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Torrefaction, a simple heat treatment method, is used frequently with natural bioresources to improve
their thermal characteristics so that they may be used as energy sources in domestic power plants.
Keywords: Recycled Polyethylene; Palm Kernel Shell; Microstructure and Properties 1. The samples
were dried in an oven at a temperature of 105 oC for 24 hours. Strength Improvement of Mud
Houses Through Stabilization of the Lateritic Mat. During the process of removing or extracting ripe,
fleshy and fresh fruit from the bunches at the mills, residues and waste are generated in form of
solid and liquid. Study of Self Compacting Concrete by using Marginal Materials-Partial Replace. It
was concluded that the uniform distribution of PKS particle is the significant factor that responsible
for the improvement in strength and it enhances the improvement of wear property of the recycled
polyethylene matrix composite 17, 18, this assertion was also in agreement with the studies carried
out by the following researchers 19 - 21. The yield strength slightly decreased as the vol% of palm
kernel shell particles increased in the RLDPE matrix. Figure 1. Effect of filler addition on the tensile
strength of particulate palm kernel reinforced polyethylene composite. Figure 2. Effect of filler
addition on the yield strength of particulate palm kernel reinforced polyethylene composite. The rate
of water absorption of the composite over a period of 168 hours at an interval of 24 hours increased
with increased in kernel shell particles content in the composite. For this, the addition of chemical
activator i.e., phosphoric acid is a must. Thermal properties: Table 4 presented the summary of
physico-thermal properties of the pulverized palm kernel shell 11. The mwicrostructure clearly shows
that when the kernel shells particle was added to the recycled polyeth- ylene (RLDPE)
morphological change in the structure take place. Result and Discussion The morphology of the
developed composites are shown in Plates 1-7. Compression of the composites was carried out in a
Wabash V200 hot press for 5 minutes under con- trolled pressure 30 tons at 175 ? C. Only a small
amount of mesoporous was developed in the initial stage of activation. The palm kernel shell powder
and the grinded pelletized recycled polyethylene were blend to- gether using a two-roll rheomixer at
165. According to Olutoge,(1995) Palm Kernel Shells(PKS) are gotten from threshing or crushing
mill to remove the. This is due mainly to cost, availability and properties. A synthesis of taylor’s and
fayol’s management approaches for managing market. It has been established that PKS has made
debut entrance into biofuel resource for the production of biomass product. Experimental Study on
Performance of Concrete M30 with Partial Replacement of. This may be attributed to low-weight
ratio of the composites. Table 3: Textural characteristics, proximate and ultimate analyses of PKS 10
VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF PKS PKS has been used extensively in the various application
which has been categorized into three sections based on their usage. Strength Improvement of Mud
Houses Through Stabilization of the Lateritic Mat. Each of the samples was cooled to room
temperature under pressure before it was removed from the press. We made our first shipment
overseas to Japan in 2018. Thousands of tons of different crops are produced but most of their
wastes do not have any useful utilization. This may be due to imperfect interfacial bonding between
th e palm kernel shell particle and recy- cled polyethylene matrix. The shells were found to have
distinctive size distribution pattern from the kernels as identified through sieve analysis. Carbons
were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultimate analysis, scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), proximate analysis and nitrogen adsorption.
According to Olutoge,(1995) Palm Kernel Shells(PKS) are gotten from threshing or crushing mill to
remove the. The PKS is the hard part that enclosed the nut of palm kernel fruit ( Fig. 1 ) that houses
the palm kernel seed of the palm tree (Elaeis guineensis) 4. Prior to testing, all samples were
conditioned for 72 hou rs at a temperature of 23. This is due mainly to cost, availability and
properties. Download Free PDF View PDF Physical and mechanical properties of palm fruit, kernel
and nut DAVIES ROTIMI Davies, R.M. (2012). Physical and mechanical properties of palm fruit,
kernel and nut. It has been established that PKS has made debut entrance into biofuel resource for
the production of biomass product. The recy- cled polyethylene was sun-dried and shredded in a
plastic crusher machine. IRJET - An Experimantal Study on Behaviour of Hollow Fly Ash Concrete
Blocks. An Experimental Investigation on Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Partial. Introduction
Composites are materials that comprise strong load car- rying material (known as reinforcement)
imbedded in weaker material (known as matrix). Keywords: Palm kernel shell, lightweight
aggregate, compressive strength, flexural strength. This could result in the conservation of the
micropore fraction. The hardness of the composite increases with increase in palm kernel shell
content and the tensile strength of the composite increased to optimum of 5 vol%. These distinctive
shapes are characteristics that can be utilized in the mechanical separation of kernels from the shells.
