Class 9 Lesson Plan Cycle 9

Class: IX
Subject: Physics
Name of the Chapter: Gravitation
Cycle 9: 22nd November 2021 – 9th December 2021

Topic: 10.1, 10.2(10.2.1)
Page no. 131 to 135
Learning Students will be able to:
Objectives  State the Law of Gravitation.
 Understand why this law is called Universal Law.
 Understand the importance of the Law of Gravitation.
 Know about free fall.
 Understand the relation between gravitational constant and acceleration
due to gravity.
Activity NA
planned
Bullet Revise using the following Bullet points:
points
 Gravitation: Earth attracts everything towards it by an unseen force of
attraction. This force of attraction is known as gravitation or gravitation pull.
 Universal Law of Gravitation:
Every object in the universe attracts
every other object by a force of
attraction, called gravitation, which is
directly proportional to the product of
masses of the objects and inversely
proportional to the square of distance
between them. This is called Law of
Gravitation or Universal Law of
Gravitation.
Mm
F=G 2
d
where F = Force of gravitation
M = mass of the first object
m = mass of the second object
d = distance between the centres of the 2 objects
G = Universal gravitational constant.
 Importance of Universal Law of Gravitation:
o This Law is applicable to every object in the universe.
o This law explains the cause of revolution of moon around earth and
revolution of planets around sun.
o The gravitational force of the Earth is responsible to hold atmosphere
around the earth.
 Constant:
o The value of G remains same through the universe and hence G is
known as Universal Gravitational Constant.
o Value of G = 6.67 X 10-11 Nm2 kg-2
o Value of G was determined in laboratory by Henry Cavendish.
o Since the value of G is very small, so the gravitational force is a very
weak force.
o It is numerically equal to the force of gravitation that exists between two
bodies having unit masses separated by a unit distance.
 Free Fall:
o When an object falls from any height under the influence of
gravitational force only, it is known as free fall. In the case of free fall
no change of direction takes place but the magnitude of velocity changes
because of acceleration.
 Acceleration due to gravity:
o The acceleration of any mass near the surface of the earth due to
gravitation of the earth (called gravity) is called acceleration due to
gravity (g) of earth.
o Value of acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8m/s2
o The value of g
 is zero at the centre of the earth.
 at the poles is more than that at the equator.
 decreases with height and depth from the surface of the earth.
 is maximum on the crust of the earth.
 Relation between G and g:
GM
g= 2
R
where G = Universal gravitational constant
g = Acceleration due to gravity
M = mass of the Earth
R = radius of the Earth
Derivation:
 To calculate the value of g:
 Difference between g and G:
Key Words
 Gravitation
 Universal law of Gravitation
 Gravitational Constant
 Freefall
 Acceleration due to gravity
Questions Questions to be done in the physics notebook and submitted in Teams
folder in the form of pdf:
1. How does the force of gravitation between two objects change when the
distance between them is reduced to half?
Solution:
2. What happens to the force between two objects, if

a. the mass of one object is doubled?
b. the distance between the objects is doubled and tripled?
c. the masses of both objects are doubled?
Ans:
3. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force between the Earth and a 1
kg object on its surface? (Mass of the Earth is 6 × 1024 kg and radius of the
Earth is 6.4 × 106 m).
Extra Questions for practise:
1. State the law Universal law of Gravitation.

2. Why is the Law of Gravitation called a Universal Law?
3. The gravitational force between two objects is 100 N. How should the distance
between the objects be changed so that the force between them becomes 50 N.
4. The Earth and the Moon are attracted to each other by gravitational force. Does
the Earth attract the Moon with a force that is greater or smaller or the same as
the force with which the moon attracts the earth? Why?
5. If the Moon attracts the Earth, why does the Earth not move towards the
Moon?
6. Derive the formula for the gravitational force using factors on which it depends.
7. Calculate the gravitational force on a stone of mass 1kg held on the surface of
the Earth.
8. Calculate the force exerted by the Sun on the Earth, if the mass of the Earth is
6X1024kg, the mass of the Sun is 2X1030kg and the distance between the Sun
and the Earth is 1.5X1011m
9. What do you mean by free fall?
10. What do you mean by acceleration due to gravity?

Class 9 Lesson Plan Cycle 9

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Class 9 Lesson Plan Cycle 9

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Class: IX

Name of the Chapter: Gravitation

Cycle 9: 22nd November 2021 – 9th December 2021

 Difference between g and G:

2. What happens to the force between two objects, if

Extra Questions for practise:

1. State the law Universal law of Gravitation.

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