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Testing Dampers for Rating

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AIR MOVEMENT AND CONTROL

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ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL, INC. s
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The International Authority on Air System Components

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Air Movement and Control Association International, Inc. m
30 West University Drive .
Arlington Heights, IL 60004-
60004-1893
1893
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© 2007 by Air Movement and Control Association International, Inc. e
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All rights
rights reserved. Reproduction or translation
translation of any part
part of this work
work beyond that permitted
permitted by Sections
Sections 107 and .

108 of the United States Copyright Act without the permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Requests for
permission or further information should be addressed to the Executive Director, Air Movement and Control
Association International,
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Arlington Heights, IL 60004-1893
60004-1893 U.S.A.
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Authority d
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AMCA St Standard
andard 500-D-07 was adopted by the membership of the Air Movement and Control Association ri
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International, Inc. on 19 October, 2006. It was approved as an American National Standard by the American l
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National Standards
Standards Institute (ANSI) and became effective on 23 January 2007. e
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AMCA 500-D Review Committee o r
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Mike Watz, Co-Chair Greenheck Fan Corporation n
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5
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Dane Carey, Co-Chair NCA Manufact
Manufacturing,
uring, Inc. a
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2
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Roger Lichtenwald Air Balance, Inc. 1
1
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Vince Kreglewicz Arrow United Industries li
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Charles Theis Honeywell International e
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John Young Nailor Industrie
Industriess o
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Mike Beaver P.C.I. Industr
Industries
ies N
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Wendell Simmons Reliable Products trh
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Robert Van Becelaere Ruskin Company o r
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Dan Kaiser Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. ti
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Tim Orris AMCA International n
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Corresponding Members in
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Prasad Bhatt CERT-AIRE Technica
echnicall Services, Ltd. p
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Jack Buckley, P.E. Buckley Consultant e
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John Clark, P.E. Bakke Kopt Ballou McFarlin, Inc. tr
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Michael Dillon, P.E. Dillon Consultin
Consultingg Engineers d
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Francis McCabe Prefco Products, Inc. o
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Bob Wasilewski SMACNA n
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Disclaimer w
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AMCA International uses its best efforts to produce standards for the benefit of the industry and the public in light c
h
of available information and accepted industry practices. However, AMCA
AMCA International does not guarantee, certi- s
tr
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fy or assure the safety or performance of any products, components or systems tested, designed, installed or oper- e
t.
c
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ated in accordance with AMCA International
International standards or that any tests conducted under its standards will be non- m
hazardous or free from risk. .
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Objections to AMCA Standards and Certifications Programs a
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Air Movement and Control Association International,
International, Inc. will consider and decide all written complaints regarding s
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its standards, certification
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interpretations thereof. For information on procedures for submitting and d
to
handling complaints, write to: A
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Air Movement and Control Association
Association International ir
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30 West University Drive o r
o
Arlington Heights,
Heights, IL 60004-1893 U.S.A. k
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or 5
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AMCA International, Incorporated
Incorporated 2
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c/o Federation of Environmental Trade Associations 1
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2 Waltham Court, Milley Lane, Hare Hatch o
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Reading, Berkshire c
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RG10 9TH United Kingdom s
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Related AMCA Standards and Publications y l
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N
o
AMCA Publication 502 Damper Application Manual for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning u f
tr
eh
r
AMCA Publication 503 Fire, Ceiling(Radition), Smoke and Fire/Smoke Dampers Application Manual er
p
or
d
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA Standard
Standard 510 Methods of Testing Heavy Duty Dampers for Rating u
c
ti
o
n
AMCA Publication
Publication 511
511 Certified Ratings Program for Air Control Devices o
r
n
e
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA Standard
Standard 520 Laboratory Methods for Testing Actuators o
rk
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TABLE OF CONTENTS c
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1. Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 ir
B
o r
2. Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 o
k
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3. Units of Measurem ent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Measurement 5
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3.1 System of units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 r-
2
0
1
1
3.2 Basi
Basic
c units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 o f
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3.3 Airflow rate and velocity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 s
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3.4 Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 u
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3.5 Torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 y l
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3.6 Gas properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 u f
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3.7 Dime
Dimension
nsionless
less groups
groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 e r
p
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3.8 Physi
Physical
cal constants
constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
.2 d
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4. Symbols and Subscripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 o
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4.1 Symbols and subscripted symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 o
rk
in
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4.2 Additional subscripts
subscripts (planes of measurement) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 i
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5. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
tti
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5.1 Damper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 D
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5.2 Air control damper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 b
u
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5.3 Free area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 y
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5.4 Face area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 s
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5.5 Psychrometrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 c
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5.6 Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 c
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In
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,.
5.7 Performance variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 w
w
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5.8 Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 c
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6. Instruments and Methods of Measureme nt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Measurement e
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6.1 Accuracy [4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 .

6.2 Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
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6.3 Airflow rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 d
m
a
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6.4 Torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 ri
a
l
li
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6.5 Air density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 e
n
s
e
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6.6 Volt
Voltage
age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 to
A
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6.7 Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 ir
B
o r
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6.8 Pneumatic actuator supply air pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 k
s
o
n
6.9 Pressure guages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 5
1
-M
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6.10 Chronometers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 r-
2
0
1
1
6.11
6.11 Vel
Velocity
ocity meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 o f
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7. Equipment and Setups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 n
s
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7.1 Setups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 u
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7.2 Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 y l
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N
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7.3 Chambers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 u f
tr
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7.4 Variable supply and exhaust systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 e r
p
o r
d
Objective,, Observations and Conduct of Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
8. Objective u
c
ti
o
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8.1 Air performance - pressure drop test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 o
r
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tw
8.2 Air flow leakage rate using ambient air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 o
rk
in
g
8.3 Air flow leakage rate using ambient or heated air [15] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 s i
p
e
rm
8.4 Dynamic closure test using ambient air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
tti
e
d
.
8.5 Operational test using ambient air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 D
s i
tr
b
u i
8.6 Damper dynamic operational torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
.22 te
d
b
8.7 Dynamic closure test using heated air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 y
T
h
o
m
8.8 Operational test using heated air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 s
o
n
S
9. Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 c
e i
n
ti
fi
9.1 Calibration collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 c
,
In
c
,.
9.2 Density and viscosity of air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 w
w
w
te .
9.3 Damper airflow rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 c
h
s
tr
e
9.4 Density correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 e
t.
c
o
m
9.5 Continuity of mass flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 .

9.6 Airf
Airflow
low leakage
leakage - system leakage
leakage correction
correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
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9.7 Pressure drop - duct system correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 d
m
a
te
9.8 Airflow leakage
leakage - system leakage correction
correction for elevated
elevated temperature leakage tests
tests . . . . . . . .32 ri
a
l
li
c
10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 e
n
s
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d
Annex
Annex A. SI and
and I-P
I-P Conve
Conversi
rsions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
ons to
A
li
s
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A.1 I-P Equivalents of SI units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 ir
B
o r
o
A.2 SI Equivalents of I-P units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 k
s
o
n
Annex B. Presentation of Air Performance Results for Rating Purposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 5
1
-M
a
B.1 Rating air performance - pressure drop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 r-
2
0
1
1
B.2 Rating air leakage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 o f
r
li
c
e
Annex C. Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
tr
e h
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
s i
tr
b
u i
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
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ri
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h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
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li
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n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
k
s
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
tr
e h
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
s i
tr
b
u i
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
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te .
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 C
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h
te
d
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a
te
ri
AMCA INTERNA
INTERNATIONAL,
TIONAL, INC. ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07 a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
*Bibliographic references are indicated by brackets; mandatory d
Laboratory Methods of Testing
Testing references are indicated by superscripts
superscripts..
to
A
Dampers for Rating s
ta
li

