English Literature

İndividiual works name: Virginia Woolf “Mrs.
Dalloway”
Virginia Woolf is a renowned British novelist associated with the modernist

movement in literature; her writing is characterized by experiments in language,
narrative, and the treatment of time. Woolf is often considered one of the most
innovative writers of the 20th century, best known for fractured narratives and
writing in a stream-of-consciousness prose style, in which characters are depicted
through their interior monologue; her books were sometimes called psychological
novels. In her work, she also discusses the issues and prejudices surrounding
women’s writing in the Western world.
Born Adeline Virginia Stephen, Woolf was the daughter of Leslie Stephen, a
literary critic and editor, and Julia Jackson Duckworth of the Duckworth
publishing family. She was educated by her father at their home at Hyde Park Gate.
Her mother passed away in 1895, while Woolf was still in her teens, and the death
of her father in 1904, led Woolf into a much-documented bout of depression.
Following her father’s death, Woolf moved to Bloomsbury with her sister Vanessa
and her two brothers. The house was integral to Woolf’s burgeoning literary career
as it served as the earliest meeting place for the circle of artists and writers she
would join, known as the Bloomsbury group, which included Woolf’s sister
Vanessa (Stephen) Bell, Clive Bell, Maynard Keynes, Vita Sackville-West, and
Leonard Woolf.
Woolf began writing reviews for the Times Literary Supplement in 1905.
Her brother Thoby died in 1906, and in 1912, Woolf married Leonard Woolf, a
literary critic and writer on economics. In 1915, she published her first novel, The
Voyage Out. Woolf had worked on The Voyage Out since 1908 and had completed
it in 1913, but as the result of another emotional breakdown in the early years of
her marriage, publication of the novel was delayed until 1915. Two novels
followed—the relatively traditional Night and Day, 1919, and the more
experimental Jacob’s Room, 1922, a fictional treatment of her late brother Thoby’s
life.
It was not until 1925, with the publication of Mrs. Dalloway, that Woolf’s
writing began to reveal what would become her signature modernist style. The
interconnected narrative of Mrs. Dalloway, originally titled The Hours, weaves the
everyday lives and interior thoughts of her characters together. Through her new
literary technique, Woolf hoped to express her own experiences as a woman and a
female writer in a way that was different from the male writers before her. In her
later works To the Lighthouse, 1927, and The Waves, 1931, Woolf developed her
literary technique, and the resulting stream-of-consciousness narrative style offers
her reader unprecedented access to her characters’ minds; her characters’ thoughts
are written as if at the moment of occurrence—free-flowing and unedited.
In 1922, Woolf began a long-standing affair with English poet Vita

Sackville-West, which reportedly lasted for most of the 1920s. Her book
Orlando,1928, was illustrated with images of Sackville-West as the protagonist.
The reasons for the end of the affair are unknown, but the women remained friends
for the remainder of Woolf’s life. Though this is thought to be Woolf’s first and
most devoted lesbian relationship, it is believed she was romantically involved
with other women during her lifetime including musician Ethel Smyth, who also
has a place setting at The Dinner Party.
Perhaps Woolf’s best-known non-fiction work, A Room of One’s Own,

1929, developed out of two lectures she delivered at woman’s colleges at
Cambridge; in these lectures Woolf delves into the history of women’s writing in
both social and economic terms and the circumstances faced by the contemporary
woman writer. In it she famously wrote: “a woman must have money and a room
of her own if she is to write fiction; and that, as you will see, leaves the great
problem of the true nature of woman and the true nature of fiction unsolved”
(Woolf, A Room of One’s Own, )
Though Woolf continued to live in Bloomsbury during the 1930s, the

Bloomsbury group stopped meeting and she spent much of the decade working on
two novels, The Years, 1937, and Three Guineas, 1938. She worried about the
public reception of these novels, but The Years outsold any of her previous works.
At the end of the decade, she also wrote her autobiography, A Sketch of the
Past,1939–40, and began her final novel, Between the Acts, 1941, which was
published posthumously by her husband. On March 28, 1941, at the age of fifty-
nine, Woolf drowned herself in the Ouse River, near her home in Sussex. Two
suicide notes were found in the house, one addressed to her sister Vanessa and the
other to her husband Leonard.
Now one of the most revered icons of twentieth-century feminism, Woolf

