepen-
of Tears,” p. 55) makes it way more dence .” That scene actually shows
interesting. The worn-out punched the presentation of the draft of the
coin article (“Minstrel Music,” p. 57) Declaration of Independence from
again shows a fascinating area of nu- the committee that drafted it to
mismatics and presents a rare object Charles Thomson (standing) and
to learn about and ponder. Daniel Em- John Hancock, the secretary and
mett even looks like me. The paper- president, respectively, of the Sec-
money research about Charleston’s ond Continental Congress. The five
bank buildings (p. 59) added to an committee members standing oppo-
exceptional magazine issue. site are John Adams, Roger Sher-
All these articles were fun to read, man, Robert R. Livingston, Thomas
with items that everyday collectors Jefferson, and Benjamin Franklin.
The draft presentation took place in
June (by Jefferson alone), and most
Opinions expressed are those of the did not sign until August 2. Some did
authors and do not necessarily rep- not sign until the following year.
resent the views of the ANA or the Yes, I suppose it’s true that most of
editorial staff. The Numismatist the figures there did eventually sign,
reserves the right to edit comments but not at the time of this scene (which
for length and clarity. actually never happened). The illus-
▶ Send letters to [email protected]. tration is commonly misinterpreted.
Joseph E. Boling, LM 2888

Contributors
Award-winning author and years and is a former presi- received the Georgia
“Tokens & Medals” colum- dent of the Token and Medal Stamm Chamberlain Award
nist David Schenkman owns Society and the Civil War from the Medal Collectors
Turtle Hill Banjo Company Token Society. He was in- of America. Waterson is
in La Plata, Maryland. The ducted into the ANA’s Hall currently completing a cat-
2013 recipient of the ANA’s of Fame in 2015. In 2022 alog of the medallic works
Farran Zerbe Memorial Schenkman received the first of sculptor Julio Kilenyi.
Award for Distinguished Ser- and second place Heath Lit-
vice, he served as editor of erary Award, as well as the Mike Costanzo has written
the Token and Medal Soci- first place Catherine Sheehan several articles for The
ety’s TAMS Journal for many Literary Award for U.S. Numismatist, including the
Paper Money Studies. October 2020 cover story,
COSTANZO “Long Shots, Bridesmaids &
Aedan Garcia is an under- Near Misses: The 1936-37
graduate student studying Harry Waterson is an ac- Commemoratives that Could
classics at the University of tive numismatic researcher Have Been.” He has also
Toronto. He specializes in and cataloger. He won a authored two books concern-
ancient mythology and its bronze Mishler Exonumia ing the United States presi-
connection with religious Cataloging Award from the dency. His interests include
ritual. Additionally, Garcia Token and Medal Society coinage and medals of the
researches theologies that in 2013 for his catalogue U.S. Mint, as well as world
developed around nature. raisonné (or critical cata- patterns. An avid reader and
He is particularly interested log) The Medal-Of-The- book collector, he is also a
in Egyptian religion, Neo- Month Club Created by Fe- member of the Numismatic
SCHENKMAN platonism, and alchemy. licity Buranelli. In 2016 he Bibliomania Society. ■
AVAILABLE APRIL 2023

# 1
B E S T -S E L
P R IC E
O VE R 25
G U
L IN G
ID E
M IL LI O N
20 2 4 RED BOOK !
MORE COINS, MORE MINTAGES,
LD !
CO PI ES SO
MORE PHOTOS, MORE VALUES,

MORE INFORMATION
THAN EVER BEFORE!
Large Print ................. $29.95
Spiralbound ................ $17.95
Hardcover .................. $19.95
Hidden Spiral .............. $24.95
* Back by popular demand!
MARY COUNTS ANA 1206512

ANA MEMBERS MAY USE CODE A6 TO RECEIVE 10% OFF YOUR ORDER.
*HSS[VSSMYLL! ࠮6USPUL!>OP[THUJVT࠮,THPS!J\Z[VTLYZLY]PJL'ÔP[THUJVT
6ɈLYL_JS\KLZ(33JVPUZ[HTWHUKTLKHSW\YJOHZLZ6US`VULKPZJV\U[WLYVYKLY
Scan
here to
visit our
website!

U.S. Coins David McCarthy LM 1195314
FORGOTTEN DOUBLE EAGLE

Most collectors aren’t familiar with the first
matte proof U.S. coin, which sports Charles Barber’s design.
T here is nothing in the world like

being in the right place at the
right time, and I seem to have
been blessed with unbelievable
luck in this regard. One example of
my good fortune took place during
the run up to a Baltimore Coin and
Currency Show almost 20 years ago.
I’d flown into town early, as I was
part of a group of numismatists in-
vited by Jeff Garrett to help move
the Eli Lilly Collection from its dis- tunity
t to
t test
t t the
th heft
h ft off both
b th 1877 erty,
t surroundedd d by
b 13 stars
t and d the
t
play cases in the National Museum gold half-union patterns. We looked date on the obverse, along with a
of American History back into the at Brasher doubloons (and the half reverse bearing a slightly simplified
P HO TO S: P CGS COINFACTS ( COINS) & GETTY IMAGES/LASAGNAFOR ONE

Smithsonian’s vaults. doubloon!), all three classes of the version of the Columbia and eagle
Lilly’s collection had been on 1804 dollar, and even got to exam- design that Barber had developed
display at the museum for four de- ine the now-legendary reduced- in 1891. Looking at it now, I wonder
cades, and it was heartbreaking to diameter 1907 ultra-high-relief whether Barber hadn’t (consciously
ssee the onlyo coin exhibit double eagles, which Andy Lustig or unconsciously) set out to perfect
at tthee Smithsonian dubbed “shot-glass ultras” due to his father William’s finest work, the
b
bein ng shuttered. the incredible depth of their concave Amazonian suite of patterns of 1872.
Th here were, how- fields. However, one of the coins that The newly reimagined double ea-
ever,
ev moments made a real impression on me that gle was doomed from the start: Bar-
o unadulterated
of day is still relatively obscure—U.S. ber began work on its design after
oy as the assem-
jo Mint Chief Engraver Charles Bar- President Theodore Roosevelt had
bled
bl coin hounds ber’s discarded masterpiece: the asked Augustus Saint-Gaudens to
weere allowed to 1906 $20 Judd-1773. redesign our $20, $10, and 1-cent
eexpplore one of the The coin in question appeared pieces. The chief engraver must
g
greateest numismatic sometime in the middle of our visit, have known that the president’s pet
ccollections ever shortly after we’d examined a group project—and Roosevelt’s enthusi-
WILLIAM BARBER’S DESIGNS assembled. of 1891-dated silver patterns. Most asm for the nation’s foremost sculp-
for the obverses of the gold (top) Dr. Rich- of these featured the Liberty Head tor—would render his attempt at a
and silver (bottom) 1872 Ama- ard Doty, the obverse that would be adopted in classically inspired coin a nonstarter;
zonian patterns may have influ- National Nu- 1892; however, one bore an obverse despite this, he persisted. Today, all
enced his son’s 1906 gold $20 mismatic Col- featuring the figure of Columbia that remains of Barber’s efforts are
motifs (above). Not Actual Size lection’s cura- holding a sword and liberty pole, the gold proof that Dr. Doty showed
ttor at the time, standing in front of a giant eagle, us, and a single uniface impression of
sspen n
nt hours digging surrounded by a glory of rays, with the obverse die in gilt copper.
up p mind-blowing the legends LIBERTY and IN GOD Sadly, Barber’s 1906 $20 is un-
sstu
uff: multiple 1933 WE TRUST, dated 1891. collectable; however, it is one of the
do ouble eagles When Dr. Doty produced Bar- legendary rarities on display at the
(g gold $20) came ber’s $20, I could not believe my Smithsonian Institution’s National
out,
o the unique eyes. It was struck in gold and fin- Museum of American History. If
1849
18 $20 was ished as a matte proof—the first you are a U.S. citizen, you’re a part
passed
pa around, of its kind on a U.S. coin—and the owner of it, and you really ought to
a
and d we each were effect was elegant, yet dramatic. It take the time to check it out.
i en the oppor-
giive featured a neoclassical bust of Lib- [email protected]

GREAT AMERICAN
STAMP SHOW
2023
CLEVELAND
AUGUST 10-13
Huntington Convention
Center of Cleveland
Don’t miss the biggest stamp collecting show of the year!

Co-hosted by the American Philatelic Society, American Topical Association,
and American First Day Cover Society. Sponsored by the United States Postal
Service. Featuring 100+ dealers of stamps and covers, hundreds of frames of
exhibits and rarities, and can’t-miss seminars and presentations from experts in
the hobby. FREE admission.
Visit www.stamps.org/GASS
Lodging rates are available on the website.
Budget-Minded Al Doyle ANA 3151786
MERRY-GO-ROUND
Silver rounds make for great gifts, investments, and collection additions.
C an a person choose a collecting

specialty even though acquir-
ing a complete set is impossi-
ble? Certainly! Welcome to the
(such as dogs, cats, horses, fish, and
wildlife species), antique vehicles,
and numerous other subjects for
not much more than spot price.
One-ounce silver is a popular
gift for newborns, weddings, birth-
days, Valentine’s Day, Mother’s
Day, Christmas, and Hanukkah,
P HOTOS: AP MEX ( COINS) , GETTY IMAGES/TR AFFIC_ANALY Z ER ( P R ICE TAGS) & D OCK S NF LIP F LOP S
vast world of 1-ounce silver rounds Rounds bearing the likenesses of which means rounds featuring
and bars. famous athletes and other “limited- those themes can be found with
Since 1-ounce silver pieces ease. In addition to collecting and
have been struck by dozens of pri- gift giving, silver provides another
vate mints, it’s possible that tens benefit. Silver “stackers” see the
of thousands of designs have been metal as financial protection,
issued since the 1970s. A reproduc- Keep acquiring especially in an inflationary envi-
tion of the Buffalo nickel design your favorite coins ronment. Even in smaller sizes,
is by far the most common 1-ouncer physical gold in the $2,000-an-
in the current market. Fractional of the past and ounce range is too expensive for
(as in 1/ 4-ounce and 1/ 2-ounce) obtain some personally many people, but 1-ounce silver
pieces are also available, but the appealing silver rounds in the $28-$30 range remains af-
larger rounds tend to sell for a fordable for collectors.
better price. as your funds allow. So, what would be the ideal
If you prefer another U.S. coin combination for the budget-
series, take your pick among minded numismatist? Keep ac-
Indian Head and Lincoln cents, quiring your favorite coins of the
Mercury dimes, Walking Liberty past and obtain some personally
half dollars, Morgan and Peace edition” subjects are often mar- appealing silver rounds as your
dollars, and the incuse $21/2 and keted for large sums, but they tend funds allow. It might mean coming
$5 Indian and $20 Saint-Gaudens to go for less when found in a deal- home with a nice Buffalo nickel
reproduced in silver. These options er’s bullion inventory. That’s how and a silver round with the same
barely scratch the surface of what I obtained a 1-ounce piece featuring design after a visit to the local
is available. Baseball Hall of Famer Robin Yount coin shop. That’s a 2-for-1 deal at
A collector can buy silver bullion for the same price as so-called a reasonable price.
featuring patriotic themes, animals “generic” rounds. [email protected]
$28-$36
SILVER ROUNDS
come in all sorts of
attractive designs.
Actual Size: 39mm

Coming in Unreserved Kagin’s Auctions in 2023
Significant Colonial Notes from
the John J. Ford Collection Sales
Over 375 COLONIAL CURRENCY notes from the JOHN J. FORD Collection.
Featuring several FINEST KNOWN and UNIQUE Notes Including over 40 ERIC NEWMAN,
The Early Paper Money of America PLATE NOTES.
MA, November 17, 1776, 10s, Revere MA, October 18, 1776, $5, Revere and Gill RI, February 2, 1741/42, 6d, Newman
Sword in Hand Note, EF. Ford Sale 10 / Lot 4699 Plate Note
Ford Sale 10 / Lot 4703 Ford Sale 3 / Lot 569
RI, August 16, 1710, 2s, Newman Plate Note, VT, February 1781, 40s
maybe Unique, Ford Sale 3 / Lot 847
Ford Sale 3 / Lot 556
To participate in this exciting event, send your email/contact information to Kagin’s
Auctions by email today at [email protected] or call Don Kagin at 888-8KAGINS (852-4467).
Visit us at Booths 710/611 at the 2023 ANA National Money Show® in Phoenix, Arizona

Treasures in Your Pocket Sam Gelberd ANA 3129155
HUNTING GROUNDS
Fascinating oddities can be found in a variety of places.
T he objective of this column is

to inform readers about how to
search for unique coins and dif-
ferentiate them from common
items. I usually point out important
places on the coins themselves to in-
spect, but this time, I’ll focus on the
actual locations that offer favorable
chances of finding better pieces.
Per the spirit of these articles,
THE BOURSE FLOOR is one
start by checking every coin that
of the best places to hunt
comes across your path for any, say,
for errors and die varieties.
treasures in your pocket. Set newly ac-
quired change aside until you’ve had
a chance to look over everything and uncirculated specimens, die about numismatics. They aim to
determine what you should keep. varieties, and significant errors, sell items for more than they paid
Be sure to closely examine all three but customer-wrapped rolls may for them, and they tend to jump at
sides of each coin, and check paper offer better odds for finding silver, great business opportunities when
money for errors, fancy serial num- obsolete types, and minor errors. they arise.
bers, and star notes. Rumors abound on whether or not On the other hand, error and
After exhausting your supply of companies that provide OBWs die-variety (E/V) collectors also
P HOTO: R OBER T B. KELLEY

searchable change, ask friends and have sorting mechanisms to pre- have to pay their dues, includ-
relatives if you can paw through vent the most exciting oddities from ing study and preparation, so
their accumulations and laugh being included. why shouldn’t they also be com-
at the ironic amount of coinage Coin shows are among the best pensated for their efforts? Just
amassed by “noncollectors.” The places to search for die varieties, as schoolchildren who’ve done
U.S. Mint produces billions of coins when done appropriately. Expecta- their homework often earn supe-
each year, and this is partly due tions for everyone’s behavior sub- rior grades (and coins—if they are
to hoards continually piling up in sist at such events. An appendix of enrolled in the ANA’s “Coins For
American households. the Cherrypickers’ Guide to Rare Die A’s” program), some numisma-
Coin-roll hunting is the next Varieties of United States Coins pro- tists are more knowledgeable than
step most collectors take. This in- vides helpful guidelines for proper others, regardless of which side of
volves visiting banks or credit conduct when attempting to find the table they’re on, and there’s
unions, and being an account holder unattributed specimens that, in nothing wrong with that. As long
is usually required to get multiple some cases, may make a seemingly as one acts properly and can rea-
rolls or sealed boxes. Mechani- normal coin worth incredible pre- sonably justify their actions, there
cally sorted original bank-wrapped miums. Cherrypickers have been should never be ill feelings for scor-
(OBW) rolls might pro- accused of trying to take advantage of ing a major cherrypick whenever
vide chances to find sellers, but picking a rare die variety such occasions occur.
is no less ethical than a dealer It is incumbent upon all parties
Of all the places to search, identifying undergraded in a transaction to have conducted
don’t overlook the obvious— pieces and then selling them their due diligence before engaging
your own collection! Sometimes for profit. in any deal, and no numismatist
we acquire pieces before gaining knowledge Dealers are essential to the should ever feel guilty for the abil-
that would have helped make a worthwhile success of our hobby. Most ity to capitalize on their knowl-
attribution. It’s enlightening to “cherrypick” work very hard and have con- edge. Caveat emptor, but also, let
E/V coins that you already own! siderable overhead, as well as the seller beware!
varying degrees of knowledge [email protected]

Chris Callahan ANA 3218665
&
24 Obscure U.S. Mint Medals
27 Tolkien Commem
News Notes
28 ANS Fellowship
VOLUME 136 • No. 3
NEW SPAPERWO MAN

H I ST OR Y UN E A R T H E D
Kit Coleman FAN-STASH-TIC No Actual

Not c ua Size
S e
Canadian journalist commemorated. Roman coin hoard discovered in Britain.
i The Royal Canadian Mint will recognize

Kathleen “Kit” Coleman (1856-1915),
While walking in a field in Shropshire, England, Darren
Booth was thrilled to hear his metal detector alerting him
Canada first woman journalist, on
Canada’s to an incredible find. He ended up unearthing 377 ancient
its 2
202 23 proof silver dollar. Born Roman denarii, including a rare example featuring a por-
in
n Irreland, Coleman immigrated trait of Emperor Vespasian, only the second of its kind to
tto Canada in 1884 and joined be discovered in the United Kingdom.
P HOTO: THE TR USTEES OF THE BR ITISH MUSEUM

th
he staff of the Toronto Daily Experts posit that the coins belonged to a soldier who
P HOTOS: R OY AL CANADIAN MINT
M
Mail, writing about a wide range buried them for safekeeping but never returned. The cache
off topics in addition to those represented
p ayyear’s worth of wages, and the coins depict a
co
considered
n “women’s issues.” range of rrulers, including Augustus, Vi-
Shh gained international fame as
he l s, and Tiberius. “It is remark-
telllius
Norrrth America’s first accredited
N ablee to think that I was the first
wo
w
woman war correspondent with per
p rson to touch these coins in
heer coverage of the aftermath 2,0
000 years,” Booth says. “You
off the Spanish-American War. do
on’t get that kind of feeling
Th he pioneering reporter helped wiith any other hobby.”
esttablish the Canadian Women’s The hoard has been declared
Preess Club in 1904 and served as
P a treeasure and was purchased
itss first president. by the British Museum
Actuall Size: 36mm Designed by Pandora Young, ▲ Vespasian is depicted on and Shropshire Museums.
the silver dollar’s reverse cap- this denarius discovered in Booth split the proceeds
tures key moments in Coleman’s life. These 1980 in Suffolk, now housed with the owner of the fruit-
elements make up a collage in the shape of the at the British Museum. ful field and used his portion
esteemed journalist’s silhouette. To learn more Not Actual Size to obtain a mortgage.
about the piece, visit mint.ca.
NEW AWAR D nize excellent articles published

e in
ed Hessler, a professional
Literary
P H OT O: CI N CI N N A T I N U M I S M A TI C A S SO CI A TI ON
the organization’s newsletter. ttro

ombonist
om and highly deco-
The inaugural recipients are rate
ed numismatist, has writ-
Prize
authors of articles that ap- ten
t n five books about paper
peared in issues from 2020 mooney and its creators,
and 2021. Judges Wendell long with a memoir about
alo
CINCINNATI NUMISMATIST Wolka, Gerald Tebben, and h
his life and countless articles
authors are recognized. Dennis Tucker determined the
first-, second-, and third-place
e
e
fo
tions
or a variety of hobby publica-
o
t o ss. He
H has served as a curator
stories. The winning writers w ill
will Nott A
N Actual
t l Si
Size for two m money museums and has
In May 2022, the Cincinnati Numis- receive a medal, struck at the published research about early
i matic Association (CNA) established Osborne Mint in Cincinnati, that features a U.S. currency designs. He is longtime
the Gene Hessler Literary Award to recog- portrait of Gene Hessler on the obverse. member of the CNA.

News & Notes
U. S. MINT EXO NUMIA tal recognition, and finally,
politics itself.
Under the Radar Russell Cornell Leffingwell
(1878-1960) was Assistant Secretary
in 1917-20. He considered himself
Medals depicting Treasury assistants are rare and unpopular. neither a Republican nor a Demo-
crat, and because of his independent
views was asked for advice by every
Among some of the most in- Most, however, were made in 1929- president from Wilson to Dwight
i teresting but lesser-known of-
ferings struck by the U.S. Mint are
36 (though they were struck errati-
cally from 1920 to 1948). The sitting
D. Eisenhower, with the exception
of Coolidge. He retired from public
Assistant Secretary and Under Sec- Treasury Secretaries in 1918-53 service to practice law before work-
retary medals. At first glance, these included William McAdoo, Carter ing for J.P. Morgan and becoming
obscure pieces appear to be nothing Glass, David F. Houston, Andrew chairman of the board in 1948.
short of an exercise in bureaucracy. Mellon, Ogden Mills, William Woo- Seymour Parker Gilbert (1892-
Unlike the mint’s popular Secre- din, Henry Morgenthau, and John 1938) became Assistant Secretary
tary of the Treasury medals, these Synder. A few of these names will for fiscal affairs in 1920. He then
examples were quietly struck in be familiar to collectors, such as became the first to hold the newly
small numbers and never offered for Carter Glass, who was depicted on appointed position of Under Secre-
public sale. It is believed that most the 1936 Lynchburg commemorative tary in 1923 and was a trusted advi-
were struck for the personal distri- half dollar. William Woodin crafted sor to Secretary Andrew Mellon, all
bution of the individual depicted or the language for Roosevelt’s exec- before the tender age of 30. Gilbert
for distribution mainly within the utive order recalling all gold coins, was a close friend of Leffingwell, his
department itself. Since the Secre- while allowing collectors to retain predecessor, and retired from public
tary of the Treasury had the author- historically valuable pieces. And service in 1923 to practice law. Re-
ity to order medals struck within the Ogden Mills is noteworthy for being garded as somewhat of a whiz kid
mint, these pieces were most likely featured on a Treasury Secretary within the department, Gilbert died
made under his jurisdiction. medal, an Assay Commission medal, at the relatively young age of 45.
Assistant and Under Secretary and an Under Secretary medal. Ogden Mills (1884-1937) was
medals were issued as early as 1918 The positions of Assistant and appointed Under Secretary by
to as late as 1953 during the presi- Under Secretary still exist. The Coolidge and served in 1927-32.
dential administrations of Woodrow Department of the Treasury web- When Secretary Mellon resigned
Wilson, Warren Harding, Calvin site states, “Treasury offices are in 1932, Hoover appointed Mills as
Coolidge, Herbert Hoover, Frank- composed of divisions headed by Treasury Secretary until his term
lin Roosevelt, and Harry Truman. Assistant Secretaries and Under ended in 1933. Mills has the distinc-
Secretaries who are pri- tion of being the only Under or As-
U.S. MINT ASSISTANT & marily responsible for sistant Secretary to eventually lead
policy formulation and the department. He was a strong ad-
UNDER SECRETARY MEDALS overall management of the vocate for keeping the gold standard.
Treasury Department.” Henry Herrick Bond (1881-
STRUCK HONOREE POSITION
Under the present law, unknown) served as Assistant
1917-20 R.C. Leffingwell Assistant Secretary the Treasury Secretary is Secretary in 1927-29. His main
1920-21 Seymour Parker Gilbert Assistant Secretary followed by a Deputy Sec- contribution to numismatics was as
retary, Under Secretaries, administration supervisor regarding
1921-23 Seymour Parker Gilbert Under Secretary
and Assistant Secretaries. the issuance of the new small-size
1929 Ogden Mills Under Secretary There are currently two currency. Collectors may be familiar
1929 Henry Herrick Bond Assistant Secretary Under Secretaries and with Bond’s name, since he left
1929-31 Walter Ewing Hope Assistant Secretary eight Assistant Secretaries. behind an assortment of specimen
and proof notes. In August 2015,
1932 Ferry K. Heath Assistant Secretary
U.S. Mint Honors Heritage Auctions offered a presen-
1932-33 Arthur A. Ballantine Under Secretary Exactly who these men tation set consisting of $1 to $10,000
1932-33 James H. Douglas Assistant Secretary were, and why they were notes from Bond’s estate.
1936 Lawrence Wood Roberts Jr. Assistant Secretary
honored with medals, is a Walter Ewing Hope (1879-
mixed bag of historical 1948) practiced law and also served
1948-53 Edward H. Foley Under Secretary
association, departmen- as a director on several corpora-

tions. In 1918 President Wilson ap- Medal Design
pointed him to investigate fuel con- Chief Engraver John Sinnock de-
ditions in England, France, and Italy signed most of these medals. His
during World War I. Hope served as early contributions to coinage were
P H OT O: H E RI T AGE AU CT I ONS
Assistant Secretary under President few and infrequent, such as the re-
Hoover in 1929-31. Upon his return verse of the 1918 Illinois commemo-
to private life, Hope resumed his law rative half and the 1926 sesquicen-
practice in New York City. tennial issues. Commemoratives
Ferry K. Heath (1876-1939) was reached their zenith under Sinnock’s
Assistant Secretary in charge of watch, but he mainly worked on the
public buildings in 1928-33. Because designs of other artists. His contri-
of this, he got to ceremoniously butions to circulating coinage would
break ground for the new National not appear until late in his career,
Archives building in 1931. with the 1946 Roosevelt dime and
Arthur A. Ballantine (1901-66) 1948 Franklin half dollar.
was Under Secretary in 1931-33. He Therefore, much of Sinnock’s ▲This medal depicts Assistant Secretary
was an expert on corporate income work involved U.S. Mint medals, of the Treasury James H. Douglas, who
taxes, and the IRS often sought including designs for the presidential served in this capacity under presidents
his advice. He was a departmental medals for Coolidge, Hoover, Roo- Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt.
eyewitness to the Great Depression sevelt, and Truman. Sinnock also Not Actual Size
and banking crisis of 1933. Although designed numerous Treasury Sec-
appointed by Hoover, Roosevelt retary and mint director medals, as Therefore, collectors cannot be too
asked him to stay on to help draft well as the 1932 Benjamin Franklin picky concerning condition. Their
the Emergency Banking Act. and other congressionally approved numbers are so scant that it is un-
James H. Douglas (1899-1988) medals. (The U.S. Mint still strikes known whether anyone possesses a
was an investment banker who and offers for sale most of these complete collection, and population
served as Assistant Secretary in pieces.) Sinnock may have even been reports yield no clues. A good esti-
1932-33. Recommended to Pres- grateful regarding the Assistant and mate of the average known pieces
ident Hoover by Ogden Mills, Under Secretary medals, as they would be R-6 (14-30 pieces) per
Douglas stayed on with Roosevelt provided an additional way for him medal on the Sheldon Rarity Scale.
before resigning after a difference in to leave his legacy. Despite their scarcity, these med-
monetary policy. He returned to his Assistant and Under Secretary als attract little interest at auctions.
law practice and served on the board medals differ from other mint As an example, two Assistant Sec-
of directors for American Airlines as products. None were ever offered retary medals were featured in the
well as the Metropolitan Life Insur- for public sale or have ever been David W. Dreyfuss Collection auc-
ance Company. Douglas also served restruck. And after the cost of pro- tioned by Bowers & Merena in 1986.
as Eisenhower’s secretary of the ducing plasters, galvanos, hubs, and The medals were unceremoniously
Air Force and deputy secretary of dies, the miniscule mintages never included among a lot offering of
defense, making him somewhat could have been deemed profitable. 10 common Treasury Secretary
of a bureaucratic journeyman. The pieces share a common medals and 3 mint superintendent
Eisenhower awarded him the Medal reverse, depicting the Treasury medals that realized only $275.
of Freedom in 1961. Douglas was building, designed by Sinnock and Little, if anything, has been
born into wealth, as his family co- assistant engraver Adam Pietz. Two written about these pieces. It
founded the Quaker Oats Company. variations exist, either with or with- is unknown why they were ever
Lawrence Wood Roberts Jr. out the ornamental wreath below the struck to begin with and then
(1884-1976) was Assistant Secretary Roman-numeral date. ended without explanation. Also,
under Roosevelt from 1933 to 1936. Unlike the popular Treasury Sec- why was a small group of men
Roberts was primarily a business- retary medals, Assistant and Under honored while other Assistant and
man before and after leaving the Secretary medals do not carry the Under Secretaries were not? With
Treasury and became one of the first same prestige because the men scant information available, I sent
American businessmen to travel to depicted on them were not known letters of query to the Depart-
the Soviet Union. outside the department. A thorough ment of the Treasury and the U.S.
Edward H. Foley (1917-82), ap- search of their names in The Nu- Mint, requesting any information
pointed by Truman, served as Assis- mismatist digital archives came up whatsoever. Unfortunately, after
tant Secretary in 1946-48. He was empty. It is doubtful that collectors several months of waiting, neither
also Under Secretary in 1948-53. He were even aware of the medals when replied. Until such information
retired to practice law and remained they were struck. surfaces, these medals remain a
active in the Democratic party. He Assistant and Under Secretary numismatic enigma shrouded in
later served as chairman of John F. medals are scarce and only occa- favoritism, politics, and who
Kennedy’s inaugural committee. sionally come on the open market. knows what else. —Mike Costanzo

Actual Size: 22mm
News & Notes
T HIS M O NTH I N H IS T O R Y career, including cubism, neoclassicism, and surrealism. It

wasn’t until 1923 that Picasso’s work was officially shown
A look back in the United States at the Arts Club of Chicago. The exhi-
bition, titled Original Drawings by Pablo Picasso, included
53 of his works created from
A famous artist showed his work in the
1907 to 1921.
America for the first time 100 years ago. For the rest of his life,
Picasso remained in France.
P H OT OS : MONNAIE D E P ARIS
Born on October 25, 1881, in Málaga, Spain, Pablo Picasso He died in Mougins on April
was one of the most influential artists of the 20th century. 8, 1973.
A cofounder of cubism, he invented constructed sculpture As part of its Museums’
and developed a wide range of other techniques and styles. Masterpieces series, the
At the age of seven, Picasso began receiving art instruc- Monnaie de Paris issued a
tion from his father, Ruiz, who was a naturalistic painter. 1/4-ounce gold rectangular
When he was 16, he was accepted to the prestigious art coin. The obverse depicts
school Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in one of Picasso’s most famous
Madrid, though he stopped attending classes soon after paintings, Guernica, in his
he enrolled. In 1901 Picasso moved to Paris to continue Paris workshop. The reverse,
his career. He was known for his distinct artistic eras, in- common to the series, fea-
cluding his famously somber “Blue Period” from 1901 to tures a collage of several
1904. He experimented with several styles of art during his well-known French museums. Not Actual Size
A B OR I G I N A L A R T
NOTABLE NEWS Royal Redo

Headlines from the world of numismatics
Australia will not feature the British
◾ The U.S. Mint is accepting applications for its Artistic monarchy on its $5 bank note.
Infusion Program (AIP). To be considered, artists must
register online and submit their application and images
by March 10. usmint.gov/callforartists
◾ The American Numismatic Society will move from
i that
Australia has announced
it will no longer fea-
with indigenous groups in
designing the $5 note, a pro-
ture the British monarchy on cess that could take several
its current location at 75 Varick Street in downtown its bank notes. In place of an years. The $5 bill was Australia’s
PH OTO: G ET T Y I M A GE S / TH UR TELL
Manhattan before its lease expires in 2028. image of King Charles III, the only remaining bank note to
coinworld.com nation’s central bank says the feature an image of the mon-
◾ ANA life member Steven M. Bieda was recently new $5 bill will portray an arch. The king is still expected
appointed by Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer as indigenous design that will to appear on coins that cur-
the official liaison with the U.S. Mint for the upcoming honor “the culture and history rently bear the image of the
2025 American Innovation™ $1 honoring Michigan. of the First Australians.” The late Queen Elizabeth II. Although
michigan.gov back will continue to feature the British monarch remains
the Australian parliament. Australia’s head of state, that
◾ The Numismatic Industry Coinage Advisory Com-
The bank plans to consult role is largely symbolic.
mittee has recommended that Congress authorize
commemorative coins honoring the passage of the
Endangered Species Act, the founding of the National
Association for Stock Car/Auto Racing (NASCAR), and
America hosting the World Cup. ictaonline.org
◾ As part of the Military Payment Certificate (MPC)
Fest in Port Clinton, Ohio, the David Seelye Military
Numismatics bourse will be open from 10 a.m. to 2
p.m. on Friday, March 17. mpcfest.com

Y OUTH I N LE ADER S H IP
C ON V E N T I ON S
Taking Charge Gather ’Round!

Teen elected as local coin club officer. The ICHN meets for the fourth time this summer.
ILLUS T RAT ION: GE T T Y IMAGE S /K AT E RY NA NOV OK H AT NI A

In January the New Hampshire-based
i Nashua Coin Club (NCC) held its an- i The fourth International Convention of Historians and
Numismatists (ICHN) will be held in Santo Domingo,
nual election for club officers, and for the Dominican Republic, from June 28 to July 2. The event
first time in the organization’s history, will feature presentations that highlight new research on
a young numismatist was coins, medals, and paper money. Attendees from over 24
elected to the executive team. countries—including Brazil, Mexico, the
Sam Ouellette accepted his United States, and Panama—will be
P H OT O: NAS H UA COIN CLUB
nomination and will serve as present at the preeminent Latin

one of three vice presidents. American numismatic conven-
“We are confident Sam will tion. This year’s research will
surprise and help NCC stay be published in a journal, and
d
relevant for younger genera- a commemorative medal will
tions,” says the club’s news- be created for the event.
letter editor, Judy Blackman. For more details, contact
“It will be interesting to have Ricardo de León Tallavas at
his perspective on any topics [email protected].
OUELLETTE raised during the year.”
COM ME MO R AT IV E S A R T I ST I C T OUC H
MY PRECIOUS A New Canvas

Argentinian artist uses cash to create
The Royal Mint honors a famous author.
small and colorful paintings.
The Royal Mint has released its 2023 Annual Sets that
honor significant British people and events. Among the
five pieces is a £2 commemorative that celebrates the i With inflation in Argentina nearing 100 percent in 2022, the
Argentinian peso has lost nearly all value economically. How-
well-known author J.R.R. Tolkien. ever, local artist Sergio Guillermo Diaz embraces the artistic value
PH OTO: T H E RO YA L M I N T ( COI N ) & G ET TY IMAGES/P R OFETA
Born in South Africa on January 3, 1892, Tolkien is of his country’s currency—he uses the inflation-struck cash as a
know
kn
k o n for
fo his fantasy series The Lord canvas to create compelling paintings, some of which critique
of the
o hee Rings and its prequel, The the peso’s sharp depreciation in recent years. The inflation crisis
Hoob Though the influential
Hobbit. ha decreased the
has
writer
w
wr died in 1973, his books, vaalue of the 1,000-
now
n
noo adapted to film, are loved peso
p note from the
P H OT O: SE RG I O GU I LL E RM O D I A Z
by readers around the world. eqquivalent of $255
The golden outer ring of in 2010 to only
th
he reverse, designed by David $
$5.60 now and has
L
La wrence, features Tolkien’s name,
awr se
ent over 40 per-
Actual Size: 28.4mm a alon
along
on g with the years of his birth ceent of the Argen-
and death, and WRITER • POET ttinian population
• SCHOLAR below. The silver center depicts Tolkien’s into
in poverty.
trademark monogram, framed by a detailed runic pat- Even when
tern. The obverse bears the first portrait of King Charles p
painting on some
III on British coinage and is designed by Martin Jennings. of the highest de-
The edge of the coin features Tolkien’s famous quote, nomination
no notes,
NOT ALL THOSE WHO WANDER ARE LOST. Diaz
D is able to turn
The Tolkien commemorative can be purchased only a profit with his artistic designs, which include depictions of Argen-
as part of the mint’s Annual Set, which is available in tinian soccer player Lionel Messi and Star War’s Darth Maul. Diaz
brilliant-uncirculated, silver, gold, and piedfort versions. says that his art “reflects how inflation is lived, how this is growing,
To learn more, visit royalmint.com. which ultimately affects us all, totally affects our lives and our
purchasing power, [and] how we are living through this crisis.”

News & Notes
A UCTION RES U L T S seven figures. Combin n
ned Edward
E a d C. Rochette
with the sum from Partarrt Mo oneey Museum, and
Bass Tacks I (which took place

in September), the
collection has so far
tth
he foundation de-
c ded last year to
cid
deaccession the as-
d
de
Half of the famed gold-coin
netted an outstand- semblage to increase
se
collection has been sold. ing $44,782,386. i s charitable funds.
its
The Harry W. Bass, “The
“
“T T more money
P H OT OS : H E RIT AGE AUCT IONS

i OfitagetheAuctions’
103 lots offered at Her-
second sale
Jr. Foundation will
donate the proceeds toto
rra
tio
on
a sed
aiss from the auc-
ns of these coins, the
of the Harry W. Bass, Jr. Core various Dallas-area beettter
b t because that
Collection in January, 30 realized nonprofits that sup- means we can help
m
me
recording-breaking prices, bring- port causes such more people,” says
m
ing the sale’s grand total to over as education, youth, F David Calhoun,
F.
$24 million. The highest-selling literacy, hunger, tthe foundation’s
th
item was an 1870-S $3 gold piece, and homelessness. eexecutive director.
ex
which hammered at $5.52 million. For more than 20 Parrt III of Heritage
Three other coins—a 1795 Capped years, the world-classs Au ucctiions’ Bass collec-
Bust Right eagle (gold $10), an collection of gold ttion sale will take
1835 quarter eagle (gold $2 1/2), coins was on dis- ▲ Pa
Part
rt II’
III’ss to
top
top-ranking
p ra
rannking lot was pplace in April and
and a 1798/7 eagle—also reached play at the ANA’s this 1870-S $3. Actual Size: 20.5mm Part IV in August.
SC
CHO
O L AR
R L Y S U PPO
ORT
C A N I N E C L A SSI C
A FINE Doggy Dollar

FELLOWSHIP A New Zealand commemorative highlights
The ANS helps fund research projects.
101 furry friends.
P H OT OS : T H E N E W Z EA L AN D M IN T ( CO IN ) & GE TTY IMAGES/Y UR I P AR MENOV

Beginning this year, the American Numismatic
Society (ANS) will annually award a limited number The New Zealand Mint has issued a 1-ounce coin featuring the
of fellowships (between $1,500 and $2,500 each) i heartwarming final scene from the classic Disney movie 101
IL LU S TRA TI ON : GE T TY I M AG ES /ABSCENT8 4
to qualified graduate Dalmatians. The piece is the fourth in the mint’s series honoring
students or scholars pur- the film. The reverse depicts Roger and Anita at the piano, sur-
suing serious numismatic rounded by their multitude of dogs. The scene is rendered in full
research projects that color, except for the living room walls, which are engraved and
are expected to result in frosted to highlight the coin’s pure silver composition. The obverse
academic publication. features Ian Rank-Broadley’s effigy of Queen Elizabeth II, along
When submitting a with inscriptions for the year, issu-
proposal, applicants should include an overview of ing
in country (Niue), and denomina-
their project, supply a brief timeline for the work, tion ($2).
communicate how the results of the research will be Available for US$99, each
disseminated (journal article, book, etc.), and clearly commemorative
commem e or
oa is encased
indicate how fellowship funds will be used (travel, in an
n illustrated box, and
image reproduction fees, and so on). p
printted on the back is a
Applicants must be ANS members or fellows cerrtificate of authen-
in good standing. To apply, send a CV, a proposal tticcity
c and the coin’s
(not to exceed 2,500 words), and a budget to ans@ mintage number out
m
numismatics.org. Applications will be accepted on a off the 2,000 struck.
rolling basis. Successful applicants will be asked to For
Fo more details and
give a lecture about their research to the ANS to
t view the other
membership via Zoom. Actual Size: 40mm coin ns in the series, visit
nzmin nt.com.