3.2 Basic units ir

B
o r
1. Purpose o
The unit of length is the meter (m), or millimeter k
s
o
The purpose of this standard is to establish uniform (mm); I-P units are the foot (ft)
(ft) or the inch (in.).
(in.). The n
1
unit of mass is the kilogram (kg); the I-P unit is the 5
laboratory test methods for dampers. The -M
pound mass (lbm). The unit of time is either the a
characteristics to be determined include, as r-
minute (min), or the second (s). The unit of 0
2
appropriate, air leakage, pressure drop, dynamic 1
temperature is either the degree Celsius (°C), or the 1
closure, and operational torque. o f
degree kelvin (K). I-P units are either the degree r
li
Fahrenheit (°F), or the degree Rankine (°R). The unit c
e
It is not the purpose of this standard to specify the n
of force is the newton (N); the I-P unit is the pound s
e
testing procedures to be used for design, production, e
(lbf). s '
or field testing. Similarly, it is not the purpose of this u
s
standard to indicate or establish minimum or e

maximum performance ratings to be used for

3.3 Airflow rate and velocity o
n
y l
.
specifying these products. N
3.3.1 Airflow rate. The unit of volumetric airflow rate o
f
is the cubic meter per second (m 3/s); the I-P unit is u
tr
2. Scope
eh
r
the cubic foot per minute (cfm). er
This standard may be used as a basis for testing p
r
3.3.2 Airflow velocity. The unit of airflow velocity is o
d
dampers when air is used as the test gas. u
the meter per second (m/s); the I-P unit is the foot per c
ti
o
minute (fpm). n
A test condconducte
uctedd in accoaccordan
rdancece with the o
r
requirements of this standard is intended to e
n
3.4 Pressure tw
demonstrate the performance of a damper and is not o
rk
intended to determine acceptability level for a in
damper.. It is not within
damper within the scope of this standard
standard to The unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa) or the g
s i
millimeter of mercury (mm Hg); the I-P unit is either
indicate the actual sequence of testing. p
e
the inch water gauge (in. wg), or the inch mercury rm
column (in. Hg). Values in mm Hg or in. Hg shall be tti
The parties to a test for guarantee purposes may e
d
agree to exceptions to this standard in writing prior to used only for barometric pressure measurements. .
D
the test. However
However,, only a test that does not violate
violate The in. wg shall be based on a one inch column of s i
tr
distilled water at 68°F under standard gravity and a
b
u i
any mandatory te
designated as arequirement of this
test conducted in standard shallwith
accordance be gas column balancing effect based on standard air. d
this standard. The in. Hg shall be based on a one inch column of b
y
mercury at 32°F under standard gravity in vacuo. T
h
o
The mm Hg shall be based on a one mm column of m
3. Units of Measurement s
mercury at 0°C under standard gravity in vacuo. o
n
S
c
3.1 System of units 3.5 Torque e i
n
ti
fi
c
SI units (The International System of Units, Le The unit of torque is the newton-meter (N-m); the I-P
,
In
Systéme International d'Unités) [1]* are the primary c
unit is the pound-inch (lbf-in.). ,.
w
units employed in this standard, with I-P units (Inch- w
w
Pound) given as the secondary
secondary reference. SI units .
3.6 Gas properties te
are based on the fundamental values of the c
h
s
International Bureau of Weights and Measures [1], tr
e
The unit of density is the kilogram per cubic meter e
and I-P values are based on the values of the
t.
c
o
National Institute of Standards and Technology which (kg/m3); the I-P unit is the pound mass per cubic foot m
are, in turn, based on the values of the International (lbm/ft 3). The unit of viscosity is the Pascal-second
Pascal-second .

Bureau. Annex A provides conversion factors for SI (Pa-s); the I-P unit is the pound mass per foot-second
and I-P units.

1
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
(lbm/ft-s). The SI unit of gas constant is the joule per 3.8 Physical constants te
ri
kilogram-kelvin (J/kg-K);
(J/kg-K); the I-P unit is the foot-pound a
l
li
per pound mass-degree Rankine, (ft-lbf/lbm-°R). The value of standard gravitational acceleration shall c
e
n
be taken as 9.80665 m/s2 (32.174 ft/s2) at mean sea s
e
d
3.7 Dimensionless groups level at 45° latitude [2]. The density of distilled
distilled water to
at saturation pressure shall be taken as 998.278 A
li
s
Various dimensionless quantities appear in the text. kg/m3 (62.3205 lbm/ft3) at 20°C (68°F) [3]. The ta
ir
Any consistent system of units may be employed to density of mercury at saturation pressure shall be B
o r
evaluate these quantities unless a numerical factor is taken at 13595.1 kg/m3 (848.714 lbm/ft3) at 0°C o
k
s
o
included, in which case units must be as specified. (32°F) [3]. The specific weights in kg/m3 (lbm/ft 3) of n
these fluids in vacuo under standard gravity are 5
1
-M
numerically equal to their densities at corresponding a
temperatures. r-
2
0
1
1
4. Symbols and Subscripts o f
r
li
c
e
n
4.1 Symbols and subscripted symbols s
e
e
s '
u
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION SI UNIT I -P UNIT s
e
o
n
y l
a Duct Width m ft .
N
A Area of Cross-Section m2 ft2 o
u f
b Duct Height m ft
tr
eh
r
C
D N
Do
iazm
zleeteDr isacnhdaE
rgqeuiC
vaoleefnfitciD
en
iatmeter dimensionless
m ft er
p
r
E Energy Factor dimensionless o
d
u
H Damper Height m ft c
ti
o
Ks System Leakage Constant dimensionless n
o
L Nozzle Throat Dimension m ft r
n
e
Lx,x' Length of Duct Between Planes x and x' m ft tw
o
M Chamber Dimension m ft rk
in
n Number of Readings dimensionless g
s i
Ps Static Pressure Pa in. wg p
e
Psx Static Pressure at Plane x Pa in. wg rm

Pt Total Pressure Pa in. wg tti

e
d
Ptx Total Pressure at Plane x Pa in. wg .
D
Pv Velocity Pressure Pa in. wg s i
tr
b
u i
Pvx Velocity Pressure at Plane x Pa in. wg te
pb Corrected Barometric Pressure Pa in. Hg d
b
y
pe Saturated Vapor Pressure at tw Pa in. Hg T
h
pp Partial Vapor Pressure Pa in. Hg o
m
s
Q Damper Volumetric Airflow Rate m3/s cfm o
n
Qs Test Damper Volumetric Airflow S
c
e i
at Standard Air Conditions m3/s cfm n
ti
fi
Qx Volumetric Airflow Rate at Plane x m3/s cfm c
,
In
R Gas Constant J/kg-K ft-lbf/lbm-°R c
,.
Re Reynolds Number dimensionless w
w
T Torque N-m lb- in. w
te .
td Dry-Bulb Temperature °C °F c
h
ts Static Temperature °C °F s
tr
e
tt Total Temperature °C °F e
t.
c
o
tw Wet-Bulb Temperature °C °F m
.
V Velocity m/s fpm
W Damper Width m ft
y Thickness of Straightener Element m ft