has been celebrated not only for her fiction and non-fiction works but also in
popular culture. Her introduction of new narrative methods and her encouragement
of women’s writing have resulted in a wealth of still-treasured literature that
continues to inspire generations of readers, writers, and scholars.
Mrs. Dalloway covers one day from morning to night in one woman’s life.
Clarissa Dalloway, an upper-class housewife, walks through her London
neighborhood to prepare for the party she will host that evening. When she returns
from flower shopping, an old suitor and friend, Peter Walsh, drops by her house
unexpectedly. The two have always judged each other harshly, and their meeting in
the present intertwines with their thoughts of the past. Years earlier, Clarissa
refused Peter’s marriage proposal, and Peter has never quite gotten over it. Peter
asks Clarissa if she is happy with her husband, Richard, but before she can answer,
her daughter, Elizabeth, enters the room. Peter leaves and goes to Regent’s Park.
He thinks about Clarissa’s refusal, which still obsesses him.
The point of view then shifts to Septimus, a veteran of World War I who was
injured in trench warfare and now suffers from shell shock. Septimus and his
Italian wife, Lucrezia, pass time in Regent’s Park. They are waiting for Septimus’s
appointment with Sir William Bradshaw, a celebrated psychiatrist. Before the war,
Septimus was a budding young poet and lover of Shakespeare; when the war broke
out, he enlisted immediately for romantic patriotic reasons. He became numb to the
horrors of war and its aftermath: when his friend Evans died, he felt little sadness.
Now Septimus sees nothing of worth in the England he fought for, and he has lost
the desire to preserve either his society or himself. Suicidal, he believes his lack of
feeling is a crime. Clearly Septimus’s experiences in the war have permanently
scarred him, and he has serious mental problems. However, Sir William does not
listen to what Septimus says and diagnoses “a lack of proportion.” Sir William
plans to separate Septimus from Lucrezia and send him to a mental institution in
the country.
Richard Dalloway eats lunch with Hugh Whitbread and Lady Bruton,
members of high society. The men help Lady Bruton write a letter to the Times,
London's largest newspaper. After lunch, Richard returns home to Clarissa with a
large bunch of roses. He intends to tell her that he loves her but finds that he
cannot, because it has been so long since he last said it. Clarissa considers the void
that exists between people, even between husband and wife. Even though she
values the privacy she is able to maintain in her marriage, considering it vital to the
success of the relationship, at the same time she finds slightly disturbing the fact
that Richard doesn’t know everything about her. Clarissa sees off Elizabeth and her
history teacher, Miss Kilman, who are going shopping. The two older women
despise one another passionately, each believing the other to be an oppressive force
over Elizabeth. Meanwhile, Septimus and Lucrezia are in their apartment, enjoying
a moment of happiness together before the men come to take Septimus to the
asylum. One of Septimus’s doctors, Dr. Holmes, arrives, and Septimus fears the
doctor will destroy his soul. In order to avoid this fate, he jumps from a window to
his death.
Peter hears the ambulance go by to pick up Septimus’s body and marvels

ironically at the level of London’s civilization. He goes to Clarissa’s party, where
most of the novel’s major characters are assembled. Clarissa works hard to make
her party a success but feels dissatisfied by her own role and acutely conscious of
Peter’s critical eye. All the partygoers, but especially Peter and Sally Seton, have,
to some degree, failed to accomplish the dreams of their youth. Though the social
order is undoubtedly changing, Elizabeth and the members of her generation will
probably repeat the errors of Clarissa’s generation. Sir William Bradshaw arrives
late, and his wife explains that one of his patients, the young veteran (Septimus),
has committed suicide. Clarissa retreats to the privacy of a small room to consider
Septimus’s death. She understands that he was overwhelmed by life and that men
like Sir William make life intolerable. She identifies with Septimus, admiring him
for having taken the plunge and for not compromising his soul. She feels, with her
comfortable position as a society hostess, responsible for his death. The party nears
its close as guests begin to leave. Clarissa enters the room, and her presence fills
Peter with a great excitement.
LITERATURE
 https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/
place_settings/virginia_woolf
 https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/dalloway/summary/
 https://www.britannica.com/biography/Virginia-Woolf

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İndividiual works name: Virginia Woolf “Mrs.

Virginia Woolf is a renowned British novelist associated with the modernist

In 1922, Woolf began a long-standing affair with English poet Vita

Perhaps Woolf’s best-known non-fiction work, A Room of One’s Own,

Though Woolf continued to live in Bloomsbury during the 1930s, the

Now one of the most revered icons of twentieth-century feminism, Woolf

Peter hears the ambulance go by to pick up Septimus’s body and marvels

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