New Issue Louis Golino
8
[email protected]
T
hree times a year, Coin ing the Spartan warriors are as
Invest Trust (CIT) AG of old as Sparta itself and have cap-
Liechtenstein rolls out an tured humanity’s historical imagi-
extensive, diverse selection of new nation ever since.. Of p particular
collector coins that are usually note is Sparta’s fam mous
released several months after they rivalry with the ciityy
y-
are announced. Last fall’s launch state of Athens,
P HOTOS: COIN INVEST TR UST AG ( COIN) , W IKIMEDIA COMMONS ( HELMET) & DE MOR GAN CE NT RE /E V E LY N D E MORGAN
included an intriguing, historically especially during
themed release called The Spar- the Pelopon- CIT AG’s col-
tans that is expected to be avail- nesian War (431- lection that
able by early April. 404 B.C.) when pays tribute to
The Spartans were legendary, Sparta emerged the Spartans is
fearless warriors of the ancient victorious. anticipated to
Greek city-state Sparta located in The Spartans be released in
Lacedaemon (present-day Laco- release, which usees April. Legendary
nia). Founded in the 9th century CIT AG’s smart- figure Helen of Troy
B.C., Sparta had its own social minting© ultra-high gh
h
h- makes an appearance on
and legal systems and constitution, relief technology,, features
eatures both sides. Actual Size: 45mm
which were all focused on military on its reverse several
prowess and supremacy. Spartan warriors forr her n
name, 2022,
By 650 B.C. Sparta had risen wearing their tra-- FIVE
F V DOLLARS,
to become the dominant military ditional bronze andd COOK IS-
power in Greece thanks to its helmets and car- LANNDS.
army that was viewed as invin- rying spears and Coins
C about
cible by rivals and its warriors’ large shields. anccient history
unrivaled fighting skills. Those The warrior in havve been very
soldiers were the center has a p pular over
pop
known to use long threatening faciall the past
p decade,
spears, swords, expression. To th he with m
w many world
and round shields right is the beautiifuu
ul anddp priv
vate mints
made of bronze Helen of Troy, wh hosese issuing nonccirculat-
and wood. abduction by the Trojan ing
g commemorattive pieces
The many prince Paris set off the legend-
legend typically focused on an ancient god
myths surround- ary Trojan War, which is widely or goddess or another aspect of
known for the wooden horse full mythology. For example, CIT AG’s
◀ This Spartan hel- of soldiers that the Spartans used Numismatic Icons series includes
met, housed at the to mount a surprise attack on the coins that have depicted the tor-
British Museum, is Trojans. Above the figures is the toise, Athenian owl, and Pegasus.
dented on the top. inscription SPARTA. Another CIT AG series called An-
The newest Tiffany Art The obverse features cient Greece consists of 1/2-gram
Seven Spartan Proofs a design inspired by one gold coins that feature rulers and
St Peter’s Basilica of Homer’s tales titled important symbols that would have
COMPOSITION DENOM. z SIZE v MINTAGE “The Return of Helen appeared on contemporary issues.
& 50
1 ounce of .999-fine silver $5 38.61mm 1,500 on a Quadriga.” Helen CIT AG clearly expects its Spar-
3 ounces of .999-fine silver* $20 45mm 888
is shown riding with tans release to be a hit with collec-
a Spartan warrior on tors, and it is likely to be right given
1 ounce of .9995-fine platinum $250 33mm 199
a quadriga (a chariot the company’s impressive track
½ gram of .9995-fine platinum $5 11mm 5,000 drawn by four horses in record, the popularity of the theme,
1 ounce of .9999-fine gold $250 33mm 199 a single row). The upper and the attractive designs on both
portion of the obverse sides. The two silver coins sold out
½ gram of .999-fine gold $5 11mm 5,000
has a circle that contains at the mint to its distributors on
50 grams of copper (prooflike finish) $1 38.61mm 5,000 Ian Rank-Broadley’s pre-release, but at the time of pub-
*This version features selective gold plating on the central warrior’s helmet, effigy of Queen Eliza- lication, all versions can be ordered
spear tip, and shield.
beth II with inscriptions from third-party retailers. -LG ■

ANNE
JONAS CATHARINE
GREEN HOOF
#¬"# #¬#!
ILLUSTR ATION: GETTY IMAGES/NAQIEW E I
WILLIAM FREDERICK SAMUEL

GREEN GREEN GREEN
# "¬# #!¬$ Unknown¬c. 1814
GREEN
COVER
STORY
by David Schenkman
ANA 1045701
n a n y h i s t o r y o f colonial currency Connecticut, with his family in 1713 and estab-

printing in America, the surname Green lished a printing business. Five of his six sons
would undoubtedly figure very promi- eventually became printers. With one excep-
nently. Not only were four members of tion, the name Timothy Green (or a variation
the family involved in printing currency in thereof) is found on every Connecticut note
Connecticut, but an additional four mem- printed by the family, and the Greens printed
bers printed Maryland’s currency. While all that state’s notes from 1713 through the last
an entire book could be written about this issue in 1780.
illustrious family, the purpose of this article is
to highlight their lives in Maryland and pro- A Family Affair
vide an overview of the notes they printed over Jonas Green, a great-grandson of Samuel
a period of 25 years. Green Sr. and the youngest son of Timothy
America’s first printer was Stephen Daye Green Sr., was born in Boston on December
Sr., who immigrated to Cambridge, Massachu- 24, 1712. He learned the printing trade in his
setts, with his wife, Rebecca, and three sons in father’s shop, and after working as a journey-
PHOTO: WIKIMEDIA COMMONS
June 1638. He set up shop in the home of Rev- man at Benjamin Franklin’s printing establish-
erend Joseph Glover, to whom he was indebted ment in Philadelphia, he moved to Maryland.
for the cost of his family’s transportation from William Reese, writing in the Antiquarian
England. It is thought that the first B
Booksellers’ Association of Amer-
publication emanating from his ic
ica’s blog, notes that Franklin was
press was produced in 1639. a silent partner in Green’s busi-
Daye’s assistant, Samuel Green n
ness as well as several other shops
Sr., who was born in England c. o
operated by former employees.
1614, took over Daye’s business According to the Benjamin
in 1649, and he was the first in a F
Franklin Historical Society’s
200-year succession of Green fam-
ily printers in America. Samuel ◀ STEPHEN DAYE’S printing press
was married twice and had 19 chil- is depicted on this 1939 3-cent
dren. One of them, Deacon Timo- postage stamp commemorating the
thy Green (who was born in March “300th anniversary of printing in
1679), moved to New London, colonial America.” Not Actual Size

website, “Franklin had the 14 children, although only
idea to expand his business 6 of them lived past child-
by promoting his workers hood. They rented, and
and establishing them with Anne later purchased, a
a printing house in other two-bedroom house at 124
colonies. In these part- Charles Street. The owner
nerships Franklin rented a had enlarged the home to
shop and provided all the accommodate both a print
printing equipment in ex- shop and post office.
PHOTOS: HERITAGE AUCTIONS (NOTE) & THE MARYLAND GAZETTE
change for one third of the The Maryland Gazette,

profits during a 6-year one of America’s first
term. The partner would newspapers, had been dis-
provide the labor and at the continued by its previous
end of the 6-year term they owner, William Parks, who
were allowed to purchase had published it from 1727
the equipment from him and to 1734. Shortly after his
work for themselves. Frank- JONAS GREEN printed a skull and cross- move to Annapolis, Jonas
lin had founded the first bones (above) in place of the mandated tax resurrected it, printing the
commercial franchise sys- stamp on issues of THE MARYLAND paper from his establish-
tem in the Americas.” GAZETTE. His obituary (below) was published ment which, according to
While in Philadelphia, in the paper’s April 16, 1767, edition. the masthead of the May 9,
Jonas met Anne Catha- 1739, edition, was located
rine Hoof, and they were “at the Brick Building on
married on April 25, 1738. the Public Square.” Anne
Anne, who was born in received a thorough edu-
1720, had emigrated from cation in all aspects of the
the Netherlands to the printing business from her
American colonies with her husband and assisted him in
parents at an early age. the shop when needed.
She moved to Annapolis A shortage of funds was
with her husband soon af- always a problem for the
ter their wedding, and Jo- Greens, as it was for many
nas assumed the position printers in the 1700s. Jonas
of official printer for the sometimes accepted pro-
province. The couple had duce in exchange for ad-
vertising, and Anne made chocolate desserts,
which she sold in the post office. And, of course,
in addition to the newspaper, he printed official
documents and currency for the state and what-
ever other private printing jobs were brought to
his shop.
Jonas despised the Stamp Act, enacted by
the British Parliament in 1765, which levied a
tax on documents and newspapers printed in
the
t colonies, and he refused to pay it. He con-
sidered
s it unconstitutional and was very vocal
in
i his opposition. The entire first page of his
newspaper’s
n October 31, 1765, issue was devoted
to
t a blistering attack on the tax, which he char-
acterized
a as “an experiment of your disposition.
If
I you quietly bend your necks to that yoke, you
prove
p yourselves ready to receive any bondage
to
t which your Lords and Masters shall please
to
t subject you.” In the bottom-right corner of
his
h papers, a skull and crossbones appeared in
the
t space where the tax stamp was supposed to
b affixed.
be
On April 16, 1767, Jonas died, and five days
▲ THE 1756 SERIES was the first that Jonas Green produced for after his death, Anne printed the following notice
Maryland. His name appears on the back. Not Actual Size in the paper:

I presume to address You for your countenance she didn’t want to call undue attention to her
to Myself and numerous Family, left, without gender. She also used “A. C.” on all the cur-
your Favour, almost destitute of Support, by rency she printed, with the exception of the $ 1/9
the Decease of my Husband, who long, and, I notes in both the 1770 and 1774 series, on which
have the Satisfaction to say, faithfully served she used “Anne Catharine.” Why she did this is
You in the Business of Provincial Printer; and, a mystery.
I flatter myself, that, with your kind Indulgence In August 1770, William died, after which one
and Encouragement, Myself and Son, will be of his brothers, Frederick, filled his shoes at the
enabled to continue it on the same footing. print shop. Anne died on March 23, 1775. She is
On this Expectation, I shall venture to sup- immortalized by her inclusion in the Maryland
ply my late Husband’s Customers with News- Women’s Hall of Fame, and an article about
Papers, on the same Terms he did, until I re- her life can be found on Maryland’s state gov-
ceive Orders to the con-
trary, and shall be ready
to publish from Time to
Time, the Advertise- Anne proved to be both a skilled printer
ments that shall be sent
to the Printing-Office.
and an excellent businesswoman. ”
I am willing to hope,
that the Pains taken by
my late Husband, to ernment website (msa.
oblige his very extensive maryland.gov/msa/educ/
Acquaintance, and the exhibits/womenshallfame/
PAINTING: NATIONAL PORTRAIT GALLERY/CHARLES PEALE
Character he deservedly html/green.html). She was

bore, of an honest, benev- described in her obituary
olent Man, will recom- as being “of a mild and be-
mend to your Regard. nevolent disposition, and
for Conjugal Affection, and
Your grateful and faithful Parental Tenderness, an
humble Servant, Example to her Sex.”
A. C. Green. With the exception
of one issue, Frederick
With the assistance of printed all of Maryland’s
one of her sons, William, currency issued between
Anne continued to publish 1775 and 1781. With his
the newspaper without brother, Samuel, he con-
interruption. In the April tinued to operate the
18, 1767, edition of the printing business until his
paper, she included a death c. February 1811,
long list of people who after which Jonas Green,
owed Jonas money, ANNE a grandson of Jonas and
E
with a request that CA HARIN T Anne, took over pub-
these bills be set- GREE N lication of The Maryland
tled promptly. The Gazette. He continued to
Maryland legislature publish it until his death
appointed her to replace in 1839, and since that
Jonas as the colony’s official printer, and this time, the newspaper has passed through various
position entailed the printing of official govern- hands. It is now owned by the Baltimore Sun
ment documents and paper currency. Media Group and is published twice weekly.
Not only did Anne prove to be a skilled The house once occupied by Jonas and Anne
printer, but she also turned out to be an excel- still stands, and the present owner gives peri-
lent businesswoman. The shop thrived under odic tours during which he discusses the print-
her management, and within three years, she ers’ lives while dressed in colonial garb. The
was able to repay the considerable debt Jonas Anne Arundel County Department of Recre-
had incurred. During the late 18th century, ation and Parks operates the Jonas and Anne
very few women were involved in the world of Catharine Green Park, which is located on the
business, and Anne was one of the first women Severn River, just outside Annapolis. It is a
in America to publish a newspaper. Many of the fitting testament to the contributions made by
documents she printed bear the initials “A. C.” the Green family to the early history of their
rather than “Anne Catharine,” no doubt because adopted city.

Currency for Colonial Maryland [sic] and myself, a parcel of small notes, from
Maryland notes dated July 14, 1756, and January three pence to two shillings and six pence each,
1, 1767, were printed by Jonas Green, and his to pass current at the same rate as the money
name appears on their backs. The 1756 issues, under the inspecting law, and to be exchanged by
denominated in pence and shillings, are quite a me, or any person doing business for me, upon
bit rarer than those issued 11 years later, which demand, for good Spanish dollars at seven shil-
were denominated in dollars or fractions thereof lings and six pence each dollar.”
(Figure 1). The counterfeiting of colonial cur- West stated that before issuing the notes, he
rency was an ongoing problem, and Jonas used would publish a notice to that effect in the news-
several type fonts on his notes, as well as a va- paper, and he did so on August 27, 1761, when he
riety of “secret marks” and “errors” in an effort announced that they had been printed. He added
to make them more difficult to replicate. Eric P. that “if either the Legislature, or any Society of
Newman points these out in his classic work, The Gentlemen, can or will contrive a sufficient quan-
Early Paper Money of America. tity of small money that will more effectively
A different highly detailed nature print was answer the purpose, I will instantly call in all
prominently featured on the back of each de- mine.” At the end of the advertisement, he in-
nomination of the notes produced by members cluded the wording on each denomination, one of
of the Green family between 1756 and 1774. This which is reproduced herein. Evidently, Newman
elaborate anti-counterfeiting feature was devel- had never seen one of these notes, and I have
oped by Benjamin Franklin and Joseph Breint- been unable to find anything to suggest that even
nall, a Philadelphia naturalist. It was first used a single example is known to exist today.
on the August 10, 1739, series of Pennsylvania Although the printer of Stephen West’s notes
currency, which was printed by Franklin. isn’t named, it stands to reason that it was
The $1 and $2 notes of the 1767 series depict Jonas Green, who is one of the two witnesses
one and two Spanish 8-real coins, respectively, named at the bottom of the notes. William
and this marked the first time that coinage had Rind, the other witness, had worked in Jonas’s
been depicted on colonial paper currency. Also shop as an apprentice, and he was Jonas’s partner
significant about the series is the fact that, as in the publication of The Maryland Gazette from
Newman mentions, “this issue constituted the 1758 to April 30, 1766. He then moved to Wil-
earliest governmental use of the ‘dollar’ as an liamsburg, Virginia, where he established The
official unit of monetary value in the world.” Virginia Gazette, in competition with another
Newman lists “small change demand notes” newspaper having the same title that had been
issued on June 23, 1761, by Stephen West Jr., a published since 1736. Rind printed the Novem-
wealthy Annapolis merchant and landowner who ber 7, 1769, and July 11, 1771, series of Virginia’s
also manufactured guns. The April 9, 1761, edi- colonial currency.
tion of The Maryland Gazette included an adver- Thomas Sparrow’s initials, “T S,” appear in
tisement in which West bemoaned the fact that the lower-right border on the front of the 1767
there wasn’t an adequate supply of small change notes. Sparrow was a silversmith and engraver
in circulation. He announced that he would be who was born in 1746. His father died in 1753,
issuing “for the convenience of my neighbours and Jonas Green was executer of his estate, af-
ter which the Greens became young Sparrow’s
guardians. Following an apprenticeship in Phil-
STEPHEN WEST JR.’S NOTES were pictured in
adelphia, in March 1765, Sparrow moved back
the August 27, 1761, MARYLAND GAZETTE.
to Annapolis, where he was employed for a short
time in the shop of William Faris, a prominent
watchmaker and silversmith who had moved to
Annapolis from Philadelphia c. 1757.
PHOTO: THE MARYLAND GAZETTE
In December 1765, Sparrow opened his own

shop on South East Street. He is best known to
numismatists as the die engraver for the 1783
John Chalmers coinage. Why Chalmers, who was
also a silversmith and presumably an engraver,
had Sparrow do the engraving for this coin is not
known. Sparrow also engraved the seal for the
Maryland Assembly.
The March 1, 1770, series of notes was printed
by Anne and her son William, and “Printed by
A. C. and W. Green” appears on their backs
(Figure 2). They continued the practice of plac-
ing various secret marks on the notes to deter

FIG. 1
FIG. 2
FIG. 3
PHOTOS: HERITAGE AUCTIONS (FIGURES 1 & 2)

& DAVID SCHENKMAN
FIG. 4
FIG. 1: Jonas Green printed this $ 2/3 note in 1767.

FIG. 2: Anne and William Green printed this half-dollar note in 1770.
FIG. 3: Notes dated April 10, 1774, were printed by Anne and Frederick Green. On this $4 example,
T. SPARROW appears on the front in small letters below MARYLAND.
FIG. 4: This April 10 $ 2/3 issue has the same borders as Figure 1, with Jonas Green’s initials
remaining in the upper-left corner. Not Actual Size
counterfeiters, and citizens were warned of the LAND” (Figure 3). On some notes, Frederick
problem in periodic newspaper notices, includ- used the same borders that were designed for
ing one in the March 24, 1774, Maryland Gazette the 1767 notes, with Jonas Green’s initials in the
cautioning them to “beware of counterfeit Mary- upper-left corner (Figure 4).
land dollar bills, some of which are now passing Sparrow seemed to enjoy placing his name or
here, dated March 1st, 1770. They are badly cut initials in unexpected places. On the $6 note, his
on copper-plate, and printed on a paper which name is placed vertically at the left edge, while
is much smoother and thinner than that used for on the $8 denomination, “Thomas” is on a scroll
the genuine bills.” This series was denominated at the upper left, and “Sparrow” is on a scroll at
in dollars or fractions thereof, as were all the the lower left. The half-dollar note has his ini-
later series through 1780. tials at the top, between the “Y” and “L” of the
state’s name. And although not all instances are
easy to spot, the denomination is printed nine
times on the $8 note! It should be mentioned
Although not all instances are easy that many of these features can be found on
notes from the 1756 and 1770 series.
to spot, the denomination is printed Eleven denominations of notes, ranging from
nine times on the $8 note!” 1/9 of a dollar (Figure 5) to 8 dollars, were issued
in 1774, and none are especially scarce in lower
grades. In fact, they are the least expensive of
By the time the next series, dated April 10, any colonial currency notes from Maryland.
1774, was printed, William had died and Freder- Nonetheless, because of the numerous printing
ick had taken his position in the shop. The backs differences between the various denominations,
of the notes are very similar to the previous they are an intriguing series to study.
series, but they bear “Printed by A. C. and F. Style-wise, the July 26, 1775, notes are a rad-
Green” instead. Sparrow’s initials appear on the ical departure from other Maryland issues. The
front of some denominations of the 1774 notes. United States War of Independence had started
On others, “T. SPARROW” can be found in three months earlier, and in part, the new design
small letters at the top, below the word “MARY- was a rebellion against Britain’s attempt to dis-
FIG. 5
HERITAGE AUCTIONS
PHOTOS: HERIT
FIG. 6
PHOTOS
FIG. 5: Although Anne renders her name A. C. Green on most of her notes, she used her full name
on this $ 1/9 note from the April 10, 1774, series.
FIG. 6: Frederick printed this July 26, 1775, $2 2/3 “gunpowder” note.
FIG. 7: Frederick’s signature appears on the front of this December 7, 1775, $1 1/3 issue.
FIG. 8: Frederick printed another series of notes on August 14, 1776. Not Actual Size
36 T he NUMI S MA
A T IST | m on e y .or g MARCH 2023
arm the colonists. The notes were issued to sup- part of a dollar” for every thousand bills signed.
port the manufacture of gunpowder (Figure 6). And finally, it was mandated that the stamps used
A total of 141 delegates from Maryland coun- to print the bills be turned over to the supervisor
ties convened at Annapolis on July 26, 1775, and once printing was completed.
the proceedings of the convention, which lasted Depicted on the front of the notes are three
until August 14, were published in The Maryland standing figures, the one on the right repre-
Gazette. One of the items enacted specified senting America. She is trampling a scroll with
“slavery” written on it and handing a peti-
that for providing for the defence [sic] of this tion to Britannia, who is holding a shield and
province, and for encouraging and promoting spear. The figure on the left represents George
the manufacture of salt-petre, erecting of a III, standing on the Magna Carta and holding
powder mill, and the several other purposes di- a torch to a city that is under attack by Brit-
rected by this convention; Resolved, that bills of ish ships. On the back, two figures representing
credit of the denomination of dollars, and parts America and Britannia are standing in the cen-
of a dollar, to the amount of 266,666 dollars, ter, with “PAX TRIUMPHIS POTIOR” (“peace
and two third parts of a dollar, be printed and triumphs”) on a scroll below. The initials “F G”
struck with all convenient speed. are at the lower-left border on the back, although
they can’t be seen on all examples. The notes
The bill specified the wording that was to be were printed by Frederick Green using wood-
printed on the notes, and even listed the men who cuts created by Thomas Sparrow, and the lat-
were to sign them. It also stated that “torn and ter’s initials appear on the front in the lower-left
defaced bills shall be exchanged at reasonable border. These notes are rare, and most known
and convenient times,” and that “the said bills examples are in worn and damaged condition.
of credit shall be redeemed and sunk on or before The December 7, 1775 (Figure 7); August 14,
the first day of January, 1786, by taxes, or other 1776 (Figure 8); and June 8, 1780 (Figure 9), se-
legislative provision.” The fee to be paid to the ries of notes were all printed by Frederick Green,
engraver of the notes was $192, and the printer and his name or F. GREEN appears on their backs.
was to receive $400. All signers of the notes re- Hall & Sellers produced the June 28, 1780, notes
ceived payment also: “one dollar and one third (Figure 10). Benjamin Franklin established this
FIG. 7 FIG. 8
HERITAGE
PHOTOS: HERITAG
PHOTOS E AUCTIONS
MARCH 2023 mo n ey.

y org | T h e N U M I S M A TIS T 3
37
FIG. 9
ÈËÉ
FIG. 11
RITAGE AUCTIONS
FIGS. 9 & 11: In 1780 three series of

HERITAGE
notes were issued in Maryland. Fred-

SCHENK MAN (FIGURE 11) & HE
erick Green printed those dated June 8

(Fig. 9) and October 17 (Fig. 11).
FIG. 10: The June 28, 1780,
notes were produced by Hall
FIG. 12
VID SCHENKMAN
& Sellers, a Philadelphia

printing firm. One of the
signers of this $8 note was
Frederick Green.
DAVID
PHOTOS: DA
FIG. 12: This May 1781 5-shillings

note printed by Frederick Green
features red ink. Not Actual Size
38
8 T he
h NUMI SMA T IST
ST | m on e y
y. or g MARCH 2023
large Philadelphia firm niial currency might won-
in 1728. These notes were deer about the use of what
guaranteed by the Continen- is seemingly the letter “f,”
tal Congress, and their backs buut without a crossbar,
state, “The United States n some words in place of
in
ensure the Payment of the th
he lowercase letter “s.”
within Bill, and will draw n fact, this is known as
In
Bills of Exchange for the In- a “tall s,” and it was cus-
terest annually, if demanded, omarily used in place of
to
according to a Resolution a regular lowercase “s” at
of Congress, of the 18th of the start or in the middle
th
March 1780.” Hall & Sellers off a word. The regular “s”
PHOTO: STACK’S BOWERS GALLERIES
was responsible for printing was used at the end of a

not only all 11 series of notes word, or after the tall “s.”
for the Continental Congress Thus, the word “assem-
but also at least one series of ▲ FREDERICK GREEN printed this uniface 4-pence bl
bly” would appear to have
notes for 9 of the 13 colonies. “ticket” in August 1781. Not Actual Size been spelled “affembly,”
Frederick Green printed while “Congress” might
the October 17, 1780, notes (Figure 11). Newman appear be spelled “Congrefs.” These rules weren’t
lists him as one of the signers of the notes printed consistently followed, and use of the “tall s” was
from December 7, 1775, through May 10, 1781, discontinued in the early 19th century.
except for those printed on October 17, 1780. The It is not my intent to describe all the devices
two series of Maryland notes issued in 1781, pursu- employed by the Greens to deter counterfeit-
ant to the acts of May 10 (Figure 12) and August 8, ing. Some notes bear intentional punctuation
were printed by Frederick Green. His name doesn’t errors, multiple type sizes in the same word,
appear on the August notes, which are uniface, hidden words, etc., and only a few of these fea-
low-denomination change “tickets.” This was the tures have been discussed herein. Those who
last year that colonial currency was issued by the choose to collect Maryland colonial currency
state, and the notes of both series, which are de- will find the study of their characteristics a fas-
nominated in shillings or pence, are quite rare. cinating pursuit. ■
Acknowledgments
I would like to express my appreciation to Erik
he signers of Maryland notes Goldstein, senior curator of mechanical arts
had an interesting mix of backgrounds and and numismatics for The Colonial Williamsburg
occupations. For example, William Eddis, Foundation, for reviewing my manuscript and
who signed the 1774 notes, was the surveyor making helpful suggestions.
of customs until 1777, when he was ordered
to leave the country because of his loyalty to SOURCES
England. He is of special interest to students Behrens, Kathryn L. “Paper Money in Maryland,
of early Maryland history because of a series 1727-1789.” Johns Hopkins University Studies in
of 42 letters he wrote between 1769 and 1777, Historical and Political Science, series XVI, no. 1
which, according to the Harvard University (January 1, 1923).
Press website, “provide a valid contemporary Newman, Eric P. The Early Paper Money of Amer-
account of the colonies during their last years ica, 5th edition. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 2008.
of dependency and give a wealth of descriptive Reese, William S. “The First Hundred Years of
information about the developing Chesapeake Printing in British North America: Printers and
area.” The letters were first published in 1792 Collectors.” abaa.org/member-articles/the-first-
under the name Letters from America and subse- hundred-years-of-printing-in-british-north-america-
quently reprinted. printers-and-c.
Robert Couden, who signed the 1757 and Richardson, John M. “The Green Family: Printers
1770 notes, was the proprietor of a store in of Colonial Bills in Connecticut and Maryland.” Coin
Annapolis, while William Hindman, a signer of Collector’s Journal (July 1935).
the 1775 notes, was a lawyer who later served Sandrock, John E. “Maryland Colonial and Con-
as a U.S. senator from Maryland. And John tinental Bank Note Issues of the American Revolu-
Clapham, the sheriff of Anne Arundel County, tion.” thecurrencycollector.com/pdfs/Maryland_
was one of the two signers of the 1767, 1770, and Colonial_and_Continental_Bank.pdf
1774 notes, and he was married to one of Anne Wroth, Lawrence C. A History of Printing in Colo-
Catharine Green’s daughters, Rebecca. nial Maryland, 1686-1776. Baltimore: Typothetae of
On another note, readers not familiar with colo- Baltimore, 1922.

2023
PITTSBURGH
A M E R I C A N N U M I S M AT I C A S S O C I AT I O N
J OI N U S FO R T H E BIGGEST COIN SHOW OF THE YEAR!
AUGUST 8-12 Dealers, auctions, world-class exhibits

of rare numismatic treasures, and great
educational opportunities. Don’t miss
your chance to build your collection
with the best inventory avalable.
Check out more information

& apply to be a dealer at WORLDSFAIROFMONEY.COM
by Harry Waterson
NUMISMATIC ART
ANA 1180098
James Earle Fraser and Laura Gardin Fraser utilized their craft
to honor E.A. Robinson, a close confidante and celebrated poet.
C
ollaboration is a coat of many Dear Mr. Fraser: I havee sesent
nt to
colors. The art world records numer- the Director of the Min ntt th
hee
ous credits and attributions: From formal approval of yo ourr
the school of... From the studio of... Oregon Trail coin. [Wee]
After a painting by... From an idea are having framed forr
by... Based on the work of... etc. Al- the Commission Rooms
most all these attributions are sequential in nature. photographs of it so that
True collaboration, with two or more artists work- when the question of
ing together, is exceedingly rare (and, in the case of a design for a coin or a
historical works, very hard to prove). The following
T O S : GE TT Y I M A GE S / S U M E TE E TH EE S U N GN E RN ( BRI CK )
medal comes up, we can n

LX E Y P N FE RO V (P LA QU E) ; ST A CK ’ S BO WE RS GA LLE RI ES
story presents a case in which both artists signed point to the work you and
nd
the piece. Mrs. Fraser have done and a d
an
San Francisco sculptor Chester Beach created say—The nearer you g ett t o
many sketches for the 1926 Oregon Trail Memorial that, the more thorough h wi
will
ll
half dollar (shown) and then, pleading other commit- get
be the approval you will get
ments, passed on designing the coin. Because of the from the Commission.
pressure of time, this commission was hastily offered
to James Earle Fraser and Laura Gardin Fraser, who The Frasers had long
took it on as their only public collaboration. Laura and illustrious careers
designed the Indian side and James did the wagon as both sculptors and
side. Laura executed the modeling for both sides. medalists. They shared
Numi
Nu m sm
mi smatatis
ati t Do
is D n Ta axa
x y wrw ot
o e,
e “IItt tes
esti
tifie
tifiess to the
fie h a st
s ud d io b ototh h in N ew w
TO
OT
& AL
fa
fact
act tha
hatt auuth
thene ti
en t c ge
geni
n us
us,, ev
e enn whehen n tr
t am
a meele ledd by York
Yo r C it
rk ityy an
and d WeWestst -
HO
PH
the
th
t e ne
nece
nece
c ss
ssit
itie
itiees of a mod derrn meechan
chan
ch anic
anic
ical
al minint,
t, can
t, po
p o rtt , Co
Con nnn ec
ecti
tii cu
u t.
t J am
m ess
t an
transf
sfor
sform
or m ou
ourr co
coin
i ag
in ge in
age into
to
o a work
ork of art
or r .” died
di
d ed d i n 1953 19
95533 , anand d L
Laa ur
u a
Thee Co
Th Commmm
mmis
misissi
sion
si on
n of Fi
Fine
nee Artts view
viiew
wed thi his
is desi
deessiign
g pass
pa sssed
ssed d awaway y in
n 19 9666.. The
h y ha
hey had
d
favo
fa vora
vora
abblly an
and d wr
wrot
o e to the
ot h Fra rs::
asseers n chi
no hild
h ld
ldre
reen.
n. Actual
Actuall S
Siize:
ze: 30
0.6m
6m
mm

This medallion was a gift, an expression of the Frasers’ warm wishes
to a friend, and was not intended to be distributed.
The Fraser Estate

Syracuse University acquired the bulk of the
Frasers’ estate in 1966. Today, their letters, doc-
uments, and photos of their artworks occupy
P H OT OS : GE TT Y I M A G ES / S U M ET E E T HE E S U N GN E RN (B RI CK ) & ALXEY P NFER OV ( P LAQUE) ; COUR TESY OF SP ECIAL COLLECTIONS & AR CHIVES, COLBY CO LLE GE LIBRARIE S , W AT E RV ILLE , MAINE
60 linear feet of shelf space in the Syracuse Li-

brary Special Collections Research Center. The
other Fraser repository at the National Cowboy
& Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City
has a little over 8 linear feet of space dedicated to
items from the couple’s estate. Most of its hold-
ings are duplicates from the Syracuse Collection.
After cherrypicking the Frasers’ Westport stu-
dio, Syracuse University left a lot of material be-
hind. Leila, Laura’s sister and the executor of her
estate, told the studio employees to dispose of
whatever remained. The assistants destroyed ev-
erything that was not portable but saved the rest.
Two of those employees were John and Eliz-
abeth Rochovansky. John was a talented sculptor ONLY TWO EXAMPLES of this uniface
who specialized in executing large sculptures medallion are known. The piece depicts a
from the Frasers’ small models. Elizabeth helped man in a fisherman’s hat riding a winged
Laura run the administrative side of her studio. horse above a mountain range. Actual Size: 112.7mm
The Rochovanskys, who considered themselves
caretakers of the Fraser legacy, put all the studio
artwork and paperwork in boxes and stored them
for safekeeping. Decoding the Legend
The Rochovansky family moved to Shell E.A. are the initials of Edwin Arlington Robin-
Knob, Missouri, and in time, John and Eliza- son, an American poet who achieved national
beth’s son, Tom, became the caretaker of the recognition in the 1920s. He was born on Decem-
Fraser archive. To this day, the artworks are ber 22, 1869, in Head Tide, Maine, the youngest
housed in a storage building in the hills above of Edward and Mary Palmer Robinson’s three
Table Rock Lake. Over the past decade, Tom sons. At the time Edwin was born, the family
and his wife, Nancy, have been slowly selling was in the process of moving to Gardiner, Maine.
off the Frasers’ bronzes, plaques, medals, plas- In June 1870, after spending a month or so with
ters, and files to good homes. This treasure relatives, the Robinson family moved to Seaside
trove gained national awareness through Mitch House, a boarding house in a fashionable summer
Olszak’s feature in the June 2018 issue of The Nu- resort on Harpswell Neck.
mismatist (“Fraser Finds!,” p. 47). After reading Mary Robinson had wanted a girl, and she was
this article, I visited the collection and acquired a in no rush to name her new baby boy. As author
few of these Fraser treasures. Scott Donaldson recounts:
One of these pieces is a lovely bronze uniface
cast medallion. The reverse is rigged to hang on a It was a magical summer day on the Maine
wall. This 112.7mm work shows a man in a fisher- coast. After lunch, mother and baby boy Rob-
man’s hat brandishing a walking stick in the air. inson joined the ladies on the screen porch to
He is on a quest, riding a winged horse galloping watch the men setting out the wickets for cro-
over a rocky mountain range. The work is signed quet. The child with the large eyes was much
LAURA/AND JIM/FRASER in the left field. The admired by the women visitors and there arose
legend above the horse and rider reads E.A. AND a general consternation that he had not yet
HIS CHARGER CELEBRATING DEC 22. This me- been given a name. One visitor had the bright
dallion was a gift, an expression of the Frasers’ idea that all present should jot down names on
warm wishes to a friend, and was not intended to slips of paper, and Mary Robinson should draw
be distributed. Just two examples are known. one of the slips from a bonnet. The slip that

That same year, Robinson celebrated his 50th birthday,
and his friends conspired to make it a memorable one.
came out of the hat read “Edwin.” The woman 21, with laudatory quotes from 16 prominent
who suggested the plan happened to come from literary figures. The next evening, he saw The
Arlington, Massachusetts. Mikado at the Park Theatre. As relayed in Scott
Donaldson’s book, Edwin Arlington Robinson, A
Edwin hated his name. To borrow from Wil- Poet’s Life, “As if by happenstance, a group of his
liam Shakespeare, it did not flow “trippingly most intimate friends turned up at the same per-
on the tongue.” When pronouncing his name, formance. Afterward, the group held a birthday
P H O TOS : GE TT Y I M A G E S/ S U M E TE E T H EE S U N G NE RN ( BR ICK) & COUR TESY OF SP ECIAL COLLECTIONS & AR CHIVES, COLBY COLLEGE LIBR AR IE S , W AT E RV ILLE , MAINE
he’d hammer out each syllable individually in dinner at Louis Ledoux’s apartment.” No docu-
profound disgust. That way, according to Don- mentary evidence exists, but due to the Arthurian
aldson, it sounded “like a tin bathtub bumping iconography on the piece and the fact that each
down an uncarpeted flight of stairs.” Robinson of Robinson’s friends contributed to the celebra-
tried out various combinations of his name until tion, I believe the Frasers presented Robinson
he finally settled on E.A.—“which is easy to say with their birthday-card medallion at that late-
and to write, and serves every purpose.” night supper to celebrate the significant event.
On the medallion, Robinson is riding a The bas-relief symbolized the Frasers’ hopes that
winged Pegasus, which the Frasers labeled a Robinson would scale new heights as a poet.
charger (a medieval warhorse trained for bat-
tle). This was a reference to Robinson’s affin- Poet in Residence
ity for the Arthurian legend and the world of On March 22, 1922, Seth Pope passed away.
Camelot. From 1916 to 1918, he wrote two long- Robinson had been sharing Pope’s apartment
form poems, Merlin and Lancelot. The latter was in Brooklyn for the past four years and needed a
not published until January 1920. In Fall 1919, new place to live. A few days later, Robinson pre-
the poet’s correspondence was full of references sented himself on the Frasers’ doorstep in Green-
to its upcoming publication. wich Village and asked
if they could put him
Meeting the Frasers up while he looked IN 1919, after marrying James
James Earle Fraser first met Robinson in 1901 in for a new apartment. Fraser and becoming acquainted
a shooting gallery in the basement of a brown- They did better than with Edwin Robinson, Laura
stone at 450 W. 23rd Street, where Robinson that. They installed sculpted this bust of Robinson.
lived in a cubicle on the top floor. Charles Moore, him on an upper floor
the libertine son of Reverend Clement Clark of their residence at 28
Moore who wrote ’Twas the Night Before Christ- W. 8th Street. He was
mas, owned the building. The sculptor and the poet-in-residence in
poet had a mutual respect for each other and be- the Fraser household
came lifelong friends. for the rest of his life,
James Fraser married Laura on Thanksgiving though he was some-
Day 1913, and thereafter, they shared their lives what nomadic. Robin-
and their work. Robinson became a close friend, son spent four months
and he visited them often both in New York every summer at the
and in Westport. In 1919 Laura sculpted a bust MacDowell Colony in
of Robinson at the Fraser Studio on McDougall Peterborough, New
Alley. Unfortunately, while he was sitting for Hampshire, an attrac-
the sculpture, the clay bust fell on the floor, tive, quiet retreat for
causing Robinson to remark that Laura “had creative artists to live
smashed his head to the probable improvement and work. Robinson
of his appearance.” That Christmas, the Fra- used Veltin Studio at
sers gave Robinson a season ticket to the New the colony year after
York Philharmonic. year. In the winter, he
On December 22, Robinson celebrated his 50th lived with the Frasers,
birthday, and his friends conspired to make it a where he recharged
memorable one. A special tribute was published his batteries for the
in the New York Times Book Review on December next creative summer.