2
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ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
Y Nozzle Expansion Factor dimensionless te
ri
α Static Pressure Ratio for Nozzles dimensionless a
l
li
β Diameter Ratio for Nozzles dimensionless c
e
n
γ Ratio of Specific Heats dimensionless s
e
d
∆P Damper Pressure Differential Pa in. wg to
∆Pn Pressure Differential Across Nozzle Pa in. wg A
li
s
∆Px,x' Pressure Differential Between Planes x and x' Pa in. wg ta
ir
∆Ps Pressure Drop Across Test Damper at Standard B
o r
Air Conditions Pa in. wg o
k
s
o
µ Air Viscosity Pa-s 3 lbm/ft-s n
ρ Air Density kg/m lbm/ft3 5
1
-M
ρx Air Density at Plane x kg/m3 lbm/ft3 a
r-
2
0
1
4.2 Additional subscripts (planes of measurement) 1
o f
r
li
SUBSCRIPT DESCRIPTION c
e
n
s
e
e
c Converted parameter s '
u
d Damper s
e
DS Damper and system o
n
y l
n Nozzle .
N
r Reading o
u f
s System
tr
e h
r
tt1 T
Test
est parameter
number 1 e r
p
r
t2 Test number 2 o
d
u
x Plane 0, 1, 2, ..., as appropriate c
ti
o
0 Plane 0 (general test area) n
o
1 Plane of inlet of damper being tested r
n
2 Plane of outlet of damper being tested e
tw
3 Plane of Pitot traverse o
rk
4 Plane of duct Ps measurement downstream of damper being tested in
g
i
5 Plane of Ps measurement at nozzle inlet s
p
e
6 Plane of Ps measurement at nozzle discharge station rm

7 Plane of Ps measurement in chamber downstream of damper being tested tti

e
d
8 Plane of Ps measurement in chamber upstream of damper being tested .
D
9 Plane of duct Ps measurement upstream of damper being tested s i
tr
b
u i
te
5. Definitions 5.1.3 Curtain damper. A damper which uses a d
b
folded, interlocked series of blades. y
T
h
5.1 Damper o
m
5.1.4 Backdraft damper (shutter). A backdraft s
o
n
A device
device mounted in a duct or opening which is used damper is a damper which, when mounted in a duct S
c
to vary the volume of air flowing through the duct or or opening, permits the flow of air in one direction e i
n
opening. It may be operated manually or only.. It is normally opened
only opened by the energy of the air ti
fi
c
mechanically and may have one or more blades. stream, but may be opened and/or closed by ,
In
mechanical means. A counter-balanced backdraft c
,.
damper has weights and/or springs added to the w
5.1.1 Single blade damper. A damper having one w
w
blade. blade or blades to facilitate or impede the opening or te .
closing action. c
h
s
tr
5.1.2 Multi-blade damper. A damper having more e
e
than one blade. The damper is a parallel blade 5.2 Air control damper t.
c
o
damper if the blades rotate in the same direction; and m
.
an opposed blade damper if adjacent blades rotate in A mechanical device which does not fit the definition
opposite directions. of a damper and which when placed in a duct or
opening is used to regulate airflow.
airflow.

3
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
5.3 Free area 5.6 Pressure te
ri
a
l
li
The minimum area through which air can pass. It is 5.6.1 Pressure. Pressure is force per unit area. This c
e
n
determined by multiplying the sum of the minimum corresponds to energy per unit volume of fluid. s
e
d
distances between intermediate blades, top blade to
and head and bottom blade and sill, by the minimum 5.6.2 Absolute pressure. Absolute pressure
pressure is the A
li
s
distance between jambs. The percent of free area is value of a pressure when the datum pressure is ta
ir
the free area thus calculated, divided by the gross absolute zero. It is always positive. B
o r
area of the
the air control
control damper × 100. See damper o
k
s
o
cross-sections (Figure 1). 5.6.3 Barometric
the absolute pressure
pressure . Barometric
exerted pressure at
by the atmosphere is n
1
5
5.3.1 Free area velocity. Airflow through a damper the location of measurement. -M
divided by its free area. a
r-
2
5.6.4 Gauge pressure. Gauge pressure is the value 0
1
1
5.4 Face area of a pressure when the reference pressure is the f
o
barometric pressure
pressure at the point of measurement. It r
li
c
The total cross-sectional area of a damper, duct or may be negative or positive. e
n
s
wall opening. e
e
s '
5.6.5 Velocity pressure . Velocity pressure is that u
s
5.4.1 Face area velocity. Airflow through a damper portion of the air pressure which exists by virtue of e
o
divided by its face area. the rate of motion
motion only.
only. It is always positive.
positive. n
l
y
.
N
5.5 Psychrometrics 5.6.6 Static pressure . Static pressure is that portion o
u f
of the air pressure which exists by virtue of the tr
e h
r
5.5.1 Dry-bulb. Dry-bulb temperature is the air degree of compression only
only.. If expressed as gauge e r
temperature measured by a dry temperature sensor.
sensor. pressure, it may be negative or positive. p
o r
d
u
5.6.7 Tot al pressure . Total pressure is the air
Total c
5.5.2 Wet-bulb. Wet-bulb temperature is the ti
o
temperature measured by a temperature sensor pressure which exists by virtue of the degree of n
o
compression and the rate of motion.motion. It is the the r
covered by a water-moistened wick and exposed to e
n
air in motion.
motion. When properly measured,
measured, it is a close
close algebraic sum of the velocity pressure and the static tw
o
approximation of the temperature of adiabatic pressure at a point. Thus, if the air is at rest, the
the total rk
in
saturation. pressure will equal the static pressure. g
s i
p
e
5.5.3 Tot
Total
al temperatur
temperature e. The temperature which differentiall. Pressure differential is
5.6.8 Pressure differentia rm
the change in static pressure across a damper. tti
exists by virtue of the internal and kinetic energy of e
d
the air or gas. If the air or gas is at rest, the total .
D
temperature will equal the static temperature. 5.7 Performance variables s i
tr
b
u i
5.7.1 Pressure drop. Pressure drop is a measure te
5.5.4 Static temperature . The temperature which d
exists by virtue of the internal energy of the air only
only.. of the resistance
resistance to airflow across
across a damper.
damper. It is b
y
expressed as the difference in static pressure across T
h
o
If a portion of the internal energy is converted into a damper for a specific rate of airflow. m
s
o
kinetic energy, the static temperature will be n
S
decreased accordingly. 5.7.2 Closure pressure. Closure pressure is the c
e i
differential pressure across the damper when the n
ti
fi
5.5.5 Air density. The mass per unit volume of air.
air. damper is closed. c
,
In
c
5.5.6 Standard air. Standard air is air with a density 5.7.3 Airflow leakage. Airflow leakage is the amount ,.
w
w
of 1.2 kg/m3 (0.075 lbm/ft3), a ratio of specific heats of air passing through a damper when it is in the w
te .
viscosity of 1.8185 × 10-5 Pa-s (1.222 × 10-5
of 1.4, a viscosity closed position and at a specific pressure differential.
c
It is expressed as the volumetric rate of air passing h
lbm/ft-s). Air at 20°C (68°F) temperature, 50% s
tr
relative humidity, and 101.3207 kPa (29.92 in. Hg) through the damper divided by the face area. e
e
t.
c
o
barometric pressure has these properties, m
approximately. 5.7.4 Ambient temperature dynamic closure. .
Ambient temperature (0°C - 49°C (32°F - 120°F))
dynamic closure is the ability of a damper to properly

