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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
In the area of online discourse known as social media, people are creating stuff, sharing
it, bookmarking it, and networking at a phenomenal rate. Social media is quickly transforming
society due to its accessibility, speed, and reach. Defining agendas and trends in public debate on
a variety of subjects, from politics and the environment to technology and the entertainment
sector (Asur, S. & Huberman, B. A., 2010).
It was also stated by Dwivedi, Y. K., et al., (2018) that academics from many disciplines
will find the profound alteration of communication made possible by social media to be a
fascinating environment. People frequently use smart devices to read and post to their social
media accounts; some even prefer utilizing social media for communication over in-person
interactions. However, communicating on social media may be more difficult given how difficult
it can be to recognize and understand emotions.
Moreover, social media platforms have made it possible for people to freely and publicly
communicate their thoughts, experiences, and opinions online in recent years. Nevertheless,
depending on how people utilize them, social media platforms can have both beneficial and
harmful effects. And one of the major issues that social networking platforms face, particularly
among teenagers, is cyberbullying (Singh, S., et al., 2020). Whereas, bullying is an aggressive
behavior pattern in which an individual deliberately causes pain or injury to another person on a
regular basis. Physical contact, verbal abuse, or more subdued acts can all be considered forms of
bullying (American Psychological Association, 2003).
Recently, media coverage and political action have focused heavily on cyberbullying,
“an aggressive, intentional act or behavior carried out by a group or an individual, using
electronic forms of contact, repeatedly and over time, against a recipient who is unable to defend
him/herself.” It gives individuals the ability to carry out face-to-face bullying in an online setting
where actions can have immediate, widespread, and permanent effects. And bullies may be able
to maintain a higher degree of anonymity than in face-to-face encounters, and there is concern
that the Intensity of cyberbullying is greater than that of traditional bullying because of these
variables (Hamm, M. P., et al., 2015).
Furthermore, it is a serious public issue that raises the risk of mental health problems,
such as psychological and developmental troubles or suicidal thoughts. There is disagreement
among experts, meanwhile, regarding the prevalence and description of cyberbullying as well as
techniques for assessing it because it is a relatively new phenomenon (John, A., et al., 2018).
In the case of Bergman on 2023, stated cyberbullying is becoming increasingly common
among teenagers. The Pew Research Center study mentioned earlier found that the percentage of
teenagers who have experienced cyberbullying has increased from 41% in 2012 to 59% in 2015.
This may be because more and more teenagers are using smartphones and social media sites, and
these sites are becoming more popular among this age group. Additionally, according to a
Cyberbullying Research Center study, 73% of teenagers who have been cyberbullied have
experienced it on social media. The most common sites for cyberbullying are Facebook,
followed by Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat.

References
American Psychological Association. (2003). Bullying. American Psychological Association.
https://www.apa.org/topics/bullying
Asur, S. &. Huberman, B.A. (2010) Predicting the Future with Social Media. Social Computing
Lab: HP Labs, Palo Alto, California. Pp 1- 8.
Dwivedi, Y. K., Kelly, G., Janssen, M., Rana, N. P., Slade, E. L., & Clement, M. (2018). Social
media: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Information Systems Frontiers, 20, 419-423.
Hamm, M. P., Newton, A. S., Chisholm, A., Shulhan, J., Milne, A., Sundar, P., … & Hartling, L.
(2015). Prevalence and effect of cyberbullying on children and young people: A scoping
review of social media studies. JAMA pediatrics, 169(8), 770-777.
John, A., Glendenning, A. C., Marchant, A., Montgomery, P., Stewart, A., Wood, S., … &
Hawton, K. (2018). Self-harm, suicidal behaviours, and cyberbullying in children and
young people: Systematic review. Journal of medical internet research, 20(4), e9044.
Mathew P. Bergman (2023), Effects of Cyberbullying on Social Media.
https//socialmediavictims.org/cyberbullying/effects/
Singh, S., Thapar, V., & Bagga, S. (2020). Exploring the hidden patterns of cyberbullying on
social media. Procedia Computer Science, 167, 1636-1647.

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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

sector (Asur, S. & Huberman, B. A., 2010).

it can be to recognize and understand emotions.

bullying (American Psychological Association, 2003).

variables (Hamm, M. P., et al., 2015).

such as psychological and developmental troubles or suicidal thoughts. There is disagreement

In the case of Bergman on 2023, stated cyberbullying is becoming increasingly common

followed by Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat.

American Psychological Association. (2003). Bullying. American Psychological Association.

Lab: HP Labs, Palo Alto, California. Pp 1- 8.

review of social media studies. JAMA pediatrics, 169(8), 770-777.

Hawton, K. (2018). Self-harm, suicidal behaviours, and cyberbullying in children and

Mathew P. Bergman (2023), Effects of Cyberbullying on Social Media.

social media. Procedia Computer Science, 167, 1636-1647.

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