◀ ROBINSON received the Gold Medal for Poetry
from the National Institute of Arts and Letters
in 1929. Actual Size: 57mm
Travelin
l ng between New York and New Hampshire
always
l s included a succession of visits with family
andd friends. The journey could take a month or
twoo each way.
Awards Season
A
PH OTOS : GE T TY I M AG E S /S U M E T EE THEESUNGNER N ( BR ICK) & ALXEY P NFER OV ( P LAQUE) ; COUR TESY OF SP ECIAL COLLECTIONS & ARCH IV E S , COLBY CO LLE GE LIBRARIE S ,
Thhe 1920s were very rewarding for Robin-
so
on. He won the Pulitzer Prize three times
forr poetry (in 1922 for his collected works,
19225 for The Man Who Died Twice, and fi-
nally
y in 1928 for Tristam) and was the award’s
inauguural recipient. The latter was published in
1927 and became a bestseller. Macmillan ran 13
W AT ER VILLE, MAINE ( GOLD MEDAL) ; W IKIMEDIA COMMONS ( P ULITZ ER P R IZE) ; TOM & NANCY ROCH OV ANS K Y
printinggs of the book in its first six months of re-
lease.
l This
T was a high point in Robinson’s career.
In 1908 Robinson was elected to the
250-member National Institute of Art and Let-
ters. He was elected to the American Academy
of Arts and Letters in 1927. At that time, the
30-member Academy was a prestigious inner
body of the National Institute elected from
within its ranks. (The Academie Française was
the model for the American Academy.) Robinson
was the recipient of the National Institute of Arts
and Letters Gold Medal for Poetry two years
later. The obverse shows the god Apollo, and
the edge reads AWARDED TO EDWIN ARLING-
TON ROBINSON FOR DISTINCTION IN POETRY
MCMXXIX (1929). This gold medal is given to a
U.S. citizen for their entire body of work, regard-
THE PULITZER PRIZE (above) was first bestowed for poetry in less of membership in the institute.
1922, and Robinson was its inaugural recipient. Not Actual Size
Later Years
While Robinson was wintering with the Fras-
er
ers in the late 1920s, James created a plaquette
of the poet in repose, recharging his batteries.
T
The uniface, cast-bronze plaquette measures
8 x 6 inches and bears the initials JEF in the
u pper-right corner. The piece is not in Syra-
cu use University’s collection, and A.L. Freundlich
made no mention of it in his catalog, The Sculp-
m
tuure of James Earle Fraser.
In the 1930s, Robinson continued to work and
m
migrate with the seasons. His health began to fail
in
n 1934, and by Christmas, he was quite frail and
tiired. In early January 1935, Robinson was ad-
m
mitted to New York Hospital on E. 68th Street,
w
where he spent most of the last two months of his
liife. An exploratory operation revealed he had
innoperable pancreatic cancer that had metas-
taasized to his lungs. He wrote letters, received
v isitors, and finished proofing his final work,
◀ WHILE ROBINSON was living with the Frasers,

Ja
ames crafted a plaquette bearing his likeness.
Actual Size: 152.4 x 203.2mm

Laura created and had cast a typographical 10 x 16-inch plaque to remember
the summers Robinson spent in Veltin Studio at the MacDowell Colony.
King Jasper, before passing away on April 6, 1935. Dowell Colony. In September 1938, the colony
Laura Fraser made all the arrangements for his held a ceremony where it installed the plaque in
funeral, which was held on April 8 at St. George’s the front wall of the studio and held a reading
Protestant Episcopal Church on E. 16th Street. of some of Robinson’s works. Donaldson cred-
Robinson was cremated, and his ashes were in- its Laura with making the plaque. Freundlich,
terred in the family plot in Gardiner, Maine, on however, catalogs this work as No. 151 in his
May 13. The day before, Gardiner High School text and notes that James created it with his
P HOTOS: GETTY IMAGES/SUMETEE THEESUNGNER N ( BR ICK) & ALXE Y P NF E ROV ( P LAQUE ) ;
held a loving and tender remembrance of Edwin wife’s assistance in 1939. I side with Donaldson’s
Arlington Robinson in its auditorium. attribution, as Freundlich was a James Fraser
BER NICE B. P ER R Y ( R OBINSON P LAQUE) ; TOM & NAN CY ROCH OV ANS K Y
partisan, so he attributed any unsigned work to

In Memoriam James. Additionally, Freundlich conducted all
The Frasers did not just bury their friend—they of his research at Syracuse University, whereas
remembered him. Metropolitan newspapers and Donaldson actually visited Peterborough and re-
national magazines published obituaries, mem- searched at the MacDowell Colony. There is also
oirs, and articles of appreciation honoring Rob- an implied division of labor—James completed
inson and his contribution to American letters. the tribute book and death mask, while Laura
James collected 24 of the most insightful ones worked on Robinson’s funeral and the memorial
and published them privately in a 90-page com- plaque for Veltin.
pilation called In Tribute. He wrote, “This book, The plaque notes that Robinson used the
containing fewer than a third of the comments, studio from 1915 to 1924. It is four years off, how-
shows the widespread interest in the poet. Could ever, as Robinson began using the space in 1911.
he have known in what esteem he was held by He greatly valued his time there and the work he
the country at large, no one would have been created under their roof. MacDowell Colony was
more surprised than the sympathetic personality particularly proud of its association with Robin-
known to his close friends by the initials E.A.” son. The line at the bottom of the plaque features
There is one somber sculpture in the Rochovan- the last line of “John Brown,” a Robinson poem
sky collection, a plaster death mask of E.A. Rob- published in The Three Taverns: “I shall have
inson created by James Earle Fraser on the day more to say when I am dead.”
Robinson passed. This piece is a very personal and The first four lines from “The Master,” Robin-
intimate tribute to the poet from his friend, Jim. son’s poem about Abraham Lincoln, published in
Laura created and had cast a typographical The Town Down the River—A Book of Poems, would
10 x 16-inch plaque to remember the summers have more aptly served as Robinson’s own epi-
Robinson spent in Veltin Studio at the Mac- taph in 1935:
AS FINAL TRIBUTES,
James Earle Fraser
crafted this death
mask (left), while
Laura created
a plaque to commem-
orate the summers
Robinson spent in the
Veltin Studio at the
MacDowell Colony.
Not Actual Size
The Ozarks’ Coin Club gave me a special gift
when I left Missouri in 2020 after 15 years.
A flying word from here were generous with their time and provided pic-
and there tures of Fraser works portraying E.A. Robinson.
Has sowed the name at An entirely different kind of thank you be-
which we sneered, longs to the members of the Ozarks’ Coin
But soon the name Club. They gave me a special gift when I left
was everywhere, Missouri in 2020 after 15 years. Knowing my
To be reviled and interest in all things Fraser, they gave me an
then revered. original bronze of the E.A. Robinson medallion
and three process plasters. This gift comes with
The John Brown quote ex- the Rochovansky provenance leading directly
presses his friends’ hope back to the Frasers’ studio in Westport, Con-
that his works and reputa- necticut, and inspired this article.
tion would prosper and in- This article was written with deep apprecia-
fluence an ever-growing au- tion to the late Daniel “Tiny” Cross (may he rest
dience. Sadly, at the time in peace), Nancy Redman, and the members of
P HO TO S: G ETT Y IMAGES/SUMETEE THEESUNGNER N ( BR ICK) & HAR R Y W ATER SON/GR EG BUR NS

of this writing, that has not the Golden Eagles of the Ozarks’ Coin Club who
come to pass. provided me with a monthly forum to talk about
artists and the medals they sculpted.
Conclusion
In the end, the Robinson me- SOURCES
dallion and its three plasters Donaldson, Scott. Edwin Arlington Robinson,
were just a stop along the way A Poet’s Life. New York, NY: Columbia University
in the creative lives of Laura Press, 2007.
and James Fraser—a pause Fraser, James Earle. In Tribute: Edwin Arling-
to acknowledge a dear friend ton Robinson, 1869-1935. New York, NY: Privately
and a moment of happy col- printed, 1935.
laboration in their pursuit of Freundlich, A.L. The Sculpture of James Earle Fra-
equal but separate careers ser. uPUBLISH.com: Universal Publishers, 2001.
in the arts. I am glad these Hagedorn, Hermann. A Poet At Peterborough; Ex-
works still exist to express tracts from Edwin Arlington Robinson, A Biography.
that happy moment. ■ New York, NY: The Macmillan Company, 1938; Ex-
tracts printed by The Macmillan Co. for the Edward
Acknowledgments MacDowell Association, Peterborough, NH.
I’d like to thank Patricia James Earle and Laura Gardin Fraser Papers.
Burdick, the head of the spe- Syracuse University Libraries, Special Collections
cial collections and archives Research Center, Syracuse, NY.
at Colby College; Jonathan Miller Library, Special Collections Department,
Gourlay, the communications Colby College, Waterville, ME.
manager; MacDowell Colony; Olszak, Mitch. “Fraser Finds!” The Numismatist
and Haley Kane, the execu- (June 2018).
tive assistant at the Amer- Robinson, Edwin Arlington. “The Master.” The
ican Academy of Arts and Town Down the River—A Book of Poems. Boston:
Letters, for their contribu- The Boston Book Co., 1910.
tions to this article. Tom ____. “The Peterborough Idea.” North American
and Nancy Rochovansky Review, 204, no. 730 (September 1916): 448-54.
____. The Three Taverns: A Book of Poems. New
◀ THIS ORIGINAL bronze E.A York: Macmillan Co., 1920.
Robinson medallion, along Smith, Earl H. Mayflower Hill, A History of Colby
with the three process plas- College. Lebanon, NH: University Press of New
ters, were gifted to the author England, 2006.
by the Ozarks’ Coin Club. Taxay, Don. An Illustrated History of U.S. Commemo-
Not Actual Size rative Coinage. New York, NY: Arco Publishing, 1967.

YOU ARE CORDIALLY INVITED TO JOIN
AN INFLUENTIAL GROUP OF COLLECTORS
AS A MEMBER OF THE NEW
Dr. George F.
SOCIETY
The DR. GEORGE F. HEATH SOCIETY is a donor recognition
“The foundation of the ANA guild devoted to supporting the mission of the ANA and its
was not laid out for today programming needs, while expanding, educating, and inspir-
ing the collecting community. Three levels of membership are
alone but for the long and available: Silver (with an annual gift of $1,000), Gold ($2,500
a
annual g f ) and Diam
gift) mond ($5,000).
( , )
distant future as well.”
– DR. GEORGE F. HEATH, FOUNDER, Recurringg monthlyy payment
p y p
plans are availabble for
American Numismatic Association as lo
a ow
o a as $83.33/month. Spouses/partner
p p s of
Heeath
e h Societyy members are invited to be ecome
H
Heattth Societyy associate members for a an
add
a ditional
d $250. (ANA membership p iss a
pre
erequisite ffor Heath Society memb
e be
bership.)
Meembership p in the Dr. George

g F. Hea a
ath
So
ocietyy will be honored with ongoing
o g g
rec
r cognition;
c a Heathh Society medal
d lwwith your
JOIN nam
n me,
m Heath Societyy membership
and yyear that you
revvversse;
y joined
j engraved
g
p numm
mber,
on tthe
s invitations to speciall events; a b bronze
TODAY! calen
c nda
have the
n r medal; and so much more. Plus, you
e saatisfaction
a of knowingg yyou are part
LQŴXHQWLDOJURXSGHGLFDWHG to making a lasting
p o
y will
of an
Help your hobby and the ANA remain impact on our hobby.
vibrant for future generations of collectors!
Learn more at
MONEY.ORG/HEATH-SOCIETY
or contact Director of Development & Membership Donna Frater
at [email protected], or call 719-482-9856.
800-514-2646 818 N. Cascade Avenue, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 MONEY.ORG

by Aedan Garcia
ANCIENTS
ANA 3212584
THE
Eleusinian
MYSTERIES
The coins of an ancient religious institution offer
few insights into the rites practiced by initiates.
he Eleusinian Mysteries were a re- so long as they were deemed “pure.” It is gener-
ligious institution that selected individuals ally accepted that the Eleusinian Mysteries were
for and performed rituals that led initiates to an celebrated in two parts, starting with the Lesser
epiphany or a realization of their own divinity Mysteries, which were likely a lustral preparation
and thereby insight into the gods, the uni- for the Greater Mysteries, where the initiation
verse, and humankind’s place in it. Initiates took place.
include many prominent authors of pagan antiq- The language used to denominate the levels
uity—Aristotle, Cicero, Plato, and Plutarch are of initiation is revealing. First-term participants
among the most well-known. Initiates of mystery were called mystai, or those with closed eyes.
cults took vows to never reveal the practices of After their initiation, they were called epoptai, or
these institutions to the profane, or the unini- viewers—the underlying idea being that having
I LLU S TR A TI O N: G ET T Y I M A GE S/ RUDALL30
tiated. Despite extensive research conducted participated in the mystery rites, they had cast
on the Eleusinian Mysteries over the past 200 aside their symbolic blindness and could now
years, they continue to remain largely enigmatic. see their divinity. The Eleusinian Mysteries be-
It is equally remarkable then that such arcane gan at Athens, where initiates would spend the
institutions have left a numismatic record. This first four days engaging in rites of purifications.
article examines the coinage relevant to the On the first day, they were addressed by the
Eleusinian Mysteries and provides a brief Archon-Basileus, an Athenian magistrate, and
description of its symbolism. given instructions for cleansing and preparation
to receive the sacred rites. The prescribed modes
The Eleusinian Mysteries of purification consisted of abstinence, baptism,
To appreciate the coinage of the Eleusinian Mys- fasting, and sacrifices, notably of a piglet, in
teries, it is worthwhile to explore what the reli- honor of the goddess. On the fifth day, initiates
gious rites were. Although details are scarce due began their grand procession to Eleusis along
to the aforementioned vows of secrecy, scholars a sacred path marked by shrines and the jos-
have searched through the fragmentary remains tling footprints of countless generations who had
of the Eleusinian Mysteries both in literature and eagerly made the venerable 14-mile trek to Ele-
the archaeological record and reconstructed a usis. The procession was led by a wooden idol of
basic outline. Iacchus, to whom initiates chanted sacred hymns
Firstly, initiation was available to all men and and which was accompanied by religious symbols
women of any social class, from slave to king, and statues. On the sixth night, the holy rites

“I approached the gods below and the gods above face to face
and worshipped them in their actual presence.”
sweated profusely as they faced dangers both

imagined and real. Groping helplessly in the
darkness, they eventually glimpsed a light that
led them into the sanctuary of the goddess.
Here, a veil was symbolically—and perhaps lit-
erally—lifted, and initiates beheld the mystery
of the mother of the gods. The most complete
description of what was experienced during a
mystery initiation comes from the Metamorpho-
ses of Apuleius, who, speaking of the Isiac Mys-
teries, wrote:
I came to the boundary of death and after tread-

ing Proserpine’s threshold I returned having
P HOTO: THE MET
traversed all the elements; at midnight I saw the

sun shining with brilliant light; I approached the
gods below and the gods above face to face and
worshipped them in their actual presence. Now
I have told you what, though you have heard it,
you cannot know.
Individuals who completed their initiation

rejoiced in a state of ecstasy and were ranked
among the blessed souls who, upon their death,
had secured a place in the Elysian Fields, a
land of eternal abundance where the suffering of
earthly life is unknown. The Mysteries offered
a return to the archetypal womb of the mother
of the gods, the renewer of life and symbolic place
of origin. This was expressed as the sun setting
into the womb of the mother of the gods and
▲ THIS RECONSTRUCTION of a marble relief that was found at coming forth by day, the seed being sown into
the sanctuary of Demeter at Eleusis depicts the deities who the womb of the earth and sprouting, or man’s
were central to the Eleusinian Mysteries. Demeter, the goddess descent into and ascent from corporeality. Each
of agricultural abundance, stands to the left holding a scepter. represented the unseen mystery of germination or
To the right is Persephone, her daughter and Hades’s wife, generation, and the symbolic return to the womb
and Triptolemus is between them. allowed the initiate to know these forgotten mys-
teries. As Apuleius stated, what was seen can
were performed in darkness. In different Mys- never be known to anyone other than the person
teries, they were celebrated at night, in caves, or who experienced it. Initiates came to know their
other subterranean places, which were symbolic own divine origin and destiny.
of the womb of the mother of the gods. What The experience of a mystery initiation was
actually happened is not clear. Given the large not primarily demonstrative; its main purpose
number of participants, it is likely that a sacred was not to affirm the initiates’ preconceived re-
drama was performed and perhaps enhanced ligious beliefs nor convince them to adhere to a
by psychoactive substances, as well as a group new religion. Instead, such experiences induced
ritual. However, other accounts refer to initi- an internal transformation whereby the initiate
ations performed for a single individual, and a became aware of their inseparability from divin-
basic outline of them is known. ity. They discovered that their true home was
Neophytes seeking their first initiation were among the gods, which is usually referred to as
led into a dark sanctuary. They reportedly ex- the sky, the stars, heaven, or a celestial river. It
perienced terror so great that they trembled and is then possible to understand why the Mysteries

It’s difficult to speculate what the effect such an experience
would have had on the lives of initiates.
remained popular among diverse groups of peo- it was not because they were forced to adhere to
ple without any essential theological contradic- a code of ethics or given commandments on how
P HOTOS: GETTY IMAGES/CHAR ALAM BOS AND RONOS ( S ANCT UARY ) , K ONS T ANT INOS
tions. A mystery rite allowed initiates to partic- to live. It was because they came to know the
ipate in mythical paradigms of regeneration that ultimate futility of the temporal desires of the
led to a reunion with a divine principle, be it rep- flesh and the lasting happiness incurred by the
resented by Osiris, Dionysus, Attis, or the other contemplation of and participation in the di-
manifold gods of resurrection. vine energies of the gods. It is no wonder, then,
LIVADAS ( ALTAR & S E AT S ) & RUD ALL30
The following day, the seventh, was one of that some of classical antiquity’s greatest minds
celebration. The eighth day saw initiates pour showered the Mysteries with praise and that the
libations for the dead from a low-lidded bowl Mysteries were protected from profanation on
called a plemochoe, and the Mysteries officially the pain of death.
ended on the ninth day. While some left Eleusis,
it is likely that others stayed and contemplated Coinage of the Mysteries
the goddess in ecstasy, like Lucius, the protag- The coinage of Eleusis is the most important type
onist of the novel Metamorphoses. This ecstasy relating to the Mysteries. Eleusinian coinage was
was praised by the Platonists, and the Mysteries specifically made for circulation during the
were a gateway to the arousal of the mania, or Greater Mysteries. Given that the city of Eleusis
wonder, necessary for the accomplishment of was under the yoke of Athens, it is virtually
philosophical labors. certain that they did not have the right to strike
It’s difficult to speculate what the effect such their own coinage. It is likely that the coins
an experience would have had on the lives of initi- of Eleusis were minted at Athens. Classics
ates. If it did alter their lives, if only temporarily, scholar Margaret Thompson noted that the most
PICTURED HERE are the ruins of the

ancient sanctuary where the Eleusinian
Mysteries took place.
THIS ALTAR was used to

make offerings to the gods.
PARTICIPANTS SAT on carved

seats in the ceremony building.

Eleusinian coinage was first minted in the 4th century B.C., and it was
likely introduced because of increased foreign participation in the Mysteries.
THIS ELEUSINIAN FESTIVAL

coin (c. 340-35 B.C.) is a
typical example. Struck in
Attica, Athens, it depicts
Triptolemus seated in a
winged chariot drawn by
two snakes on the obverse.
A piglet stands on a staff on
the reverse. Actual Size: 15mm
compelling evidence for this theory is a unique Aristophanes. While the prices of most expen-
P H OT OS : G E TT Y I M A GES/R UDALL30 ( BACKGR OUND) & CLASSICAL NUMISMATIC GR OUP ( CNGCOINS.COM)

error coin with an Eleusinian obverse and an ditures are not known, the total likely amounted
Athenian reverse. to a substantial sum, especially for foreign-
The earliest Eleusinian coinage depicts Trip- ers. Given the larger presence of participants
tolemus sometimes holding an ear of corn and from other countries, having a uniform coinage
riding a winged chariot drawn by serpents on available for celebrations at Eleusis would have
the obverse and a piglet standing on a staff made been desirable. In fact, Eleusis was such an
f
from the bound bough of a myrtle important commercial center that it was one of
tree o on the reverse. On some is- three cities in Attica that maintained an offi-
suess, a wreath of corn or wheat cial set of weights and measures during the 2nd
is aabove the piglet and below century B.C.
it are ivy and other objects
that elude identification. In
th Significant Symbols
a later issue, the goddess Perhaps the most striking feature of Eleusinian
Deemeter is shown on the coinage is the depiction of Triptolemus on his
obv verse, and the reverse pic- chariot drawn by a winged serpent. The role,
turees a plemochoe placed on if any, that Triptolemus had in the rites of the
top off a cista mystica, a basket Eleusinian Mysteries is not clear. However,
containingng sacred objects. History mythologically he is associated with farming
professor John H. Kroll notes that
professo and growing crops and is most commonly known
some issues feature two pig- as a hero who spread agriculture around the
lets and explains that this world. Classics scholar and professor J.W. Day,
waas likely done to indicate as quoted by art historian and archaeologist
thhe denomination; how- Isabelle Raubitschek, goes so far as to say that
evver, the denominational “during the fifth century Triptolemus was em-
sttructure is not clear. Most ployed as a symbol of Athens civilizing mission
Elleusinian coins bear the at the head of her imperial amphictyony.” Con-
insccription ΕΛΕΥΣΙ, which sidering that the advent of Eleusinian coinage
Kroll interprets as mean-
K coincided with an increase in foreigners’ par-
ng “Eleusinian money” or
in ticipation in the Mysteries, it seems that Trip-
▲ THE INSCRIPTION ΕΛΕΥΣΙ “of Eleusis.” tolemus’s presence on coins was intended for
(“Of Eleusis”) is legible on the Eleusinian coinage was outsiders, or at the very least as a projection of
reverse of this Eleusinian coin. first minted in the 4th cen- Athenian imperialism.
Actual Size: 15mm tury B.C., and it was likely The choice of a winged serpent chariot was
introduced because of in- not a random one. The serpent is a symbol of
creased foreign participation in the Mysteries. the goddess and her Mysteries. Snakes are as-
Expenses incurred during the Mysteries ranged sociated with regeneration or rebirth because
from provisions to ritual paraphernalia. For ex- they shed their skin and some are known to
ample, a piglet cost three drachmas, according to burrow or use the holes made by other crea-

It is possible that seeds were used to symbolize the mystery of the
descent of Persephone into the underworld, and corn or wheat represented her ascent.
tures, which is also noteworthy when Th he next emblem is that of the

considering the serpent’s chtho onic staff, which is nearly impossible to as-
(belonging to or inhabiting the un n- sign n a definitive meaning to because
derworld) association. off its vast dissemination in antiq-
On the reverse, some issues de- uiity. The staff of the Eleusinian
pict a wreath of corn or wheat, Mysteries was made of a bound
M
P HOTOS: CLASSICAL NUMISMAT IC GROUP ( CNGCOINS .COM)

staple crops that can be viewed bo ough of myrtle, which is an ever-
as a symbol of agriculture itself. grreen; the bough strung together
In classical thought, agriculture ma ay symbolize many parts being
and the Mysteries are gifts of Dee- heldd together, like the dismembered
meter that lifted man out of a statee of gods being made whole. However, it
bestial savagery, and, once again,, cropsp is a femiinine symbol as the Greeks asso-
are a symbol with imperialistic ccon con- ciated it with the vulva, and its most ev-
notations. More importantly, corrn ident association is with the goddess,
and wheat had religious signifi-- espeecially Aphrodite.
cance in the rites itself, according Lastly, ivy is synonymous with
to Clement of Alexandria, and it Diionysus and wine. The most im-
was one of the objects contained po ortant aspect of ivy symbolism
in the cista mystica. It is possible is that, like myrtle, it is an ev-
that seeds were used to symbol- errgreen associated with the al-
ize the mystery of the descent off ways youthful and undying gods.
Persephone into the underworld, an nd Art h historian Richard Payne Knight
corn or wheat represented her observed that “in general, all
o
ascent. However, the symbolic eevergreens were Dionysiac
difference between corn and ▲ THIS RARE Eleusinian type of plants, that is, symbols of the
wheat and why they are used Attica (c. 224-198 B.C.) shows generative power, signifying
in ways that seem to be inter- a plemochoe on the obverse and a perpetuity of youth and vigor.”
changeable is not clear. wheat ear passed through handles The color green in antiquity was
The emblem of the pig, as within a wreath on the reverse. intimately connected to plant
previously stated, is directly Actual Size: 13mm life and the season of spring,
connected to the celebration of concepts that are intertwined
the Greater Mysteries. In antiquity, the pig was with Dionysus. Therefore, ivy not only repre-
generally thought to be the most bestial of all sented fertility but also rebirth. Green is also
animals. Plutarch writes, “We observe no other associated with the initiates’ symbolic rebirth
creature so fond of mud and of dirty, unclean and immortality, which, in the context of the
places … People say also that the eyes of swine Mysteries, referred to a spiritual knowing or
are so twisted and drawn down that they can awareness of the immortality of the soul. The
never catch sight of anything above them or inspiration symbolically associated with the
see the sky.” Pigs are known to bathe in mud drunkenness of wine and fire that initiates ex-
to lower their body temperature as they do not perienced during the rites was thought to lib-
adequately sweat, a behavioral trait that would erate the soul from the ailments of the body,
not have gone unnoticed. As in the Mysteries, and participants of all ages believed that they
the soul’s descent into the corporeal world was regained the strength and vigor of youth during
likened to moving down into a symbolic mud the rites, which is explicitly stated in The Frogs,
or mire, a doctrine that Plato derived from the a comedy play written by Aristophanes.
Mysteries as he relates it in his Phaedo. Iam-
blichus, in his treatise On the Mysteries, writes, Related Coinage
“Understand, then, that ‘mud’ represents all Although they are extremely rare, bronze tokens
that is corporeal and material.” Therefore, the have been discovered around the Tholos in the
pig’s inability to see the heavens and its affinity Athenian agora that were likely connected to
for mud made it a symbol of corporeal or terres- the Eleusinian Mysteries. These are called kernos
trial nature. tokens. (The kernos is a ringed vessel used to

The symbolism of light, often represented by the sun or fire,
is among the most complex in antiquity.
hold offeerings.) Thus far, without experiencing the epiphany of the initi-
exam mples have been ate that transcends intellectual interpretation,
found depicting a their ultimate meaning remains a mystery. Like
pop ppy, a symbol that few other objects, coinage acts as a conduit that
ap
ppears often on directs the viewer to a specific time and place.
arrtistic renditions of Eleusinian coinage is no exception. It provides a
D
Demeter and Perse- direct link to an institution that was not only the
ph
hone. It has been spiritual backbone of classical antiquity, but also
one that inspired some of its greatest minds. ■
P HOTOS: GETTY IMAGES/HAR IS CHR IS ( R UINS) & CLASSICAL NUMISMATIC GR OU P ( CNGCOINS .COM)
sug
ggested that these
tokens were issued as
a suppl
supplement
le that could SOURCES
be us
use
used when coinage Beke, L. George. “Demeter’s Torch and the Mys-
was unavailable. teries of Eleusis.” The Celator, 26, no. 3 (2012): 14-18.
A similarly enig- _____. “Plato’s Cosmic X.” SEAC conference
m
matic series of to- proceedings, 20 (2013): 257-263.
keens issued for the Clement, A. Paul. Plutarch’s Moralia Volume VIII.
feestival of Isis may Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press,
sh hed some light. William Heinemann, 1957.
T hey were made Cosmopoulos, B. Michael. Greek Mysteries. New
ffrom the 3rd to 5th York and London: Routledge, 2004.
ce
centuries A.D. for Kenney, E.J. Apuleius Golden Ass. Great Britain:
th
the last major pa- Penguin Books, 2004.
▲ THIS TOKEN was struck in the gan festival, Nav- Knight, Richard Payne. The Symbolical Language
mid-4th century for the festival igium Isidis. Many of Ancient Art and Mythology. New York: J.W. Bou-
of Isis, the last major pagan are holed, indicat- ton, 1892.
fair of antiquity. Actual Size: 16mm ing that they were Kroll, H. John. “The Greek Coins.” The Athenian
worn as a necklace Agora, 26 (1993): 27-48.
and likely functioned as a talisman, or at the very Mylonas, E. George. Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mys-
least a memento of the religious festival. teries. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1961.
The symbolism of light, often represented by Raubitschek, Isabelle K., and Antony E. Raub-
the sun or fire, is among the most complex in itschek. “The Mission of Triptolemos.” Hesperia
antiquity. Suffice it to say that light, as expressed Supplements, 20 (1982): 109-208.
by the sun and other luminaries, contains a divine Thompson, Margaret. “Coins for the Eleusinia.”
generative and life-giving power and has doubt- Hesperia, 11, no. 3 (1942): 213-229.
lessly been venerated from time immemorial. “Tokens for the Eleusinian Mysteries.” blogs.
By identifying with light, a symbol of the divine, warwick.ac.uk/numismatics/entry/tokens_for_the_
the initiate seeks to identify as the divine princi- eleusinian_mysteries.
ple itself. Wright, Wilmer Cave. The Works of The Emperor
As previously stated, it is possible to redis- Julian Part I. Cambridge and London: Harvard Uni-
cover the symbols of ancient theology. However, versity Press, William Heinemann, 1913.
WHILE RELICS such as

this wall with its rosette
carving can be found at
the archaeological site
of Eleusis, their mean-
ing remains shrouded
in mystery.
Ancient & Medieval Coins Allen G. Berman LM 6362
POWER STRUGGLE
The papacy and Roman senate fought for influence in the Middle Ages.
F rom 1143 to 1188, the pope

spent very little time in
Rome. Control over the city
and its environs had fallen to
a municipal senate. Frequent ur-
◀ THIBAULT II (r. 1125-52) was a
count of Champagne. This denier
of his was struck at Provins and
features a cross on the obverse and a
wool comb surmounted by a “V”
ban unrest at this time caused a on the reverse. Not Actual Size
decline in pilgrimages and a cor-
responding drop in the flow of name of the region, as Champagne
money into the city. This neces- iis render
e dered champ (“field”)
sitated the first need for locally p
peigne
g e (“comb”).
made coins since the late 900s. So the Roman sen-
The billon (base silver) deniers ate’s
at first coins were
issued by the counts of Champagne issued
is with a wool
and struck at Provins had been comb
co and cross de-
P H O TOS : CLA S SI CAL NUMISMATIC GR OUP ( CNGCOINS.COM) ( COINS) & W IKIP EDIA.OR G
common in and around Rome si
sign. But the origi-
for nearly half a century. These na inscription was
nal
coins inscribed HENRI or TE- rrepplaced with the ab-
BALT COMES/CASTRI PROVINS breviated
brevi a phrase SENA-
(“Count Henry or Thibault/ and make them more p par-- TUS S PPQR (“Senate and
of Fort Provins”) bear a cross allel. Also, they coulld the Roman people”)/
on one side and a wool comb on serve as an impro-- ROMA CAPUT MUNDI
RO
the other. vised weapon that (““Rome head of the
What’s a wool comb? It is not the nobility could not world”). Generally,
w
a device for grooming your pet deny the peasantry. th
he poor striking on
sheep. When wool is sheered, the The comb on this thhese coins prevents
individual fibers are chaotically coin is a reminder of thee annyone from reading
intertwined in different direc- wool trade that thriveed the entire inscription.
tions and they are unable to at the fairs of Champag agne, But noot to worry, the eas-
be spun into yarn. Wool combs where many of these coins cir-cir iest way to distinguish the de-
were used to straighten the fibers culated. It is also a pun on the niers struck at Provins from those
struck at Rome is by the letter cen-
tered over the comb. The original
Provins issues have a V, but that
POPE EUGENE III,

shown here on his
deathbed, was unable The easiest way
to reside in Rome
during nearly his to distinguish the deniers
entire pontificate struck at Provins from
(1145-53) because of those struck at Rome
Roman opposition to
papal influence. is by the letter
centered over the comb.

◀◀ Ancient & Medieval Coins c o nt inu ed ■
was changed in Rome to an S for se-
natus. So identifying the two types is
actually quite easy.
In 1188 Clement III, a pope of Ro-
man origin (1187-91), managed to
come to a compromise with the sen-
ate, and the pope returned to Rome.
It was agreed that the senators would
be nominal vassals of the pope, who
could, in theory, appoint them. The
pope nominally controlled the mint
as well. This constitution was con-
I M A G ES : BR IT I S H LI BRA RY ( I LLUSTR ATION) , JEAN ELSEN & SES FILS S.A. ( COIN) , HER ALDICAR T.OR G ( COMB) & GETTY IMAGE S / K W ANGMOOZAA
firmed a decade later by a senato-
rial oath promising to defend for the
pope, “St. Peter, the city of Rome,
the Senate, the mint.” During this
time, denari provisini (i.e., Provins-
style denari) with the senate’s in-
A WOMAN is shown combing wool in an illustrated manuscript. Shown at right
scription continued to be issued.
In 1208 Pope Innocent III (1198- is a wool comb, which was used to straighten wool fibers before they were spun
1216) referred to the Roman coin- into yarn. The tool is depicted on Roman denari, such as the example shown be-
age not as senatorial per se but as low issued by the Roman senate in the 1300s, as a reminder of the wool trade
that thrived at the fairs of Champagne. Not Actual Size
“commonly called of the Senate”S t ”
when promulgating a law w re--
quiring its acceptance in n a ter reebuking Charles’s gov- time, the size and purity were re-
rural district. ernm ment for issuing coins duced, and the coins became rounder.
From the 1220s to thee witthout “license of the The early coins (Berman 94) have
departure of the pope Ap postolic See.” A 1317 the comb on the side with the motto
to Avignon in 1309, doocument of the mer- ROMA CAPUT MUNDI. The majority
relations between the Ro- chants’ guild confirmed of the later type (Berman 155) have
man senate and the popee tthi s senatorial control. the comb on the side with the inscrip-
frequently flip-flopped. Th he The denari with the wool- tion SENATUS PQR. Both types are
pope was alternately an influn
nflu-
nflu comb d design continued to be quite common and easy to obtain.
ential force in the city or ann exile struck k throughout
t this period. As a result of the pope’s reconquests
from it at frequent, chang gingg Whilh le none bear dates, the in the area, papal government was re-
intervals. By the senator- r- feww datable issues are stored to Rome in the 1350s. Coinage
ship of Charles of Anjou u f om 1203-04, 1263-66,
fro easily recognizable as papal was per-
(1263-78 passim, or not annd 1347. These help manently restored at the Rome mint
continuously), the pope seerve as anchor points by Pope Urban V (1362-70). However,
had lost even indirect to observe the evolution some denominations seem to have con-
influence on coinage, ass of variation in the type. tinued to be issued with senatorial de-
indicated by the pope’s let- t- At some
s point during this signs and inscriptions. The fact that
Pope Boniface IX (1389-1404) issued
a denaro provisino with the common
Relevant References wool-comb design and his own inscrip-
The most convenient reference for papal coins is my own, Papal Coins. It was tions, BONIFATIUS PP NO/IN ROMA
written to be both portable and comprehensive, but only for basic types. SPQR (“Pope Boniface the Ninth in
Another handy book is Monete e Zecche Medievali Italiane by Elio Biaggi. For the Rome, the Senate and the Roman peo-
historical background of medieval Roman senate coinage, see my Papal Numis- ple”) (Berman 240), shows that it is
matic History: The Emancipation of the Papal State. The absolute best catalog of likely that the latest base examples of
papal coins, including the Roman senate’s issues, is Francesco Muntoni’s Le mon- this series were in fact struck by the
ete dei Papi e degli stati Pontifici. It is a four-volume set and exists both in hard- papal government after its restoration
and softcover. It pretty much replaces the classic works on the subject, Camillo in Rome. This last type, along with the
Serafini’s Le Monete e le Bolle Plumbee Pontificie, which is actually a catalog of datable varieties mentioned above,
the Vatican’s own collection, and Corpus Nummorum Italicorum, by none other are all much scarcer than the anony-
than King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy. mous senatorial types.
[email protected]

Tokens & Medals David Schenkman ANA 1045701
INNOVATIVE MECHANIC
A Swedish immigrant who made groundbreaking
improvements to ship design was honored with a monument.
S tudents of Civil War history

will undoubtedly be familiar
with John Ericsson, while the
name will mean nothing to some
readers of this article. Born in Swe-
In 1839 Ericsson immigrated
to the United States as a result of
conversations he had with Cap-
tain Robert Stockton, an American
naval officer who had become inter-
Following the outbreak of the
Civil War in 1861, Ericsson was
awarded a contract to build an iron-
clad warship. Construction started
at the Continental Iron Works in
den on July 31, 1803, Ericsson de- ested in a screw propeller Ericsson Greenport, Long Island, and on
veloped an interest in mechanical had invented. The navy contracted January 30, 1862, the USS Monitor
objects early in life, and at the age of with him to build a screw-pro- was launched, much to the surprise
13 he became a cadet in the Swedish pelled warship, and in 1843 the USS of critics who had nicknamed the
navy. Four years later, he enrolled Princeton was successfully launched vessel “a cheesebox on a raft” and
in an engineering unit of the army at the Philadelphia Navy Yard. The predicted it would sink. The rest,
with the rank of ensign and became following year, with President John as they say, is history; the ship’s fa-
interested in steam engines. Tyler and many other dignitaries mous battle with the Confederate
Ericsson developed a design for onboard, the ship headed down the ironclad CSS Virginia (formerly USS
a caloric engine, and in 1826 he pre- Potomac River for a demonstra- Merrimack) on March 9, 1862, at
sented his findings to the British So- tion cruise. Two large guns, named Hampton Roads, Virginia, changed
ciety of Civil Engineers. The presen- Peacemaker and Oregon, had been naval warfare forever and made
tation failed, but John Braithwaite, installed on the ship, and one of Ericsson a hero.
an English engineer, was impressed them was fired several times as a During the war, Ericsson was
with the inventor and invited him salute to George Washington. The instrumental in the construction of
P HOTO: NATIONAL P AR K SER VICE

to became a partner in his firm. The final shot caused the gun to explode, other ironclad vessels for the gov-
duo worked together for 10 years, wounding more than 15 guests and ernment. His work following the
during which time they invented a killing Secretary of State Abel P. war included ship designs for other
depth finder and devised several Upshur, Secretary of the Navy countries, experiments with subma-
improvements to engines. Thomas Gilmer, and four other men. rines and torpedoes, and even some
experimental work with solar
energy; he was indeed ahead of his
JAMES EARLE FRASER designed this time. He died on March 8, 1889, and
memorial to John Ericsson, who is following a memorial service in New
shown seated in front of a group of three York, his body was transported on
allegorical figures standing on a pedestal. the USS Baltimore to Sweden, where
A medalet was issued to commemorate he was buried.
the statue’s dedication on May 29, 1926. On August 31, 1916, Congress
authorized $35,000 to erect a me-
morial to Ericsson in Washington,
D.C. Following a design competi-
tion, in 1921 the John Ericsson Me-
morial Commission selected James
Earle Fraser, a name well known
to numismatists, as the sculp-
tor. By this time, the commission
had raised an additional $25,000
from the contributions of Swed-
ish Americans and others. Due
to various conflicts, Fraser was
not permitted to start work on the
project until 1924.

◀◀ Tokens & Medals c on t i n u ed ■
Finally, the monument was scheduled plaster cast, tinted pink to resemble icsson facing left, with JOHN ERICSSON
to be dedicated at a site near the Lincoln marble, was revealed at the dedication. ★ BORN IN SWEDEN ★ DIED IN U.S.A.
Memorial on May 29, 1926. President An article in the May 30, 1926, Evening around it. The date 1803 appears verti-
Calvin Coolidge and Sweden’s Crown Star newspaper noted that cally to the left of the bust, and 1889 ver-
Prince Gustaf Adolf were in attendance, tically to the right. The reverse inscrip-
and both delivered speeches at the The memorial is to be of pink Mil- tion is DEDICATION/OF/MONUMENT/
unveiling ceremony. The actual mon- ford granite. Seated in the chair set WASHINGTON D.C./SOUVENIR/MAY
ument had not been completed, so a back in the great pedestal of granite 29, 1926. In the center is a scroll, which
i the
is h figure
fig of Ericsson, in a posture most likely was placed there to allow
of thhought. Superimposed are space for engraving a name.
P H OT OS : D AV ID S CH E NK MAN
three
th e life sized models of a female The medalet was probably sold
figure
fi representing Vision; a by vendors as a souvenir to those
m
male figure of Labor, in work- attending the dedication ceremony, so in
ng clothes and with distended
in theory, a fairly large number of them
m
muscles; and another, Adven- were produced. However, when the Vir-
turee in the position of advance, ginia Numismatic Association published
a ed with shield and sword.
arme my catalog Tokens & Medals Commemo-
rating the Battle Between the Monitor and
The commpleted monument was 20 feet Merrimac in 1979, I was not aware of it.
high, wiith a base 150 feet in diameter. As far as I know, it has remained rare, al-
A 30mmm bronze medalet (pictured though, as is the case with so many items
at left
ft), looped at the top and sus- of its kind, not especially valuable.
p
pende d from a red, white, and blue I welcome readers’ comments, and
ribbonn, was struck to commemorate you can reach me at the following
the mo onument’s dedication. Fea- email address.
Actual Size: 30mm tured on the obverse is a bust of Er- [email protected]

Paper Money Wendell Wolka LM 4853
FINANCIAL MELTDOWN
The Civil War and poor banking practices caused Wisconsin banks to fail.
T he months, weeks, and days

leading up to the beginning of
the Civil War in April 1861 were
a time of great anxiety for the
nation’s banks and bankers. The im-
merous “financial institutions” that
were operating without the benefit
of any legal standing created a fiscal
environment that was always on the
brink of confusion and collapse, even In the 1830s, several banks
pending war would bring financial in the best of times. that had been authorized
instability and its associated losses, vanished as quickly as they
customer panic, and failures. This Wild Wisconsin
was nothing new; the War of 1812 Nowhere was this sense of confu- had appeared due to limited
and the Panics of 1837 and 1857 had sion and foreboding more appar- resources and a lack of capital.
all led to disruptions in the nation’sent than in the state of Wisconsin.
financial system. First in the wilds of the Northwest
By 1860 the nation’s banking sys- Territory, and then the Wiscon-
tem comprised commercial banks sin Territory, commerce was often
chartered or authorized by various carried on without the benefit of an Such a vote was held in November
states whose bank-note circulations established banking system. In the 1851, during which Wisconsin cit-
P H O TOS : HER ITAGE AUCTIONS ( NOTES) & GETTY IMAGES/R AP IDEY E

were used to carry on commerce. In 1830s, several banks that had been izens confirmed that they were in
addition, the issues of equally nu- authorized vanished as quickly as favor of the state passing legisla-
they had appeared due
th tion to create banks of issue. At the
to limited resources and time, free banking was all the rage.
a lack of capital. These This Populist notion was that any-
fa ailed institutions in- one with access to capital should be
ccluded the Bank of Wis- allowed to form a bank. Monopolies,
cconsin (1835-39) and the personified by large, multi-branch
Bank of Mineral Point
B state banks, such as those of Indiana
(11836-41). The only truly and Ohio, were out of favor. Eigh-
successful banking firm teen states enacted some type of
within the boundaries of
w free banking law between 1837 and
thhe state was the Wis- 1860, with Wisconsin’s being quite
ONE OF THE FEW BANKS operating in Wisconsin before cconsin Marine & Fire In- typical. Passed in 1852, the law
1848, the Wisconsin Marine & Fire Insurance Company surance Company, with provided that:
became a free bank in 1853 and then the Marine offices in Milwaukee. Its • The bank comptroller would be
National Bank in 1900. Not Actual Size certificates of deposit
ce the state official responsible for free
ciirculated as money and banking in Wisconsin.
were considered as good
w • A bank’s circulation was to be
as gold. Aside from this secured by state bonds or certain
nstitution, banking was
in railroad bonds paying at least
essentially outlawed in 6-percent interest. These bonds
he territory until Wis-
th were to be deposited with the
coonsin became a state bank comptroller.
in
n 1848. • Circulation was to be limited to
the market or par value of these
S
State Banks securities, whichever was less.
THE STATE STOCK BANK OF EAU CLAIRE was one of The new 1848 state
T • If the value of these securities
38 banks thrown out by the Milwaukee Bankers Convention constitution made any declined, the bank comptroller
on April 26, 1861. Its notes were ultimately redeemed at banking legislation con- was to call for additional securi-
95 cents on the dollar. Not Actual Size tingent on an affirma- ties or reduce the circulation of
tive public referendum. the banks.