4
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
travel from the full open to the full closed position the pressure differential across the damper in the te
ri
while exposed to specific airflow conditions at closed position.
position. The airflow face velocity
velocity is thethe a
l
li
ambient temperature.
temperature. The specific airflow
airflow conditions velocity established when the damper is in the open c
e
n
are the airflow face velocity when the damper is in the position. The pressure differential is established s
e
d
open position and the pressure differential across the when the damper is in the closed position. All airflow to
damper in the the closed position. The airflow face measurements are established at ambient A
li
s
velocity is the velocity established with the damper in temperature conditions and are corrected to standard ta
ir
the open position. The pressure differential is air. B
o r
established when the damper is in the closed o
k
position. All airflow measurements and pressure pressure 5.7.8 Dynamic operation torque. Dynamic s
o
differential measurements
measurements are established at ambient operation torque is the torque at varying angles of n
1
conditions and are corrected to standard
standard air.
air. The rotation of the axle which operates the damper from 5
-M
damper can be tested in either a ducted or in-wall the full open, to the full closed, and back to the full a
r-
2
installation. open position while exposed to specific airflow 0
1
conditions. The specific
specific airflow conditions are
are the 1
o f
5.7.5 Elevated temperature dynamic closure. airflow face velocity when the damper is in the open r
li
c
Elevated temperature dynamic closure is the ability of position and the pressure differential across the e
n
s
a damper to properly travel from the full open to the damper in the closed position. All airflow e
e
full closed position while exposed to specific airflow measurements and pressure differential s '
u
conditions at a specified elevated air temperature. measurements are established at ambient conditions s
e
o
and are corrected to standard air.
air. n
y l
The specific airflow conditions are the airflow face .
N
velocity when the damper is in the open position and 5.8 Miscellaneous o
u f
the pressure differential across the damper in the tr
e h
r
closed position. The airflow
airflow face velocity
velocity is the 5.8.1 Shall and should. The word shall is to be e r
velocity established with the damper in the open understood as mandatory, the word should as p
o r
position. The pressure differential is established advisory. d
u
when the damper is in the closed position. All airflow c
ti
o
measurements and pressure differential 5.8.2 Determination. A determina
determination
tion is a complete n
o
measurements are established at ambient conditions set of measurements for a particular point of r
n
e
and are corrected to to standard air. This test test is operation of the test damper
damper.. The measurements
measurements tw
o
conducted in a ducted installation only. must be sufficient to determine all appropriate rk
in
performance variables as defined in Section 5.7. g
i
5.7.6 Ambient temperature operation. Ambient s
p
e
temperature (0°C - 49°C (32°F - 120°F)) operation is 5.8.3 Test. A determination or a series of rm
the ability of a damper to properly travel from the full determinations for various points of operation of a tti
e
open to full closed position and, if a motorized d
damper. .
D
damper,, back to a full open position while exposed to
damper s i
tr
specific airflow conditions at ambient temperature. 5.8.4 Energy factor. Energy factor is the ratio of the
b
u i
The specific airflow conditions are the airflow face total kinetic energy of the flow to the kinetic energy te
d
velocity when the damper is in the open position and corresponding to the average velocity. b
y
the pressure differential across the damper in the T
h
closed position. The airflow
airflow face velocity
velocity is the o
5.8.5 Seating torque. Seating torque
torque is the torque
torque m
s
velocity established when the damper is in the open specified to properly seal the test damper. o
n
position. The pressure differential is established S
c
i
when the damper is in the closed position.
position. All airflow 6. Instruments and Methods of Measurement e
n
ti
measurements are established at ambient conditions c
fi
,
and are corrected to standard air. 6.1 Accuracy [4] In
c
,.
w
5.7.7 Elevated temperature operation. Elevated w
The specifications for instruments and methods of w
temperature operation is the operational ability of a measurement which follow include accuracy te .
c
damper to properly travel from full open to full closed h
requirements and/or specific examples of equipment s
tr
position at elevated temperatures and, if a motorized that are capable of meeting those requirements. e
e
t.
c
damper, o
exposed operate back toairflow
to specified a full open position while
conditions. The Equipment other than the examples cited may be m
used provided the accuracy requirements are met or .
specified airflow conditions are the airflow face exceeded.
velocity when the damper is in the open position and

