D2 Tool Steel

DATA SHEET ®
Timken Latrobe
Steel
A Timken Company Subsidiary
Issue 8
TLS™ D2 Tool Steel

(ASTM D2)
Typical Composition
C Mn Si Cr Mo V
1.50 0.30 0.30 12.00 0.75 0.90
TLS D2 tool steel is a versatile high-carbon, high-chromium, air-hardening tool steel that
is characterized by a relatively high attainable hardness and numerous, large, chromium-
rich alloy carbides in the microstructure. These carbides provide good resistance to wear
from sliding contact with other metals and abrasive materials. Although other steels with
improved toughness or improved wear resistance are available, TLS D2 provides an
effective combination of wear resistance and toughness, tool performance, price, and a
wide variety of product forms.
TLS D2 is also available as an Electro-Slag-Remelted (ESR) product. The remelting
process provides improved chemical homogeneity, refinement of carbide size, and the
associated improvements in mechanical and fatigue properties.
Typical applications for TLS D2 tool steel include rolls, punches, dies for blanking,
forming, trimming, and thread rolling, shear knives, food-processing knives, and gages.
Relative Properties
Wear Resistance Toughness Stability in Heat Treat
TLS D2 D3 A2 O1 M2
60 HRC 61 HRC 60 HRC 60 HRC 62 HRC
Physical Properties Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: (at 61-62HRC)

Density: 0.278 lb/in3 (7695 kg/m3) Temperature, in/in Temperature, mm/mm
Specific Gravity: 7.70 °F °Fx10-6 °C °Cx10-6
Modulus of Elasticity: 30x106 psi (207 Gpa) 100 - 500 5.71 38 - 260 10.3
100 - 800 6.63 38 - 427 11.9
Machinability: 50-60% of a 1% carbon steel 100 - 1000 6.82 38 - 538 12.3
100 - 1200 6.83 38 - 649 12.3
100 - 1500 6.90 38 - 816 12.4
COPYRIGHT 2003 by Timken Latrobe Steel TM-Trademark of Timken Latrobe Steel 05/03
TLS™ D2
HEAT TREATING INSTRUCTIONS HEAT TREATMENT RESPONSE
(See Tech-Topics Bulletin 102 for a more thorough
explanation of heat treating.) As Air Cooled from HRC
1800°F (982°C), 30 minutes 62.5
HARDENING: 1825°F (996°C), 30 minutes 63.5
Critical Temperatures: 1850°F (1010°C), 30 minutes 64
1875°F (1024°C), 30 minutes 64.5
Ac1: 1449°F (788°C) Ac3: 1553°F (845°C)
1900°F (1038°C), 30 minutes 63
Ar1: 1418°F (769°C) Ar3: 1373°F (744°C)
Preheating: To minimize distortion and stresses in Tempering Temperature, °C
large or complex tools use a double preheat. Heat at 94 205 316 427 538 649
a rate not exceeding 400°F per hour (222°C per hour) 65
to 1150-1250°F (621-677°C) equalize, then heat to Air Cooled from 1850°F (1010°C)
Izod Impact Toughness, ft-lb

1400-1450°F (760-788°C). For normal tools, use 50
60
Rockwell C Hardness
only the second temperature range as a single
preheating treatment. 40
Unnotched
Austenitizing (High Heat): Heat slowly from the 55
preheat. 30
Furnace or Salt: 1850-1875°F (1010-1024°C) 50
Quenching: Air or pressurized gas. 20
Cool to 150-125°F(66-51°C). Hardness
Tempering: Temper immediately after quenching. 45 Toughness 10
Hold at temperature for 1 hour per inch (25.4 mm) of
thickness, 2 hours minimum, then air cool to ambient 40
temperature. As 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Quenched
For maximum wear resistance, temper between Tempering Temperature, °F
300-350°F (149-177°C) for a hardness of 62-64 HRC.
For the optimal balance between wear resistance
and toughness, temper between 500-550°F (260- Size Change During Hardening
288°C). This will produce 58-60 HRC.
For maximum toughness, double temper, 2 hours Tempering Temperature, °C
plus 2 hours, at temperatures above 950°F (510°C). 94 205 316 427 538 649
0.08
This will produces hardnesses of less than 58 HRC.
To minimize internal stresses in cross sections
0.06 Air cooled from 1850°F (1010°C)
% Change in unit length
greater than 6 inches (152.4 mm) and to improve and Tempered for 4 hours
stability in tools that will be EDM’d after heat
treatment, soaking times of 4 to 6 hours at the 0.04
tempering temperature below 950°F (510°C) are
strongly recommended. 0.02
ANNEALING: Annealing must be performed after 0

hot working and before rehardening.
Heat at a rate not exceeding 400°F per hour (222°C -0.02
per hour) to 1600-1650°F (871-899°C), and hold at
temperature for 1 hour per inch (25.4mm) of -0.04
maximum thickness; 2 hours minimum. Then cool As
Quenched 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
slowly with the furnace at a rate not exceeding 50°F Tempering Temperature, °F
per hour (28°C per hour) to 1000°F (538°C).
Continue cooling to ambient temperature in the
Cryogenic Treatment: Refrigeration treatments
furnace or in air. The resultant hardness should be a
should typically be performed after the first temper,
maximum of 255 HBW.
and must be followed by a second temper.
Timken Latrobe The data presented herein are typical values, and do not warrant
suitability for any specific application or use of this material.
®
Steel Normal variations in the chemical composition, the size of the
product, and heat treatment parameters may result in different
values for the various physical and mechanical properties.
A Timken Company Subsidiary
Latrobe, PA Phone: 724-537-7711 Vienna, OH Phone: 800-321-6446 Marlborough, MA Phone: 800-444-4447
FAX: 724-532-6316 FAX: 330-609-2054 FAX: 508-481-6581
WEB: www.timkenlatrobe.com

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DATA SHEET ®

TLS™ D2 Tool Steel

Physical Properties Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: (at 61-62HRC)

Izod Impact Toughness, ft-lb

ANNEALING: Annealing must be performed after 0

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