◀◀ Paper Money c on t i n u e d ■
• As additional security for the re- During this time, the
demption of circulation, each bank’s comptroller was not
directors and stockholders were com- required to take into
pelled to provide personal bonds equal account the quality
to 25 percent of the bank’s outstand- of the bonds he could
ing circulation. accept or reject. As a
• Each bank’s capital paid in was to result, as of Novem-
be no less than $25,000 and no more ber 21, 1860, 59.26
than $500,000. percent of the state’s
• It was clearly understood that all free bank circulation
notes were redeemable in specie on security was repre- ▲ THE NORTHERN BANK was one of the ten financial insti-
demand and that failure to do so sented by bonds from tutions that were thrown out by the Bankers Convention on
would result in the forfeiture of the North Carolina, Ten- June 21, 1861, precipitating the Milwaukee bank riots three
bank’s charter and immediate liqui- nessee, Virginia, Lou- days later. Not Actual Size
dation, with the bank comptroller sell- isiana, and Missouri.
ing the bonds in order to redeem the very same banks. Workers took to
affected bank’s circulation. Financial Free Fall the streets on Monday, June 24, 1861,
Some of these provisions would Needless to say, with the commence- ransacking several banks that they
prove to be the undoing of Wiscon- ment of hostilities in April 1861, bond believed had provided area employers
sin’s free banking system during the values declined precipitously; between with notes for payroll purposes and
tumultuous days leading up to the April and May 1861, Southern bond then repudiated them after employees
Civil War. prices fell between 30 and nearly 50 had been paid. After the dust settled
percent. Anxious note-holders began both literally and figuratively, bank-
Depreciated Bonds demanding specie for their notes that ers and Milwaukee merchants raised
In spite of minor (1854) and major were so perilously secured, and most $100,000 to bolster the weakest insti-
P HOTO: HER ITAGE AUCTIONS

(1857) financial panics, all seemed to banks in the state began to suspend spe- tutions and restore some level of calm.
be working reasonably well during the cie payments. In an effort to stave off The free banks sold their out-of-state
years leading up to 1860. No Wis- panic, the state legislature directed bonds and substituted Wisconsin bonds
consin free banks closed in 1853. One the bank comptroller to temporarily that had been issued for the war effort.
closed in 1854; two in each of the fol- defer action against banks that had Other banks, whose financial condition
lowing years: 1855, 1856, and 1857; suspended specie payments and also prevented them from meeting specie
three in 1858; and four in 1859. While passed a law deferring the filing of any demands after December 1, 1861, were no
the trend was moving in the wrong di- note protests until December 1, 1861. longer paid out. Their notes were retired
rection, the numbers were still small. Belatedly, lawmakers also closed the and replaced by certificates of deposit
Systemic problems were present, loophole on what types of bonds could paying 7 percent until such time as their
however, that sowed the seeds for the be used to secure circulations, allowing securities could be sold without great
eruption of a major meltdown. only Wisconsin or federal securities to loss. Needless to say, this was not a fast
Apparently, the comptroller began be used for this purpose. process. These actions, however, finally
accepting all bonds at their par value Since there was no way to test quelled the panic, and the state suffered
c. 1857, and the law did not specify which banks were in sound financial no more free bank failures after 1861. Of
which bonds were appropriate to use condition, a Bankers Convention, at- the 140 free banks authorized under the
as security for a bank’s circulation. tended by 57 of the state’s leading in- 1852 Free Banking Act in the state of
These two situations led aggressive stitutions, was held on April 26, 1861, Wisconsin, 79 closed or failed (56 per-
bankers to use depreciated bonds to in Milwaukee. The participants pro- cent)—most in the first few months of
increase their financial leverage. For duced a list of 70 banks whose notes 1861. Of these, 37 (46.8 percent) were
example, a banker could purchase they would pay out and accept un- forced to redeem their notes below par,
bonds issued by less creditworthy til December 1, 1861. The attendees with an average redemption rate of 75.56
states at a discount and be credited also compiled a list of 38 banks that cents on the dollar.
for their full face value when deter- would be thrown out and whose notes By 1863, a new class of federally char-
mining the amount of circulation his would not be accepted. Three weeks tered national banks began to replace
bank would be allowed to issue. So, later, on June 21, 1861, the Milwaukee state banks of issue across the Northern
he might purchase $1,000 Missouri banks rejected an additional 10 finan- states (and, after the war, nationwide).
6-percent bonds for $702.50 in 1861, a cial institutions that had originally By 1866, state banks of issue were all
discount of 29.75 percent. The comp- been on the accepted list. Word of but a distant memory as national banks
troller would then allow him to place this action precipitated the Milwau- served as America’s private bank-
$1,000 of his notes into circulation for kee bank riots, because many workers ing system for the next seven decades.
each bond deposited with the state. had just been paid in notes from these [email protected]

64 Call for Sundman Lectures
65 Coin Show Safety Tips
ANA News
71 Presidential Award Recipients
VOLUME 136 • No. 3
M E M B E R SA F E T Y
A MESSAGE ANA President Establishes

from ANA Executive Director
Kimberly S. Kiick Security Committee
I’m so glad that “Old Coin The group provides updated strategies
Week”—the name assigned to
National Coin Week (NCW) in its
for protecting show attendees.
second year—didn’t catch on.
It sounds, well…old and stodgy, which anyone
involved in numismatics knows is not accurate. This i Instances
recent years, in-
of numismatic
ANA will increase security
presence and video sur-
year’s theme, submitted by ANA member Thomas crime have been on the veillance at conventions
Haroutunian, perfectly captures the rich history rise. A series of thefts have for added protection. The
and celebratory nature of NCW’s 100th anniver- occurred at shows in major Association is also in talks
P H OT OS : ROB ER T B . KELLEY ( KIICK) & GETTY IMAGES/UNDEFINED UNDEFINED
sary: “Our Money, Our Heritage, Our America.” cities across the country, with Davis to produce a
I’m asking for your help to make this year’s including the ANA’s 2022 video on show security that
event, to be held April 16-22, explosively big. There World’s Fair of Money® will be provided to dealers
is no better time than NCW’s centennial to show in Rosemont. In response, in the weeks leading up to
others that our hobby is both educational and ANA President Dr. Ralph its annual conventions.
enormously entertaining. Plus, it’s a great way to Ross has established a Se- Unfortunately, these
become part of an amazing collector community. curity Committee with the efforts are not foolproof, so
The NCW website (NationalCoinWeek.org) has goal of providing updated the collector community is
gobs of fascinating articles, resources, and images guidelines, resources, and encouraged to remain alert
related to the event’s history and this year’s theme. increased security mea- and look out for one an-
And ANA members and clubs can participate in sures for the collector other when attending
ILLUSTRATION: SHALYLA MARIN BRADFORD

trivia challenges to win fun prizes, including 2023 community to feel shows. “Thieves
U.S. Mint proof sets. safer at shows. look for targets of
Help spread your hobby enthusiasm by hosting Created opportunity,
a display at your local library, presenting at your in late 2022, where the risk
child or grandchild’s school, or sharing some the commit- is low, and
collectable coins with neighborhood kids. Consider, tee includes the potential
too, sponsoring a membership for a young numis- Doug Davis, for gains is high.
matist. For a mere $16, your YN will receive all the founder of the Sadly, our ANA
benefits of ANA membership, plus access to Numismatic Crime conventions are not
exclusive programs. And if you call 800-514-2646 Information Center immune from this threat,”
and reference code C23W, your recipient will also (NCIC), who helped create says ANA Governor and Se-
get a free gift package that includes a Wheat cent; a a list of security tips for curity Committee Chairman
Buffalo nickel; a world bank note and coin; an protecting assets during Charles Morgan. “Heading
ancient bronze specimen; a copy of the Check List & a show. (To view the com- into the National Money
Record Book of U.S. and Canadian Coins; and more! mittee’s top show-security Show, know that the Board is
Together, we can inspire the next generation, who tips, visit p. 65, or go to committed to improving and
enjoys the hobby as bit.ly/coin-show-tips for the evolving our security proce-
much as we do. full list.) dures so that thieves begin
Beginning with this to realize that it’s too much
month’s National Money trouble to target ANA shows
Show® in Phoenix, the and its members.”

ANA News
CONVENTION SCHEDULE 1 p.m.

Exhibitors may place exhibits South Hall F
National Money Show®, March 2-4, 2023 Table holders may set up South Hall F
Phoenix Convention Center • Phoenix, AZ 3 p.m.
Security room closes
5 p.m.
Unless otherwise noted, all events take place at South Hall F at CNG Auction lot viewing closes
the Phoenix Convention Center. The ANA Treasure Trivia game
6 p.m.
for families and school-age children is offered during public hours
Table-holder registration closes
at Table 731. Money Talks (indicated by “MT”) will be presented in
Room 154 on Thursday-Friday, March 2-3, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., 7 p.m.
with a one-hour break at 12 p.m. Classical Numismatic Group Exhibitor setup closes
(CNG) will conduct an online auction session on Friday, March 3,
Thursday, March 2
at 8 a.m. Lots will be available for viewing in Room 150 on
7 a.m.
Wednesday, March 1, from 12 p.m. to 5 p.m; Thursday, March 2,
Exhibitors may place exhibits South Hall F
from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m; and Friday, March 3, from 9 a.m. to 12 p.m.
8 a.m.
Dealer Setup & Hours Table holders may set up South Hall F
Wednesday, March 1, 1 p.m.-6 p.m. & Thursday, March 2, Table-holder registration opens Lobby F
8 a.m.-10 a.m. (setup); Thursday-Friday, March 2-3, Bourse opens to Early Bird badge holders South Hall F
8 a.m.-6 p.m.; Saturday, March 4, 8 a.m.-4 p.m. 8:30 a.m.
ANA Member Hours ANA member & public registration opens Lobby F
Thursday-Friday, March 2-3, 9:30 a.m.-6 p.m. (last entry at 9 a.m.
5:30 p.m.); Saturday, March 4, 9:30 a.m.-4 p.m. (last entry at CNG Auction lot viewing opens Room 150
3:30 p.m.) 9:15 a.m.
Public Hours ANA Ribbon-Cutting Ceremony Lobby F
Thursday-Friday, March 2-3, 10 a.m.-6 p.m. (last entry at 5:30 9:30 a.m.
p.m.); Saturday, March 4, 10 a.m.-4 p.m. (last entry at 3:30 p.m.) Exhibits must be in place
Bourse & exhibits open to ANA members South Hall F
10 a.m.
Questions? Bourse & exhibits open to the public South Hall F
[email protected] • 888-448-3262 ANA Exhibit Judges Meeting Room 152
MT: “Coin World+” (Jake Utz) Room 154
Tuesday, February 28 10:30 a.m.
9 a.m. ANA Judges Familiarization & Room 152
ANA Seminar: “Counterfeit Detection Room 156 Certification Program
of U.S. Coins with Emphasis on 11 a.m.
Chinese-Made Fakes,” Part 1 of 2 Coin Collecting 101 Table 731
(Brian Silliman)—advance registration MT: “Remember the Ladies” Room 154
& fee required (Michael T. Shutterly)
12 p.m. 1 p.m.
Security room opens Room 159 MT: “The Story of the U.S. Trade Dollar: Room 154
1873-85” (Walter Ostromecki)
Wednesday, March 1 2 p.m.
9 a.m. Coin Collecting 101 Table 731
ANA Seminar: “Counterfeit Detection Room 156 MT: “The Medal in America: Medals & Room 154
of U.S. Coins with Emphasis on American History” (Douglas Mudd)
Chinese-Made Fakes,” Part 2 of 2 3 p.m.
(Brian Silliman) MT: “Jenny Penny’s Cents: A Historical Room 154
10 a.m. View of the Lincoln Cent”
Table-holder registration opens Lobby F (Jenise Borrasso)
12 p.m. 5 p.m.
CNG Auction lot viewing opens Room 150 Table-holder registration closes

CNG Auction lot viewing closes
5:30 p.m.
ANA member & public registration closes
Admission to bourse & exhibits closes
6 p.m.
Bourse & exhibits must be vacated
P H OT O: GE T T Y IMAGE S /D AV E L5957
Friday, March 3
8 a.m.
Table-holder registration opens Lobby F
Bourse opens to Early Bird badge holders South Hall F
CNG Online Auction Online
8:30 a.m.
ANA Board of Governors Meeting Room 164
(executive session)
9 a.m.
ANA member & public registration opens Lobby F
CNG Auction lot viewing opens Room 150
9:30 a.m.
Bourse & exhibits open to ANA members South Hall F
10 a.m.
ANA Board of Governors Meeting Room 164
(open session & town hall)
Bourse & exhibits open to the public South Hall F
MT: “Fire & Coin Preservation” Room 154 Saturday, March 4 FREE Public Admission!
(Ron Brown) 8 a.m.
11 a.m. Bourse opens to table holders South Hall F
ANA District Representatives Meeting Room 155 & Early Bird badge holders
Coin Collecting 101 Table 731 8:30 a.m.
MT: “Mystery Ships with Bank Notes Room 154 ANA Young Collectors Corner registration Room 154
Salvaged, Looted, or Lost” 9 a.m.
(Roland Rollins) ANA member & public registration opens Lobby F
12 p.m. ANA Young Collectors Corner Room 154
Table-holder registration closes —free program
CNG Auction lot viewing closes 9:30 a.m.
Philippine Collectors Forum Room 152 Bourse & exhibits open to ANA members South Hall F
Prescott Coin Club meeting Room 152
10 a.m.
1 p.m. Bourse & exhibits open to the public South Hall F
MT: “Treasures in Your Pocket” Room 154 CNG Auction lot pickup opens Room 150
(Sam Gelberd)
1 p.m.
2 p.m. ANA Judges Familiarization & Room 155
ANA Exhibit Committee Meeting Room 153 Certification Program
Coin Collecting 101 Table 731 1:30 p.m.
Newsletter editors workshop (hosted Room 155 ANA Exhibit Awards Presentation Room 152
by the Albuquerque Coin Club) & Reception
MT: “Queen Anne’s Treasure: The Story Room 154 3 p.m.
of the Frigate HMS Feversham CNG Auction lot pickup closes
at Scatarie Island in 1711” 3:30 p.m.
(Joseph Fiorentino) ANA member & public registration closes
3 p.m. Admission to bourse & exhibits closes
MT: “The Short Snorter of Major General Room 154 (one-way traffic begins)
Clayton Lawrence Bissell, U.S. Army 4 p.m.
Air Service” (Thomas J. Sparks) Bourse & exhibits must be vacated
5:30 p.m. Security room opens Room 159
ANA member & public registration closes
Admission to bourse & exhibits closes Sunday, March 5
6 p.m. 10 a.m.
Bourse & exhibits must be vacated Security room closes Room 159

ANA News
SAVE THE DATE

ELECTION NEWS
Board Candidates Meet the Candidates

Get acquainted with Board of Governors
Prepare for Race hopefuls during a live online event.
Nomination period closes March 1.
As of February 1, the individuals listed alphabeti-
cally below are nominees for the ANA’s 2023 elec-
i ANA members can learn more about Board of Governors (BOG)
candidates during the Candidate Forum, to be held April 12 from
5 p.m. to 7 p.m. MST. As in 2021, this year’s forum will take place on
tion. To be an official candidate, a member must Zoom, affording more members the opportunity to attend.
receive at least 25 nominations from individual The Numismatist’s Editor-in-Chief Caleb Noel will serve as moder-
members and/or member clubs in good standing. ator of the event, during which BOG hopefuls will answer questions
Only official nomination forms are accepted relevant to the ANA and have the opportunity to express their
and must be received no later than March 1, views on a number of topics. To register for the event, visit
2023. Individuals must accept or decline their bit.ly/ana-forum-2023.
nominations no later than March 31. To down-
load forms, election-related bylaws, and view
the most up-to-date list of candidates, visit SUN D M A N L E C T UR E SE R I E S
money.org/election.
FOR PRESIDENT
Thomas J. Uram Eighty Four, PA (LM 4554)
Building a Nation
Submit your talk about how numismatic items
FOR VICE PRESIDENT create, record, or modify a country’s identity.
Mark Lighterman Sanford, FL (LM 3521)*
FOR GOVERNOR
Mary Lynn Garrett Lexington, KY (LM 6959)*
David Heinrich Cleves, OH (LM 6540)*
i The ancient Greeks used their money to announce the creation
of new states, a phenomenon that continues to this day when
Richard Jozefiak Gainesville, GA (LM 6087)*
new nations are formed. This year’s Sundman Lecture Series
Lori H. Kraft Alpharetta, GA (ANA 1183989)* submissions should be based on how coinage, paper currency,
Jeff Rosinia Lansing, IL (ANA 3157273)* medals, and tokens have been used to create, record, and/or
Kenny Sammut Chadds Ford, PA (LM 6808) modify national identity. Presenters should focus on how numis-
Shanna Schmidt Oak Park, IL (ANA 3130326)* matic objects record the ideals, events, and art of a nation, as
Philip Vitale Albuquerque, NM (LM 6087)* well as illustrate its evolution.
If you wish to be a speaker at the symposium, please submit a
*The candidate has received the required 25 nominations. summarry of your lecture, not to exceed 500
Note: At the time of publication, Richard Jozefiak and Philip word ds, by June 2, 2023. Each summary
Vitale have accepted their candidacy for governor. shoould contain an introduction, a brief
PHOTO: U.S. MINT

diiscussion of the subject, sources, and
Sign up to receive your ballot electronically. the research method used. Electronic
th
Electronic ballots are an environmentally friendly option su
ubmissions are preferred and should
that also reduces printing and mailing costs. To request be emailed to [email protected], or
an electronic ballot, complete the following steps by you can mail your proposal to the ANA
yo
March 31: c o Doug Mudd at 818 N. Cascade Ave.,
c/o
• Visit money.org and have your ANA member Colo
C orado Springs, CO 80903.
login information at hand. Not Actual Size A panel will review the summaries and
• On the yellow menu bar, select “My select speakers based on originality, per-
Account.” Login, then select “My Profile.” suasiveness, and relevance to the symposium topic. The four
• Click on “Update My Collecting Profile.” selected speakers will be notified by June 16 and must provide
• Scroll down to “ANA Benefits” and check an electronic copy of their presentation prior to the symposium.
the last box labeled “Electronic Ballot.” Presenters will receive a $250 honorarium and can attend the
• Finish by clicking the purple “Update Sundman Lecture Luncheon free of charge. The symposium will
Profile” button. take place on Wednesday, August 9, 2023, and is free and open
For assistance, email [email protected] or call to all attendees of the ANA World’s Fair of Money®. The pro-
the ANA Membership Department at 800-514-2646. ceedings also will be published on the ANA website (money.org).

AMERICAN NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION & NUMISMATIC CRIME INFORMATION CENTER
COIN SHOW
SAFETY TIPS
Dealers who participate in coin shows are potential targets of numismatic predators.
The following tactics and practices provide dealers and their employees with a basic safety
plan that will help reduce the chances of becoming a numismatic crime victim.
SECURITY TACTICS FOR DEALERS ATTENDING COIN SHOWS

1) Inventory coins and leave setup is complete. This will If you’re making several trips
D FRS\ RQ \RXU KRPH RU RIĆFH eliminate distractions and to your vehicle, have someone
computer. (Downloading allow you to maintain control watch your table, and leave the
WR D ćDVK GULYH SURYLGHV of your inventory. most valuable load for last.
an additional level
of documentation.) 6) Once setup is complete, 11) 5HPHPEHU WKDW QR VSHFLĆF
take photos with your phone to FULPLQDO SURĆOH H[LVWV IRU D
2) Upon arrival, locate the document your presence at the numismatic thief.
unloading area and make sure show (for insurance and law-
adequate security is in place enforcement purposes). 12) Be suspicious of
while unloading. Before exiting anyone asking unsolicited
your vehicle, look around for 7) Cases should be locked at questions about your travel
any suspicious persons, vehicles, all times, including those on a or collection and inventory.
or activity. backup table.
13) Remember that thieves
3) When you arrive at your 8) Know how to contact security often work in pairs, with one
table, secure inventory behind during the show. distracting you while the other
the table before you arrange steals your inventory.
cases, lamps, and chairs. 9) If you need to leave your table,
DO NOT LEAVE ANYTHING lock all cases and alert dealers 14) Notify security about any
IN THE AISLE. next to or behind you that you suspicious persons or behavior.
will return shortly. Take pictures to document the
4) Identify who is on each side of person’s appearance or activities,
you and behind you. 10) At the end of the show, limit if needed.
distractions while packing up.
5) Do not let other dealers or Make sure there is adequate 15) Be aware of your surroundings
early birds look at coins until security outside when loading. at all times.
To read the full list of tips for securing your collection at conventions, visit
B I T. LY/ C O I N - S H O W -T I P S
ANA News
P ERFECT PARTN E R S H IP
Growing Libraries
N A T I ON A L C OI N W E E K
Save the Date!

Annual NCW celebrates America’s
The ANA collaborates with a Florida college to heritage and shared principles.
provide students access to numismatic literature.
The 2023 National Coin Week will be held next
The ANA’s Dwight N. month, April 16-22, and activities will focus
PHOTOS: GETTY IMAGES/ANNETKA (BOOKS), ANA ARCHIVES (COIN) & SHAYLA BRADFORD
i Manley Numismatic on the theme “Our Money, Our Heritage, Our
America.” ANA clubs are encouraged to request
Library has partnered with
Indian River State College promotional materials and participate in the
(IRSC) in Fort Pierce, Club Trivia Challenge. Members can test their
Florida, to create a numis- knowledge and answer daily trivia questions
matic section in the school’s for the chance to win 2023 U.S. Mint proof
library. A donation of numis- sets, ANA memberships, and more. For more
matic books from the Trea- information and additional activities, includ-
sure Coast Coin Club, Inc. ing eLearning presentations and an activity for
inspired this collaboration, young numismatists, visit NationalCoinWeek.org.
which will provide a model
for how colleges and univer-
sities can access materials
from the ANA Library. ANA
Library Manager Akio Lis
will work with IRSC Dean
of Learning Resources Mia
Tignor and her staff to pro-
vide additional standard ref-
erences from ANA donations
and interlibrary loans. “This
partnership will help spread
numismatic knowledge and
provide research materials
to the next generation of
scholars,” says Lis. More in-
formation will become avail-
able at money.org/library as
the project develops.
SCHOLARSHIPS seminar free of charge. This generous offer covers air-

fare, tuition for one of the two weeklong sessions (June
Study Up! 17-22 or June 24-29), meals, and five nights of dormitory
accommodations on the Colorado College campus.
The PNG is offering a scholarship for To apply, provide your personal information (include
the ANA’s 2023 Summer Seminar. your name, age, phone number, email, and home ad-
dress) and write an essay explaining why you should be
Each year, the ANA holds its Summer Seminar, the hob- awarded a scholarship. Email your application materials
by’s premier educational event, at its headquarters in to info@png dealers.org, or send them by mail to Tina
Colorado Springs, Colorado. Thanks to an annual scholar- Bellanca, PNG Executive Assistant, 28441 Rancho Califor-
ship from the Professional Numismatists Guild (PNG), nia Rd., Suite 106, Temecula, CA 92590, by March 13. For
one young numismatist age 13-22 can attend this year’s more information, contact the PNG at (951) 587-8300.

ANA EVENTS & RESOURCES
Program Popular Commemoratives
MONTH
OF THE
From 1892 to 1954, the U.S. Mint produced
ILLUSTR ATIONS: GETTY IMAGE S /D E NIS K RIV OY & AMBAS S AD OR80 6; S H AY LA MARI N BRAD F ORD
its classic series of silver commemorative

half dollars to honor significant people,
places, and events. The ANA's Classic
Commemorative Coins online resource
provides historical context, images, and
information about each piece. Visit money
.org/commemorative-coins to learn more.
CALENDAR OF EVENTS? IT’S

W O R L D S F A I R O F M O N E Y. C O M
PITTSBURGH
A M E R I C A N N U M I S M AT I C A S S O C I AT I O N
LOOKING
FOR THE ONLINE!
VISIT BIT.LY/ANA-EVENTS-CALENDAR to learn about shows in your area.
Want to submit an event? GO TO MONEY.ORG/SUBMIT-AN-EVENT.

WORLD’S FAIR OF
MONEY ® CONSIDER A PREMIUM LISTING
Highlight Your Event & Get Featured First
Contact Nathan McAllister at nmcallister
For more information, email Logan
Curtis at [email protected].
2023 AUGUST 8-12 @money.org or at 719-482-9867 AMERICAN NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION

ANA News
H OB B Y F UN
S U MME R S E MIN AR
Time to Grade YN Outreach

The next generation of collectors
The deadline for the ANA’s advanced explored the bourse at the FUN show.
grading scholarship is fast approaching.
Established in 2019 to honor Charles “Charlie” O. Browne, a i More than 300 children participated in the ANA’s
Treasure Trivia scavenger hunt at the Florida
longtime Summer Seminar instructor, the Charles O. Browne United Numismatists (FUN) show in Orlando held Jan-
Advanced Grading Scholarship is available to ANA members uary 5-8. Children (ages 17 and under) who visited the
between the ages of 15 and 25. Applicants must be attending Coins & Kids table at the convention were given a sheet
the “Advanced United States Coin of paper with a list of participating dealers, along with
Grading & Problem Coins” class their corresponding table numbers and questions. Par-
during the second session of Summer ticipants were then instructed to visit each one on the
PHOTO: ANA ARCHIVES
Seminar (to be held June 24-29). This list and ask the multiple-choice question for that stop.
merit-based scholarship will cover Those with correct answers earned numismatic prizes
airfare, lodging, and course tuition. for their efforts. ANA Numismatic Educator Sam Gel-
The application deadline is March 15. berd says he enjoys meeting new attendees every year,
To apply, visit money.org and select but he especially loves seeing “repeat visitors and get-
“Summer Seminar” from the “Events ting to speak with kiddos about their collections, life in
& Webinars” dropdown menu. general, and helping them learn more about the various
YN programs offered by both the ANA and FUN.”
THAN K YO U Heath Society Members AMERICAN NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION

DIAMOND ($5,000) William Dinker*
Anonymous*
Jeffery Bray*
Dr. Lawrence S. Brown Jr.*
Harry Eck*
Steve Eckhouse*
Mike Ellis*
The
Dr. George F.
William A. Burd*
Jory Enzler*
David Calhoun*
David F. Fanning*
Brian E. Fanton*
Roderick T. Frechette II*
James & Gayle Halperin*
SOCIETY
Daniel M. Freeman*
Roy Iwata*
Mark Freitas*
David B. Rickard*
Michael Fuljenz* Steve Roach*
Robert Rodriguez*
Mary Lynn & Jeff Garrett* Dr. Ralph W. &
Anthony Terranova* Phyllis Ross*
John W. Wilson* Tommy Gustason*
Scott T. Rottinghaus* is a donor recognition guild devoted to
Nancy J. Wilson* Thomas G. Hallenbeck*
Dan & Connie Hamelberg* P. Scott Rubin* supporting the mission of the ANA and its
Mathias Winter*
Cole Hendrickson* James Salles* programming needs, while expanding,
GOLD ($2,500) Richard C. & Fran Jewell* Kenny & Ken Sammut* educating, and inspiring the
Mark Bauer* Eric & Jennifer Kibbey* Jason Silverman*
Prue Morgan Fitts*
collecting community.
Kim Kiick* Sandy Harland Singleton*
Arthur M. Fitts III* Alexander Krapf* A. Ronald Sirna Jr.*
John F. McMullan* Mark Lighterman* Grace Solomon*
Shanna Schmidt* Scott Loos* Adam L. Spikes*
Thomas Uram* Warner Talso Become a MEMBER of the Heath Society!
Greg Lyon*
SILVER ($1,000) Gregory Mack* Anson B. Thacher* Help your hobby and the ANA remain vibrant
Scott Anderson* Patrick McBride* Charles Vaganis* for future generations of collectors!
Leonard Augsburger* Dr. David Menchell* Carl Van Demark*
Bob Bair* Clifford Mishler* Philip Vitale*
Michael S. Beall* Charles Morgan* Daniel Whyman* LEARN MORE AT
Harvey S. Bodker* Jim Neely* Mark Wieclaw*
Thomas Wooldridge*
MONEY.ORG/HEATH-SOCIETY
Joseph & Louise Boling* Doug Noblet* or contact Director of Development & Membership
John Brush* Robert Oberth* Daniel S. Young* Donna Frater at [email protected], or call 719-482-9856.
Thomas F. DiBianca* Jim Ray* *CHARTER MEMBER

A W A RDS
Volunteers for Years

ANA President Dr. Ralph Ross honors two extraordinary
members for their hard work and dedication to the hobby.
i Atmismatic
the Michigan State Nu-
Society’s (MSNS)
convention in November 2022,
ANA President Dr. Ralph Ross
recognized Kathy Freeland with
an ANA Presidential Award.
This accolade celebrates mem-
bers who demonstrate hard
work, dedication, and continued
support of the hobby’s growth.
A history buff, Freeland is the
coauthor of American Red Cross
in World War II, and she enjoys
sharing the intrigue of numis-
matics through immersive pre-
sentations and award-winning ▲ Andy Dickes (right) presented Milt
exhibits. A member of the Flint Newell with a Presidential Award at a
Flying Eagle Coin Club, Marys- Colorado Springs Coin Club meeting on
ville Coin Club, and the Huron President Ross’s behalf.
Valley Society, Freeland’s first
foray into collecting occurred nity, serving as president of the
at a 1994 ANA convention in Michigan Token and Medal Soci-
Detroit, where she helped her ety, vice president of the MSNS,
late husband, Dan, assemble his and former publicity chair of
multiple exhibits for the show. the now-defunct Women in Nu-
She continued to travel to shows mismatics. “Kathy’s service and
with Dan, and they both became enthusiastic engagement in our
hobby influencers. A teacher and hobby is admirable,” says Ross.
media specialist, Freeland is a “She is someone you can count
leader in the numismatic commu- on to get things done, and she
loves the work she does.”
Ross also recognized Milt
Newell with a Presidential
Award at the end of last year;
P H OTOS : P H YL LI S RO SS ( FRE E LA N D ) & H O LLY S T AN TON
ANA Museum Specialist Andy

Dickes presented Newell’s plaque
on Ross’s behalf at a Colorado
Springs Coin Club gathering in
December. A longtime docent of
the ANA’s Edward C. Rochette
Money Museum, Newell has been
a pillar of the Colorado Springs
numismatic community for de-
cades. A devoted collector, he
specializes in ancients and gold
pieces. Newell also volunteered
at the Colorado Springs Fine
Arts Center, located next door
to ANA headquarters, for many
▲ President Ross recognized Kathy Freeland with years. This U.S. Army veteran
her award after she gave a talk on women’s has a passion for giving back to
suffrage at the MSNS convention. others in all areas of his life.

Thanks for Your Support! Ira & Larry Goldberg
Peter Jones
William Landani
The ANA recognizes the following donors for their contributions. To learn how your gifts Rick Lank
of cash and material advance the Association’s mission, email [email protected] or David Menchell*
phone toll-free 800-367-9723, ext. 156. Stack’s Bowers Galleries
Matching Gifts
DONATIONS January 2023 You can multiply your
charitable donations to
Cash ($25,000+) Kurt Rasmussen Hans Liu Paradime Coins/ the ANA if your employer
James & Gayle Jackie D. Willis Robert Lyster Paradimecoins.com offers a matching gift
Halperin* Edward Mora Kent Ponterio program. Check with
Cash ($250+) Jack Noble Thomas L. Ritchey your Human Resources
Cash ($10,000+) Leldon Brown Ralph W. Ross* 12 Mary K. Rogers department today.
James & Gayle Daniel M. Freeman* Jeff Ryer Marc Rosner 17
Halperin* 1 Jeff Garrett* Rose Ann Schwary 13 Robert Sattler Jr. Footnotes
Brett Irick Ralph Silverman Tony Wagner * Heath Society charter
Cash ($5,000+) Harvey B. Jacobson Jr. Michael Steinmetz Elizabeth Wendling member (See p. 68
The Susan Isabel Judith & Myron Kaller Treasure Coins Thomas R. Wesling for more details.)
Foundation Gregory Mack* 1-3, 8, 12, 13
In memory
William Mashke Cash ($50+) Cash ($25+) of David Lisot
Cash ($2,500+) Franklin Noel Roger S. Adamek Randall Abbey 4
In memory of
Gary Barngrover James Ray* Richard Bourn Jr. Paul Booras Chester L. Krause
Scott Schechter 8 Bill Caldwell Ginny Bourke 5
In memory of
Cash ($1,000+) Jason Silverman* Susan Cremering 14 Euclide Desrochers A.C. Corkle
Scott Anderson* Ronald Thompson Paul Dahlke John Gunzner 6
In memory of
Michael S. Beall* Thrivent 9 Dallas Coin Club James Huffman Richard Steine
Jeffrey Bray* Carl Van Demark* Matt Davidson Phillip A. Iversen 7
In memory of
Lawrence Brown* Gary & Judy Dobbins Michael Kittle Charles O. Browne
Central States Cash ($100+) William Ebert Las Vegas 9
Matching a gift from
Numismatic Society 2 Anonymous Steve Eckhouse* Numismatic Society James Ray
Tom Hallenbeck* Gerald K. Archibald Mike Ellis* Dick Mansour 10
In memory of
International Bank Stephen Bernard Joseph Felder Wojciech Medrzycki Mark Hays
Note Society 3 Jerry Bobbe Irving M. Ford Levin Messick 11
In memory of
Greg Lyon* Robert F. Chaison Mark Freitas* Al Raddi John P. Gallagher
Clifford Mishler* Bill Coburn Joseph Frisard Eric Sizemore 14
In honor of
Clifford Mishler* 4 Raymond W. Charlie Gardner Robert Slater Marilyn Fivaz
James Salles* Cummings Jr. Tommy Gustason* Manol Tchobanov 15
In honor of
Sandy Harland Joseph Davis Kenneth Hallenbeck James Toon Douglas McIndoe
Singleton* 5 Jory Enzler* Warren Hecht 15 Tri-City Coins 16
Matching a gift from
David Steine 6 Robert J. Giardina Roy Hoagland Angela Wright 18 Nick Jaczko
Warner W. Talso Carmen P. Grimaldi Nick Jaczko 17
In memory of
Charles Vaganis* 7 Mark Harper Kim Kiick* In Kind/Material Dr. Bennett Rosner
Daniel Whyman* Jack Hays 10 Richard Kurtz Classical 18
In honor of the beauty
Gary F. Knell 11 LiveRamp 16 Numismatic Group of money, its history,
Cash ($500+) William Knight James Long Dutch Country Auctions— and its journey ■
Joseph A. Bostick Robert Kraska Scott Loos* The Stamp Center
Douglas Lang William Lado Patrick McBride* Arthur Friedberg

MEMBERSHIP
Obituaries pany for 14 years before he BRYCE F. DOXZON

became the director of numis- LM 1095406 Membership
DAVID W. LANGE matic research for Numismatic Bryce F. Doxzon, 62, died on Summary
LM 4358 Guaranty Company (NGC) in January 1, 2023. He was born
as of January 22, 2023
David W. Lange, 64, died on Sarasota, Florida, in 1994. He on March 16, 1960, in Catson-
January 16, 2023. He was born mainly worked in the area of ville, Maryland. Platinum 10,746
on August 29, 1958, in San coin authentication and variety With over 40 years of col-
Francisco, California. attribution and was employed lecting experience, Doxzon was Gold 8,829
with NGC for 28 years. He was an incredibly active numisma- Silver 415
also a prolific author, having tist who greatly contributed Life 5,560
written many books and ar- to the advancement of the
Emeritus 738
ticles on topics ranging from hobby. He specialized in col-
proof coin sets and Buffalo lecting medals, particularly U.S. Club 386
nickels to the history of the Presidential and inauguration
U.S. Mint. Lange was known medals. Doxzon exhibited Total 26,674
for his thorough research and often and was known for his
advanced knowledge in almost informative, award-winning (CCC)’s ANA club representa-
every field of numismatics. exhibits, as well as his passion tive; as a longtime ANA exhibit
A member of the ANA since for sharing his knowledge judge; and as the exhibits
1978, Lange was passionate with others. He often helped chairman for two ANA World’s
about numismatic education. advertise coin shows in the Fair of Money® conventions
He attended his first ANA Baltimore area and could (2003 and 2008). Doxzon
LANGE Summer Seminar in 1983 and usually be found performing received the Glenn Smedley
then served as an instructor at an essential function at each Memorial Award in 2016 for his
Lange began collecting in the annual event from 1995 event he attended. He was service to the ANA.
1964 when his older brother onward. Lange wrote a especially involved in the He was also a member of
gave him his incomplete Lin- monthly column on a range of Whitman Baltimore Spring the Maryland State Numismatic
coln cent and Buffalo nickel topics for The Numismatist from Association (MSNA), Maryland
sets. Once his interest was February 1988 until August Token and Medal Society (MD
piqued, Lange bought as 2022. He received many numis- TAMS), Baltimore Area Numis-
many coins and numismatic matic accolades, including the matic Coalition, Baltimore Coin
references as he could, and ANA’s Lifetime Achievement Club (BCC), Token and Medal
P HOTOS: R OBER T B. KELLEY
his father drove him to coin Award in 2009 and the Society, and Medal Collectors
shops so he could hunt down Numismatist of the Year honor of America. He served as secre-
new specimens for his budding in 2017. Additionally, he tary of the MSNA for 28 years;
collection. His first numismatic received a Clemy (the president and vice president of
purchase was a 1914 Lincoln Numismatic Literary Guild’s the MD TAMS, BCC, and CCC;
cent in Good condition, which most prestigious award) in and treasurer of the BCC
he bought at his local F.W. 2018 and was named one of and CCC.
Woolworth’s coin-and-stamp the 60 most influential people Outside of his hobby
counter. He acquired more Lin- in numismatics since 1960 by involvement, Doxzon worked
coln cents from pocket change Coin World in 2021. DOXZON for the U.S. Army Medical Re-
with the help of his neighbor, Lange was a member of search Institute of Chemical
who had a job emptying park- many numismatic organiza- Expo, where he solicited Defense at Aberdeen Proving
ing meters. Lange’s passion for tions, including the Rittenhouse exhibits, managed the exhibit Grounds from June 1985 to
collecting prevailed through- Society and the Numismatic area, served as the chief judge, December 2016. He was also
out his college years and into Literary Guild. He also served and presented awards. a very involved parishioner
adulthood, with his primary as president of the Pacific As a member of a number of the Catsonville United
interests being U.S. and Numismatic Society, the of numismatic organizations, Methodist Church and a
British coinage, coin boards California State Numismatic Doxzon was constantly pro- 22-year founding member of
and albums, and other numis- Association, and the New moting the hobby. He held key the church’s contemporary
matic ephemera. Jersey Numismatic Society. positions in every organization praise-and-worship band.
After graduating from San Lange is survived by his he belonged to. Doxon served Doxzon is survived by his
Mateo College, Lange worked fiancée, Carla Ayres; his brother, on the ANA’s Exhibits and brothers, Kent and Glenn; his
as a senior design drafter for Douglas, and sister-in-law, Awards Committees (2013-15); sister, Claire Simpson; his niece,
Pacific Gas and Electric Com- Susan; and his cousin, Karen. as the Catonsville Coin Club Emily; and his nephew, Sam.