5
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
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6.2 Pressure 6.2.1.3 Correction
Corrections s. Manometer readings shall be te
ri
corrected for any difference in specific weight of a
l
li
The total pressure at a point shall be measured on an gauge fluid from standard, any difference in gas c
e
n
indicator,, such as a manometer, with one leg open to
indicator column balancing effect from standard, or any s
e
d
atmosphere and the other leg connected to a total change in length of the graduated scale due to to
pressure sensor, such as a total pressure tube or the temperature. However
However,, corrections may be omitted
omitted A
li
for temperatures between 14°C and 26°C (58°F and s
impact tap of a Pitot-static
Pitot-static tube. The static pressure
pressure ta
ir
at a point shall be measured on an indicator, such as 78°F), latitudes between 30° and 60°, and elevations B
r
a manometer, with one leg open to the atmosphere up to 1500 m (5000 ft). o
o
k
and the other leg connected to a static pressure s
o
sensor, such as a static pressure tap or the static tap 6.2.2 Pitot-st atic tubes [5]. The total
Pitot-static total pressure or n
1
of a Pitot-static
Pitot-static tube. The velocity pressure at a point the static pressure at a point may be sensed with a 5
-M
shall be measured on an indicator, such as a Pitot-static
Pitot-static tube of the proportions shown in Figure 2. a
r-
Either or both of these pressure signals can then be 2
manometer, with one leg connected to a total 0
1
pressure sensor, such as the impact tap of a Pitot- transmitted to a manometer
manometer or other indicator.
indicator. If both 1
o f
static tube, and the other leg connected to a static pressure signals are transmitted to the same r
li
c
pressure sensor, such as the static tap of the same indicator, the differential shall be considered the e
n
Pitot-static
Pitot-stat ic tube. The differential
differential pressure
pressure between velocity pressure at the point of the impact opening. s
e
e
two points shall be measured on an indicator, such as s '
u
a manometer, with one leg connected to the 6.2.2.1 Calibration. Pitot-static tubes having the s
e
upstream sensor, such as a static pressure tap, and proportions shown in Figure 2 are considered primary o
n
y l
the other leg connected to the downstream sensor, instruments and need not be calibrated provided they .
N
such as a static pressure tap. are maintained in the specified condition. o
u f
tr
eh
r
6.2.1 Manometers and and other pressure
pressure indicating
indicating 6.2.2.2
sufficientSize
size.and
The Pitot-static
strength tube shall
to withstand be of
the pressure r
instruments. Pressure shall be measured on e
p
forces exerted upon it. The outside diameter
diameter of the r
manometers of the liquid column type using inclined o
d
u
or vertical legs or other instruments which provide a tube shall not exceed 1/30 of the test duct diameter c
ti
except that when the length of the supporting stem o
maximum uncertainty of 1% of the maximum n
o
observed test reading during the test or 3 Pa (0.01 in. exceeds 24 tube diameters, the stem may be r
n
wg) whichever is larger. progressively increased beyond
beyond this distance. The e
tw
minimum practical tube diameter is 2.5 mm (0.10 in.). o
rk
6.2.1.1 Calibration. Each pressure indicating in
g
instrument shall be calibrated at both ends of the 6.2.2.3 Support. Rigid support shall be provided to s i
p
scale and at least nine equally spaced intermediate hold the Pitot-static tube axis parallel to the axis of e
rm
points in accordance with the following: the duct within 1 degree at the head locations tti
e
specified in Figure 3 within 1.2 mm (0.05 in.) or d
.
(1) When the pressure to be indicated falls in the 0.25% of the duct diameter, whichever is larger. D
s i
range of 0 to 2.5 kPa (0 to 10 in. wg), calibration Straighteners are specified so that flow lines will be tr
b
u i
shall be against a water-filled hook gauge of the approximately parallel to the duct axis. te
d
micrometer type or a precision micromanometer. b
y
6.2.3 Static pressure taps [6] . The static
static pressure T
h
(2) When the pressure to be indicated
indicated is above 2.5 at a point may be sensed with a pressure tap of the o
m
kPa (10 in. wg), calibration shall be against a proportions shown in Figure 4. The pressure signal s
o
n
water- filled hook gauge of the micrometer type, can then be transmitted to an indicator. S
c
a precision micromanometer, or a water-filled U- e i
n
tube. 6.2.3.1 Calibration. Pressure taps having the ti
fi
c
proportions shown in Figure 4 are considered primary ,
In
6.2.1.2 Averaging. Since the the airflow and pressures instruments and need not be calibrated provided they c
,.
are maintained
maintained in the specified condition. Every w
through a damper in a typical system are never w
w
strictly steady, the pressure indicated on any precaution should be taken to ensure that the air te .
instrument will
will fluctuate with
with time. In order to obtain velocity does not influence the pressure c
h
s
a representative reading, either the instrument must measurement. tr
e
e
be damped or the readings must be averaged in a
t.
c
suitable manner. Averaging can sometimes be 6.2.3.2 Averaging. An individual
individual pressure tap
tap is o
m
sensitive only to the pressure in the immediate .
accomplished mentally,
mentally, particularly if the fluctuations
are small and regular. Multi-point or continuous vicinity of the
the hole. In order to obtain
obtain an average, at
record averaging can be accomplished with least four identical taps shall be manifolded into a
instruments and analyzers designed for this purpose. piezometer ring.
ring. The manifold shall have anan inside
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ANSI/AMCA
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area at least four times that of each tap. when a duct is connected to the inlet of the nozzle, te
ri
the ratio of nozzle throat diameter to the diameter of a
l
6.2.3.3 Piezometer rings. Piezometer rings are li
the inlet duct shall not exceed 0.525. c
e
specified for upstream and downstream nozzle taps n
s
e
and for outlet duct or chamber measurements unless 6.3.2.2 Calibration. The standard nozzle is d
to
Pitot traverse is
is specified. Measuring planes shall be considered a primary instrument and need not be A
li
located as shown in the figure for the appropriate calibrated if maintained in the specified condition. s
ta
setup. ir
Reliable coefficients have been established for throat B
o r
dimensions L = 0.5 D and L = 0.6 D, shown in Figure o
6.2.4 Other pressure indicating instrument
instruments s. k
7 [10].
[10]. Throat dimension L = 0.6 D is recommended s
o
Pressure measuring systems consisting of indicators for new construction. n
1
and sensors other than manometers and Pitot-static 5
-M
tubes, or static pressure taps may be used if the 6.3.2.3 Chamber nozzles. Nozzles without integral a
r-
combined uncertainty of the system including any throat taps may be used for multiple nozzle chambers 0
2
1
transducers does not exceed the combined in which case upstream and downstream pressure 1
o f
uncertainty for an appropriate combination of taps shall be located as shown in the figure for the r
li
manometers and Pitot-static tubes, or static pressure c
appropriate setup. Alternatively
Alternatively,, nozzles with throat e
n
taps. These instruments
instruments shall be capable
capable of reading taps may be used in which case the throat taps s
e
e
data at a minimum of 100 samples per second. located as shown in Figure 7 shall be used in place s '
u
of the downstream pressure taps shown in the figure s
e
6.3 Airflow rate o
for the setup and the piezometer for each nozzle n
y l
shall be connected to its own indicator. .
N
An airflow rate shall be calculat
calculated
ed either from o
u f
measurements of velocity pressure obtained by Pitot 6.3.2.4 Ducted nozzles. Nozzles with
with integral throat tr
eh
r
traverse or from measurements of pressure taps shall be used for ducted nozzle setups. r
differential across a flow nozzle. An airflow rate less
less Upstream pressure taps shall be located as shown in e
p
or
3 -1
than 0.005 m s (10 cfm) may be measured directly the figure
figure for the appropriate
appropriate setup. Downstream d
u
using a flow meter. taps are the integral throat taps and shall be located c
ti
o
as shown in Figure 7. n
o
6.3.1 Pitot traverse [7]. An airflow
airflow rate may be check tap distance r
n
e
calculated from the velocity pressures obtained by 6.3.2.5 Taps. All pressure taps
taps shall conform
conform to the tw
o
traverses of a duct with a Pitot-static tube provided specification in Section 6.2.3 regarding geometry, rk
in
the average velocity corresponding to the airflow rate number, and manifolding into piezometer rings. g
s i
is at least 6.35 m/s (1250 fpm). p
e
6.3.3 Airflow meter. Airflow rates
rates may be measured
measured rm
6.3.1.1 Traverse point. The number and locations directly using a calibrated airflow meter capable of tti
e
d
of the measuring points on rectangular and round measuring airflow in increments of 0.0002 m 3/s (25 .
D
ducts shall be as specified in Figure 3. cubic feet per hour) or less. s i
tr
b
u i
6.3.1.2 Averaging. The points shown
shown in Figure 3 are 6.3.4 Other airflow measuring methods. Airflow te
d
located according to the log-linear rule for round measuring methods which utilize meters or traverses b
y
ducts [8] and the log-Tchebycheff rule for rectangular other than airflow nozzles or Pitot traverses may be T
h
o
ducts. The arithmetic mean
mean of the individual velocity
velocity used if the uncertainty introduced by the method m
s
measurements made at these points will be the mean does not exceed that introduced by an appropriate o
n
velocity through the measuring section for the subject airflow nozzle or Pitot traverse method. The S
c
e i
velocity profiles [9]. contribution to the combined uncertainty in the flow n
ti
rate measurement shall not exceed that fi
c
,
6.3.2 Nozzles. Airflow rate
rate may be calculated from corresponding to 1.2% of the discharge coefficient for In
c
the pressure differential measured across a flow a flow nozzle [11]. ,.
w
nozzle or bank of nozzles for any point of operation w
w
provided the pressure differential across the nozzle .
6.4 Torque te
c
bank is at least 25 Pa (0.1 in. wg).
wg). The uncertainty of s
h
tr
the airflow rate measurement can be reduced by A torque meter having a demonstrated accuracy of e
e
t.
c
changing o
nozzles fortolowa airflow
smaller nozzle or combination of
rates. ±2% of observed reading may be used. m
.
6.4.1 Calibration. A torque device
device shall have a
6.3.2.1 Size. Nozzles shall conform to Figure 7. static calibration and may have a running calibration
Nozzles may
may be of any convenient size. However
However,, through its
its range of usage. The static
static calibration
calibration

