Cricket (Journal) Class 11

Origin
Cricket, a game now played internationally, originated in southeast England during

the late 16th century. It gained popularity in the 18th century and saw global
expansion in the 19th and 20th centuries. The first recorded match dates back to
1550, and the sport was formalized with the establishment of the Marylebone
Cricket Club in 1787. The International Cricket Council (ICC) now governs the
sport, with Test cricket, the game’s longest format, beginning in 1877. Cricket’s
formats range from the traditional five-day Test matches to the fast-paced T20,
reflecting the sport’s adaptability and enduring appeal123.
Rules and Regulations

 Teams: Two teams, each with 11 players.
 Match Officials: Includes umpires and scorers.
 Playing Field: Oval ground with a 22-yard pitch.
 Game Objective: Score more runs than the opposition.
 Batting: Players score runs by hitting the ball.
 Bowling: Bowlers aim to dismiss batsmen.
 Overs: Each over consists of six legal deliveries.
 Innings: The period in which a team bats.
 Formats: Test, One-Day International (ODI), Twenty20 (T20).
 Victory: Team with the most runs wins; can also win by dismissals.
 Dismissals: Include being bowled, caught, leg before wicket (LBW), run
out, and stumped.
 Extras: Runs awarded for bowling errors like wides or no-balls.
 Equipment: Includes a cricket ball, bat, and wickets.
 Spirit of the Game: Emphasizes sportsmanship and respect.
Formats of the Game:

 Test Cricket:
o Oldest format, since 1877.
o 5-day matches with two innings per team.
o Tests endurance, technique, temperament.
o Considered the game’s pinnacle.
 One-Day International (ODI):
o Began in 1971, popular from the 1980s.
o 50 overs per side, one innings each.
o Mix of technique, speed, skill needed.
o Features ICC Cricket World Cup.
 Twenty20 (T20):
o Newest, shortest, started in 2005.
o 20 overs per side, fast-paced action.
o Encourages innovation, attracts new audiences.
o Includes ICC World Twenty20 tournament.
Major Tournaments:
 ICC Cricket World Cup:
o Premier 50-over tournament.
o Held every 4 years.
o Top international teams compete.
o Winners crowned world champions.
 ICC T20 World Cup:
o International 20-over competition.
o Biennial event, even years.
o Features fast-paced, exciting matches.
o Showcases cricket’s shortest format.
 The Ashes:
o Historic Test series.
o England vs. Australia rivalry.
o Biennial event, alternating venues.
o One of cricket’s oldest contests.
Governing Bodies:
 ICC:
o Global cricket governing body.
o Organizes major international tournaments.
o Implements cricket laws, playing conditions.
o Coordinates umpire, referee appointments.
o Oversees fair play, anti-corruption efforts.
 Regional Bodies:
o Promote cricket development regionally.
o Organize regional tournaments, competitions.
o Support member countries’ cricketing activities.
o Work under ICC’s strategic framework.
Cricket Equipment:
Cricket equipment includes the cricket bat, made of willow and used by batsmen;
the cricket ball, constructed of cork and leather, used by bowlers; protective gear
such as helmets, pads, and gloves, worn by batsmen and fielders for safety; and
wickets, comprising stumps and bails, used to score and dismiss batsmen. This
gear ensures the game is played effectively and safely, adhering to the sport’s
regulations and maintaining the tradition of cricket1.
Cricketing Nations
 Australia: Pioneers in women’s cricket, strong infrastructure.
 India: Largest fanbase, contributes significantly to ICC revenues.
 England: Origin of cricket, hosts prestigious tournaments.
 West Indies: Known for power-hitting, charismatic players.
 Pakistan: Produces top fast bowlers, competitive in all formats.
 South Africa: Renowned for athleticism, consistent team performance.
 New Zealand: Competitive spirit, punches above its weight.
 Sri Lanka: Strong in spin bowling, 1996 ODI World Cup champs.
 Bangladesh: Rising team, improving in international standings.
 Afghanistan: Rapidly growing, strong in spin bowling.
 Ireland: Newest Test nation, showing potential.
These nations contribute to the global appeal and evolution of cricket.
India and Cricket

 Cricketing Superpower: Dominates global influence, finances.
 BCCI: World’s wealthiest cricket board.
 IPL: Pioneered lucrative T20 leagues.
 Massive Audience: Drives viewership, sponsorships.
 Infrastructure: Invests in world-class facilities.
 Talent Factory: Produces cricketing legends.
 Cultural Phenomenon: Cricket unites diverse populace.
 Youth Inspiration: Offers career paths, aspirations.
 Global Events: Hosts major ICC tournaments.
 Innovation: Leads in cricketing technology, formats.
 Grassroots Development: Promotes cricket across levels.
 Women’s Cricket: Encourages female participation, leagues.
India’s multifaceted impact shapes the sport’s present and future123.
Icons of cricket
 Sir Don Bradman: Unparalleled batting average.
 Sachin Tendulkar: Most international runs.
 Viv Richards: Redefined aggressive batting.
 Shane Warne: Leg-spin wizard.
 Brian Lara: Record-breaking batsman.
 Muttiah Muralitharan: Top wicket-taker.
 Jacques Kallis: Premier all-rounder.
 Kapil Dev: India’s World Cup hero.
 Imran Khan: Pakistan’s charismatic leader..
 Ricky Ponting: Prolific Australian captain.
 Kumar Sangakkara: Elegant Sri Lankan batsman..
 Ian Botham: England’s inspirational all-rounder.
These icons have greatly influenced the game with their exceptional skills and
contributions.
Current superstars in cricket:

 Virat Kohli: Indian batting maestro, known for consistency and aggression.
 Babar Azam: Pakistani captain, acclaimed for technique and composure.
 Kane Williamson: New Zealand’s captain, admired for his tactical acumen.
 Joe Root: England’s run machine, excels in all formats.
 Pat Cummins: Australia’s fast-bowling spearhead and astute leader.
 Ben Stokes: England’s dynamic all-rounder, match-winner on his day.
 Rohit Sharma: India’s hitman, holds record for highest ODI score.
 Jasprit Bumrah: Indian pacer, famed for yorkers and pace.
 Steve Smith: Australian batting genius, known for unorthodox style.
 Mitchell Starc: Australian pacer, renowned for lethal swing bowling.
These players are celebrated for their exceptional talent and contributions to
cricket.
Technological Advancement:
 Hawk-Eye: Ball-tracking for accurate decisions.
 Ultra-Edge: Detects ball-bat contact.
 DRS: Review system for umpire decisions.
 LED Stumps: Light up on impact.
 Spidercam: Aerial camera views.
 Wearable Tech: Monitors player fitness.
 Data Analytics: Informs strategies, training.
 Virtual Reality: Enhances player training.
 Augmented Reality: Engages fans interactively.
 Mobile Apps: Access scores, replays.
 Social Media: Connects fans, players.
 Broadcast Tech: High-definition, slow-motion replays.
 Stump Mic: Captures on-field sounds.
 Snickometer: Detects faint edges.
These innovations enhance gameplay, decision-making, training, fan experience,

and safety in cricket
Womens Cricket:
 Early History: First recorded match in 1745.
 Governing Body: ICC oversees global development.
 Professional Level: Played in ICC full member nations.
 World Cup: Premier international tournament.
 T20 World Cup: Showcases shorter format.
 Domestic Leagues: Include WPL , Women’s Big Bash, Kia Super League.
 Growth: Increasing professional opportunities.
 Media Coverage: Expanding, especially for marquee events.
 Challenges: Gender disparities, investment gaps.
 Impact: Inspiring next generation of female athletes.
Famous Women’s Crickets:

 Mithali Raj: Indian icon, highest run-scorer in women’s international
cricket.
 Ellyse Perry: Australian all-rounder, excels in both cricket and soccer.
 Meg Lanning: Australian captain, known for tactical acumen and batting
prowess.
 Sarah Taylor: English wicketkeeper, renowned for quick stumpings and
fluid batting.
 Jhulan Goswami: Indian pacer, leading wicket-taker in women’s ODIs.
 Stafanie Taylor: West Indies all-rounder, formidable with both bat and ball.
 Suzie Bates: New Zealand’s powerful batter, former captain.
 Katherine Brunt: English fast bowler, aggressive and competitive on the
field.
 Sophie Devine: New Zealand all-rounder, holds record for fastest T20 fifty.
 Smriti Mandhana: Indian opener, known for her elegant stroke play.
These athletes have significantly contributed to elevating women’s cricket on the

global stage123.
Controversies and Scandals

 Match Fixing: Players, coaches implicated.
 Spot Fixing: Pre-determined actions for betting.
 Ball Tampering: Illegally altering the ball.
 Doping: Banned substance use by players.
 Poor Umpiring: Questionable on-field decisions.
 Player Conduct: On and off-field misconduct.
 Political Interference: Government involvement in cricket affairs.
 Betting Scandals: Illegal betting rings, corruption.
 Racism: Discriminatory remarks, actions.
 Selection Issues: Biased or unfair player selection
Future of Cricket:
 Shorter Formats: Increased popularity of T20s, possible introduction of
T10 leagues.
 Technology: Advanced analytics, AI for strategy, player performance
enhancement.
 Global Expansion: Cricket’s growth in non-traditional markets.
 Women’s Cricket: Rise in professional opportunities, viewership.
 Fan Engagement: Virtual reality experiences, interactive platforms.
 Scheduling: Balancing international, league cricket calendars.
 Player Wellness: Focus on mental health, injury prevention.
 Eco-Friendly Practices: Sustainable stadiums, equipment manufacturing.
 Rule Changes: Innovations to maintain excitement, competitiveness.
 Youth Involvement: Grassroots programs, global youth tournaments.
These points reflect the dynamic nature of cricket’s evolution, adapting to modern
demands and audiences1234.

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Origin

Cricket, a game now played internationally, originated in southeast England during

Rules and Regulations

Formats of the Game:

These nations contribute to the global appeal and evolution of cricket.

India and Cricket

India’s multifaceted impact shapes the sport’s present and future123.

Current superstars in cricket:

These innovations enhance gameplay, decision-making, training, fan experience,

Famous Women’s Crickets:

These athletes have significantly contributed to elevating women’s cricket on the

Controversies and Scandals

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