DOUGLAS BIRD until 1982. education and also taught
LM 2763 Bird began collecting in classes on grading and coun-
Douglas Bird, 78, died on 1953, and 20 years later, he terfeit detection for the EAC.
January 5, 2023. He was born joined the Early American In 2015 he was awarded an
on June 25, 1944, in Boston, Coppers (EAC). He worked as honorary “Doctor of Numis-
P H OT O: MARK BORCK ARD T

Massachusetts. a coin dealer on the side until matics” degree from the ANA,
After graduating from he left his position in human and he received an ANA Pres-
Loyola University with a resources to sell early cop- idential Award in 2020.
bachelor’s degree in business pers and type coins full time. Bird is survived by his son,
administration in 1966, Bird Bird joined the ANA in Doug Jr., and daughter-in-
served in the United States 1981 and served as a Summer law, Melissa; and two grand-
Army in Vietnam in 1967-68. Seminar instructor from 2001 daughters. (Doug and Melissa
After his service, he worked onward, where he cotaught would love to hear any stories
as a human resources director BIRD a course with Steve Carr that you would like to share.
about early copper coins. Bird You can email them at
remained passionate about [email protected].) ■
Me
e mori a ls SPONSORS
The following sponsored new members between
December 21, 2022, and January 22, 2023.
ANA
NA 10
NA 11049034
0 34 JJohn
o Belser, Van Buren Township, MI (joined 4-63)
ANA Club 2022 Membership (132) Bob Missel (1)
ANA
NA 1206236 GGregory Bunting, Columbus, OH (2-03) ANA We Want You Back Campaign (1) Money.org (140)
NA 1095925
ANA RRoger Cazin, Layton, UT (1-78) ANA YN Free Gold Membership 2022 (8) The Numismatist (3)
ANA 1189687 Robert Clarke, Riva, MD (3-00) ANA YN Free Gold Membership 2023 (3) Kitty C. Quan (3)
ANA YN New Membership Kit 2022 (39) Fabrizio Raponi (1)
ANA 1128584 Ronald Denman, Kingston, PA (11-85)
ANA YN New Membership Kit 2023 (21) Steven R. Roach (4)
ANA 1164905 Ed Dunbar, Iowa City, IA (8-94) ANA YN Promo Holidays YN Kit 2022 (10) Biff Rocha (1)
ANA 3120337 J.D. Farmer, Snellville, GA (1-05) Arizona Territorial Coin Club (1) Ralph W. Ross (14)
ANA 3175427 Paul Lambert, Columbus, OH (5-14) Jack Biederman (1) John M. Rusinko (1)
Keith Candiotti (1) Kenny T. Sammut (1)
ANA 1046147 Joseph Leichter, Snellville, GA (1-62)
Dale R. Carlson (1) Dennis R. Schafluetzel (2)
ANA 1116508 James Muckenthaler, Emporia, KS (2-82) David Carr (1) Irving D. Schoenacker (1)
ANA 1169334 George Patt, Lakeland, FL (12-95) Coin Week Annual (1) Scout Clinic (1)
ANA 3188479 Albert Pickett, Littleton, CO (2-17) Cupertino Coin Club (1) Jeffrey G. Swindling (2)
Leo E. Deland (1) Philip Vitale (2)
ANA 3183595 Ronald Pope, Cuyahoga Falls, OH (12-15)
Tom A. Glassbrenner (2) Whitman Publishing, LLC (11)
ANA 3190907 Anthony Schraut, Lawrence, KS (7-17) Richard Jozefiak (1) John W. Wilson (16)
ANA 1215347 Charles Vickers Jr., Peoria, AZ (5-04) Ronald I. MacFarlane (22) Nancy J. Wilson (16)
BORROWING FROM THE

ANA LIBRARY
IS SIMPLE!
1. Place an order online, by phone, or email.
2. Enjoy your books for 6-12 weeks.
3. Mail them back. T H AT ’S A L L !
Start an account online at MONEY.ORG (719)482-9821 L I B R A R Y @ M O N E Y. O R G

RARE U.S. CURRENCY
FOR SALE
6LOYHU&HUWL¿FDWHV
*ROG&HUWL¿FDWHV O C TO B E R Music City
1DWLRQDO%DQN1RWHV
)HGHUDO5HVHUYH1RWHV
&RQIHGHUDWH
2EVROHWH1RWHV
25 -29
TH TH
Center
2023 NASHVILLE. TN.
/HJDO7HQGHU 6WDU1RWHV
&RORQLDO )UDFWLRQDO
(UURUV 0LVFHOODQHRXV
UNITEDSTATESPAPERMONEY.COM
STEVE ZELLER LM#6939
P.O. %R[ 15084 RHDGLQJ3$

Money Museum Andy Dickes LM 7128
MEANINGFUL MEDALS
Contemporary medallic sculpture honors subjects not seen on currency.
T he 100th annual National Coin

Week will be held April 16-
22, and this year’s theme is
“Our Money, Our Heritage,
Our America.” The event focuses
THE REVERSE
CAPT
a in
an
o S
of
R of Blume’s 2002 medal,
APTIVE, is mostly blank but includes
nscription featuring the poetry
Sheenagh Pugh: “The sun will
som
metimes melt a field of sorrow that
on how numismatic objects tell
the story of our country and help seemed hard frozen; may it happen
see
form our national identity. Some for you.” The obverse, shown here,
for
pieces on display at the Edward dep
picts Lori Berenson’s imprisonment.
C. Rochette Money Museum’s Not Actual Size
Medal in America exhibit, includ-

ing the five examples discussed
here, similarly convey how mod-
ern medallic artists commemo-
rate and tell stories about sub-
jects that have made an impact
on their lives. WHITE’S UNIFACE medal honors
P H O TOS : ROBER T B. KELLEY ( MEDALS) & GETTY IMAGES/AMGUY

1) Al Hirschfeld, 2004, bonded Herman Cornejo with a portrait
bronze. The 2008 ANA Numis- of the dancer, facing right,
matic Art Award for Excellence looking toward an inscription
in Medallic Sculpture (NAAEMS) of his surname. Not Actual Size
recipient and longtime U.S.
Mint sculptor Jim Licaretz hon-
ored Al Hirschfeld, famous for his
stylized celebrity po
ortraits, of a med dal with a por- ate medals that give voice to
on a medal he creat ated t t on
trait o both obverse human rights.”
the year following thhe a rreverse.”
and 3) Cornejo, 2021, bronze.
artist’s death. 2) Captive, Prolific medalist Douglas White
“[It was] an 20 002, lost wax is a member of the International
exercise to see b ronze. Promi- Art Federation (FIDEM) and the
if Hirschfeld’s neent mixed-media American Medallic Sculpture As-
graphic work arrtist and educa- sociation. In a recent rectangu-
would translate t r Heather Blume
to lar piece, he celebrates Herman
into a relief,” sayys p id tribute to an
pai Cornejo, a principal dancer at the
Licaretz. “I cho ose Ameerican political American Ballet Theatre.
one of his self-portraits prisonerr on a poetic piece
p White says, “I saw Herman
because I liked th h idea
he she madee more than two Cornejo perform in Tchaikovsky’s
decadees ago. Sleeping Beauty and Prokofiev’s
▶ LICARETZ’S 2004 medal com- “Captive
“ was in- Romeo and Juliet, and I wanted to
memorating caricaturist Al spiired by the incar- celebrate the excellence, exuber-
Hirschfeld features a stylized ren- ceeration of Lori ance, dignity, and humanity that
dering of the artist on the obverse Berenson in Peru he brings to the world of dance.”
and a more realistic depiction n 1996, where she
in 4) U.S. Delegation to FIDEM
on the reverse. His name and seerved 20 years in Helsinki—1990, bonded bronze.
the dates of his birth and death prrison,” says Blume The artistry of 1991 NAAEMS
(1903-2003) are inscribed on the abo out her minimal- recipient Eugene Daub appears
obverse. The reverse legend reads istt medal.
m “I think often in The Medal in America ex-
THE LINE KING. Not Acttual Size it is immportant to cre- hibit. In 1990 the sculptor crafted

◀◀ Money Museum c on t i n u e d ■
a piece as part of the U.S. delegation
to FIDEM for display at its conven-
tion that year, held in Finland.
“The inspiration for this medal is
Chief Crazy Horse. It was one of three I
made after reading about the legendary
P HOTOS: R OBE RT B. K E LLE Y ( ME D ALS ) & GE T T Y IMAGE S /AMGU Y

Oglala chieftain,” says Daub. “This
one represents his time in captivity be-
fore he was murdered. The surrounding
rock is a symbol for being a captive.”
5) Le Colombophile, 1994, bronze.
On a 1994 bronze specimen, 2007
NAAEMS recipient Jeanne Stevens-
Sollman honors an important per-
son in her life. She says, “[I] created
[it] for my father’s 75th birthday.
He, like his father and grandfather,
was an avid pigeon racer flying his
birds at distances of up to 1,000
miles. He continued this sport well
into his eighties.”
DAUB’S PIECE FOR FIDEM (left) features an outline
tline of Chief Craz
Crazy Horse’s face This year’s National Coin Week
encased in stone on the obverse, while the reverse lists details of the organization’s celebrates the story of our country.
1990 convention. The obverse of Stevens-Sollman’s medal (right) features her father’s For more information, visit national
portrait. The reverse depicts his hands holding a pigeon, with the inscription LA coinweek.org.
COLOMBOPHILE below. Not Actual Size [email protected]

Counterfeit Detection Numismatic Guaranty Company
2002 SILVER AMERICAN EAGLE

A counterfeiter hoped that this high-tech fake
of a popular modern coin would fly under the radar.
T he silver American Eagle is the

flagship silver bullion coin of
the United States. Its obverse
features Adolph A. Weinman’s
renowned Walking Liberty design
used on the half dollar from 1917 to
1947. From its inception in 1986 un-
til a design change in mid-2021, the
silver Eagle featured on its reverse
P HOTOS: NUMISMATIC GUAR ANTY COMP ANY

a heraldic eagle motif created by
esteemed sculptor and former U.S.
Mint Chief Engraver John Mercanti.
Recently, Numismatic Guaranty
Company (NGC) received a sub-
mission of a purported 2002 silver
American Eagle. This particular
coin’s problems begin with its size.
It is much thicker than expected
because it was struck on a plan-
chet made mostly of nickel and
copper instead of silver, which has
a much higher density. This was
clever on the counterfeiter’s part,
as the silver Eagle is more likely to
be weighed than subjected to met-
allurgical testing or have its thick-
GENUINE COUNTERFEIT
ness measured.
The coin also has very poor de-
tails that are especially evident The dies for this fake were prob- would a counterfeiter target this
upon close inspection. Look at Lib- ably created using a computer nu- coin? For one, there is still plenty of
erty’s outstretched hand on the ob- merical control (CNC) machine, room for profit, as the fake is struck
verse and the letters in E PLURIBUS which is essentially a computer- in metals that are much less expen-
UNUM on the reverse. controlled lathe. This process left sive than silver. In addition, the
behind some telling marks, such forger might have seen this coin’s
as lines throughout the design that commonality as an asset because
are particularly visible within the some collectors might be tempted to
shafts of the arrows on the reverse. skip third-party certification or only
With 10.5 million struck, 2002 give it a cursory glance.
silver Eagles are easy to acquire, NGC has certified more silver
and genuine Mint State-69 exam- American Eagles than any other
ples sell for well under $100, so why coin—about 14 million, so its ex-
perts are well-versed in their au-
◀ TAKE A CLOSE LOOK at the E thentication and grading. And, of
PLURIBUS UNUM legend on the reverse course, NGC always backs its de-
and Liberty’s arm on the obverse. It’s terminations of authenticity and
clear that this coin lacks the quality grade with the NGC Guarantee.
COUNTERFEIT of an original. Actual Size: 40.6mm [email protected]

In Memory of Our Good Friend
D AV I D W. L A N G E
A Mensa member,
a master numismatist,
a dedicated educator,
and simply a great guy!
From: Members of the

ANA #1004372 New Jersey Numismatic
Society (NJNS)
g ature Piece
When collecting the new Type 2 Silver Eagles,
EHVXUH\RXJHWWKHPFHUWL¿HGE\3&*6ZLWK
DKDQGVLJQHGODEHOE\(PLO\
'DPVWUDWKHDFFODLPHGDUWLVW
ZKRFUHDWHGWKHQHZORRN
Available all year long in a
YDULHW\RIJUDGHVDQG¿QLVKHV
from your favorite retailers.
Kevin Lipton ANA #3119062
Emily Damstra, Master Designer

The YN Perspective CJ Buchanan ANA 3194541
LOOK NO FURTHER
Big or small, museums of all kinds offer coins, medals, and more.
F or most collectors, the best va-

cations, road trips, and day
trips include something to ease
tory. Typically
$30-$50, they
feature diverse
P H OT OS : WI K I M ED I A CO M M ON S ( M U S E UM ) ; H E RI TA GE A U CT I ONS ( TOKEN) ; GETTY IMAGES/CALVINDEXTER ( OR ANGE GR ADIENT) , BGBLUE ( GR EEN BAC K G ROUND ) & P E T RO BE V Z
the collecting itch. A weekend designs, from
coin show, an old coin shop, or a re- animals to buildd-
gional club meeting might do. Un- heir Not
ings to ships. Th N t Ac
Acttual
tual Siz
Size
fortunately, these have limited time WHAT: Hard Times tokens. large size doesn’t hurt either!
windows, and not all are located WHY: Minted in the 1830s, they HOW: Online venues, coin shows,
near vacation destinations. For the offer an affordable way to collect and early copper specialists are the
more dedicated numismatists, a a mix of political and economic his- best way to acquire these.
stroll through a museum devoted
solely to coins might be more fulfill- mosaics, frescoes, and statues, have grander displays. Conventional
ing. The ANA’s Edward C. Rochette coins are ideal examples of ancient collections include gold hammered
Money Museum, open year round, art. Not many paintings exist from coinage from Great Britain, Spanish
offers exciting exhibits on various thousands of years ago, but images cobs, or double eagles (gold $20).
areas of collecting interest; how- struck in metal stand the test of Washington, D.C.; Philadelphia; and
ever, many people are unable to time. Ancient coins offer a look into Boston have exquisite displays on
make the trip. Luckily, many local past peoples’ traditions, cultures, very scarce coins.
art museums and history museums and the evolution of their artistry. Local museums are understand-
have sizable numismatic exhibits Medallic art is also frequently ably more limited. They still com-
despite their lack of advertising. presented in art museums. Medals monly offer an array of items used in
Art museums. While many col- are a larger, more expressive me- that locale, namely tokens and store-
lectors agree that coins have beauti- dium than coins. They are not con- cards, broken bank notes, or colonial
ful designs, some do not make the fined to specific shapes, sizes, met- issues. These small museums are
connection that they would be dis- als, and lettering like most coins located nearly everywhere you could
played in art museums. However, are, plus engravers are not limited possibly wish to go.
their artistic symbolism and excep- to the functionality of coinage in Many niche museums also have
tional imagery offer just as much as circulation and are able to produce numismatic material. Civil War
paintings do. Coins are a perfect ex- extreme high-relief portraits. Addi- museums might have sets of coins
ample of the craft of engraving, tionally, art-museum staff are typi- from 1861 to 1865 or replicas of Con-
which is a distinguished fine art. cally more knowledgeable about federate patterns. A naval history
Most art museums have serious medals than about coins. museum might have coins, gold, or
collections of ancient coins. Usually History museums. While they silver recovered from shipwrecks.
found alongside Greek and Roman do not sell as many tickets as med- I’ve even been to presidential estates
ieval suits of armor or colossal that had exhibits on coins minted
THE TOLEDO MUSEUM OF ART has on display mammoth skeletons, coins are com- during their terms!
a high-quality gold solidus of Valentinian I. monly found in even the smallest of Don’t be discouraged if you are
history museums. Featured as sup- unable to visit the Money Museum,
plements to existing artifacts or as a previous U.S. Mint site, or other
the stars in their own exhibits, the museums devoted to numismatics.
coins in American history muse- Plenty of opportunities exist wher-
ums are typically from the United ever you go to look at some beautiful
States or Europe and struck after coins. Try checking with local his-
the 14th century. torical societies, libraries, or old
Museums in large cities usually banks—if they don’t have what
you’re looking for, they will have
CONNECT WITH ME! | @bignubnumismatics information on the places that do.
[email protected]

Accepting Consignments
We are continually accepting new consignments and are happy
to carry out valuations of entire collections or individual coins.
NAC USA is located on 8 S Michigan Ave in downtown Chicago.
To schedule an appointment call (312) 883-8541 or visit
arsclassicausa.com
Shanna Schmidt ANA 5004458

Around the World Ursula Kampmann ANA 3163772
CLOSED FOR BUSINESS

After more than 150 years, Switzerland’s
most important medal manufacturer has shuttered its doors.
A lmost unnoticed, a more than

150-year-long chapter of numis-
matics came to an end in Swit-
idea was straightfor-
ward—it was cheaper
for a watchmaker to
ILLUSTR ATION: GETTY IMAGE S /ALE XE Y MOROZOV

zerland in mid-November 2022 buy a mass-produced
LE LOCLE
when Faude & Huguenin was forced case than to make
to declare bankruptcy. While Faude one himself.
was a family business founded in However, in the
1963 that specialized in the produc- late 1880s, their busi-
tion of inexpensive sports medals, ness was in crisis. At
Huguenin’s history spanned more the time, watchmak-
than a century and a half. In addi- ing had become
tion to creating military orders and industrialized—75
circulating coins for countries all hours of strenuous
over the world, the Huguenin private
mint (which used the mintmark HF
manual work had
been reduced to 20 SWITZERLAND
for Huguenin Frères) produced the hours on an assembly
majority of Swiss medals issued line. And, of course, new manufac- land, including city councils, associ-
since the late 19th century. turers started to produce their ations, and individuals. Huguenin
watch cases in-house. Frères was the place to go. In 1910
Origins in Watchmaking Thus, the Huguenin brothers had the company employed more than
In 1868 the highly talented engraver to figure out what else their highly 300 people!
Fritz Huguenin and his brother Al- specialized employees could create
bert founded a company that spe- with the equipment on hand. So, in Business Ventures
cialized in watch-case production. 1888 Huguenin got into the medal- Also in 1910, the business added an
With their extensive pattern books manufacturing business and was important branch. At the time,
in hand, they sold their wares at highly successful. By the turn of the shooting competitions were of major
many world exhibitions and supplied 20th century, the firm was striking importance in Switzerland, and they
watchmakers in France, Russia, medals for all kinds of occasions and still are to this day. (The Swiss are
Spain, and the United States. Their a variety of customers in Switzer- proud that approximately 150,000
shooters take part in an average fed-
eral field-shooting competition.)
Those who reach a certain score re-
ceive a so-called Kranz (“wreath”)
P H OT O: F AU DE & H U GU E N I N CO M PA NY A RCH I VE S
award medal with a ribbon to hang

around their neck. Huguenin became
the preferred supplier.
In line with this, Huguenin also
had a long-standing collaboration
BROTHERS
with international sports organiza-
Fritz and Albert
Huguenin pose tions such as the International
with their large Olympic Committee (IOC), the
balancier, which Union of European Football Associ-
was used to ations (UEFA), the Fédération In-
produce both ternationale De Football Associa-
watch cases tion (better known as FIFA), and the
and medals. International Ski Federation (FIS).
Moreover, the firm also created

◀◀ Around the World c on t i n u ed ■ NEWSFeed
competitors abroad and struggled to » Germany to Debut
customers.
retain cu New Coins in 2023
In 19999 Huguenin merged with Paul Germany will release 15 new collector
Kram mer’s medal mint, only to be ac- coins this year. Regarding 2-euro pieces
quiired by the Aargau-based Faude intended for circulation, the Federal
S.A. in 2002. Founded in 1963, States II series debuts with a coin
thhis family-owned company devel- dedicated to the city of Hamburg.
opped the so-called “relief-etch- Another issue commemorates the 1,275th
ingg” process, which enabled the anniversary of Charlemagne’s birth. Four
creeation of simple products at at- 5-euro coins will continue the Wonderful
tracttive prices using chemical mill- World of Insects series. A 10-euro
g Neevertheless, Faude also had to
ing. polymer-ring issue of the In the Service
HUGUENIN produced the official of Society series honors firefighters.
close its Swiss manufacturing facility in
bronze (shown), silver, and gold Collectors can look forward to 20-euro
2006. Ever since, medals, plaquettes,
medals for the second Winter
and pins have been produced in Jaipur, coins on the following subjects: the
Olympics in St. Moritz.
Not Actual Size
northern India. But then COVID-19 hit, “Hans in Luck” fairy tale; Bertold Brecht’s
and all major sporting events in Switzer- 125th birthday; the 400th anniversary of
land—along with the corresponding Wilhelm Schickard’s adding machine;
military orders and decorations. In 1913 medal orders—were canceled. Victor von Bülow’s 100th birthday; and
Georges Huguenin successfully obtained the traditional Schwibbogen, a candle-
the largest single commission in the Fraud & the End holder from the Ore Mountains. Two
company’s history: producing military Faude & Huguenin’s second business, new gold series will also make their
decorations for Serbia worth 1.4 million the Le Locle-based production of debut. Masterpieces of German Litera-
gold francs. The country remained a high-quality medals, was not able to ture will depict Faust on a 100-euro coin,
good customer for years, as a letter from compensate for this decline. This was and a 50-euro series about German
artisanship will dedicate its first issue to
P HOTOS: SINCONA AUCTION 8 0 ( 2 0 0 5) , NO. 518 2
1924 confirms—Huguenin produced due to a combination of outdated

600,000 decorations for the Serbian war equipment and lack of expertise. The nutrition. Lastly, the 20-euro gold series
veterans who served during World War I company had failed to recruit young Return of the Wild Animals continues
(1914-18). talent in time. with a coin dedicated to the ibex.
After the First World War, Huguenin It became increasingly difficult for
established itself as a supplier of circula- Faude & Huguenin to obtain profitable » British Numismatic Society
Elects New President
tion coins. Poland, Latvia, Romania, commissions. And when it did, the
In 2022 Dr. Kevin Clancy’s term as pres-
Bolivia, and Ecuador are just some of the money did not end up in the company’s
ident of the British Numismatic Society
countries that had their small change coffers. Three members of the manage-
ended, and Dr. Elina Screen became the
produced in Switzerland. ment—the chief executive officer, chief
first woman to hold the position. Screen
financial officer, and an unnamed long-
is a university lecturer in medieval history
The Heyday standing executive, according to the
and general editor of the Medieval Euro-
And then came the 1970s and ’80s, a December 12, 2022, issue of the NZZ
pean Coinage Project. She has published
time when collecting coins became a newspaper—systematically diverted
the Norwegian collections of Anglo-
mass phenomenon. Huguenin too made customer payments. The defendants
Saxon and British coins for the Sylloge of
excellent money by producing medals opened a joint account at the local Raif-
Coins of the British Isles series.
and noncirculating legal tender for col- feisenbank branch in late October 2019.
lectors. They were very innovative at the
time. Huguenin created the first coins
Customers paid into this private account
instead of the company’s account. The
» Transitional Effigy on
Canadian Commemorative Coins
and medals with color application, first payments were then withdrawn in cash The Royal Canadian Mint has opted
by means of enamel, then by pad print- or transferred to other private accounts. for a transitional obverse design for its
ing, a technique that is now used all over It is certain that the fraudsters stole commemorative and bullion coins in
the world. 450,000 Swiss francs (approximately 2023. The facility will continue to fea-
US$487,700), though the company’s ture the portrait of late Queen Eliza-
The Decline owners report a loss of a significantly beth II, now accompanied by the dates
However, in the 1990s, European coin larger sum—1.8 million Swiss francs (ap- of her reign, 1952-2022. Between the
collecting experienced a major slump. proximately US$1.95 million). And so, as dates are four pearls that symbolize
There were no buyers anymore, espe- previously stated, Faude & Huguenin the four effigies of the queen used on
cially for contemporary medals, Hu- had to declare bankruptcy last fall, Canadian coins throughout her
guenin’s most important product. In marking a sad end for a mint that had 70 years as monarch.
addition, private mints in Switzerland such an impact on Swiss numismatics. —Ursula Kampmann
were locked in a price war with cheap [email protected]

CLASSIFIED
RATES are 55 cents per word, with a $14 minimum charge. Pay- gold, silver, and copper, 10th rafalovichcoins.com. We have
to 19th centuries, in XF to Unc. been discerning collectors of
ments must accompany advertisements. Deadline for submit- Please write describing items American coins since 1976. Now
ting classified ads is the 15th day of the month, 8 weeks pre- available and asking price. Jim we want to share our numismatic
ceding the issue in which the ad is to appear. Deduct 10 percent Goudge, Box 31, Canoga Park, CA enjoyment with you by providing
from the total price if the ad is to run three or more times con- 91305; email [email protected]. a large collection of PCGS-certi-
secutively with no changes. J. Goudge, LM 929 fied numismatic investments and
collectibles. Enjoy convenient
Classified ads highlighted by a silver bullet (●) are set to ex- home shopping online.
FREE LIST OF WORLD COINS
pire with this issue. To learn more, contact Nathan McAllister at from many countries. Friendly A. Rafalovich, ANA 3212416
[email protected] or 719-482-9867. personal service. Beginners
welcome. No minimum order.
Gallery Numis, P.O. Box 620421-T, INGOTS
Middleton, WI 53562.
COINS - U.S. items available and asking price.
T. Galway 1074424 silveringots.com. Welcome to
Jim Goudge, Box 31, Canoga Park,
CA 91305; [email protected]. a website completely dedicated
NORTHEAST NUMISMATICS, to silver ingots produced by the
INC. Over 5,000 certified coins J. Goudge, LM 929
available at northeastcoin.com, MEDALS United States government. Pre-
SINCE 1976, UP TO 40 PERCENT senting the United States Govern-
or call us for a free price list. ment Silver Ingot Collection of Ken
Coins for all collectors, including OFF RETAIL! Monthly price list COMMEMORATIVE, HISTORICAL,
or bid—your choice! AND ART MEDALS are my Conaway. K. Conaway, ANA 3144966
colonial, rare-date gold, proof
and mint-state type, mint errors, jreevesandcompany@hotmail specialty. Want-lists accepted.
modern, and more. 2023 is our .com, P.O. Box 407, Huntingdon, Website updated frequently.
59th year in business. We are PA 16652. J. Reeves, ANA 3162655 medalsoftheworld.com.
always buying! Phone 800-449- H. Betts, LM 2576
2646; email info@northeastcoin WANTED: 1-OUNCE GOLD
.com; or write to 100 Main PROOF BUFFALOES dated 2008 ● MILITARY MEDALS WANTED.
Street, Ste. 330, Concord, MA through 2016, paying $1,950 American, British, German,
01742. T. Caldwell, LM 1318 each. Gerald Forsythe, 847-858- Chinese, Japanese, worldwide.
0886 or gforsythe@newmidwest Purple Hearts, Silver Stars, Iron
CALIFORNIA FRACTIONAL group.com. G. Forsythe, LM 1211 Crosses, lifesaving and historical
GOLD. Specializing in fractional medals, orders insignia, medal
gold and gold rush items for JOIN EARLY AMERICAN award documents. ANA member
over 40 years. 30+ year ANA COPPERS (EAC), a not-for- 50 years. Frank Draskovic, P.O.
life member. Buying and selling. profit numismatic specialty Box 803, Monterey Park, CA
Phone 916-936-0800; email organization founded in 1967 for 91754-0803; phone 626-281-9281;
[email protected]; or visit collectors of early U.S. copper email [email protected].
oldwestgold.com. Christopher coins—colonials, half cents, F. Draskovic, ANA 1068792
Terry, P.O. Box 2745, White- large cents, and Hard Times
house, OH 43571. C. Terry, LM 2635 tokens. Buy, sell, trade copper,
yearly convention, auction, WEBSITES
FREE mail-bid list of coins and meetings, copper blog, quarterly
currency, eight issues per year. publication, and much more. Join
Please send your name and cccoinandcurrency.com. Shop
via: eacs.org or $39 to EAC, P.O. online from home with our easy-
address to Joe Sande, P.O. Box Box 480188, Delray Beach, FL
318, Nichols, FL 33863-0318. to-use website for coin, currency,
33448. L. Alfonso, ANA 1053760 and knife collectors with 4,000+
J. Sande, ANA 1093448
images. Authorized PCGS and NGC
BUYING AND SELLING mint BUYING GSA MORGAN dealer. Member of the ANA, TNA,
errors. Over 700 errors listed for DOLLARS! RSR Numismatics is and SPMC. C. Bryant, ANA 1211321
sale on our website sullivan a top buyer of all GSA Morgans.
numismatics.com. Sullivan Please call or email for current linkvillecoins.com. Large
Numismatics, Inc., P.O. Box 579, buys. 203-359-2646, email selection of trade tokens, so-
Land O Lakes, FL 34639-0579. [email protected]. ANA member called dollars, medals, badges,
Email jon@sullivannumismatics 50 years! R. Riemer, LM 1066423 collectibles, coins, and currency.
.com; phone 931-797-4888. B. Busby, LM 4563
J. Sullivan, ANA 3129600
COINS - WORLD counterstamped-stone-
LARRY SHAPIRO RARE COINS. mountain-coins.com. Buyer of
Specializing in Morgan and SOUTH AFRICA GOLD AND this counterstamp, seller of new
Peace dollars, 3-cent silvers, CAC SILVER. Proof Natura wildlife counterstamped Stone Moun-
coins, low-pop type coins, and sets and limited mintmark issues, tain coin book, two volumes,
want-list service. 25+ year ANA. Protea Series and Heritage Series 800 pages each, 60 chapters,
larry@ lsrarecoins.com. 310-541- gold coins. Our prices are fair, [email protected],
7222. L. Shapiro, ANA 1207105 and we have a good inventory. 904-571-8623.
Check out our comprehensive C. Rogers, ANA 3145533
● COLONIAL COINS WANTED. website, randcoin.co.za. Email rsrcoins.com. RSR dealers in
Eagerly desire coins of Connecti- [email protected], phone certified coins and currency for
cut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, +27-11-789-2233. J. Brady, LM 5785 over 40 years! Shop our thousands
and Vermont, including high- of coins! Call 203-359-2646. We
grade pieces, rarities, and mint ● PAPAL COINS WANTED. are available for help! ANA member
errors. Please write describing Eagerly desire Papal States coins, discounts! R. Riemer, LM 1066423

6 7-.+.7(+7%!7/7 6 7 $7(,%!777
),$/$7*/!.37 )+((7-.-77-%!-
+(""-7(7-#1+7(""7 6 .(7$- 7/-7 (!
+-72! %7"+.37 6 7(""7+-7%7(+7%!7777
!0-7$+5/+47 7(0,'$&.7)
$-7)3&7 6 /!!(&7 (!7-!0+7
($)..07)+- )!7.&/$7)+(/.-

AMERICAN NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION F L O R E N C E S C H O O K S C H O O L O F N U M I S M AT I C S
Summer Seminar
2023 S E S S I O N 1 : June 17-22
INTERSESSION: June 22-23
S E S S I O N 2 : June 24-29
FOR MORE INFORMATION AND CLASS DESCRIPTIONS CHECK OUT

MONEY.ORG/SUMMER-SEMINAR

Early American Money Ray Williams ANA 1098831
HERALDIC SYMBOL
Lions graced Dutch coinage that circulated in the colonies.
I have been looking forward to

discussing Dutch “Lion dollars”
for quite a while. When I started
writing the “Early American
Money” column in 2016, I intended
were struck in 1577-1668. The ob-
verse bears an image of a knight
looking over his shoulder and sup-
porting a shield. The legend is a
Latin abbreviation that roughly
cords exist of counterfeiting, which
would occur only if coins were being
spent. In 1709 New York actually
had paper money printed and de-
nominated in “Lyon Dollars!” My
to discuss the pre-federal coins translates to “Silver Money of the favorite contemporary reference is
listed in A Guide Book of United Province of the Netherlands Con- by Ben Franklin. Upon leaving Bos-
States Coins (the “Red Book”) federation” and is generally fol- ton for Philadelphia, he stayed for a
one by one. The Lion dollar was lowed by the issuing authority. spell in New York City. He stated in
not in the Red Book at that time, Variations exist. The reverse has a his autobiography that after cross-
but Editor Emeritus Ken Bressett rampant lion surrounded by a Latin ing the Delaware River and entering
was instrumental in getting it in- legend that translates to “Who Philadelphia, “I was very hungry;
cluded in future editions, along Trusts in the Lord is not Moved.” and my whole stock of cash con-
with other significant “foreign At the time of circulation, sisted of a Dutch Dollar, and about
coins” that circulated in the colo- these coins were often referred to a shilling in copper.” Although he
ies. (Thank you, Ken!)
nies. as “Dog dollars.” Contemporary could be referring to one of several
possibilities, with the predomi-
P HO TO S: R AY W ILLIAMS ( COINS) & GETTY IMAGES/VECTOR P OCKET

nance of Lion dollars in New York,
I’m convinced that’s what it was.
The silver content of a Lion
dollar was less than a rix dollar
and ducatoon, and also less than
an 8 reales. When an 8-real coin
was valued at 6 shillings in colo-
nial commerce, the Lion dollar was
valued at 4 shillings, 6 pence. The
Dutch conducted commerce world-
wide and were an international
economic power at the time. Lion
dollars were so readily accepted
THE LIONS (shown on the knight
knight’ss shield
sh
hield
h
hi
ield
ld
d and
d th
the reverse’s
’ central
t ld device)
i ) that other countries struck coins of
on this Lion dollar of Zeeland are shown swimming in high water. Why similar design and silver content for
do you think the lions are depicted this way? (Hint: Research the province their own use. (These were meant
of Zeeland to deduce the answer.) Actual Size: 41mm
to imitate, not defraud.)
Not many references for these
The Lion dollar is one of three documents explain that the rea- coins exist. The one book I have is
crown-size coins issued by Dutch son for this derogatory name was The Silver Benelux by Andre Del-
provinces and cities. The other due to their lower weight and fine- monte (Schulman, Amsterdam,
two, containing different silver ness compared to that of Span- 1967). John Kleeberg wrote an ex-
amounts, are rix dollars and duca- ish 8-real coins. Another theory cellent article in The Colonial News-
toons. The 12 issuing authorities suggests that the lion takes on the letter, and Erik Goldstein and Joe
were Deventer, Frisia, Gelder- appearance of a dog after the coin Lasser wrote well-researched arti-
land, Holland, Kampen, Nijmegen, becomes well worn. cles for The Numismatist. Although
Overijssel, Utrecht, West Frisia, How do we know that these I’ve heard vague rumors of a book
Zeeland, Zutphen, and Zwolle. Dutch coins were a part of colo- in the works, I’d encourage any nu-
The leeuwendaalders (Dutch for nial America’s economy? Contem- mismatist with a desire to write a
“Lion dollars”) were struck from porary legislation placed a value standard reference to consider the
1575 to 1713, and Lion half dollars on them in shillings and pence. Re- Lion dollar as a topic.

◀◀ Early American Money c o nt inu ed ■
As a collector, many aspects n (y
not y sseem to reflect their
yet) in colonial times.
of these hammer-strr uck l ve rarity. So I, of
rellativ Volume 2, No. 1 of the Journal of
coins caught my atten enn- ccoursse, added several to Early American Numismatics (published
tion—their large sizee , my y ccollection. in 2019 by the American Numismatic
the general crudeness off A book came to my Society) includes a more in-depth
the dies, their age, theirr a ention, Russell Shor-
atte article about how to collect Lion dol-
history, and (of course) to’ss Island at the Cen- lars, which I highly recommend. Every
their availability and d ter of the World. It is an collector of colonial type coins should
price. With Delmonte in n exceellent history of early pursue a Lion dollar, along with
hand, I attempted to ob-- New Amsterdam that
N a Spanish Milled dollar and a Swed-
tain 12 coins, one from eeach rea ads
a llike a novel. I read ish riksdaler of Queen Christina (for
P H OT OS : RAY W ILLIAMS
province/city. I soon found u d out

und about
b t ManManhattan being “pur- New Sweden).
that coins from Zutphen heen and chased d” forr trade items valued In today’s Internet age, collectors
Nijmegen were rarely offer erred, a 60 gguilders. The “pur-
at starting in this coinage can easily find
and when they did appea a
ar, ch ” was in reality a co-
cchase tons of historical information that
they were well out of my y h bitation agreement as
habi will bring these coins to life. Hold-
price range. (Zutphen n far a as the Native Amer- ing this large silver dollar in hand,
was in operation for threee ans were concerned. I
ican you might envision a cold, hungry
years and Nijmegen forr hen learned from Erik
the 17-year-old Ben Franklin landing in
just one.) So a 10-coin setett G ldstein that the 60
Gol Philadelphia in 1723. You might
was my new goal. Whil ille guillders equated to 30 imagine Dutch West India Company
pursuing these, I ran acro o
oss Lion dollars, and voilà! ocean-going ships sailing for New
a Lion half dollar. It’s been
b A new w collecting goal was Amsterdam. Maybe Henry Hudson,
my experience that for ev v- b n. I reached it over
born Peter Minuit, or Peter Stuyvesant
ery 30 dollars I see, I’ll seee ▲ THIS LION DOLLAR shows the
see h course of a couple might have spent the coin you now
one half dollar. The cost the typical designs featured on years, and I could now own. Pursuing history is pursuing fun!
of these smaller coins does most examples. Actual Size: 41mm “purchase” Manhattan [email protected]
SLAYING THE BASILISK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pictured at right is a Lion dollar of Zwolle. Normally, a rampant
lion appears on the knight’s shield, but on this coin, the shield
depicts a scene of a knight fighting an animal. My first thought
was that it must be St. George slaying a dragon, but that’s a
British tale, not Dutch.
I contacted the dealer in Germany who sold me the coin
and learned that the shield portrays St. Michael slaying a
basilisk (a [hopefully] fictional creature that can kill you with
just a look). Several years ago, I had a conversation with a
young person over lunch in which we discussed the basilisk.
I asked her how she even knew about a basilisk, and she told me that there was a boy
named Harry Potter who evidently slayed one. Having only name recognition of this Harry
Potter, I started a discussion on the topic in an online colonial chat group, and
I was informed that this event occurred in the second of eight Harry Potter books and
movies (the latter released in 2002), titled Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. Well,
inquiring minds wanted to know!
I was determined to find out more and watch this movie. It was suggested that
I watch the first film in the series in order to obtain a good background for the second. This
I did. The movies were so enjoyable that my wife, Diane, and I binge-watched all eight. I
have to say, in this day of political and ecological correctness, this film makes a hero out of
an evil little wizard who kills this innocent creature (obviously on the endangered species
list), and he did so after an insane, cruel bird plucked out the poor basilisk’s eyes—it’s no
wonder this animal is extinct today! But at least we have the Lion dollar of Zwolle to keep Actual Size: 41.5mm
this creature’s memory alive for posterity.