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shall be made by suspending weights from a torque 6.5.2.2 Corrections. Barometric readings shall be te
ri
arm. The weights shall have certified
certified accuracies
accuracies of corrected for any difference in mercury density from a
l
li
±0.2%. The length of the torque arm shall be standard or any change in length of the graduated c
e
n
determined to an accuracy of ±0.2%. scale due to temperature.
temperature. Refer to manufacturer's s
e
d
instructions. to
6.4.2 Tare. The zero torque equilibrium
equilibrium (tare)
(tare) and A
li
s
the span of the readout system shall be checked 6.6 Voltage ta
ir
before and after
after each
each test. In each case, the B
o r
difference shall be within 0.5% of the maximum value Actuator input voltage during the test shall be within o
k
measured during the test. s
o
±1% of the voltage shown on the actuator nameplate. n
1
5
6.5 Air density 6.7 Meters -M
a
r-
2
Air density shall be calculated
calculated from measurements
measurements of Electrical meters shall have certified accuracies of 0
1
1
wet-bulb temperature, dry-bulb temperature, and ±1.0% of observed reading. It is preferable that the f
o
barometric pressure. Other parameters may be r
same meters be used for the test as for the li
c
measured and used if the maximum error in the calibration. e
n
s
calculated density does not exceed 0.5%. e
e
s '
6.8 Pneumatic actuator supply air pressure u
s
6.5.1 Thermometers. Both wet and dry-bulb e
o
temperatures shall be measured with thermometers Pneumatic actuator supply air pressure during a test n
l
y
or other instruments with demonstrated accuracy of .
shall be within 5% of the desired test pressure. N
±1°C (2°F) and readability of 0.5°C (1°F) or finer
finer.. o
u f
6.9 Pressure gauges tr
e h
6.5.1.1 Calibration. Thermometers shall be r
e r
calibrated over the range of temperatures to be p
Supply air pressure for a pneumatic actuator shall be o r
encountered during test against a thermometer with measured with a pressure gauge or other instrument d
u
a calibration that is traceable to the National Institute c
with a demonstrated accuracy of 10 kPa (1 psi) and ti
o
of Standards and Technology (NIST) or other national n
a readability of 10 kPa (1 psi) or less. o
r
physical measures recognized as equivalent by n
e
NIST. tw
6.10 Chronometers o
rk
in
6.5.1.2 Wet-Bulb. The wet-bulb
wet-bulb thermometer
thermometer shall g
Time measurements shall be made with a watch s i
have an air velocity over the water-moistened wick- p
having minimum accuracy of ±0.2%. e
covered bulb of 3.5 to 10 m/s (700 to 2000 fpm) [12]. rm
The dry-bulb thermometer shall be mounted tti
6.11 Velocity meters e
d
upstream of the wet-bulb thermometer so its reading .
D
will not be depressed. s i
Air velocity meters shall have an accuracy ±3% (of tr
b
u i
6.5.2 Barometers. The barometric pressure shall reading) or ±0.05 m/s (10 fpm), whichever is greater. te
d
be measured with a mercury column barometer or b
y
other instrument with a demonstrated accuracy of 7. Equipment and Setups T
h
o
±170 Pa (0.05 in. Hg) and readable to 34 Pa (0.01 in. m
s
Hg) or finer. 7.1 Setups o
n
S
c
i
6.5.2.1 Calibration. Barometers shall be calibrated Twenty damper setups are diagramed in Figures 5.1,
Twenty e
n
ti
against a mercury column barometer with a 5.2, 5.3, 5.4,
5.4, 5.5, 5.6,
5.6, 5.7, 5.8 and 5.9. Six airflow
airflow c
fi
,
calibration that is traceable to the National Institute of measurement setups are diagramed in Figures 6.1, In
c
Standards and Technology (NIST) or other national 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5 and 6.6. ,.
w
physical measures recognized as equivalent by w
w
NIST.. A conven
NIST convenient
ient method of doing this is to use an 7.1.1 Installat ion types. There are four categories
Installation te .
c
aneroid barometer as a transfer instrument and carry of installation types which can be used with dampers. s
h
tr
it back and forth to the Weather Bureau Station for e
e
tc .
comparison [13]. Barometers shall be maintained in
[13]. The installation typesare:
and the corresponding test o
good condition. damper setup figures m
.

Figure 5.1 Free inlet, ducted outlet

Figure 5.2 Ducted inlet, free outlet

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Figure 5.3, 5.9 Ducted inlet,
inlet, ducted outlet te
M = 4ab / π Eq. 7.2 ri
Figures 5.4, 5.5, 5.7 Free inlet, free outlet a
l
li
c
e
7.1.2 Leakage. The ducts, chambers and other 7.3.1 Outlet chamber (Figure 5.4). An outlet s
n
e
equipment utilized should be designed to withstand chamber shall have a cross-sectional area at least d
to
the pressure and other forces to be encountered. All fifteen times the free area of the damper being A
tested. li
s
joints between the damper and the measuring
measuring plane, ta
ir
including the nozzle wall if used, shall leak no more B
than 10% of the total flow at the test pressure or 2 7.3.2 Inlet chamber (Figure 5.5). Inlet chambers o r
o
cfm whichever is greater. shall have a cross-sectional area at least three times k
s
o
the free area of the damper being tested. n
1
5
7.2 Ducts -M
7.3.3 Outlet/inlet plenum (Figure 5.7) . Plenum size a
r-
shall be larger than the test damper by a minimum of 2
A duct may be incorporated in a laboratory setup to 0
1
305 mm (12 in.) on all four sides. The plenum height 1
provide a measuring plane or to simulate the f
shall be no less than the plenum length. o
r
conditions the damper is expected to encounter in li
c
service or both. The dimension
dimension D in the test damper e
n
7.3.4 Airflow settling means. Airflow settling means
settling means s
setup figure is the inside diameter of a circular cross- e
e
shall be installed in a chamber where indicated on s '
section duct or equivalent diameter of a rectangular u
the test setup figures to provide proper airflow s
cross-section duct with inside transverse dimensions e
patterns. o
a and b where: n
l
y
.
D = 4ab / π Eq. 7.1 Where a measuring plane is located downstream of o
N

the settling means, the settling means is provided to u f

tr
insure a substantially uniform flow ahead of the e h
7.2.1 Transformation pieces . beTransformation r
pieces used in the test setups shall in compliance measuring plane. In this case, the maximum local local e r
p
with Figure 8. velocity at a distance 0.1M downstream of the screen o r
d
shall not exceed the average velocity by more than u
c
ti
7.2.2 Roundness. The portion of a Pitot traverse
traverse 25% unless the maximum local velocity is less than 2 o
n
duct within one-half duct diameter of either side of the m/s (400 fpm). o
r
n
plane of measurement shall be round within 0.5% or e
tw
1.5 mm (1/16 in.) of the duct diameter, whichever is Where a measuring plane is located upstream of the o
rk
greater.. The remainder of the duct shall be round
greater settling means, the purpose of the settling screen is in
g
within 1% or 3 mm (0.125 in.) of the duct diameter, to absorb the kinetic energy of the upstream jet, and s i
p
whichever is greater.
greater. The area of the plane of allow its normal expansion as if in an unconfined e
rm
measurement shall be determined from the average space. This requires some backflow to supply the air
tti
to mix at the jet boundaries, but the maximum e
of four diameters measured at 45° increments. The d
.
diameter measurements shall be accurate to 0.2%. reverse velocity shall not exceed 10% of the D
s i
calculated Plane 6 mean jet velocity. tr
b
u i
7.2.3 Straighteners. Straighteners or star te
straighteners shall be used in ducts which provide Where measuring planes are located on both sides of d
b
the settling means within the chamber, the y
measuring planes for airflow measurement. The T
h
downstream plane of the straightener shall be requirements for each side as outlined above shall be o
m
located between 5 and 5.25 duct diameters upstream met. s
o
n
of the plane of the Pitot traverse or piezometer S
Any combination of screens or perforated plates that c
station. The form
form of the straightener
straightener shall be as e i
n
specified in Figure 9A or Figure 9B [14]. meet these requirements may be used, but in general ti
fi
c
a reasonable chamber length for the settling means ,
In
7.3 Chambers is necessary toto meet both requirements. Three (3) c
,.
uniform square mesh round wire screens spaced w
w
0.1M apart with 45%, 45%, and 40% open areas for w
A chamber may be be incorporated in
in a laboratory
laboratory setup te .
to provide a measuring station or to simulate the the first, second, and third screen respectively will c
h
s
conditions the damper is expected to encounter in meet the above performance specification. tr
e
Tolerance
olerancess of ±2% open area are allowable. A e
service or both. A chamber may have a circular or tc .
performance check will be necessary to verify the o
rectangular cross-sectional
cross-sectional shape. The dimension M m
flow settling means are providing proper flow .
in the airflow measurement setup diagram is the
inside diameter of a circular chamber or the patterns. The spacing of measurements shall be in
equivalent diameter of dimensions a and b where: accordance with Figure 3.