British Standards Institution. “Specification for Portland Cements,” BSI. From the estimated value
of 34.5% PKS from a single fruit, one can see that the disposal of these biomass waste will continue
to pose major environmental problems 9. The materials that was used for this research work are
coarse aggregate. Environment, Civil, Materials Sciences Journals PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL.
Reinforcement pro- vides strength and rigidity, helping to support structural load. IRJET -
Experimental Investigation on Properties of Light Weight Foamed Concr. However, its poor
qualities, such as low energy density, high moisture content, irregular shape and size, and
heterogeneity, make it impossible to utilize in its natural state. The oil palms bear fruit year-round
and the production capacity of oil producers is so efficient that permanent access to the product is
guaranteed. It has been reported that tropical belt of Africa, Asia and Brazil are the highest
producers and exporters of palm oil across the globe and by implication the most producers of the
PKS. Each of the samples was cooled to room temperature under pressure before it was removed
from the press. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. However, in developing
countries, the construction industry is. Abnormalities of hormones and inflammatory cytokines in
women affected with p. The kernel shell particles are embedded within the amorphous ma- trix
composed of randomly distributed in the matrix pla- nar boundaries. Keywords: Recycled
Polyethylene; Palm Kernel Shell; Microstructure and Properties 1. IRJET Journal C41011521
C41011521 IJERA Editor Study of Flexural Strength and Flexural Modulus of Reinforced Concrete
Beams.
The hardness of the composite increases with increase in palm kernel shell content and the tensile
strength of the composite increased to optimum of 5 vol%. The PKS-powder has been characterized
in this review through the use of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray
(EDX) analysis. Reinforcement pro- vides strength and rigidity, helping to support structural load.
Anthony, B. J. (2000). Physical Modeling in Geotechnics. The number of PKS produced from both
countries has exceeded 15 million tons per year. The materials that was used for this research work
are coarse aggregate. The value for the flexural strength is as follow; 1.87, 0.91, 1.36, 1.81. Th e
sample with palm kernel shell particles having the smallest particle size shows the highest hardness.
The activated shells continued the pyrolysis process at temperatures of 300, 400, and 500 oC for 3
hours. Samples were produced by using sodium chloride (NaCl) as an activator. CrossRef Direct
Link Mak, S.M., B.T. Tey, K.Y. Cheah, W.L. Siew and K.K. Tan, 2009. Porosity characteristics and
pore developments of various particle sizes Palm Kernel Shells Activated Carbon (PKSAC) and its
potential applications. Abnormalities of hormones and inflammatory cytokines in women affected
with p. RELATED PAPERS Solving Proportions Gina Flores MAT222: Intermediate Algebra
(GSQ1437E) Instructor: Jerry Bilbrey Richard Negron Download Free PDF View PDF ??????
???:kn 39. Palm kernel shell(PKS) is an agricultural waste which is environmental friendly. A number
of automotive compo- nents previously made with glass. Test results showed that pulverized palm
kernel shell consist mainly of non-ferrous metals. This is due mainly to cost, availability and
properties. The varying physical and mechanical properties of the identified species of palm kernel
nuts during fracture, as a means of determining the critical load required to cause fracture on the
palm kernel nuts, without damage on the nut meat within were considered. Unfortunately, it needs to
activate the surface areas in order to increase the adsorption process. Therefore, the voracious
interest for energizes, eco-friendliness and execution assurance and calls for natural well-disposed
elective fills sources, while not over depending on petroleum derivatives. Hence this grade can be
use for interior applications such as car seat, dash board, and car interior for decorative purposes or
other interior parts of automobile where high strength is not considered a critical re- quirement. The
quality of the resulting torrefied solids (biochar) is determined by the heat condition settings in the
absence of oxygen, and it may be enhanced by carefully selecting and altering the processing
parameters. Tensile test of the compos- ites was carried out using the Hounsfield tensometer and the
scanning electron microscope (SEM) JEOL JSM- 6480LV wer e used to identify the surface morp
hology of the composite samples. IRJET Journal C41011521 C41011521 IJERA Editor Study of
Flexural Strength and Flexural Modulus of Reinforced Concrete Beams. An Experimental Study on
Properties of Concrete using Waste Plastic Scrap Mat. SEM micrographs revealed that more pore
networks and cavities were formed after carbonization and activation of the palm shells. The
hardness of the composite increases with increase in palm kernel shell content and the tensile
strength of the composite increased to optimum of 5 vol%. Physical Sciences, Mathematics and
Chemistry Journals PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL. The disposable component of harvested
agricultural product (palm kernel) and pelletized pure-water nylon are becoming increasingly
problematic in Nigeria, litter- ing the rural and urban areas of the country, and consti- tuting a serious
threat to environmental health of the na- tion. Hence this grade can be use for interior applications
such as car seat, dash board, and car interior for decorative purposes or other interior parts of
automobile where high strength is not considered a critical requirement.