Mint
BUYING & SELLING

Error
Coins
!"# $$
$$
Sull
u livanNumismatics
misma
atics .com
com

Own A Piece Of History

Several dozen numismatic lots from the
Money Museum will be posted for auction
on eBay every third Thursday of the month.
Collectors will have a week to review and
(MAYBE EVEN A TREASURE) FROM THE
Money Museum
bid on the items—all of which are duplicate
specimens already represented in the
Store
Museum collection. ANA members receive
a 20% discount on their winning bids!
Proceeds will be used to support the
Fnl^nfl^]n\ZmbhgZefbllbhg'
JOIN US
for the monthly Money
Museum Auction
EVERY THIRD WEEK OF
THE MONT
NTTH ON
MONTH O EBAY
Check The Money Museum eBay Store

ebay.com/str/moneymuseumdeaccessionauctions
every third Thursday of the month for new items.
money.org/money-museum

Learn about
MONEY.ORG
money & coin collecting at

Getting Started Mitch Sanders LM 1120751
DO THE MATH, PART 1

A mathematical perspective provides economic insight.
I n my experience, most people

approach math with some trep-
idation. But I see math as a lan-
guage to understand the world,
and I always hope that with the
dollar), makes the most sense.
But in the past, when money was
primarily used to make small,
coin-based transactions, a system
based on division and fractions
Math can also provide a per-
spective on the physical and eco-
nomic elements of coinage over
time. Scholars of ancient numis-
matics trace the economic decline
right approach, math will become was especially effective. of the Roman Empire through the
more accessible and appreciated. The monetary systems of early debasement of its coinage. In the
One of the most fundamental America are a great example. The modern world, inflation caused by
elements of money—denomina- British system had 12 pence to the economic crisis and monetary pol-
tions—involves some important shilling, which made division very icy has at times been a persistent
math. Today’s monetary sys- easy because 12 is divisible by 2, 3, phenomenon, especially in Latin
tems include both coins and pa- 4, and 6; while 10 is only divisible America, and the consequences are
per money, and they operate at by 2 and 5. (This system actually reflected on its money.
various levels; the same units are persisted in the United Kingdom For example, the chart shown
used when buying a cup of cof- until 1971.) However, the primary here follows the Mexican peso from
fee, purchasing a home, and es- metallic medium in Britain’s Amer- its reintroduction in 1898 until
P H OT OS: M ITCH SANDER S ( GR AP HS) & GETTY IMAGES/EBR UBLUE10

tablishing a national budget. ican colonies was the silver coinage the introduction of the nuevo peso,
For making a series of compu- of Spain’s American empire. The equal to 1,000 old pesos, in 1992. In
tations, a decimal-based system main, and the largest, coin was the Spanish, the word “peso” literally
of currency, with denominations silver 8 reales, and it was accompa- means “weight”—and the changing
in units of 10 (e.g. 100 cents in a nied by smaller 4 reales, 2 reales, weight and fineness of the peso re-
1 real, and 1/2 real—each coin being flects its evolving economic context.
half the value of the one above it. The gray line in the top illus-
THE FOLLOWING GRAPHS track changes to In the fledgling United States, tration shows changes in the silver
the silver fineness and weight of the Mexican the new monetary system (adopted fineness of the 1-peso coin. In other
peso and demonstrate how inflation in 1792) had a dollar, equivalent to nations, changes in silver fineness
affected the coin’s physical composition. the 8 reales, as its main unit and would be more abrupt—for exam-
was based on decimal units (with a ple, the transition from 90-percent
dime worth 10 cents, a dollar worth silver in the United States in 1965.
100 cents, and an eagle worth 10 But Mexico, historically and cur-
dollars). As Thomas Jefferson had rently the world’s primary source of
argued in his 1785 coinage proposal, silver, chose a very gradual reduc-
“The most easy ratio of multipli- tion. Relatedly, the blue line shows
cation and division is that by ten. that the weight of the peso also
Every one knows the facility of has changed considerably, becom-
Decimal Arithmetic.” But, for con- ing ever-lighter until its diminished
tinuity and clarity, there were still value made the 1-peso denomina-
vestiges of the old, fraction-based tion impractical to coin. These fig-
systems. For example, some early ures tell the story of the peso clearly
half cents and cents were inscribed and concisely and provide a useful
“1 /200” and “1 /100,” respectively, perspective on its evolution in the
and some early half dollars had the context of larger economic forces.
edge inscription FIFTY CENTS OR Math and money intersect in
HALF A DOLLAR. Indeed, some of many interesting ways, and next
those vestiges remain with us to- month I’ll continue with more
day—the 25-cent piece is still iden- anecdotes from the realm of math-
tified as the fractionally equivalent ematical numismatics.
“quarter dollar.” [email protected]

EXHIBIT
Medals paint a vibrant picture,

celebrating the history of America.
The unique visual pageant of American leaders, events, politics,
private institutions and art is presented through medals to tell
the exciting stories of our collective past.
818 N. Cascade Avenue, Colorado Springs, CO 80903

Ǥ ȀǧȀ ǧ
90 T he NUMI SMATI ST | m on e y.or g MARCH 2O23

In memory of
David W. Lange
1958–2023
NGC and the numismatic community

mourn the loss of a great man.
Lange served as NGC’s Research Director since 1994,
making him one of the company’s longest-serving
employees. A highly respected numismatic researcher
and writer, Lange’s contributions to NGC include the
development of its VarietyPlus® variety attribution
program and catalog, the NGC Photo Proof ® service
and a plethora of other educational content.
A coin enthusiast for more than 50 years, Lange

authored 10 books and hundreds of articles on
United States numismatics. Many of his books are
still considered to be key references decades later,
LQFOXGLQJ7KH&RPSOHWH*XLGHWR%XࢆDOR1LFNHOV
(1992), The Complete Guide to Mercury Dimes (1993),
The Complete Guide to Lincoln Cents (1996), History
of the United States Mint and Its Coinage (2005), A
Guide Book of Modern U. S. Proof Coin Sets (2005)
and the NGC Grading Guide for Modern U. S. Coins
(co-author, 2004).
Lange’s numerous accolades include the Numismatic

Literary Guild’s prestigious Clemy Award, the
ANA’s Lifetime Achievement Award and the ANA’s
Numismatist of the Year honor. Lange was an active
participant in a number of hobby organizations,
serving as president of some and regularly teaching
at the ANA’s annual Summer Seminar.
We are saddened by the loss of our colleague and

friend. He will be missed by many.
Steve Eichenbaum, ANA LM 5735 | Rick Montgomery, ANA 1216123 | Andy Salzberg, ANA 3162111
SUBSCRIPTION PACKAGES
R LUE
UL A T VA
POP BES
CURRENCY COIN
SUBSCRIPTION LEVELS COLLECTOR COLLECTOR + DEALER + PRO
DEALER DEALER
ONLINE PRICING INCLUDED
CPG ® RETAIL VALUES
(U.S. Coins, CAC Pricing) 9 9 9 9 9
CPG ® RETAIL VALUES
(U.S. Paper Money) 9 9 9 9 9 9
BANKNOTE BOOK RETAIL VALUES
(World Paper Money) 9 9 9 9 9 9
GREYSHEET WHOLESALE VALUES
(U.S. & World Coins, and CAC) 9 9 9
GREENSHEET WHOLESALE VALUES
(U.S. Paper Money) 9 9 9
PRINTED GUIDES INCLUDED (MAILED WITH ONLINE ACCESS*)
BANKNOTE BOOK (*Online Access
Only – View 315+ Chapters) 9 9 9 9
CPG ® MAGAZINE 9 9 9 9 9
CAC MAGAZINE 9 9 9 9
GREYSHEET MAGAZINE 9 9 9
GREENSHEET MAGAZINE 9 9 9
CDN EXCHANGE (DEALER ONLY)
2 USER ACCESS 9
CURRENCY COIN
SUBSCRIPTION LEVELS COLLECTOR COLLECTOR + DEALER + PRO
DEALER DEALER
MONTHLY PRICE
(If you want your Greysheet sent First $9.99 $15.99 $18.99 $34.99 $49.99 $170.00
Class Mail — add $4 extra monthly)
ANNUAL PRICE $99.99 $159.99 $199.99 $349.99 $499.99 $1,850.00

(If you want your Greysheet sent First
(Save 17%) (Save 17%) (Save 12%) (Save 17%) (Save 17%) (Save 9%)
Class Mail — add $48 extra annually)
CALL OR ORDER ONLINE MAIL FORM WITH PAYMENT SEND PAYPAL PAYMENT TO
+1 (757) 656-1055 1072 LASKIN ROAD, STE 202 [email protected]
WWW.GREYSHEET.COM VIRGINIA BEACH, VA 23451 John Feigenbaum, LM 5080
• •
Numısmatıst
U.S. Coin Collector’s Price Guide (CPG) Values
March 2023
▶ Silver 3 Cents
▶ Half Dimes & Dimes
Supplied by the publishers of The Coin Dealer Newsletter (CDN)
▶ 20 Cents
The Numismatist and CDN Publishing, LLC are collaborating to provide ANA members
a reliable retail pricing tool for collectable United States and Early American coinage. ▶ Quarters
Each supplement offers up-to-date values for a variety of coin types and denomina-
tions on a monthly rotation. For information about the CDN family of publications, Copyright 2023 by CDN Publishing, LLC,
visit cdnpublishing.com or phone 757-656-1055. which is solely responsible for the con-
tent of this price guide.
▶ MARKET SPOTLIGHT This supplement is intended as a hobby

Liberty Seated half dimes and dimes have been in the spotlight, with the sale of the two resource only and should be used in
combination with other numismatic
rarest dates in January. While these coins were sold in excess of $3 million, numerous references as part of a practical,
other better dates in circulated grades have brought strong prices recently. This shows informed purchasing plan.
the dedicated collector base these series enjoy.
3-CENT SILVER Collector's Price Guide (CPG®) Values powered by Greysheet (www.greysheet.com) ©2023
CPG® Value G4 VG8 F12 VF20 XF40 XF45 AU50 AU55 AU58 MS60 MS63 MS64 MS65 MS66 MS67
1851 47 57 65 78 115 130 169 182 195 228 312 468 650 1,090 3,750
1851-O 76 86 108 136 221 234 422 715 858 897 1,310 1,940 2,620 6,250 26,400
1852 47 57 65 78 115 130 169 182 195 228 312 468 650 1,090 3,750
1853 47 57 65 78 115 130 169 182 195 228 312 468 650 1,090 3,750
1854 66 70 77 101 156 182 228 312 390 429 812 1,250 2,250 4,880 17,400
1855 92 108 130 172 266 325 488 585 650 780 1,620 2,060 5,620 12,600 48,000
1856 59 65 76 97 156 182 228 312 390 429 812 1,250 2,190 12,600 28,800
1857 55 61 73 93 156 182 240 364 455 494 910 1,500 2,810 5,000 17,400
1858 55 61 73 93 156 182 228 312 390 429 812 1,250 1,750 3,500 17,400
1859 55 61 68 74 127 143 182 208 234 254 429 644 910 1,620 6,250
1860 55 61 68 86 127 143 182 208 234 254 358 585 1,750 4,380 5,620
1861 55 61 68 82 127 143 182 208 234 254 358 585 845 1,220 3,250
1862 55 61 68 86 127 143 182 208 234 254 358 585 845 1,220 3,250
1862/1 62 66 72 93 130 169 234 325 455 520 682 806 1,310 1,880 5,750
1863 520 585 650 715 780 819 910 960 1,020 1,150 2,000 3,250 3,500 4,750 9,750
1864 520 585 650 715 780 819 910 960 1,150 1,250 1,500 1,880 2,810 3,750 8,120
1865 520 585 650 715 780 819 910 1,150 1,380 1,880 2,750 4,500 5,000 5,250 8,120
1866 585 650 748 812 960 998 1,060 1,120 1,250 1,380 2,250 3,440 4,060 5,000 9,500
1867 520 585 650 715 845 1,020 1,380 1,620 2,000 2,250 3,750 4,380 11,200 16,800 24,000
1868 845 960 1,150 1,500 2,000 2,250 2,880 3,560 5,000 5,310 7,500 18,000 24,000 28,800 36,000
1869 520 585 650 715 845 960 1,220 1,380 1,500 1,620 2,380 4,690 7,250 8,120 21,000
1870 520 585 715 780 960 1,060 1,220 1,620 1,750 1,880 2,310 2,620 4,500 7,500 24,000
1871 520 585 650 715 845 871 910 960 1,020 1,060 1,250 1,620 2,000 2,500 4,690
1872 715 910 1,150 1,500 2,000 2,220 2,500 3,000 3,380 3,880 4,880 6,880 10,600 13,800 31,200
EARLY HALF DIMES (1792—1837) Want more pricing in real time? Subscribe today @ www.greysheet.com
CPG® Value G4 VG8 F12 VF20 VF30 XF40 XF45 AU50 AU55 AU58 MS60 MS62 MS63 MS64 MS65
1792 Half Disme 52,800 66,000 79,200 93,600 108,000 132,000 144,000 156,000 186,000 198,000 210,000 240,000 360,000 480,000 600,000
1794 2,000 2,750 3,500 4,500 5,750 8,750 10,000 11,500 12,600 16,800 19,200 28,800 31,200 38,400 79,200
1794 LM-2 2,200 3,020 3,850 4,950 6,320 9,620 11,000 12,100 13,900 18,500 21,100 31,700 34,300 42,200 87,100
1794 LM-3 2,000 2,750 3,500 4,500 5,750 8,750 10,000 11,500 12,600 16,800 19,200 28,800 31,200 38,400 79,200
1794 LM-4 2,000 2,750 3,500 4,500 5,750 8,750 10,000 11,500 12,600 16,800 19,200 28,800 31,200 38,400 79,200
1795 1,500 1,880 2,500 3,250 4,000 5,750 6,250 6,880 8,000 8,880 10,000 11,500 12,200 22,800 38,400
1795 LM-1 —— —— —— —— —— —— 8,120 —— 12,000 14,400 16,200 —— —— —— ——
1795 LM-3 1,650 2,060 2,750 3,580 4,400 6,320 6,880 7,560 8,800 9,760 11,000 12,100 13,500 25,100 42,200
1795 LM-4 —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— 30,000 ——
1795 LM-8 1,500 1,880 2,500 3,250 4,000 5,750 6,250 6,880 8,000 8,880 10,000 11,500 12,200 22,800 38,400
1795 LM-9 1,500 1,880 2,500 3,250 4,000 5,750 6,250 6,880 8,000 8,880 10,000 11,500 12,200 22,800 38,400
1795 LM-10 1,500 1,880 2,500 3,250 4,000 5,750 6,250 6,880 8,000 8,880 10,000 11,500 12,200 22,800 38,400
1796 1,690 2,190 3,750 4,810 5,190 7,750 8,750 10,500 15,000 19,200 22,200 27,600 36,000 57,600 84,000
1796 LIKERTY 1,690 2,190 3,750 4,810 5,190 7,750 8,750 10,500 15,000 19,200 22,200 27,600 36,000 57,600 84,000
1796/5 2,500 3,120 4,380 5,620 6,940 9,560 11,400 14,500 18,000 24,000 28,200 31,200 36,000 81,000 150,000
1797 15 Stars LM-1 1,620 2,000 3,620 4,810 5,190 7,060 8,120 8,750 12,000 14,400 16,800 18,000 22,800 35,400 60,000
1797 16 Stars 1,620 2,000 3,620 4,810 5,190 7,060 8,120 8,750 12,000 14,400 16,800 18,000 22,800 35,400 60,000
1800 1,690 1,940 2,380 3,250 4,000 5,620 6,120 7,750 9,250 11,200 12,300 15,000 18,600 27,600 43,200
1800 LIBEKTY 1,750 2,060 2,500 3,750 4,380 6,560 7,310 8,750 11,900 12,600 14,400 18,000 21,000 31,200 43,200
1801 1,810 2,090 2,560 3,560 4,380 6,000 6,500 8,350 10,800 13,000 18,600 22,200 26,400 39,600 78,000
1802 LM-1 108,000 134,400 162,000 180,000 198,000 240,000 270,000 312,000 —— —— —— —— —— —— ——
1803 Small 8, LM-1 2,750 3,750 5,000 7,190 9,380 11,200 12,000 15,600 24,000 54,000 72,000 102,000 108,000 —— ——
1803 Large 8 1,690 1,940 2,380 3,250 4,000 5,620 6,120 7,750 9,250 11,200 12,300 15,000 31,200 48,000 84,000
1805 LM-1 1,880 2,500 3,000 4,250 6,000 11,900 15,600 24,000 30,000 42,000 —— —— —— —— ——
1829 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 2,750
1830 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 2,750
1831 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 2,750
1832 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 2,750
1833 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 2,750
1834 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 2,750
1834 3/Inv. 3 81 113 131 160 —— 292 364 520 559 650 748 960 1,380 1,880 3,750
1835 Lg. Date, Lg. 5c 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 2,750
1835 Lg. Date, Sm. 5c 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,750 3,750
1835 Sm. Date, Lg. 5c 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 2,750
1835 Sm. Date, Sm. 5c 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 2,750
1836 Lg. 5c 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 3,750
1836 Sm. 5c 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,380 2,750
1836 3/Inverted 3 81 108 130 162 195 247 312 370 422 488 598 897 1,150 1,690 3,750
1837 Lg. 5c 74 97 113 144 156 204 234 286 358 488 546 858 1,060 1,620 6,250
1837 Sm. 5c 130 162 195 260 299 390 585 780 1,060 1,620 2,060 2,440 2,810 5,620 10,600

CPG Values: Silver 3 Cents, Half Dimes, Dimes, 20 Cents, Quarters coinprices.com
LIBERTY SEATED HALF DIMES Collector's Price Guide (CPG®) Values powered by Greysheet (www.greysheet.com) ©2023
CPG® Value G4 VG8 F12 VF20 XF40 AU50 AU55 AU58 MS60 MS62 MS63 MS64 MS65 MS66 MS67
1837 No Stars, Lg. Date 49 74 115 182 299 494 624 702 780 897 1,230 1,350 2,500 4,750 13,800
1837 No Stars, Sm. Date 49 74 115 182 299 494 656 734 812 960 1,290 1,480 2,810 5,500 15,000
1838-O 195 292 585 1,090 2,680 4,380 5,620 6,250 6,560 7,500 12,000 16,800 27,000 48,000 ——
1838 Lg Stars, ND 38 43 51 73 119 208 254 286 312 390 546 748 1,250 1,880 5,000
1838 Sm Stars, ND 45 62 96 142 260 325 364 455 715 845 960 1,690 3,620 5,620 ——
1839 ND 38 43 51 73 119 208 254 312 344 422 611 748 1,380 2,500 5,000
1839-O ND 41 46 57 86 162 422 520 650 1,020 1,810 2,000 3,120 8,750 12,000 19,200
1840 ND 38 43 51 73 119 208 254 286 312 390 546 748 1,500 2,880 5,000
1840-O ND 136 178 255 373 650 780 1,020 1,380 2,000 2,810 6,250 11,200 16,200 21,600 ——
1840 Drapery 61 92 136 172 225 325 351 390 455 715 878 1,440 2,310 7,500 16,200
1840-O Drapery 126 187 287 448 864 1,620 4,120 6,250 6,880 10,600 22,200 30,000 —— —— ——
1841 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 162 188 234 312 585 1,020 1,560 5,000
1841-O 92 127 172 230 338 455 552 1,020 1,250 1,880 2,620 3,620 8,120 12,000 18,000
1842 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 234 286 312 390 715 1,220 1,620 5,620
1842-O 92 146 231 464 715 1,090 1,220 1,380 1,560 1,880 2,250 4,750 13,200 16,800 ——
1843 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 162 208 260 390 715 1,340 2,000 3,500
1844 35 39 46 61 111 195 221 260 325 390 520 650 1,310 1,500 3,500
1844-O 148 237 370 780 1,500 2,500 3,380 5,000 7,500 8,750 11,200 14,400 24,000 —— ——
1845 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 176 214 273 390 624 1,080 1,500 3,500
1846 845 1,340 2,000 2,750 4,380 6,690 9,380 15,000 18,600 36,000 43,200 —— —— —— ——
1847 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 162 195 234 325 650 1,220 2,250 4,380
1848 Med. Date 32 36 43 49 78 143 169 228 358 429 572 1,620 2,810 3,500 ——
1848 Lg. Date 39 43 63 97 195 390 429 488 585 884 1,440 2,000 3,120 4,380 ——
1848-O 39 50 63 115 228 390 429 520 650 780 1,020 1,620 2,620 3,750 10,000
1849 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 195 260 338 520 1,020 1,750 2,190 6,880
1849/6 55 86 130 150 214 390 481 650 910 1,110 1,560 1,880 3,000 —— ——
1849/8 55 86 130 143 214 390 468 715 780 878 1,220 1,560 2,190 2,810 8,750
1849-O 97 156 260 377 650 1,150 1,620 2,000 2,250 3,250 3,880 5,750 9,380 13,200 ——
1850 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 162 188 234 312 520 910 1,150 5,000
1850-O 35 39 46 77 143 292 364 507 715 1,020 1,560 4,380 6,250 9,380 13,200
1851 32 36 43 49 78 143 169 195 234 286 390 520 1,020 1,500 5,620
1851-O 32 39 46 51 122 228 273 358 488 624 960 1,620 4,060 6,250 ——
1852 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 162 188 234 312 552 1,060 1,250 6,880
1852-O 42 68 105 148 286 520 611 780 1,020 1,620 2,750 5,620 8,120 12,600 ——
1853 NA 51 89 142 208 325 585 624 682 780 884 1,090 1,440 2,000 2,500 8,120
1853-O NA 337 585 960 1,560 3,000 4,060 6,250 10,000 11,900 13,500 15,600 24,000 33,600 —— ——
1853 Arrows 32 36 43 49 78 143 143 150 208 247 338 507 942 1,380 6,560
1853-O Arrows 34 39 46 55 122 195 286 390 468 780 1,150 1,940 5,000 6,500 18,000
1854 Arrows 32 36 43 49 78 143 143 150 208 247 338 507 942 1,880 9,380
1854-O Arrows 32 36 46 55 101 214 260 292 390 585 910 1,380 3,810 5,620 18,000
1855 Arrows 32 36 43 49 78 143 143 150 208 247 338 507 1,310 4,380 10,600
1855-O Arrows 32 39 46 70 136 208 260 358 650 806 1,090 2,000 5,620 10,000 19,200
1856 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 162 188 234 312 494 663 960 2,620
1856-O 32 36 46 58 115 260 299 358 520 676 979 1,380 2,190 5,000 ——
1857 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 162 188 234 312 494 663 960 2,620
1857-O 41 42 49 59 101 208 260 364 390 520 624 1,020 1,220 2,000 8,120
1858 32 36 43 49 78 143 156 162 188 234 312 494 663 960 2,620
1858 Over Inv. Date 92 116 148 182 364 410 494 650 960 1,190 1,620 3,440 4,380 7,500 ——
1858 Dbl Date —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— 6,250 —— 10,000 —— —— ——
1858-O 36 42 49 54 92 143 169 208 292 351 455 650 1,060 1,880 11,900
1859 32 36 46 51 85 156 169 188 234 286 390 572 845 960 2,620
1859-O 35 42 72 101 162 234 260 292 390 429 520 992 1,380 3,000 ——
1860 Trans, Obv 1859 —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— 3,380 3,880 4,750 5,250 6,880 10,600
1860 30 35 38 41 54 94 119 150 195 228 312 468 650 960 1,810
1860-O 32 41 46 51 88 143 202 240 325 390 520 715 992 2,250 6,250
1861 38 41 43 46 54 94 119 150 195 228 312 468 650 1,020 7,500
1861/0 35 55 89 136 260 358 429 468 546 598 650 1,080 1,810 2,690 11,900
1862 30 35 38 41 54 94 119 150 195 228 312 468 650 960 1,810
1863 208 269 385 436 559 682 715 780 845 884 942 1,060 1,620 2,060 4,500
1863-S 41 77 130 169 260 455 682 748 845 960 1,090 1,880 3,940 5,310 21,000
1864 367 572 884 986 1,250 1,310 1,320 1,340 1,380 1,440 1,500 1,810 2,500 3,750 6,250
1864-S 115 153 214 306 520 734 819 910 1,020 1,220 1,500 2,620 4,250 6,880 ——
1865 325 488 734 832 992 1,090 1,110 1,150 1,220 1,250 1,380 1,560 2,500 3,120 8,120
1865-S 55 86 130 187 325 650 754 960 1,220 1,620 2,500 3,750 8,120 18,000 ——
1866 315 468 696 780 884 910 923 942 960 1,040 1,160 1,250 2,810 3,810 7,000
1866-S 36 53 77 124 228 390 468 546 585 845 1,220 1,620 5,500 7,500 12,000
1867 488 592 832 878 960 1,120 1,160 1,200 1,250 1,440 1,690 2,190 2,750 3,500 8,190
1867-S 55 86 130 159 228 306 351 455 650 819 1,130 1,940 3,250 5,620 ——
1868 62 101 156 202 312 455 494 552 650 715 910 1,250 1,380 2,500 5,500
1868-S 30 35 41 50 78 143 195 234 344 422 520 845 1,620 4,380 ——
1869 30 35 41 58 94 128 143 176 228 254 312 682 780 1,310 3,120
1869-S 30 35 41 65 122 143 182 260 364 552 960 1,880 4,000 6,250 9,380
1870 30 35 38 41 54 94 119 150 195 228 312 474 780 1,500 3,750
1870-S (Unique) —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— 3,600,000 —— —— ——
1871 30 35 38 41 54 94 119 150 195 228 312 468 650 960 3,750
1871-S 32 38 45 63 94 182 208 240 273 325 429 682 1,500 3,120 ——
1872 30 35 38 41 54 94 119 150 195 228 312 468 650 1,220 2,310
1872-S S Below Bow 30 35 38 41 54 94 119 150 195 228 312 468 650 1,090 2,000
1872-S S Above Bow 30 35 38 41 54 94 119 150 195 228 312 468 650 1,090 2,060
1873 30 35 38 41 54 94 119 150 195 228 312 468 780 1,750 5,000
1873-S 30 35 41 47 62 94 119 150 195 228 312 468 715 1,250 5,620
BUST DIMES CPG® pricing isn’t the whole story. Contact your favorite ANA-member dealer to understand market values.
1796 3,500 4,380 5,500 6,500 10,600 14,400 16,800 19,800 20,400 22,200 27,600 43,200 66,000 126,000 180,000
1797 16 Stars 3,500 4,380 5,500 6,500 10,600 14,400 24,000 26,400 33,600 34,200 36,000 48,000 66,000 126,000 216,000
1797 13 Stars 3,850 4,810 6,880 8,440 15,600 22,200 31,200 36,000 57,600 60,000 62,400 90,000 180,000 480,000 ——
1798 Large 8 1,250 1,620 2,750 3,250 4,500 5,750 6,250 8,120 12,000 13,200 30,000 39,000 54,000 90,000 ——
1798 Small 8 2,250 3,000 4,000 7,500 12,000 18,000 24,000 36,000 57,000 60,000 66,000 72,000 96,000 156,000 300,000
1798/97 16 Stars Reverse 1,250 1,750 2,250 2,750 4,120 5,250 6,120 8,120 8,750 10,600 15,000 18,000 25,200 51,600 ——
1798/97 13 Stars Reverse 4,750 7,500 10,000 12,000 18,000 30,000 33,600 36,000 42,000 48,000 51,600 216,000 —— —— ——
1800 1,020 1,250 1,880 2,500 4,060 8,440 11,900 15,600 16,800 18,000 19,200 38,400 60,000 144,000 210,000
1801 1,150 1,880 2,380 3,750 6,120 12,000 20,400 30,000 49,200 50,400 54,000 56,400 79,200 126,000 ——
1802 1,690 2,500 3,250 4,120 7,120 15,000 19,200 24,000 36,000 42,000 78,000 114,000 —— —— ——
1803 1,250 1,500 1,880 2,500 5,000 6,250 14,400 33,600 60,000 69,600 84,000 120,000 228,000 —— ——
1804 13 Stars Reverse 5,000 6,880 11,200 18,000 32,400 66,000 96,000 192,000 —— —— —— —— —— —— ——
1804 14 Star Reverse 8,750 13,200 18,000 24,000 43,200 63,000 102,000 240,000 390,000 420,000 450,000 480,000 —— —— ——
1805 4 Berries 702 1,020 1,220 1,750 3,120 4,000 5,000 5,750 6,750 7,500 8,620 10,900 17,400 42,000 66,000
1805 5 Berries 702 1,130 1,420 2,100 3,440 4,800 6,000 6,900 8,100 9,000 10,400 14,400 36,000 —— ——
1807 702 1,020 1,220 1,750 3,120 4,000 5,000 5,750 6,750 7,500 8,620 10,900 17,400 42,000 66,000

BUST DIMES continued Collector's Price Guide (CPG®) Values powered by Greysheet (www.greysheet.com) ©2023
1809 780 1,150 1,500 2,500 3,380 5,000 5,500 5,750 6,250 6,880 8,120 11,200 13,200 42,000 72,000
1811/9 260 390 960 1,310 1,880 2,500 3,000 3,250 3,750 4,000 4,690 8,120 10,900 28,800 ——
1814 Large Date 84 127 176 260 598 754 949 1,250 1,380 1,500 1,750 2,620 4,000 12,000 19,800
1814 Small Date 108 156 221 390 780 1,120 1,310 1,440 2,090 2,880 3,440 4,060 5,310 14,400 60,000
1814 STATESOFAMERICA 358 552 910 1,090 1,690 3,250 4,380 4,690 5,000 5,620 6,250 8,120 11,900 20,400 ——
1820 Large 0 84 127 176 260 598 1,020 1,250 1,500 2,250 2,500 3,120 4,060 5,620 19,200 28,800
1820 Small 0 84 127 176 260 682 1,020 1,250 1,500 2,250 2,380 2,810 3,250 5,380 19,200 24,000
1820 STATESOFAMERICA 182 260 422 585 1,250 2,250 2,690 4,500 5,000 6,250 7,500 10,000 13,200 19,200 54,000
1821 Large Date 84 127 176 260 598 942 1,150 1,380 1,620 1,750 2,000 2,620 4,000 14,400 54,000
1821 Small Date 84 127 176 260 628 960 1,250 2,380 2,750 3,000 4,000 4,750 6,250 14,400 27,000
1822 2,000 3,000 5,250 7,750 10,500 13,200 15,600 18,000 20,400 22,800 26,400 28,800 36,000 72,000 108,000
1823/2 Small E's 108 162 260 455 780 942 1,250 1,380 1,620 1,750 2,560 2,620 5,000 19,200 36,000
1823/2 Large E's 108 195 260 364 715 858 1,500 2,120 2,500 2,780 3,380 4,380 10,000 20,400 36,000
1824/2 128 162 325 618 1,130 1,380 1,500 1,620 1,880 2,500 3,000 3,500 6,250 24,000 60,000
1825 84 127 176 260 598 754 981 1,310 1,500 1,750 1,940 2,620 4,000 18,000 30,000
1827 84 127 176 260 598 754 949 1,250 1,380 1,500 1,750 2,620 4,000 12,000 19,800
1827/7 JR-1 92 134 193 286 658 829 1,030 1,380 1,510 1,650 1,920 2,890 4,400 12,700 21,800
1827 JR-6 84 127 176 260 598 754 1,020 1,250 1,380 1,500 1,750 2,620 4,000 12,000 19,800
1828 Lg Size, Curl 2 130 195 260 585 1,380 2,000 3,750 5,000 5,620 6,250 8,750 12,000 24,000 —— ——
1828 Sm Size, Sq Base 2 54 88 130 228 455 812 992 1,060 1,500 1,880 2,500 2,880 5,620 19,200 ——
1829 Small 10C 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 2,750 5,000 9,000
1829 Sm.10C, JR-7 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 2,750 5,000 9,000
1829 Curl Base 2 5,620 8,750 15,000 19,200 36,000 —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— ——
1829 Medium 10C 54 68 92 130 390 585 910 1,120 1,560 1,690 1,880 2,810 3,750 5,000 9,000
1829 Large 10C 54 68 89 130 390 715 910 1,020 1,560 1,690 2,000 3,380 5,620 10,600 18,000
1829 X-Large 10C 54 68 89 130 429 786 986 1,130 1,720 1,860 2,200 3,710 6,190 11,700 19,800
1830 Medium 10C 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 3,620 9,380 18,000
1830 Small 10C 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 845 1,560 1,690 2,060 2,500 3,750 16,800 30,000
1830/29 54 68 101 162 390 650 960 1,060 1,560 1,880 2,250 3,500 6,250 14,400 30,000
1831 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 2,750 5,000 9,000
1832 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 921 1,020 1,250 1,800 2,750 5,000 30,000
1833 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 2,750 5,000 9,000
1833 Last 3 High 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 2,750 5,000 14,400
1834 Small 4 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 2,750 5,000 9,000
1834 Large 4 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 2,750 5,000 9,000
1835 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 2,750 6,250 16,200
1836 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 2,750 5,000 9,000
1837 Capped Bust 41 59 84 128 292 507 618 748 878 973 1,250 1,800 3,620 12,000 15,600
LIBERTY SEATED DIMES Want more pricing in real time? Subscribe today @ www.greysheet.com
1837 No Stars, Large Date 74 103 169 260 546 858 998 1,150 1,220 1,560 2,000 3,250 5,500 11,900 30,000
1837 No Stars, Small Date 74 103 169 260 546 858 998 1,150 1,220 1,560 2,000 3,250 9,380 13,200 42,000
1838-O No Stars 94 122 195 442 826 992 1,810 2,310 3,750 4,380 6,250 9,000 21,000 33,600 ——
1838 Large Stars, No Drap 20 27 38 94 228 325 468 546 598 832 1,020 1,620 2,880 5,750 19,200
1838 Small Stars, No Drap 36 57 88 182 410 455 520 682 780 1,150 1,500 2,500 4,380 9,380 13,200
1838 Partial Drapery —— —— —— —— 325 390 455 845 1,020 1,500 1,750 1,940 2,810 4,690 14,400
1839 No Drapery 20 27 38 94 228 325 468 546 598 832 1,020 1,620 2,880 4,250 12,000
1839 O No Drapery 34 54 96 156 260 455 598 748 845 1,410 2,190 2,940 8,120 12,000 24,000
1840 No Drapery 20 27 38 94 240 325 468 546 598 832 1,020 1,620 3,250 6,880 12,000
1840-O No Drapery 68 101 130 195 552 845 2,000 4,380 6,880 9,380 13,200 22,200 45,000 —— ——
1840 With Drapery 101 130 182 358 845 1,380 2,250 2,940 3,500 7,810 12,000 19,200 30,000 —— ——
1841 16 20 24 38 80 169 214 247 390 552 780 1,250 3,750 6,250 10,000
1841-O 27 41 54 88 162 292 422 650 910 1,250 1,470 5,620 9,380 —— ——
1842 16 20 24 38 80 169 214 247 312 422 520 1,310 2,750 5,000 9,380
1842-O 47 68 101 221 520 1,020 1,250 1,620 2,810 3,750 4,380 6,560 21,000 —— ——
1843 18 20 24 38 80 169 214 260 455 624 845 1,620 3,310 5,620 ——
1843-O 195 325 598 1,380 3,120 11,000 17,400 24,000 72,000 120,000 150,000 —— —— —— ——
1844 195 273 338 494 960 1,880 2,690 3,500 4,500 7,880 11,200 16,200 30,000 38,400 ——
1845 19 22 24 38 80 169 234 292 422 559 682 960 2,250 3,440 10,000
1845-O 101 162 260 630 1,180 2,690 4,380 6,250 12,000 20,400 24,000 —— —— —— ——
1846 448 604 936 1,990 2,680 7,500 13,800 21,600 24,000 36,000 54,000 —— —— —— ——
1847 41 47 58 101 195 422 650 845 1,500 2,060 3,380 4,380 9,620 —— ——
1848 34 47 61 88 130 260 416 546 780 910 1,090 3,000 6,880 11,200 ——
1849 27 34 41 54 108 260 338 455 520 715 878 1,180 3,120 15,000 36,000
1849-O 34 47 81 172 416 780 1,440 2,120 2,500 3,250 4,500 14,400 30,000 —— ——
1850 20 27 34 43 81 195 260 312 358 468 650 960 5,000 —— ——
1850-O 46 68 94 130 358 878 1,380 1,750 2,250 3,750 5,000 6,880 9,060 16,800 36,000
1851 20 23 26 42 92 228 260 390 455 650 748 1,940 4,810 8,120 18,000
1851-O 34 53 81 136 325 1,150 1,500 2,500 2,810 3,440 3,750 5,310 18,000 —— ——
1852 18 19 22 34 70 169 214 247 312 422 520 878 2,120 3,000 6,880
1852-O 47 81 130 260 455 682 998 1,380 1,880 2,500 3,120 4,750 13,200 19,200 ——
1853 No Arrows 182 228 358 422 748 910 1,020 1,090 1,150 1,380 1,690 2,310 2,940 4,500 6,880
1853 Arrows 19 20 22 36 74 182 228 306 364 488 715 936 1,500 2,620 10,500
1853-O Arrows 24 47 94 122 292 682 858 2,190 2,250 3,750 5,000 6,880 12,600 —— ——
1854 Arrows 19 20 22 36 74 182 228 306 364 488 715 936 1,500 2,620 10,500
1854-O Arrows 41 68 101 130 162 260 364 422 455 715 910 1,690 4,060 5,000 10,500
1855 Arrows 19 20 22 36 74 182 228 306 364 488 715 936 3,120 7,500 12,000
1856 Small Date 16 18 19 30 57 169 214 247 312 422 520 878 2,120 4,380 9,060
1856 Large Date 47 68 101 130 195 306 455 520 715 1,150 2,190 3,750 8,750 11,900 ——
1856-O 34 47 74 115 162 422 682 780 812 960 1,250 2,750 6,250 —— ——
1856-S 358 585 845 1,250 1,940 2,500 3,250 5,000 7,500 10,000 13,800 24,000 42,000 —— ——
1857 16 18 19 30 76 169 214 247 312 422 520 878 2,120 3,000 6,880
1857-O 22 27 32 49 76 182 260 390 429 520 650 878 2,120 3,500 6,880
1858 16 18 19 30 57 169 214 247 312 422 520 878 2,120 3,000 6,880
1858-O 30 41 61 127 214 390 533 780 960 1,560 2,190 4,060 8,750 28,800 38,400
1858-S 260 325 455 979 1,740 2,060 3,410 4,750 7,500 10,000 14,400 24,000 33,000 66,000 ——
1859 16 18 19 41 74 169 214 247 312 422 520 878 2,120 3,000 6,880
1859-O 27 34 41 70 115 228 292 325 390 455 618 960 2,250 4,380 8,120
1859-S 292 390 520 1,250 3,120 5,620 6,560 7,500 18,000 24,000 30,000 48,000 90,000 —— ——
1860-S 108 169 260 390 715 1,080 1,380 1,880 2,500 5,250 8,750 14,400 36,000 48,000 ——
1860 15 16 19 24 66 94 156 195 240 299 455 650 1,020 1,440 5,000
1860-O 960 1,380 1,940 2,380 5,620 11,200 16,800 19,200 20,400 28,800 43,200 84,000 —— —— 180,000
1861 15 18 20 26 41 81 100 130 169 208 325 552 1,220 2,500 5,620
1861-S 195 286 455 715 992 1,250 2,120 2,940 5,000 10,500 18,000 36,000 45,000 60,000 ——