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7.3.5 Multiple nozzles. Multiple nozzles shall be 8.1.2 Data to be recorded te
ri
located as symmetrically
symmetrically as possible.
possible. The centerline a
l
li
of each nozzle shall be at least 1.5 nozzle throat 8.1.2.1 Test damper. The description of the the test c
e
n
diameters from the chamber wall. The minimum damper, including the model, the damper type, (i.e., s
e
d
distance between centers of any two nozzles in curtain damper, single blade damper, multi-blade to
simultaneous use shall be three times the throat damper) size, and face area shall be recorded. A
li
s
diameter of the larger nozzle. ta
ir
8.1.2.2 Test setup. The description of the test setup
setup B
o r
7.4 Variable supply and exhaust systems including specific dimensions shall be recorded. o
k
s
o
Reference shall be made to the figures in this n
A means of varying the points of operation shall be 1
standard. Alternatively
Alternatively,, a drawing or annotated 5
provided in a laboratory setup. -M
photograph of the setup shall be attached to the data. a
r-
2
7.4.1 Throttling dampers . Throttling devices may 0
1
8.1.2.3 Instruments. The instruments and 1
be used to control
control the point of operation. Such f
o
devices shall be located on the end of the duct or apparatus used in the test
test shall be listed. Names, r
li
c
chamber and shall be symmetrical about the duct or model numbers, serial numbers, scale ranges, and e
n
s
chamber axis. ambient calibration information shall be recorded. e
e
s '
measurements u
8.1.2.4 Airflow measurement test data. Test data
test data s
exhaust fan. A fan may be used to
7.4.2 Supply or exhaust e
o
control the point of operation of the test damper.
damper. The for each determination
determination shall
shall be recorded.
recorded. Readings n
y l
fan shall provide sufficient pressure at the desired shall be made simultaneously whenever possible. .
N
airflow rate to overcome losses through the test For all types of tests, three readings of ambient dry- o
u f
setup. Airflow adjustment
adjustment means, such as a damper,
damper, bulb temperature (tdo), ambient wet-bulb temperature tr
e h
pitch control,
control, or speed
speed control may be required. A (two), and ambient barometric pressure (pb) shall be r
e r
supply fan shall not surge or pulsate during a test. recorded unless the readings are steady in which p
o r
The airflow generating equipment is to be capable of case only one need be recorded. d
u
producing the prescribed airflow and pressure c
ti
o
conditions without the use of pressure relief dampers. 8.1.2.4.1 Pitot test (Figure 6.1). For a Pitot traverse n
o
r
test, one reading each of velocity pressure ( Pv3r) and n
e
8. Objective, Observations and Conduct static pressure (Ps3r) shall be recorded for each Pitot tw
o
rk
of Test station. In addition, three
three readings for traverse-plane in
dry-bulb temperature (td3) shall be recorded unless g
s i
8.1 Air performance - pressure drop test the readings are steady in which case only one need p
e
rm
be recorded.
tti
The objective of this test is to determine the e
d
.
relationship of airflow rate and the pressure drop 8.1.2.4.2 Duct nozzle
nozzle test (Figure
(Figure 6.2). For a duct D
i
across a damper. nozzle test, one reading each of nozzle pressure s
tr
b
u i
drop (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature ( td5) and te
8.1.1 General requirement
requirements
s approach static pressure ( Ps5) shall be recorded. d
b
y
T
8.1.1.1 Determinations. A test shall consist of five h
8.1.2.4.3 Chamber nozzle test
test (Figures
(Figures 6.3 and o
m
or more determinations taken at approximately equal 6.5). For a chamber nozzle tests, the nozzle s
o
increments of flow rate covering the range desired. n
combinations and one reading each of nozzle S
c
pressure drop (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature e i
n
8.1.1.2 Equilibrium. Equilibrium conditions shall
shall be (td5), and approach static pressure (Ps5) shall be ti
fi
c
established before
before each determination.
determination. To test for recorded. ,
In
equilibrium, trial observations shall be made until c
,.
steady readings are obtained. Limits on airflow w
8.1.2.4.4 Single nozzle chamber test (Figure 6.4). w
w
measurement by For a single nozzle chamber tests, one reading each te .
8.1.1.3 Airflow measurement. Airflow velocity at of chamber dry-bulb temperature (td5), nozzle c
h
the plane of measurement whenmethod
determined by using pressure drop (∆Pn), and chamber static pressure
s
tr
e
a Pitot-static tube shall not be less than 6.35 m/s e
t.
c
(1250 fpm). When nozzles are used to determine
determine the (Ps5) shall be recorded. o
m
airflow rate, the minimum Pn shall be 25 Pa (0.1 in. .
8.1.2.5 Test damper setup . Each damper shall be
wg) at the minimum airflow rate of the test.
tested in a setup which simulates its intended field
installation (see Section 7.1.1). Table 1 displays

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allowable combinations of airflow rate measurement 8.1.2.5.3 Damper with inlet and outlet ducts te
ri
and test damper setups. (Figure 5.3). One reading per determination of a
l
li
pressure drop across the test damper (∆P9,4) and the c
e
n
8.1.2.5.1 Damper with outlet duct (Figure 5.1) . plane 9 dry bulb temperature ( td9) shall be recorded. s
e
d
One reading per determination of outlet duct static to
pressure (Ps4) shall be recorded. 8.1.2.5.4 Damper with outlet chamber (Figure A
li
s
5.4). One reading per determination of chamber ta
ir
(Figure 5.2). One
8.1.2.5.2 Damper with inlet duct (Figure static pressure (Ps7) shall be recorded. B
o r
reading per determination of inlet duct static pressure o
k
s
o
Ps9), and the plane 9 dry bulb temperature ( td9) shall
(be 8.1.2.5.5. Damper with inlet chamber (Figure
(Figure 5.5). n
recorded. One reading per determination of chamber static 1
5
pressure (Ps8) and chamber temperature ( td8) shall be -M
a
recorded. r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
Table 1 - Allowable combinations of airflow rate measurement and test damper setups c
li
e
n
Test damper setups Airflow measurement setups s
e
e
s '
Figure Connection plane Figure Connection plane u
s
e
o
6.1 B n
y l
.
6.2 B o
N
5.1 Z u f
6.3 A tr
e h
r
6.4 A e r
p
o r
d
6.1 C u
c
Y ti
o
5.2 6.2 C n
o
r
n
X 6.5 B e
tw
o
6.1 C rk
in
Y g
5.3 6.2 C s i
p
e
rm
X 6.5 B
tti
e
d
6.1 B .
D
Y s i
6.2 B tr
b
u i
5.4 6.3 B
te
d
X b
y
6.4 B T
h
o
m
6.1 C s
o
X n
S
5.5 6.2 C c
e i
n
ti
Y 6.5 A c
fi
,
In
6.1 B c
,.
w
6.2 B w
w
5.7A, 5.7E X te .
6.3 A c
h
s
tr
e
6.4 A e
t.
c
o
6.1 C m
.