LIBERTY SEATED DIMES continued Collector's Price Guide (CPG®) Values powered by Greysheet (www.greysheet.com) ©2023
1862 19 20 23 30 47 88 122 150 182 286 390 559 910 1,620 6,250
1862-S 162 228 325 585 1,090 2,500 2,810 3,120 4,380 6,880 10,000 18,000 42,000 —— ——
1863 960 1,150 1,490 1,790 2,230 2,810 3,120 3,310 3,440 3,750 4,120 4,380 4,750 6,250 9,060
1863-S 150 208 325 585 1,020 1,250 1,690 2,190 3,750 6,250 8,750 12,000 33,000 42,000 ——
1864 741 930 1,190 1,500 2,000 2,250 2,750 3,000 3,250 3,750 4,060 4,500 5,000 6,000 27,000
1864-S 143 190 260 436 845 1,120 1,250 1,500 1,620 1,880 2,190 5,310 13,200 21,600 33,000
1865 838 1,100 1,480 1,700 2,380 2,750 3,120 3,440 3,620 3,880 4,000 4,190 4,380 6,880 13,200
1865-S 143 234 390 780 1,250 2,940 4,690 6,560 7,190 10,600 13,200 24,000 42,000 —— ——
1866 845 1,100 1,480 1,700 2,100 2,500 2,810 3,000 3,120 3,380 3,500 3,620 3,810 4,060 8,120
1866-S 143 234 390 507 780 1,500 2,250 2,880 3,750 5,620 7,500 10,000 12,000 15,600 ——
1867 1,050 1,420 1,650 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500 3,120 3,250 3,880 4,380 4,750 5,000 5,620 14,400
1867-S 130 195 260 422 780 1,620 2,000 3,000 3,250 3,750 5,310 7,500 10,000 30,000 42,000
1868 23 27 32 50 92 156 195 228 292 507 715 1,380 3,750 6,250 ——
1868-S 68 101 162 292 585 702 845 1,250 1,500 2,000 2,500 4,380 5,620 15,000 19,200
1869 32 39 47 104 228 292 358 520 650 910 1,090 1,620 2,810 4,690 6,250
1869-S 41 61 88 147 292 403 585 715 910 1,150 1,250 1,620 3,750 6,880 11,900
1870 23 26 31 45 93 122 169 260 292 429 552 1,150 1,880 8,120 ——
1870-S 390 552 682 904 1,130 1,250 1,500 2,000 2,250 2,750 3,120 4,500 9,380 22,200 ——
1871 18 19 22 32 65 156 208 260 416 520 618 780 1,620 4,500 ——
1871-CC 3,750 6,000 7,500 9,380 16,800 24,000 30,000 36,000 45,000 72,000 138,000 210,000 300,000 —— ——
1871-S 41 81 130 195 422 910 992 1,150 1,620 2,690 3,750 5,310 13,200 30,000 ——
1872 16 18 20 26 41 81 100 130 169 208 292 624 1,440 3,120 9,380
1872-CC 1,750 2,500 3,250 4,380 11,200 24,000 43,200 67,200 108,000 216,000 408,000 —— —— —— ——
1872-S 54 81 130 195 390 618 910 1,150 2,000 2,750 3,500 8,750 27,600 —— ——
1873 No Arrows, Closed 3 18 24 34 54 81 130 182 234 286 403 520 1,020 1,750 5,000 8,120
1873 No Arrows, Open 3 22 32 61 81 130 260 325 390 845 1,090 1,220 1,380 —— —— ——
1873-CC NA (Unique) —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— 4,200,000 —— ——
1873 Arrows 19 23 30 65 169 338 377 429 494 572 858 1,250 3,120 3,500 12,000
1873 Dbl Die Obv 780 1,250 1,620 2,500 4,380 8,750 11,200 13,200 15,000 —— —— —— —— —— ——
1873-CC Arrows 3,250 3,750 5,750 8,500 24,000 54,000 66,000 78,000 108,000 144,000 168,000 216,000 396,000 —— ——
1873-S Arrows 27 32 41 88 202 520 663 878 960 1,150 1,660 3,190 8,750 13,200 27,000
1874 Arrows 19 23 30 65 169 338 377 429 494 572 858 1,250 3,120 3,500 12,000
1874-CC Arrows 10,000 13,200 18,000 21,600 38,400 60,000 84,000 114,000 126,000 192,000 264,000 420,000 —— —— ——
1874-S Arrows 54 81 130 169 390 845 1,020 1,150 1,250 1,880 2,250 3,750 8,120 12,000 26,400
1875 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 3,750
1875-CC CC Above Bow 32 38 47 68 108 240 325 390 422 552 780 973 2,750 5,000 9,380
1875-CC CC Below Bow 32 35 47 74 108 234 338 390 455 819 1,150 2,000 3,750 8,120 ——
1875-S S Above Bow 15 16 19 24 34 130 182 234 260 325 390 624 1,880 3,750 ——
1875-S S Below Bow 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 1,060 1,620 7,500
1876 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 845 1,180 2,610
1876-CC 32 35 38 57 101 162 260 292 364 500 650 960 1,310 2,810 9,380
1876-S 19 20 27 34 51 94 122 156 195 292 390 585 1,440 2,000 6,250
1877 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 845 1,090 4,380
1877-CC 32 35 38 58 130 195 260 260 325 390 780 1,250 2,310 3,440 6,880
1877-S 26 30 32 41 62 115 156 260 325 520 960 1,250 4,060 6,880 19,200
1878 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 1,090 1,560 5,620
1878-CC 228 266 325 390 520 1,150 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,310 2,750 3,500 6,250 12,600 19,200
1879 195 234 280 390 520 618 637 650 682 715 780 910 1,020 1,150 3,120
1880 143 208 260 325 416 468 520 559 585 624 650 715 1,250 1,620 2,380
1881 162 221 273 344 442 552 572 585 780 998 1,150 1,310 2,250 3,750 5,250
1882 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 2,380
1883 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 2,380
1884 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 2,380
1884-S 34 41 50 77 130 332 416 494 715 910 1,150 1,620 5,620 6,560 13,200
1885 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 2,380
1885-S 832 1,020 1,240 1,790 2,680 4,380 4,940 5,500 6,250 7,810 9,380 16,800 30,000 54,000 ——
1886 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 2,380
1886-S 47 62 81 115 162 228 344 468 546 780 1,150 1,880 2,810 4,380 6,880
1887 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 2,380
1887-S 15 16 19 24 34 94 122 143 186 229 286 486 845 1,150 6,250
1888 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 5,000
1888-S 19 22 24 34 49 101 162 260 358 520 682 1,380 3,750 5,620 12,000
1889 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 2,380
1889-S 27 32 41 59 88 143 221 260 358 624 878 1,220 4,060 5,000 ——
1890 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 2,380
1890-S 16 19 24 45 74 143 182 228 260 338 585 910 1,310 3,750 ——
1891 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 208 260 442 624 936 2,380
1891-O 20 23 27 30 49 94 119 143 186 229 286 486 960 2,190 8,120
1891-S 15 16 19 24 34 81 100 130 169 247 306 442 992 1,310 7,500
BARBER DIMES CPG® pricing isn’t the whole story. Contact your favorite ANA-member dealer to understand market values.
1892 7.63 10.80 17.55 22.95 35 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 715 2,310
1892-O 10.80 18.90 37.80 62.00 81 94 130 169 182 247 390 585 1,310 3,120 8,120
1892-S 68.00 116.00 221.00 254.00 286 312 351 364 403 546 780 1,250 3,120 7,500 ——
1893 8.10 12.15 21.60 32.40 58 81 108 122 143 182 260 422 960 1,220 6,880
1893/2 169.00 234.00 312.00 364.00 585 806 1,220 1,500 1,750 2,120 2,440 3,750 6,250 9,000 ——
1893-O 31.05 47.25 115.00 143.00 162 234 260 273 312 455 520 1,380 1,940 2,810 7,500
1893-S 13.50 24.30 43.20 62.00 101 156 234 338 364 552 858 1,310 1,810 4,060 42,000
1894 24.30 47.25 130.00 156.00 195 228 247 273 299 338 468 715 998 2,000 4,380
1894-O 54.00 88.00 221.00 280.00 429 780 1,020 1,560 2,060 2,380 4,560 7,250 9,750 18,000 33,600
1895 94.00 169.00 364.00 488.00 552 630 663 702 780 858 960 1,250 1,440 4,500 10,000
1895-O 559.00 702.00 1,090.00 1,560.00 2,620 3,620 4,690 5,250 5,940 9,380 13,800 21,000 25,800 45,600 72,000
1895-S 43.20 61.00 143.00 208.00 234 338 364 468 585 780 1,180 1,500 3,380 12,600 ——
1896 12.15 22.95 62.00 88.00 108 119 122 130 156 260 403 585 1,150 1,380 6,250
1896-O 88.00 162.00 286.00 377.00 520 1,020 1,220 1,380 1,500 2,120 3,000 5,250 10,000 13,200 24,000
1896-S 94.00 182.00 286.00 344.00 384 500 559 624 748 1,090 1,440 2,280 3,120 4,750 ——
1897 6.75 7.22 8.98 18.90 42 76 94 115 143 176 202 234 390 715 3,500
1897-O 68.00 136.00 306.00 377.00 448 585 812 960 1,150 1,250 1,500 2,500 3,440 5,940 11,200
1897-S 20.25 40.50 108.00 136.00 182 292 390 455 488 552 910 1,750 3,120 4,190 18,000

BARBER DIMES continued Collector's Price Guide (CPG®) Values powered by Greysheet (www.greysheet.com) ©2023
1898 5.87 6.75 8.57 16.20 35 74 89 115 143 176 202 247 468 936 3,120
1898-O 12.15 39.15 101.00 156.00 202 299 390 455 488 780 1,090 1,250 2,500 5,620 24,000
1898-S 8.10 14.85 37.80 57.00 119 182 312 468 572 845 1,500 1,880 2,380 4,250 24,000
1899 5.41 5.68 8.10 16.20 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 455 1,060 4,000
1899-O 8.10 29.70 81.00 115.00 195 247 312 358 429 780 1,020 1,940 4,120 6,000 13,200
1899-S 8.10 16.20 37.80 43.20 65 108 169 260 338 468 682 1,250 2,380 3,250 6,880
1900 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 338 520 1,250 4,380
1900-O 17.55 40.50 128.00 169.00 221 260 332 403 552 741 992 1,880 3,880 4,620 10,600
1900-S 6.75 9.45 16.20 22.95 43 74 108 162 195 260 403 878 1,690 4,000 16,800
1901 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 520 960 3,380
1901-O 6.75 9.45 21.60 43.20 92 176 292 455 715 960 1,020 1,440 2,310 3,120 10,000
1901-S 101.00 195.00 416.00 507.00 624 845 1,250 1,560 1,680 2,060 2,380 3,120 4,500 5,000 11,200
1902 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 234 266 585 1,090 4,380
1902-O 6.75 9.45 20.25 36.45 84 162 228 325 390 488 748 1,440 3,250 6,000 11,900
1902-S 13.50 28.35 62.00 101.00 136 202 260 292 390 520 878 1,250 2,500 4,500 8,750
1903 5.41 5.68 6.49 16.20 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 260 650 1,120 5,000
1903-O 6.75 9.45 17.55 33.75 69 108 143 188 234 325 500 942 2,690 7,500 14,400
1903-S 81.00 130.00 370.00 481.00 552 910 1,150 1,250 1,310 1,530 1,690 2,120 2,500 3,120 8,750
1904 5.41 5.68 6.49 14.85 32 74 89 115 143 176 208 312 650 1,380 6,880
1904-S 40.50 81.00 156.00 240.00 325 488 552 650 910 1,220 1,620 2,750 4,380 5,750 18,000
1905 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 630 1,200 5,310
1905-O 6.75 16.20 37.80 59.00 126 143 182 228 306 358 462 624 1,220 2,620 6,250
1905 O Micro O 68.00 101.00 162.00 260.00 650 960 1,440 2,500 2,810 4,250 5,620 7,500 10,300 16,800 ——
1905-S 6.75 9.45 12.15 24.30 55 101 130 156 182 208 254 292 1,020 1,500 6,250
1906 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 650 3,000
1906-D 6.75 9.45 12.15 16.20 45 81 108 122 156 221 358 682 1,220 1,940 7,500
1906-O 8.10 21.60 54.00 88.00 130 143 156 169 195 273 422 533 960 1,380 3,000
1906-S 6.75 9.45 16.20 31.05 70 143 182 208 260 312 403 748 992 1,620 6,560
1907 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 650 6,880
1907-D 6.75 9.45 13.50 27.00 55 115 143 182 260 442 748 910 1,880 3,000 10,000
1907-O 6.75 14.85 36.45 54.00 84 108 130 156 202 247 318 494 1,060 1,500 10,600
1907-S 6.75 10.80 21.60 43.20 92 150 208 273 358 422 715 858 2,000 4,380 ——
1908 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 650 4,000
1908-D 5.41 5.68 6.49 16.20 41 74 89 115 143 176 234 358 682 1,310 3,380
1908-O 8.10 18.90 49.95 68.00 111 143 182 221 286 403 552 715 858 1,440 3,750
1908-S 6.08 9.45 16.20 22.95 70 176 221 260 364 546 780 998 1,250 2,500 7,500
1909 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 650 3,000
1909-D 12.15 28.35 68.00 108.00 136 221 273 377 520 624 878 1,150 1,380 4,060 8,120
1909-O 6.75 9.45 16.20 31.05 68 156 188 234 312 468 715 1,020 1,620 3,000 12,000
1909-S 13.50 39.15 99.00 136.00 188 306 351 455 520 780 1,250 1,620 3,440 6,560 9,380
1910 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 715 2,750
1910-D 6.75 9.45 12.15 27.00 65 101 130 156 208 286 390 715 1,750 2,190 6,880
1910-S 8.10 22.95 57.00 82.00 136 195 273 325 416 494 650 1,090 1,750 2,560 8,440
1911 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 650 1,560
1911-D 5.41 5.68 6.49 16.20 35 74 89 115 143 176 202 286 494 845 3,250
1911-S 6.75 9.45 12.15 24.30 59 108 130 169 195 260 358 572 780 1,080 2,380
1912 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 650 1,810
1912-D 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 247 455 780 5,940
1912-S 6.75 9.45 13.50 22.95 57 94 122 143 182 260 312 520 1,020 2,000 10,600
1913 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 650 1,880
1913-S 36.45 54.00 131.00 195.00 280 338 429 559 780 960 1,310 2,000 2,620 3,120 6,250
1914 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 650 3,440
1914-D 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 221 260 572 1,150 5,250
1914-S 6.75 9.45 12.15 22.95 54 94 115 136 169 234 325 436 942 1,750 10,100
1915 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 650 1,620
1915-S 10.80 18.90 37.80 54.00 92 130 156 182 234 299 364 650 1,150 2,120 8,750
1916 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 202 234 390 650 1,880
1916-S 5.41 5.68 6.49 13.50 32 74 89 115 143 176 222 281 468 1,020 7,500
MERCURY DIMES Want more pricing in real time? Subscribe today @ www.greysheet.com
CPG® Value G4 VG8 F12 VF20 XF40 XF45 AU50 AU55 AU58 MS60 MS62 MS63 MS64 MS65 MS66 MS67
1916 4.05 6.75 7.43 8.10 9.79 12.15 16.20 27.00 40.50 54 81 101 115 162 286 910
1916-D 1,230.00 1,800.00 3,120.00 4,500.00 6,750.00 7,880.00 9,380.00 11,000.00 12,000.00 12,900 13,500 16,200 19,900 30,000 33,600 ——
1916-S 4.05 4.73 9.65 14.85 24.30 24.30 25.65 35.00 40.50 47 65 101 156 292 390 1,500
1917 2.98 4.05 4.39 4.73 6.75 8.10 10.80 18.00 21.60 28 41 57 80 162 358 812
1917-D 5.40 6.08 13.50 20.25 57.00 74.00 94.00 112.00 122.00 128 195 228 416 858 1,500 5,000
1917-S 2.98 4.05 4.39 8.10 14.85 18.90 28.35 46.00 54.00 81 156 182 240 390 715 1,880
1918 2.98 4.05 6.41 12.15 35.10 39.15 44.55 59.00 68.00 74 115 130 143 358 1,250 ——
1918-D 2.98 4.05 6.08 13.50 32.40 37.80 47.25 70.00 88.00 108 240 273 377 780 1,750 3,120
1918-S 2.98 4.05 5.06 10.80 24.30 29.70 39.15 65.00 94.00 128 221 260 344 780 1,380 2,690
1919 2.98 4.05 4.39 5.40 10.80 14.85 27.00 31.00 33.75 38 108 169 221 358 845 ——
1919-D 2.98 5.74 9.45 24.30 47.25 58.00 74.00 115.00 130.00 208 422 455 780 1,310 3,440 ——
1919-S 2.98 4.05 12.15 21.60 43.20 65.00 88.00 130.00 162.00 260 455 650 1,150 1,560 2,060 3,120
1920 2.98 4.05 4.39 4.73 6.75 8.10 9.45 14.00 21.60 30 51 70 115 247 455 1,440
1920-D 2.98 4.05 5.40 9.45 24.30 31.05 44.55 65.00 88.00 108 260 306 410 611 1,380 3,750
1920-S 2.98 4.05 8.78 10.80 21.60 29.70 40.50 61.00 88.00 108 312 390 780 1,250 2,000 ——
1921 48.60 74.00 115.00 260.00 488.00 552.00 858.00 1,090.00 1,250.00 1,380 1,880 2,310 2,410 3,120 —— ——
1921-D 61.00 128.00 188.00 325.00 650.00 845.00 1,150.00 1,220.00 1,380.00 1,500 1,810 2,470 2,750 3,000 4,060 7,500
1923 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 8.10 9.45 15.00 22.28 27 39 47 54 136 240 1,020
1923-S 2.98 4.05 9.45 18.90 81.00 97.00 130.00 169.00 214.00 260 416 552 878 1,310 2,120 4,120
1924 2.98 4.05 4.12 4.73 13.50 18.90 27.00 34.00 37.80 43 68 88 109 170 325 1,310
1924-D 2.98 4.05 9.45 24.64 61.00 74.00 105.00 128.00 143.00 169 325 455 566 992 1,750 ——
1924-S 2.98 4.05 6.75 20.25 47.25 65.00 81.00 108.00 169.00 260 488 552 942 1,250 2,940 8,750
1925 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 8.10 9.45 15.00 22.95 28 57 74 122 292 488 1,220
1925-D 4.05 5.40 13.50 51.00 130.00 146.00 172.00 228.00 280.00 351 682 780 942 1,710 2,620 ——
1925-S 2.98 4.05 13.50 27.00 81.00 92.00 108.00 136.00 156.00 208 422 618 878 1,220 2,380 ——
1926 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 8.10 9.45 14.00 21.60 26 41 54 105 240 325 845
1926-D 2.98 4.05 4.73 13.50 32.40 36.45 43.20 68.00 94.00 143 260 286 325 520 1,440 ——
1926-S 11.48 16.20 31.05 68.00 292.00 351.00 442.00 520.00 1,150.00 1,250 1,620 1,880 2,690 3,560 5,250 12,000
1927 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 12.15 17.00 20.25 27 38 55 90 156 325 1,020
1927-D 2.98 4.05 8.10 29.70 94.00 101.00 128.00 156.00 188.00 228 344 422 1,020 1,250 2,250 ——

MERCURY DIMES continued Collector's Price Guide (CPG®) Values powered by Greysheet (www.greysheet.com) ©2023
1927-S 2.98 4.05 5.40 13.50 31.05 39.15 48.60 101.00 260.00 280 507 715 910 1,380 2,500 ——
1928 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 9.45 15.00 22.95 30 43 61 77 136 358 715
1928-D 2.98 4.05 13.50 29.70 63.00 85.00 108.00 128.00 143.00 169 325 396 455 845 1,810 1,940
1928-S 2.98 4.05 4.12 6.75 20.25 28.35 37.80 74.00 128.00 143 234 325 390 436 682 1,590
1929 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 9.45 14.00 17.55 22 30 34 36 70 169 370
1929-D 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 9.45 14.00 21.60 27 28 30 39 72 156 520
1929-S 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 9.45 16.00 24.30 34 38 41 72 150 260 748
1930 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 9.45 14.00 21.60 27 38 47 55 115 234 1,810
1930-S 2.98 4.05 4.73 6.75 18.90 27.00 44.55 59.00 70.00 81 122 150 176 234 455 1,500
1931 2.98 3.38 5.06 5.40 8.10 10.80 18.90 23.00 29.70 35 57 78 101 150 273 910
1931-D 8.44 10.13 16.20 22.95 51.00 53.00 54.00 74.00 88.00 104 122 136 182 416 585 1,020
1931-S 4.73 5.74 6.75 10.80 24.30 32.40 51.00 74.00 94.00 115 136 156 182 312 572 942
1934 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 8.10 9.45 12.15 16.00 22.95 30 32 35 36 45 81 214
1934-D 2.98 3.05 3.19 4.00 16.20 24.30 29.70 34.00 47.25 61 63 65 66 81 143 552
1935 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 4.81 4.81 4.94 5.00 6.55 9 9 14 19 24 55 115
1935-D 2.98 3.05 3.19 4.00 12.15 16.20 25.65 31.00 33.75 38 43 47 61 94 169 715
1935-S 2.98 3.05 3.19 4.00 6.75 8.10 9.45 14.00 18.90 24 27 30 35 36 81 312
1936 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 4.81 4.81 4.94 5.00 6.55 9 9 12 19 24 49 94
1936-D 2.98 3.05 3.19 4.00 8.10 9.45 12.15 16.00 22.95 28 34 38 45 54 88 358
1936-S 2.98 3.05 3.19 4.00 6.75 8.10 9.45 15.00 21.60 27 30 32 34 35 74 195
1937 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 4.81 4.81 4.94 5.00 6.55 9 9 11 19 24 42 81
1937-D 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 8.10 14.00 18.23 24 28 32 34 45 68 150
1937-S 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 8.10 14.00 17.55 23 26 27 36 38 94 130
1938 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 4.81 4.81 4.94 5.00 6.55 9 9 12 19 24 43 88
1938-D 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 8.10 14.00 18.90 22 26 28 30 35 54 162
1938-S 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 8.10 14.00 17.55 22 27 28 39 42 68 182
1939 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 4.81 4.81 4.94 5.00 6.55 9 9 12 19 24 41 81
1939-D 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 8.10 14.00 18.90 24 27 30 35 41 51 78
1939-S 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 6.75 7.43 8.10 14.00 18.90 24 27 30 36 41 68 234
1940 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 5.01 5.01 5.14 5.00 6.75 9 9 12 19 24 35 65
1940-D 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 5.01 5.01 5.14 5.00 6.75 9 9 12 19 38 49 78
1940-S 2.71 2.71 2.85 4.00 5.01 5.01 5.14 5.00 6.75 9 9 14 26 38 49 78
1941 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 12 19 24 35 65
1941-D 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 15 23 28 49 72
1941-S 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 12 22 38 49 101
1942 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 12 19 24 35 65
1942/1 364.00 390.00 455.00 520.00 715.00 819.00 1,150.00 1,560.00 2,000.00 3,000 4,000 5,500 9,380 12,600 16,800 ——
1942-D 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 15 22 28 42 76
1942/1-D 306.00 351.00 377.00 429.00 559.00 618.00 1,090.00 1,560.00 1,880.00 2,810 4,120 5,500 9,380 13,200 19,200 ——
1942-S 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 12 22 24 35 85
1943 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 12 19 24 35 65
1943-D 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 14 19 24 35 65
1943-S 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 14 19 24 35 68
1944 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 12 19 24 35 65
1944-D 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 11 14 19 24 35 65
1944-S 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 15 23 28 42 78
1945 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 12 19 24 35 65
1945-D 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 12 19 24 35 65
1945-S 2.71 2.71 2.85 3.52 4.33 4.33 4.47 5.00 6.08 9 9 14 19 24 35 92
1945-S Micro S 3.05 4.05 4.73 5.40 6.75 8.10 9.45 14.00 21.60 34 42 47 81 122 182 416
MERCURY DIMES (FULL BANDS) Want more pricing in real time? Subscribe today @ www.greysheet.com
CPG® Value MS64 MS65 MS66 MS67 CPG® Value MS64 MS65 MS66 MS67 CPG® Value MS64 MS65 MS66 MS67
1916 156 260 468 1,150 1926-S 5,250 8,250 17,300 54,000 1938-D 51 81 143 364
1916-D 31,200 52,800 69,600 192,000 1927 188 474 682 1,440 1938-S 92 195 364 780
1916-S 299 942 1,380 3,440 1927-D 5,000 8,620 19,200 —— 1939 70 182 273 780
1917 156 442 819 2,500 1927-S 3,620 7,500 16,800 72,000 1939-D 49 78 101 208
1917-D 858 4,250 6,880 36,600 1928 156 377 552 1,350 1939-S 208 546 1,150 2,780
1917-S 520 1,150 2,000 8,750 1928-D 2,000 3,250 5,620 43,200 1940 27 45 65 234
1918 403 1,220 2,380 12,000 1928-S 1,180 3,750 6,250 14,400 1940-D 27 45 101 260
1918-D 4,250 12,900 48,000 168,000 1929 97 318 442 998 1940-S 41 108 135 494
1918-S 5,250 6,500 18,000 108,000 1929-D 156 286 650 1,620 1941 27 38 54 169
1919 299 715 1,230 6,060 1929-S 273 624 1,300 2,500 1941-D 32 49 62 176
1919-D 3,900 37,400 108,000 —— 1930 247 572 1,150 4,000 1941-S 32 47 94 286
1919-S 7,500 21,600 57,600 —— 1930-S 364 1,250 2,000 4,750
1942 27 38 68 260
1920 182 429 585 1,690 1931 286 650 973 6,000
1942/1 19,200 55,200 84,000 ——
1920-D 1,230 1,880 5,250 42,000 1931-D 507 650 910 2,310
1942-D 32 49 62 202
1920-S 2,380 5,250 10,500 72,000 1931-S 1,250 3,000 4,000 8,750
1942/1-D 13,800 26,400 43,200 66,000
1921 4,880 5,310 7,000 26,400 1934 74 143 247 390
1921-D 4,350 6,250 10,600 28,800 1934-D 195 351 585 1,310 1942-S 62 143 195 436
1923 130 325 442 1,150 1935 54 108 169 416 1943 27 38 70 254
1923-S 1,880 5,000 42,000 —— 1935-D 234 416 858 1,650 1943-D 32 49 54 169
1924 260 546 1,190 3,750 1935-S 169 351 572 1,190 1943-S 32 89 119 344
1924-D 1,020 1,750 3,250 14,400 1936 39 97 143 442 1944 43 81 182 715
1924-S 2,500 14,400 40,800 —— 1936-D 130 273 351 910 1944-D 32 49 54 188
1925 286 1,020 1,220 2,030 1936-S 70 122 169 520 1944-S 32 45 74 247
1925-D 2,000 4,250 8,120 16,800 1937 35 45 101 234 1945 10,000 18,600 20,400 54,000
1925-S 1,970 3,750 6,880 27,600 1937-D 61 122 150 494 1945-D 32 49 54 202
1926 195 390 845 3,000 1937-S 115 234 344 936 1945-S 57 122 208 442
1926-D 960 2,250 4,000 30,000 1938 54 97 156 390 1945-S Micro S 234 715 1,150 3,120
20-CENT PIECES CPG® pricing isn’t the whole story. Contact your favorite ANA-member dealer to understand market values.
CPG® Value G4 VG8 F12 VF20 XF40 XF45 AU50 AU58 MS60 MS62 MS63 MS64 MS65 MS66 MS67
1875 221 247 280 292 416 468 585 845 960 1,090 1,500 1,750 4,690 14,400 36,000
1875-CC 247 299 442 520 845 942 1,120 1,880 2,060 2,750 3,120 5,500 12,000 42,000 78,000
1875-S 162 176 195 228 280 306 390 585 878 1,060 1,250 1,750 2,750 4,120 21,000
1876 240 299 390 488 585 630 702 960 992 1,310 1,690 2,750 4,750 15,600 60,000
1876-CC —— —— —— —— —— —— 198,000 246,000 258,000 312,000 360,000 600,000 780,000 900,000 ——
CPG® Value G4 VG8 F12 VF20 XF40 XF45 AU50 AU58 PR60 PR62 PR63 PR64 PR65 PR66 PR67
1875 —— —— —— —— 715 812 960 1,250 1,500 2,190 3,000 3,750 5,750 10,000 22,200
1875-S BM —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— 15,000 27,000 36,000 —— —— —— ——
1876 —— —— —— —— 715 812 960 1,250 1,500 2,410 3,150 3,940 5,750 12,000 22,200
1877 PR Only 2,500 2,810 3,120 3,440 4,750 4,880 5,000 5,620 5,940 6,560 8,750 12,000 13,800 22,800 33,600
1878 PR Only 1,750 1,880 2,060 2,190 2,440 2,500 2,620 3,060 3,250 3,620 3,880 5,250 7,250 13,200 33,000

BUST QUARTERS (1796—1838) Collector's Price Guide (CPG®) Values powered by Greysheet (www.greysheet.com) ©2023
CPG® Value G4 VG8 F12 VF20 XF40 XF45 AU50 AU53 AU55 AU58 MS60 MS62 MS63 MS64 MS65
1796 13,200 21,600 33,000 50,400 62,400 64,800 67,200 69,000 74,400 87,000 96,000 144,000 174,000 216,000 414,000
1804 3,560 5,940 8,250 12,200 30,000 36,000 54,000 66,000 84,000 90,000 108,000 144,000 186,000 258,000 414,000
1805 403 520 812 1,500 3,120 3,440 5,000 5,380 6,250 8,000 11,200 15,000 19,800 45,000 81,600
1806 403 520 812 1,500 3,120 3,440 5,000 5,380 6,250 8,000 11,200 15,000 19,800 27,600 81,600
1806/5 520 780 1,220 1,750 4,000 5,750 7,500 8,000 9,000 11,200 13,200 18,000 28,800 50,400 144,000
1807 403 520 812 1,500 3,120 3,440 5,000 5,380 6,250 8,000 11,200 15,000 19,800 27,600 114,000
1815 260 390 520 780 2,380 2,500 2,750 2,810 3,000 3,620 3,880 4,880 6,250 12,600 29,400
1818 150 202 306 494 1,250 1,500 2,060 2,250 2,500 3,620 3,880 4,880 6,250 8,250 29,400
1818/5 150 202 306 494 1,250 1,500 2,060 2,250 2,500 3,620 3,880 4,880 6,880 8,250 29,400
1819 Sm. 9 150 202 306 494 1,250 1,500 2,060 2,250 2,500 3,620 4,380 5,620 9,620 18,000 38,400
1819 Lg. 9 150 202 306 494 1,250 1,500 2,500 2,620 3,620 4,250 5,000 5,940 9,380 21,000 48,000
1820 Sm. 0 150 202 306 494 1,250 1,500 2,060 2,250 2,500 3,620 4,380 5,620 10,600 15,000 38,400
1820 Lg. 0 150 202 306 494 1,250 1,500 2,500 2,880 3,750 5,620 6,250 8,250 11,600 15,600 48,000
1821 150 202 306 494 1,250 1,500 2,060 2,250 2,500 3,620 3,880 4,880 6,250 8,250 36,000
1822 228 358 585 1,020 1,880 2,290 3,120 3,750 5,880 6,250 6,560 8,000 10,600 33,600 ——
1822 25c/50c 6,250 11,900 19,200 27,000 38,400 40,800 46,200 49,800 54,000 57,000 60,000 78,000 90,000 108,000 144,000
1823/2 46,200 60,000 75,000 84,000 96,000 104,400 126,000 138,000 174,000 240,000 276,000 —— —— —— ——
1824/2 585 960 1,380 1,880 4,000 5,000 6,620 6,880 8,120 10,600 24,000 42,000 54,000 150,000 ——
1825/4/2 195 247 455 650 1,500 1,750 2,500 2,750 3,500 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 9,500 31,200
1828 150 202 306 494 1,250 1,500 2,060 2,250 2,500 3,620 3,880 4,880 6,250 13,200 29,400
1828 25/50c 1,150 1,690 2,500 3,250 7,500 10,000 11,200 11,600 11,900 12,000 15,000 24,000 102,000 —— ——
1831 Sm. Letters 108 128 143 169 377 448 715 760 960 1,440 1,940 2,380 3,620 6,250 14,400
1831 Lg. Letters 108 128 143 169 377 448 715 760 960 1,440 2,500 3,250 5,000 8,440 30,000
1832 108 128 143 169 377 448 715 760 960 1,440 1,940 2,380 3,620 6,250 14,400
1833 108 128 143 195 468 598 910 992 1,250 1,620 2,500 3,500 4,500 8,750 21,600
1834 108 128 143 169 377 448 715 760 960 1,440 1,940 2,380 3,620 6,250 14,400
1835 108 128 143 169 377 448 715 760 960 1,440 1,940 2,380 3,620 6,250 27,000
1836 108 128 143 169 377 448 715 760 960 1,440 1,940 2,380 3,620 6,250 51,000
1837 108 128 143 169 377 448 715 760 960 1,440 1,940 2,380 3,620 6,250 14,400
1838 108 128 143 169 377 448 715 760 960 1,440 1,940 2,380 3,620 6,250 24,000
LIBERTY SEATED QUARTERS Want more pricing in real time? Subscribe today @ www.greysheet.com
1838 ND 35 45 62 247 572 754 1,150 1,500 1,880 3,000 4,750 11,000 32,400 66,000 102,000
1839 ND 35 45 62 247 572 754 1,150 1,500 1,880 3,000 4,750 11,000 32,400 66,000 102,000
1840-O ND 51 57 73 247 572 754 1,150 1,500 1,880 3,000 4,750 13,000 32,400 66,000 210,000
1840 Drapery 30 34 68 169 358 455 650 910 1,880 2,120 5,500 14,400 18,000 21,000 ——
1840-O Drapery 41 57 101 162 390 429 650 1,250 1,440 1,750 3,750 8,750 22,200 —— ——
1841 68 101 130 260 494 585 845 1,150 1,310 1,620 1,810 3,250 7,500 —— ——
1841-O 41 47 61 130 325 351 416 780 910 1,500 1,690 3,000 9,810 —— 67,200
1842 68 92 143 260 422 546 780 1,250 1,500 3,120 4,690 7,250 12,000 —— ——
1842-O Lg. Date 51 57 73 130 292 390 585 1,500 1,750 2,000 3,750 6,560 —— —— ——
1842-O Sm. Date 650 1,250 1,620 3,000 8,120 9,060 14,400 33,600 40,800 52,800 69,600 —— —— —— ——
1843 30 34 43 81 221 260 358 650 715 992 1,500 2,750 4,750 —— ——
1843-O 51 81 162 364 1,020 1,220 1,620 2,750 2,750 4,060 6,250 9,000 18,000 —— ——
1844 30 34 43 51 130 182 286 585 780 1,380 1,880 3,750 14,400 —— ——
1844-O 54 68 81 122 260 358 455 1,220 1,380 1,500 1,620 6,250 11,900 14,400 ——
1845 30 34 43 68 156 182 260 520 650 910 1,090 1,750 6,060 —— ——
1846 54 81 108 130 292 338 442 780 1,020 1,500 2,000 3,750 11,200 18,000 ——
1847 30 34 43 51 122 143 260 650 715 910 1,750 2,500 5,000 10,000 ——
1847-O 115 162 325 585 960 1,250 1,620 5,940 7,500 9,380 14,400 —— —— —— ——
1848 54 81 115 156 390 488 552 960 1,250 2,750 5,000 6,250 11,200 15,000 30,000
1849 30 34 43 81 122 234 325 780 1,020 1,250 1,500 4,440 9,500 —— ——
1849-O 1,440 2,060 3,000 3,500 7,120 7,500 8,000 16,800 18,000 19,500 21,600 30,000 —— —— ——
1850 34 54 101 130 260 390 650 1,060 1,750 2,500 3,120 3,750 12,600 15,000 31,200
1850-O 74 136 182 247 715 845 942 1,810 2,000 2,940 5,000 8,750 13,200 19,800 ——
1851 101 162 228 390 585 780 1,020 1,180 1,250 1,560 2,250 4,000 6,880 —— ——
1851-O 488 715 1,090 1,220 2,620 2,910 3,500 6,000 9,380 18,000 33,600 66,000 —— —— ——
1852 68 101 136 266 520 611 780 1,060 1,220 1,560 1,880 4,000 5,620 15,000 ——
1852-O 358 520 780 1,500 2,190 3,500 6,560 8,750 10,600 18,000 30,000 —— —— —— ——
1853 No Arrows 1,310 1,880 2,750 3,440 4,690 5,310 6,000 6,560 6,880 7,190 7,500 9,060 11,800 16,800 36,000
1853 Arr & Rays 35 43 49 81 208 273 377 858 1,150 1,500 1,720 3,250 8,440 20,200 84,000
1853/4 Arr & Rays 68 101 195 338 650 780 960 1,880 2,250 3,000 4,500 8,120 39,000 —— ——
1853-O Arr & Rays 51 68 101 162 422 585 1,020 3,120 4,380 7,500 10,000 19,200 24,000 39,000 ——
1854 Arrows 30 34 41 43 115 162 260 572 728 936 1,200 1,750 5,620 16,200 33,600
1854-O Arrows 51 57 68 88 130 195 325 845 1,020 1,590 1,750 3,750 16,800 26,400 33,600
1854-O Arr, Huge O 819 1,150 1,310 1,620 3,500 4,810 8,750 16,200 —— —— —— —— —— —— ——
1855 Arrows 30 34 41 43 115 162 260 572 728 936 1,200 1,750 5,000 16,200 33,600
1855-O Arrows 162 234 390 780 1,880 2,620 3,120 5,000 6,880 10,800 15,600 26,400 —— —— 72,000
1855-S Arrows 195 292 455 715 1,150 1,310 1,750 3,440 3,750 6,250 9,380 21,000 30,000 —— ——
1856 30 34 43 51 122 143 247 390 429 546 650 1,080 2,500 3,250 ——
1856-O 51 61 88 130 260 364 585 910 1,250 1,750 1,970 5,250 13,200 —— ——
1856-S 403 572 780 960 2,000 2,500 3,750 7,500 8,500 11,900 13,800 21,600 —— —— ——
1856-S/S 520 960 1,250 2,000 9,380 10,600 15,000 33,600 —— —— —— —— —— —— ——
1857 30 34 43 51 122 143 247 390 429 546 650 1,080 2,250 2,880 7,880
1857-O 51 65 101 162 292 325 520 1,090 1,250 1,880 2,500 5,620 —— —— ——
1857-S 338 520 650 845 1,250 1,500 2,120 4,380 4,750 6,250 9,380 12,600 —— —— ——
1858 30 34 43 51 122 143 247 390 429 546 650 1,080 2,250 4,380 7,880
1858-O 51 61 88 130 292 370 650 2,250 4,380 8,120 10,000 14,400 24,000 —— ——
1858-S 260 422 585 960 2,750 3,500 4,500 10,000 21,600 27,600 —— —— —— —— ——
1859 30 34 43 51 122 143 247 429 455 715 910 1,310 3,750 9,380 18,000
1859-O 61 88 115 169 325 585 1,150 2,000 2,750 5,940 7,500 11,200 24,000 —— ——
1859-S 455 624 960 1,380 4,250 6,880 10,900 36,000 —— —— —— —— —— —— ——
1860 30 34 43 51 128 150 260 474 546 682 1,020 1,560 5,000 11,900 20,400
1860-O 51 61 88 115 260 338 488 960 1,150 1,500 2,000 3,620 14,400 24,000 ——
1860-S 1,060 1,620 3,000 5,620 8,750 9,380 15,000 18,000 42,000 —— —— —— —— —— ——
1861 30 34 43 51 122 143 247 429 472 546 715 1,090 2,250 5,250 12,000
1861-S 715 960 1,250 2,500 4,690 6,880 10,000 22,200 —— —— —— —— —— —— ——
1862 35 41 54 81 143 176 260 520 598 819 960 1,220 2,700 2,880 15,000
1862-S 195 325 455 650 1,380 1,750 2,500 3,750 4,380 6,880 8,120 36,000 —— —— ——
1863 41 54 68 128 520 585 715 1,090 1,150 1,500 1,750 3,000 6,880 10,000 ——
1864 214 292 358 494 780 845 936 1,440 1,750 2,500 3,380 4,380 6,880 15,600 27,000
1864-S 1,090 1,250 1,500 2,190 5,310 6,250 7,500 10,600 14,400 19,200 21,000 25,800 —— —— ——
1865 101 130 228 403 520 618 845 1,090 1,440 1,690 1,880 5,000 12,000 —— ——
1865-S 260 325 455 878 1,090 1,220 1,250 3,750 4,060 5,940 6,880 11,900 24,000 66,000 ——
1866 780 1,090 1,250 1,440 1,620 1,710 1,880 2,120 2,440 2,690 2,840 3,250 10,000 15,000 ——

LIBERTY SEATED QUARTERS continued Collector's Price Guide (CPG®) Values powered by Greysheet (www.greysheet.com) ©2023
1866-S 585 960 1,440 1,620 2,500 2,810 3,120 4,380 6,250 9,750 15,000 21,000 36,000 90,000 ——
1867 422 650 845 1,090 1,500 1,620 1,880 2,310 2,500 3,440 4,060 8,750 14,400 24,000 ——
1867-S 650 1,020 1,250 1,560 3,000 3,560 8,750 10,600 11,200 13,200 14,400 16,800 —— —— 120,000
1868 260 358 455 520 812 858 1,090 1,750 1,880 3,000 3,750 5,000 8,750 17,400 ——
1868-S 130 195 325 780 910 1,500 1,880 4,000 5,000 7,500 9,380 11,900 15,000 23,400 72,000
1869 520 650 845 960 1,180 1,250 1,500 1,880 2,060 3,440 5,000 6,880 10,000 30,000 ——
1869-S 202 325 552 780 1,310 1,560 2,000 4,120 5,250 6,750 8,120 11,200 19,200 30,000 ——
1870 68 101 162 260 422 468 715 910 1,020 1,620 2,500 4,690 6,250 8,120 ——
1870-CC 9,120 13,800 21,600 27,600 57,600 78,000 156,000 252,000 —— —— —— —— —— —— ——
1871 54 81 115 162 325 377 468 728 780 1,250 1,620 3,750 5,620 7,500 30,000
1871-CC 10,600 15,600 21,600 36,000 57,600 66,000 79,200 120,000 138,000 174,000 228,000 336,000 480,000 —— ——
1871-S 910 1,310 2,000 2,500 4,000 4,620 5,000 6,250 8,120 10,000 11,200 13,800 21,000 36,000 ——
1872 68 101 176 234 422 455 585 812 1,500 2,060 2,500 4,000 6,250 11,900 19,200
1872-CC 2,250 2,810 5,000 11,200 16,200 18,000 21,600 42,000 69,600 103,200 —— —— —— —— ——
1872-S 2,500 2,810 3,750 5,000 10,600 11,600 12,000 16,800 19,200 26,400 31,200 36,000 48,000 66,000 100,800
1873 NA, Cl. 3 520 780 1,020 1,380 2,500 2,810 4,380 10,600 24,000 30,000 36,000 —— —— —— ——
1873 NA, Op. 3 101 130 195 292 390 468 585 812 1,250 1,750 2,310 2,940 6,250 8,750 ——
1873-CC NA (5 Known) —— —— —— —— 84,000 90,000 96,000 —— 180,000 —— 480,000 720,000 —— —— ——
1873 Arrows 30 34 47 94 182 260 436 845 878 1,060 1,150 1,440 2,880 9,380 30,000
1873-CC Arrows 6,250 10,500 13,800 19,200 26,400 38,400 66,000 102,000 114,000 144,000 180,000 288,000 384,000 —— ——
1873-S Arrows 101 130 182 260 455 533 682 1,500 1,880 3,120 4,380 8,120 15,000 —— ——
1874 Arrows 30 34 47 94 182 260 436 845 878 1,060 1,150 1,440 2,880 6,250 18,000
1874-S Arrows 31 38 57 101 260 364 488 878 878 1,060 1,150 1,440 2,880 3,560 15,000
1875 30 32 35 43 74 108 156 221 292 416 546 780 1,500 1,970 7,500
1875-CC 260 390 585 910 1,620 2,250 2,380 5,000 5,620 8,000 9,380 11,900 18,600 54,000 ——
1875-S 34 47 68 115 195 234 292 585 682 780 845 1,380 2,940 6,880 ——
1876 30 32 35 43 74 108 156 221 292 416 546 780 1,620 3,120 6,250
1876-CC 61 88 122 143 208 273 312 585 754 1,050 1,220 1,750 4,750 7,500 18,600
1876-S 30 32 41 43 74 108 156 221 292 416 546 845 1,440 3,000 ——
1877 30 32 35 43 74 108 156 221 292 416 546 780 1,180 1,970 4,810
1877-CC 61 88 122 143 195 247 338 488 598 858 1,500 1,720 2,750 4,250 14,400
1877-S 30 32 35 43 74 108 156 221 292 416 546 780 1,180 2,750 14,400
1877-S S/horiz S 34 47 81 195 325 416 585 754 1,150 1,440 1,620 2,250 3,250 11,900 19,200
1878 30 32 35 43 74 108 156 221 292 416 546 780 2,220 2,810 ——
1878-CC 61 74 88 130 273 325 390 780 910 1,090 1,440 1,750 3,190 5,000 21,600
1878-S 455 585 780 1,250 2,000 2,500 3,120 5,000 5,250 5,940 6,880 8,750 12,600 16,800 ——
1879 162 208 292 390 520 552 585 650 715 845 910 1,250 1,880 2,500 5,620
1880 162 208 292 416 552 585 618 715 748 845 910 1,250 2,380 3,380 6,560
1881 162 208 292 390 585 618 650 748 780 910 1,020 1,500 1,810 2,750 5,620
1882 162 208 292 390 520 552 585 650 715 845 910 1,380 2,120 2,810 5,620
1883 162 208 292 390 520 552 585 650 715 845 910 1,500 2,500 2,810 9,380
1884 228 260 358 390 520 552 585 650 715 845 910 1,310 2,060 3,250 6,560
1885 162 195 260 390 520 552 585 650 715 864 942 1,500 2,500 2,880 7,190
1886 292 358 488 585 780 845 960 1,020 1,090 1,170 1,220 1,750 2,380 4,380 8,750
1887 195 260 325 422 618 650 715 884 960 1,150 1,220 1,440 2,560 3,250 5,940
1888 234 292 338 429 572 624 682 858 910 1,090 1,220 1,380 2,250 2,880 4,750
1888-S 30 32 35 43 74 108 208 358 390 585 780 1,620 2,500 6,880 24,000
1889 162 208 292 358 422 455 520 650 812 960 1,220 1,380 2,250 2,620 5,620
1890 130 162 195 260 292 312 358 618 702 780 845 1,220 1,880 2,500 4,060
1891 30 32 35 43 74 108 156 221 292 416 546 780 1,380 2,250 4,500
1891-O 390 650 1,090 1,560 2,750 3,250 3,750 5,620 8,120 11,900 13,200 21,600 31,200 —— ——
1891-S 30 32 35 43 74 108 195 338 390 468 585 910 1,310 3,750 18,000
BARBER QUARTERS CPG® pricing isn’t the whole story. Contact your favorite ANA-member dealer to understand market values.
1892 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,090 2,380
1892-O 16.20 22.95 47.25 68.00 108 134 195 273 344 416 520 780 1,500 3,250 14,400
1892-S 33.75 65.00 101.00 150.00 240 318 488 682 715 819 1,080 2,120 3,380 7,880 24,000
1893 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 358 500 715 960 2,250 12,000
1893-O 13.50 17.55 37.80 65.00 128 143 195 260 325 422 520 618 1,500 3,000 10,000
1893-S 21.60 40.50 81.00 130.00 195 247 351 429 488 780 1,150 2,000 4,380 5,380 20,400
1894 13.50 17.55 33.75 51.00 94 115 150 221 260 344 455 650 1,220 2,750 8,120
1894-O 13.84 18.90 47.25 88.00 143 169 221 286 312 448 650 845 2,000 5,000 12,000
1894-S 13.84 14.85 37.80 74.00 162 185 228 273 299 442 618 845 2,060 4,380 14,400
1895 13.84 14.85 31.05 40.50 81 101 136 260 292 358 455 585 1,380 2,060 6,000
1895-O 14.85 21.60 47.25 81.00 143 169 234 364 422 682 992 1,310 2,060 6,250 13,200
1895-S 21.60 40.50 88.00 130.00 188 224 292 370 422 670 1,020 1,750 3,000 5,620 14,400
1896 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 552 845 2,750 7,500
1896-O 68.00 108.00 208.00 325.00 650 780 1,020 1,150 1,220 1,500 2,120 3,310 5,750 8,120 28,200
1896-S 702.00 1,380.00 2,250.00 3,620.00 5,250 5,750 7,190 12,000 14,400 16,200 20,400 23,100 48,600 108,000 138,000
1897 12.49 14.85 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 377 422 845 2,620 7,000
1897-O 47.25 94.00 228.00 416.00 552 682 845 1,380 1,440 1,880 2,250 3,000 3,750 10,000 15,600
1897-S 122.00 169.00 325.00 650.00 845 960 1,250 1,690 1,750 2,190 3,120 4,380 7,190 9,380 24,000
1898 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 2,120 5,620
1898-O 16.20 33.75 94.00 156.00 299 373 488 748 942 1,280 1,620 2,620 5,000 12,000 26,400
1898-S 14.85 24.30 54.00 101.00 234 286 468 960 1,310 1,940 2,750 4,500 7,750 10,500 19,800
1899 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,440 11,200
1899-O 13.50 22.95 40.50 74.00 143 182 228 390 520 624 819 1,310 2,750 6,250 12,000
1899-S 32.40 49.95 115.00 169.00 195 260 390 998 1,250 1,620 2,250 3,000 4,380 5,380 6,250
1900 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 1,250 1,750 11,200
1900-O 16.20 31.05 88.00 128.00 176 257 422 624 748 858 936 1,380 2,810 3,620 14,400
1900-S 12.49 18.90 27.00 54.00 128 169 286 650 715 942 1,310 2,250 3,000 6,250 9,750
1901 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 338 390 488 1,020 1,440 10,600
1901-O 61.00 101.00 221.00 429.00 878 942 1,310 1,810 2,000 2,310 2,750 3,750 7,500 12,000 24,000
1901-S 4,250.00 10,500.00 14,700.00 20,400.00 31,200 32,400 34,200 48,000 50,400 55,200 60,000 67,200 79,200 115,200 168,000
1902 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 377 455 910 2,000 9,380
1902-O 12.49 20.25 40.50 88.00 150 195 260 520 585 910 992 1,500 3,120 6,880 18,000
1902-S 14.85 24.30 43.20 94.00 162 202 292 520 618 780 992 1,380 3,120 6,000 18,000
1903 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 351 488 715 1,750 4,000 11,900
1903-O 12.49 20.25 29.70 68.00 130 169 247 442 520 682 992 1,220 3,120 4,880 31,200
1903-S 16.20 25.65 45.90 94.00 150 195 273 585 650 845 1,220 2,060 2,500 4,500 16,800
1904 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 240 273 390 520 650 1,380 2,380 9,380
1904-O 32.40 43.20 101.00 169.00 234 325 390 780 960 1,140 1,250 1,620 3,750 4,380 12,000
1905 20.25 29.70 51.00 68.00 74 97 136 214 260 338 455 500 910 1,500 6,880
1905-O 48.60 74.00 143.00 247.00 338 377 422 960 1,020 1,310 1,620 2,500 4,620 6,750 18,000
1905-S 27.00 40.50 92.00 122.00 150 182 234 585 650 992 1,310 1,810 4,000 6,250 13,200

BARBER QUARTERS continued Collector's Price Guide (CPG®) Values powered by Greysheet (www.greysheet.com) ©2023
1906 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 448 936 1,340 8,750
1906-D 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 332 396 715 1,560 3,750 6,880
1906-O 12.49 18.90 40.50 62.00 122 143 195 247 280 377 520 960 1,220 2,190 5,000
1907 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,200 6,250
1907-D 12.49 13.50 27.00 51.00 78 124 208 318 390 520 715 1,060 2,190 6,440 24,000
1907-O 12.49 13.50 18.90 40.50 68 101 136 228 260 358 500 748 1,380 1,880 7,190
1907-S 12.49 21.60 47.25 81.00 176 202 286 474 585 960 1,380 2,310 3,120 5,000 13,200
1908 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,090 8,750
1908-D 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,690 13,800
1908-O 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 390 520 845 1,500 10,000
1908-S 48.60 81.00 143.00 169.00 358 448 585 992 1,020 1,120 1,250 1,560 3,120 5,620 12,000
1909 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,220 6,880
1909-D 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 741 1,500 6,880
1909-O 73.00 208.00 598.00 1,020.00 2,750 3,250 4,000 4,880 5,250 5,750 6,120 6,560 8,750 21,600 33,600
1909-S 12.49 18.90 37.80 57.00 94 136 228 325 390 533 845 1,250 1,750 3,750 12,000
1910 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,690 6,250
1910-D 13.84 18.90 47.25 74.00 130 169 260 422 455 598 780 1,150 1,620 2,310 6,250
1911 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,620 7,500
1911-D 24.30 47.25 169.00 325.00 488 552 682 852 956 1,020 1,220 1,560 3,880 9,380 24,000
1911-S 12.49 21.60 43.20 81.00 195 228 312 455 520 650 715 1,150 1,440 2,250 6,250
1912 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,090 12,000
1912-S 20.25 27.00 68.00 108.00 130 176 260 455 520 624 910 1,250 1,880 2,750 6,560
1913 40.50 70.00 130.00 208.00 429 507 572 780 812 884 960 1,220 2,250 6,880 21,600
1913-D 13.84 14.85 37.80 58.00 94 128 176 306 390 455 650 780 910 2,250 6,750
1913-S 1,440.00 2,620.00 4,940.00 7,880.00 12,000 12,600 13,800 15,800 16,800 18,300 20,100 22,800 31,200 39,600 72,000
1914 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,380 7,500
1914-D 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,090 5,620
1914-S 122.00 182.00 468.00 650.00 1,090 1,250 1,440 1,940 2,060 2,750 3,120 3,750 5,940 8,750 22,800
1915 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,220 8,120
1915-D 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,090 6,250
1915-S 29.70 45.90 68.00 94.00 115 139 208 266 299 377 494 715 1,250 2,250 8,750
1916 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,090 6,250
1916-D 12.49 13.50 18.90 29.70 61 88 136 214 260 299 344 384 676 1,090 2,380
STANDING LIBERTY QUARTERS Want more pricing in real time? Subscribe today @ www.greysheet.com
1916 4,380.00 5,750.00 6,560.00 7,500.00 10,000 10,000 11,300 12,000 12,300 13,800 16,300 18,000 20,400 26,400 37,200 50,400
1917 Ty. 1 24.30 51.00 68.00 101.00 150 162 182 214 247 260 299 377 488 748 1,090 2,810
1917-D Ty. 1 27.00 74.00 97.00 122.00 156 182 247 266 286 325 364 442 552 845 1,180 3,440
1917-S Ty. 1 33.75 84.00 115.00 156.00 195 247 292 312 325 358 403 442 630 1,150 1,940 5,000
1917 Ty. 2 21.60 47.25 57.00 68.00 108 122 136 150 169 208 240 312 410 572 910 3,120
1917-D Ty. 2 45.90 72.00 108.00 142.00 162 182 214 234 247 280 325 377 540 1,310 2,000 6,250
1917-S Ty. 2 41.85 70.00 104.00 130.00 166 169 208 234 260 286 351 416 572 1,250 1,560 6,250
1918 16.20 24.30 29.70 36.45 51 61 89 111 143 176 250 307 415 650 1,150 3,620
1918-D 24.30 43.20 77.00 105.00 143 156 195 221 247 286 344 410 618 1,500 2,500 4,690
1918-S 17.55 20.25 31.05 39.15 101 122 156 208 234 260 312 390 780 1,500 2,500 4,690
1918/7-S 1,560.00 2,490.00 3,190.00 3,880.00 6,750 8,500 10,000 12,000 16,800 19,200 22,200 26,400 38,400 90,000 120,000 162,000
1919 35.10 54.00 65.00 74.00 88 108 128 143 143 195 247 312 410 540 1,220 2,500
1919-D 88.00 143.00 228.00 442.00 682 748 960 1,060 1,220 1,380 1,880 2,250 2,940 4,380 6,000 10,000
1919-S 81.00 130.00 208.00 422.00 715 812 1,020 1,310 1,620 2,380 3,000 3,250 5,500 10,000 11,900 19,800
1920 16.20 20.25 24.30 37.80 54 68 103 111 143 195 247 312 410 540 780 3,120
1920-D 122.00 130.00 162.00 195.00 247 280 344 390 494 682 960 1,180 1,500 2,250 3,250 6,000
1920-S 17.55 24.30 28.35 36.45 81 122 214 286 364 455 780 1,130 1,500 3,000 5,620 10,600
1921 169.00 195.00 344.00 546.00 780 897 1,060 1,250 1,380 1,620 1,940 2,060 2,310 2,750 3,620 9,000
1923 16.20 20.25 33.75 40.50 57 68 103 124 143 195 247 312 410 507 715 1,470
1923-S 312.00 468.00 650.00 858.00 1,500 1,750 2,250 2,440 2,620 2,880 3,500 3,880 4,120 4,560 6,000 8,750
1924 16.20 20.25 24.30 36.45 49 68 115 130 143 195 247 312 410 507 1,020 2,500
1924-D 54.00 68.00 108.00 136.00 202 214 240 260 273 286 358 390 422 532 715 1,620
1924-S 27.00 33.75 45.90 74.00 162 208 286 364 468 520 748 1,050 1,880 2,310 3,000 8,120
1925 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 176 228 280 377 507 715 3,500
1926 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 176 228 280 377 507 715 4,060
1926-D 12.15 17.55 27.00 48.60 101 122 136 150 156 195 247 312 410 507 910 4,060
1926-S 9.45 10.13 17.55 45.90 116 130 221 358 455 520 780 1,250 1,880 2,500 3,750 10,000
1927 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 176 228 280 377 559 845 2,310
1927-D 17.55 22.95 33.75 81.00 182 234 273 312 338 364 403 429 520 650 992 11,200
1927-S 58.00 82.00 143.00 312.00 1,020 1,500 2,380 4,250 5,750 6,250 8,000 10,500 13,200 16,200 18,600 33,600
1928 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 176 228 280 377 507 715 1,250
1928-D 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 176 228 280 377 507 715 2,000
1928-S 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 176 228 280 377 507 715 1,250
1929 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 176 228 280 377 507 715 1,250
1929-D 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 176 228 280 377 507 715 5,620
1929-S 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 195 247 312 410 507 715 1,250
1930 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 176 228 280 377 507 715 1,250
1930-S 9.45 10.13 12.15 16.20 41 61 89 111 143 176 228 280 377 507 715 1,250
WASHINGTON QUARTERS (1932—1964) CPG® pricing isn’t the whole story. Contact your favorite ANA-member dealer to understand market values.
CPG® Value G4 VG8 F12 VF20 XF40 AU50 AU58 MS60 MS63 MS64 MS65 MS66 MS67 MS68
1932 7.48 7.48 9.45 10.46 11.48 16.20 20.25 32.40 57.00 88.00 273.00 819.00 8,500.00 ——
1932-D 88.00 94.00 108.00 136.00 202.00 312.00 748.00 998.00 1,650.00 2,620.00 10,900.00 90,000.00 —— ——
1932-S 81.00 88.00 101.00 115.00 128.00 195.00 344.00 403.00 598.00 1,020.00 2,750.00 42,000.00 —— ——
1934 Lt. Motto 7.76 8.10 8.78 11.48 14.85 22.95 28.35 47.25 61.00 92.00 176.00 370.00 1,750.00 ——
1934 Med. Motto 7.76 8.10 8.78 10.13 11.48 12.15 14.85 27.00 40.50 54.00 94.00 156.00 598.00 7,500.00
1934 Heavy Motto 7.48 7.48 9.45 12.15 17.55 27.00 32.40 49.95 61.00 101.00 169.00 455.00 2,810.00 ——
1934 DDO 33.75 54.00 81.00 122.00 195.00 325.00 533.00 845.00 1,090.00 1,750.00 2,690.00 5,620.00 —— ——
1934-D Med. Motto 6.80 6.80 12.15 20.25 33.75 108.00 143.00 195.00 312.00 344.00 468.00 960.00 5,940.00 ——
1934-D Heavy Motto 8.10 9.45 13.50 24.30 40.50 122.00 156.00 208.00 325.00 358.00 650.00 1,090.00 13,800.00 ——
1935 6.80 6.80 7.48 9.79 11.48 13.50 17.55 20.25 32.40 48.60 74.00 119.00 312.00 6,500.00
1935-D 6.80 6.80 10.80 17.55 37.80 128.00 182.00 221.00 286.00 312.00 429.00 520.00 1,440.00 ——
1935-S 7.76 8.10 8.78 11.48 18.90 37.80 68.00 101.00 115.00 128.00 202.00 364.00 845.00 ——
1936 6.80 6.80 7.48 9.79 12.83 16.20 21.60 27.00 33.75 40.50 88.00 115.00 344.00 ——
1936 DDO FS-101 —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— 1,380.00 1,620.00 2,000.00 3,250.00 —— ——
1936-D 6.80 7.48 10.80 30.38 68.00 162.00 442.00 637.00 702.00 780.00 973.00 1,150.00 3,250.00 ——
1936-S 6.80 6.80 7.48 11.48 18.90 51.00 81.00 113.00 136.00 143.00 260.00 338.00 960.00 30,000.00
1937 7.76 8.10 8.78 10.80 20.25 29.70 37.80 40.50 43.20 47.25 108.00 162.00 455.00 8,120.00
1937 DDO 130.00 182.00 228.00 358.00 500.00 780.00 1,500.00 1,880.00 2,810.00 4,380.00 7,500.00 22,200.00 —— ——

WASHINGTON QUARTERS (1932—1964) continued Collector's Price Guide (CPG®) Values powered by Greysheet (www.greysheet.com) ©2023
CPG® Value G4 VG8 F12 VF20 XF40 AU50 AU58 MS60 MS63 MS64 MS65 MS66 MS67 MS68
1937-D 7.76 8.10 8.78 12.15 22.95 32.40 43.20 74.00 88.00 108.00 130.00 273.00 715.00 ——
1937-S 6.80 6.80 10.80 18.90 33.75 94.00 128.00 169.00 254.00 280.00 364.00 390.00 1,880.00 ——
1938 6.80 6.80 7.48 10.46 24.30 47.25 81.00 115.00 136.00 162.00 208.00 312.00 618.00 16,800.00
1938-S 6.80 6.80 7.48 10.80 28.35 54.00 74.00 86.00 136.00 143.00 182.00 260.00 650.00 ——
1939 6.80 6.80 7.48 9.79 10.13 12.15 13.50 24.30 25.65 33.75 68.00 88.00 228.00 2,620.00
1939-D 8.10 8.44 8.78 10.46 13.50 22.95 40.50 44.55 57.00 74.00 94.00 136.00 520.00 15,600.00
1939-S 6.80 6.80 7.48 12.15 27.00 61.00 81.00 94.00 182.00 234.00 273.00 364.00 728.00 ——
1940 6.80 6.80 7.48 9.79 12.15 14.85 20.25 32.40 33.75 43.20 54.00 74.00 182.00 7,190.00
1940-D 7.76 8.10 8.78 16.20 40.50 88.00 128.00 143.00 176.00 228.00 260.00 358.00 650.00 ——
1940-S 7.76 8.10 8.78 10.13 13.50 20.25 22.95 36.45 51.00 54.00 65.00 122.00 364.00 11,900.00
1941 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 8.78 10.80 16.20 19.58 36.45 74.00 260.00 10,000.00
1941-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 14.85 24.30 47.25 58.00 65.00 73.00 115.00 585.00 11,200.00
1941-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 12.15 24.30 40.50 54.00 57.00 65.00 101.00 422.00 14,400.00
1942 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 8.78 10.80 11.48 13.50 29.70 115.00 494.00 ——
1942-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 10.80 21.60 22.95 25.65 40.50 81.00 488.00 8,750.00
1942-D DDR, FS-801 —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— 845.00 1,250.00 5,620.00 —— ——
1942-D DDO, FS-101 68.00 74.00 101.00 143.00 273.00 552.00 960.00 1,500.00 2,690.00 6,880.00 8,750.00 —— —— ——
1942-S 6.80 6.80 8.10 9.45 12.15 21.60 29.70 74.00 88.00 94.00 108.00 128.00 390.00 6,250.00
1943 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 8.10 9.45 11.14 14.85 43.20 81.00 260.00 4,690.00
1943 DDO FS-103 325.00 455.00 1,120.00 1,880.00 3,120.00 4,380.00 5,620.00 6,250.00 9,380.00 11,900.00 13,800.00 16,800.00 24,000.00 ——
1943-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 10.80 17.55 24.30 31.05 45.90 49.95 54.00 74.00 338.00 12,000.00
1943-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 8.10 13.50 24.30 40.50 48.60 51.00 61.00 108.00 468.00 14,400.00
1943-S DDO 40.50 68.00 101.00 150.00 208.00 292.00 390.00 585.00 845.00 936.00 1,560.00 2,000.00 12,000.00 ——
1944 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 8.10 9.45 11.14 14.85 29.70 54.00 208.00 11,200.00
1944-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 10.80 13.50 20.25 22.95 41.85 68.00 234.00 8,120.00
1944-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 10.80 13.50 20.25 22.95 32.40 68.00 240.00 8,120.00
1945 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.78 9.45 9.79 11.14 14.85 36.45 74.00 455.00 8,750.00
1945-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.78 9.45 9.79 27.00 31.05 35.10 61.00 520.00 16,800.00
1945-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.78 9.45 9.79 13.50 20.25 33.75 68.00 338.00 ——
1946 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 8.10 9.45 11.81 16.20 37.80 74.00 845.00 ——
1946-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 8.10 9.45 13.50 21.60 29.70 41.00 221.00 ——
1946-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 8.10 9.45 11.14 18.90 32.40 61.00 234.00 7,000.00
1947 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.14 9.45 20.25 27.00 32.40 61.00 260.00 30,000.00
1947-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.14 9.45 17.55 20.25 37.80 47.00 150.00 ——
1947-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.14 9.45 16.20 20.25 24.30 47.00 156.00 8,750.00
1948 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.14 9.45 11.14 17.55 24.30 54.00 150.00 ——
1948-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.14 9.45 18.90 27.00 35.10 54.00 312.00 3,750.00
1948-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.14 9.45 12.15 20.25 44.55 81.00 234.00 13,200.00
1949 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 10.80 16.20 27.00 37.80 45.90 54.00 61.00 94.00 234.00 5,000.00
1949-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 10.80 13.50 16.20 18.90 35.10 40.50 43.20 94.00 240.00 10,600.00
1950 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 11.14 16.20 24.30 33.75 54.00 292.00 ——
1950-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 20.25 29.70 40.50 74.00 325.00 ——
1950-D/S 47.25 54.00 61.00 88.00 122.00 162.00 202.00 247.00 780.00 1,250.00 3,000.00 5,000.00 24,000.00 ——
1950-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 14.85 24.30 36.45 61.00 260.00 5,000.00
1950-S/D 54.00 61.00 68.00 122.00 214.00 292.00 338.00 390.00 488.00 618.00 1,310.00 1,880.00 7,500.00 ——
1951 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 10.80 20.25 33.75 54.00 176.00 3,120.00
1951-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 10.80 24.30 33.75 61.00 273.00 10,500.00
1951-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 21.94 29.70 37.80 54.00 130.00 7,500.00
1952 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 13.50 24.30 33.75 68.00 143.00 ——
1952-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 10.80 18.90 29.70 84.00 1,100.00 ——
1952-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 10.80 20.25 29.70 40.50 61.00 156.00 3,880.00
1953 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 11.81 17.55 24.30 61.00 228.00 ——
1953-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 13.50 24.30 33.75 68.00 618.00 ——
1953-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 9.45 10.80 17.55 27.00 54.00 176.00 2,500.00
1954 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 16.20 38.00 208.00 11,200.00
1954-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 9.45 17.55 24.30 61.00 845.00 ——
1954-S 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 8.10 9.45 14.85 20.25 47.00 234.00 10,600.00
1955 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 14.85 29.70 54.00 390.00 ——
1955-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 12.15 33.75 81.00 10,600.00 ——
1956 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 16.20 34.00 88.00 ——
1956-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 20.25 54.00 552.00 ——
1957 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 16.20 34.00 88.00 2,000.00
1957-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 16.20 28.35 47.00 130.00 10,000.00
1958 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 16.20 34.00 88.00 ——
1958-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 16.20 29.70 41.00 136.00 5,380.00
1959 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 16.20 43.00 858.00 ——
1959-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 18.90 74.00 682.00 ——
1960 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 16.20 47.00 910.00 ——
1960-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 21.60 51.00 2,000.00 ——
1961 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 24.30 59.00 2,500.00 ——
1961-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 29.70 81.00 3,500.00 ——
1962 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 29.70 47.00 1,750.00 ——
1962-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 27.00 74.00 3,250.00 ——
1963 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 27.00 47.00 682.00 ——
1963-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 27.00 74.00 858.00 24,000.00
1964 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 27.00 54.00 715.00 ——
1964-D 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.80 6.94 7.07 8.42 24.30 54.00 468.00 36,000.00
Welcome to the Collector’s Price Guide (CPG ®) values. CPG ® values are based directly on the same Greysheet wholesale “Bid” values that
coin dealers have relied upon since 1963. We will publish these values in rotation here in The Numismatist. Pricing is updated online, every
4 hours at www.greysheet.com. We also offer a free smartphone app. Details on our website.
THE CDN FAMILY OF PUBLICATIONS

President/CEO, CDN Publishing ........................John Feigenbaum
SUBSCRIBE TODAY!
VP of Development & Content .............................Patrick Ian Perez
VP of Operations & Advertising ....................................Billie Blattel
WWW.GREYSHEET.COM
Production Manager ........................................................... Sam Crow
Administration/Mailing Director.................................Amber Perez
(757) 656-1055
Administration .............................Colleen Benkovitz & Willis Chen
Vice President, CDN Exchange............................... Amanda Blattel
Accounting ........................................................Rachael Feigenbaum
CDN PUBLISHING
1072 LASKIN ROAD, SUITE 202
VIRGINIA BEACH, VA 23451

MARCH 2023
Advertisers Volume 136, Number 3
Albuquerque Coin Club . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 International Money Expo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 The Numismatist (Pub. No. 399-
Abbott’s Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Kagin’s, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 960, ISSN 0029-6090) is published
monthly by the American Numis-
American Philatelic Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Lange, David . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 78
matic Association, 818 North Cas-
ANA Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Leidman, Julian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 cade Avenue, Colorado Springs, CO
ANA Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Lipton, Kevin, Rare Coins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 80903-3279. Periodicals postage is
paid at Colorado Springs, Colorado,
ANA General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84, 88 MingFeng Packaging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
and at additional mailing offices.
ANA Heath Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47, 68 Northern Nevada Coin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 POSTMASTER: Send address
ANA Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 NumisCorner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 changes to Numismatist, 818 North
Cascade Avenue, Colorado Springs,
ANA Membership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 103 Numismatic Financial Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
CO 80903-3279. (In Canada: Nu-
ANA Museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87, 88, 90 Numismatic Guaranty Company (NGC) . . 2, 87 mismatist, Station A, P.O. Box 54,
ANA National Coin Week . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Numismatica Ars Classica USA . . . . . . . . . . 80 Windsor, Ontario N9A 6J5.)
ANA Summer Seminar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Numismatik Lanz München . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
ANA Website . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 88 PWCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
APR-57 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 The Royal Mint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
BankNote World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 S.G. Rare Coins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Berk, Harlan J., Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Shapiro, Larry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
California Numismatic Investments, Inc. . . . 13 Stack’s Bowers Galleries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IFC
Classical Numismatic Group (CNG) . . . . . . . 10 Steinberg’s, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Cohen, James H., & Sons, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Stockton, Allen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Coin & Bullion Reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Sullivan Numismatics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Coin Dealer Newsletter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Tangible Investments, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Colony Coin Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Teller, M. Louis, Numismatic Co. . . . . . . . . 69
Early Cents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 U.S. Coins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IBC
Golden Eagle Coin & Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 unitedstatespapermoney.com . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
GreatCollections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Whitman Publishing, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Heritage Auctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OBC Youngerman, William . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Intaglio Industries, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Humor Jerry Cestkowski ANA 3133554
COINTERNET
Be an Information Age sage.
T he books and magazines we

have long relied on for numis-
matic education have been
joined in the last two decades
by information sources on the In-
sembled. High-resolution images
of filthy, worn, and damaged coins
and bills showcase pitiful attempts
at collecting. See the Awful Col-
lection, featuring six unidentifiable
ters will make a rare but dirty, old
dime shine like a mirror? Seri-
ously, it will burn off all the design
elements and leave you with a
smooth, reflective disc. You may
ternet. These include websites, dimes. View the Miserable Collec- drink the cleaner to calm your
P H OTOS : GE T TY I M AG E S /D E LI H A Y A T ( M AN ) & RA DI ON P HOTO ( TABLE) ; & STACK’S BOW ER S GALLER IES ( COIN) W ITH MODIFICATIONS BY OLIVIA MCCO MMONS
blogs, podcasts, apps, and more. tion, comprised of the ashes of a nerves afterward.
Here is a sampling of the hobby’s dollar bill that was used to light a Online medicine has become a
top virtual resources. cigar. Or pay homage to the Horri- big business, and doctors can di-
The Odds Calculator app com- ble Collection, consisting of one agnose and treat many ailments
putes your chances of making a heavily damaged 1990 cent cov- remotely. Likewise, Internet coin
wise purchase based on data you ered in petrified syrup. grading is available in two forms.
enter about the type of coin you Cointradictory is a weekly pod- With the first, you describe your
are considering buying, its condi- cast featuring guests who lament coin via text message to an expe-
tion, and your level of knowledge. the hardships of coin collecting rienced professional coin evalua-
For example, if the coin is a matte- while simultaneously praising the tor. It is crucial you use descrip-
proof 1909-S VDB Lincoln cent hobby. Learn how to grade your tors like “completely flawless”
and you don’t know what a matte own coins while the host whines and “absolutely perfect” to get
proof is, your odds of success are about “gradeflation.” Study coun- the highest grades. In the second
only about 10 percent. If you don’t terfeit detection as you are re- kind of online grading, you hold
know what a cent is, your odds are minded that some counterfeits fool your coin up to your computer’s
even worse. experts with decades of experi- camera and the grader examines
Go to areyoucrazy.com and click ence. Hear about fabulous collec- it. With this method, you should
on an image of your favorite coin. tions that you could never afford keep the coin in motion to blur
Permanent Forehead Coin Tattoos, even one coin from. Equivocation any flaws.
Inc. will send you an embossed never felt so good/bad! Thanks to improved quality
stamp of that very coin with in- Goaheadandcleanitandprobably control at the U.S. Mint, major
structions on how to heat the stamp ruinit.com is a website that show- doubled-die errors are a thing of
and apply it to your face. A free cases homemade coin cleaners the past. Doubleddiedareyou.com
wooden stick to bite down on is and methods you might not have focuses on barely perceptible dou-
included with every order. thought of. Did you know a mix- bling of the elements on late-date
Useful Stuff for Numismatists ture of lime juice, vodka, and bit- coins. “Focus” is the key term
is a website offering “life hacks” here, as electron microscopy is
for every collecting situation. needed to ferret out today’s dou-
Find recipes for album hole-filler bling errors. A weekly contest
spackle in both Whitman blue asks visitors to the site to find the
and Dansco brown. Learn doubling in a featured image of a
how to crack out a slabbed coin. (There is no doubling, but
coin with a sledgeham- all contestants see some any-
mer without harming the way. No one gets any prizes.)
coin much. Master the Using modern technology,
art of carefully folding anybody can become an ex-
paper money so it ap- pert in any aspect of nu-
pears that the serial mismatics, with the ca-
numbers are mismatched. veat that they aren’t
Registryskidrow.com really an expert.
focuses on the worst [email protected]
collections ever as-
10
1
104
04
0 4 T
T he
he
h e NUMI
NUM
MIS
MI SMATI
IIS
SMMAT
MA I ST
A T IS
AT IST
ST
S T || m
m on
on
o ne
e y.or
ne y.o
y. orr g
g MA
M AR
RCCH
H 2
2002
233
Richard Duncan ANA LM 3601

The Numismatist - Março-2023

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Numismatist - Março-2023

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Numismatist - Março-2023

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MUSEUM TRIPS ◾ COIN HUNTING GROUNDS ◾ MODERN MEDALS

The Sydney F. Martin

Exceptional (1659) Lord Baltimore Maryland Denarium

The Middle Colonies Sale

Record prices for Bullion & Generic Coins - Here’s a Sample!

Silver Eagles Silver Rounds 90% Silver

U.S.Gold – Strongest Buyers Anywhere! VF undamaged

$20 Liberty & Territorial PanPac

Remarkable Performance. Personalized Transactions.

M AR C H 2 02 3 for collectors of coins, medals, tokens & paper money

MARCH 2023 mo n ey . o r g | T h e N U M I S M ATIST 3

Sell Your Coins with

Find out more at royalmint.com/auction

4 T he NUMI SMATI ST | m on e y.or g MARCH 2023

9 FROM YOUR PRESIDENT 55 ANCIENT &

23 NEWS & NOTES

MARCH 2023 mo n ey . o r g | T h e N U M I S M ATIST 5

Joseph E. Boling, Vice President

85 EARLY AMERICAN MONEY

Charles Morgan, Governor

Shanna Schmidt, Governor

The American Numismatic Association (ANA), a nonproﬁt, IInternet “

THE NUMISMATIST MAGAZINE

EVENTS & EDUCATIONAL Email Ŏu;tbu;7=ouoѲ7l;l0;uv_brŏ

ADVENTURES including seminars, workshops Phone

EXCLUSIVE MEMBER DISCOUNTS -u7l0;u rĺ -|;

  + |o|_;-m7v;m7b|_-rrѴb1-ঞom|oĹ

P HOTOS: R ALP H R OSS ( NY INC) & R OBER T B. KELLEY

sets a new world record for a

EMAIL & WEBSITE

Classical Numismatic Group, LLC (PA License Number AY002406)

P HOTO: DANIEL BAUMBACH

AMERICAN NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION

12 T he NUMI SMATI ST | m on e y.or g MARCH 2023

MARCH 2023 mo n ey . o r g | T h e N U M I S M ATIST 13

AVAILABLE APRIL 2023

MORE PHOTOS, MORE VALUES,

MARY COUNTS ANA 1206512

14 T he NUMI SMATI ST | m on e y.or g MARCH 2023

FORGOTTEN DOUBLE EAGLE

T here is nothing in the world like

P HO TO S: P CGS COINFACTS ( COINS) & GETTY IMAGES/LASAGNAFOR ONE

MARCH 2023 mo n ey . o r g | T h e N U M I S M ATIST 17

Don’t miss the biggest stamp collecting show of the year!

C an a person choose a collecting

MARCH 2023 mo n ey . o r g | T h e N U M I S M ATIST 19

20 T he NUMI SMATI ST | m on e y.or g MARCH 2023

T he objective of this column is

P HOTO: R OBER T B. KELLEY

MARCH 2023 mo n ey . o r g | T h e N U M I S M ATIST 21

VOLUME 136 • No. 3

NEW SPAPERWO MAN

Kit Coleman FAN-STASH-TIC No Actual

Canadian journalist commemorated. Roman coin hoard discovered in Britain.

i The Royal Canadian Mint will recognize

P HOTO: THE TR USTEES OF THE BR ITISH MUSEUM

NEW AWAR D nize excellent articles published

the organization’s newsletter. ttro

MARCH 2023 mo n ey . o r g | T h e N U M I S M ATIST 23

24 T he NUMI SMATI ST | m on e y.or g MARCH 2023

EVENTS & EDUCATIONAL Email Ŏu;tbu;7=ouoѲ7l;l0;uv_brŏ

EXCLUSIVE MEMBER DISCOUNTS -u7l0;u rĺ -|;

+ |o|_;-m7v;m7b|_-rrѴb1-ঞom|oĹ

# "¬# #!¬$ Unknown¬c. 1814