5.7B, 5.7F Y 6.2 C

6.5 B

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m
a
8.1.2.5.6 Damper with outlet plenum (Figures Damper mounting position te
ri
5.7A and 5.7E). One reading
reading per determination of Blade orientation a
l
li
chamber static pressure (Ps7) shall be recorded. Blade action c
e
n
Blade position (open or closed) s
e
d
8.1.2.5.7 Damper with inlet plenum (Figures 5.7B Airflow direction to
and 5.7F). One reading per determination of Personnel A
li
s
chamber static pressure ( Ps8) and chamber Date ta
ir
temperature (td8) shall be recorded. Test ID# B
o r
Lab name o
k
s
o
8.1.3 Conduct of test Lab location
Reference to AMCA Standard 500-D n
1
5
8.1.3.1 General requirement
requirements s. Each test shall be -M

conducted at ambient temperatures between (0°C - 8.1.4.1 Performance curves. The results of a a
r-
2
49°C (32°F - 120°F)). A testtest is a complete
complete set of damper test shall be presented as performance 0
1
curves. 1
measurements (or determinations), with one set of o f
r
measurements for each setting of airflow and c
li
pressure drop. The damperdamper shall be tested with 8.1.4.1.1 Coordinates. A performance curve shall e
n
s
airflow in both directions with the exception of a be drawn with airflow rate as absciss
abscissa.a. Static e
e
pressure shall be plotted as ordinate. If all results s '
backdraft damper or a damper specifically labeled for u
were obtained at the same air density or if results s
airflow in one direction. e
o
were converted to a nominal density, such density n
y l
8.1.3.1.1 Backdraft dampers. A test shall begin shall be listed; otherwise a curve with air density as .
N
with the lowest airflow value, the damper being ordinate shall be drawn. o
u f
allowed to seek its own equilibrium position with tr
e h
respect to pressure
pressure differential.
differential. If desired, the blade 8.1.4.1.2 Test points. The results for each r
e r
angle may be measured (degrees from closed) at determination shall be shown on the performance p
o r
each test point. To determine the differences in curve as a series of circled points, one for each d
u
mechanical forces within the damper while opening variable plotted as ordinate. c
ti
o
n
vs. closing, the test may be repeated, beginning with o
the maximum airflow value. 8.1.4.1.3 Curve-fitting. A curve for each variable r
n
e
shall be obtained by drawing a continuous curve tw
o
8.1.3.1.2 Other dampers. The damper shall be using the test points for reference. The curve shall
shall rk
in
fixed in its desired position for the duration of the test. not depart from the test points by more than 1% of g
s i
any test value or 3 Pa (0.01 in. wg), whichever is p
e
8.1.3.2 Damper mounted with inlet and outlet greater, and the sum of the deviations shall rm

duct (Figure 5.3). For a damper mounted in a duct

duct approximate zero. tti
e
d
system, as shown in Figure 5.3, the test .
D
determinations shall be carried out with the damper 8.1.4.1.4 Discontinuities. When discontinuities s i
tr
exist they shall be identified
identified with
with a broken line. If
b
u i
set in its
damper,
damper desired
, see position
Section
Section (except
8.1.3.1.
8.1.3.1.1). for test
1). This a backdraft
shall be equilibrium cannot be established for any te
d
referred toto as the damper and system test. The determination, the curves joining the points for that b
y
damper shall then be removed from the test determination with adjacent points shall be drawn as T
h
broken lines. o
installation and the upstream test duct connected m
s
o
directly to the downstream test duct. The test shall be n
repeated at approximately the same airflow rate as 8.1.4.1.5 Identification. Performance curve sheets S
c
i
previously tested. This test shall be referred
referred to as the shall list the test damper, test damper setup and e
n
ti
system test. For each determination the pressurepressure airflow rate measurement
measurement setup. Sufficient details c
fi
,
drop shall be the pressure with the damper in place shall be listed to identify clearly the damper and In
c
(damper and system) at a given airflow minus the setup. Otherwise, a report containing such ,.
w
pressure at the identical airflow with the damper information shall be referenced. w
w
te .
removed (system). Refer to Section 9.6 if damper c
and system flows are not identical. 8.2 Airflow leakage rate using ambient air s
h
tr
e
e
t.
c
8.1.4 Presentation of results. The report and The purpose of this test is to determine the o
relationship between one or more sets of airflow m
presentation of results shall include all the data .
outlined in Section 8.1.2. In addition, the following
following leakage rate and static pressure for a damper,
shall be recorded as appropriate: backdraft damper or other air control damper
mounted on a chamber at ambient conditions.

12
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500-D-07 h
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8.2.1 General requirement
requirements
s 8.2.2.4 Airflow measurement test data. Test data
test data te
ri
for each determination
determination shall
shall be recorded.
recorded. Readings a
l
li
8.2.1.1 Determinations. A test shall consist of five shall be made simultaneously whenever possible. c
e
n
or more determinations taken at approximately equal For each test, three readings of ambient dry-bulb s
e
d
increments of pressure differential covering the range temperature (tdo), ambient wet-bulb temperature (two), to
desired. and ambient barometric pressure ( pb) shall be A
li
s
recorded unless the readings are steady in which ta
ir
8.2.1.2 Equilibrium. Equilibrium conditions shal
shalll be case only one need be recorded. B
o r
established before each determination. To test for o
k
s
o
equilibrium, trialare
steady readings observations
obtained. shall be made until 8.2.2.4.1 Duct nozzle
nozzle test (Figure
(Figure 6.2). For a duct n
nozzle test, one reading each of nozzle pressure 1
5
drop (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature ( td5) and -M
8.2.1.3 Airflow measurement. When nozzles are approach static pressure ( Ps5) shall be recorded. a
r-
2
used to determine the airflow rate, the minimum ∆Pn 0
1
1
shall be 25 Pa (0.1 in. wg) at the minimum airflow rate 8.2.2.4.2 Chamber nozzle test test (Figures
(Figures 6.3 and f
o
of test. A direct
direct reading airflow meter may be used if r
6.5) . For a chamber nozzle test, the nozzle c
li
the airflow is below 4.7 L/s (10 cfm). combinations and one reading each of nozzle
e
n
s
e
pressure drop (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature e
s '
8.2.1.4 Seating torque measurement. (Might not (td5), and approach static pressure (Ps5) shall be u
s
apply to backdraft damper.) e
recorded. When using a chamber
chamber for airflow
airflow leakage o
n
testing, criteria for velocity profile downstream of the y l
.
8.2.1.4.1 Calibrated weights. A test shall be
nozzles, and area ratio criteria may be ignored. N
conducted with calibrated weights, springs, actuators o
u f
or other dampers that may be used to apply the r
8.2.2.4.3 Single nozzle (Figure 6.4).
nozzle chamber test (Figure th
e
normal seating torque. The forceforce to develop the r
For a single nozzle chamber test, one reading each e r
torque shall be applied at a location consistent with p
of chamber dry-bulb temperature ( td5), nozzle o r
the force which will be applied by the operating d
pressure drop (∆Pn), and chamber static pressure u
c
damper. ti
(Ps5) shall be recorded. o
n
o
8.2.1.4.2 Application of torque. The torque shall r
n
8.2.2.4.4 Airflow meter test (Figure 5.6). For an e
be applied with zero ∆P across the damper with its tw
airflow meter test, airflow shall be recorded directly o
blades at the full open position. The corresponding rk
from the airflow meter.
meter. Airflow measurements
measurements using in
weight shall be lowered gradually, without impact g
this damper shall be limited to a maximum of 4.7 L/s s i
loading, until the damper reaches its closed position p
and without additional applied force. Similarly, (10 cfm). e
rm
springs, actuators or other dampers should be tti
e
permitted to close the damper in a manner that will 8.2.2.5 Test damper setup. Table 2 displays d
.
not apply any additional force than normally applied. allowable combinations of airflow rate measurement D
i
s
and test damper setups. tr
b
u i
8.2.2 Data to be recorded te
d
8.2.2.5.1 Damper with outlet chamber (Figure b
y
8.2.2.1 Test damper. The description
description of the test 5.4). One reading of chamber static pressure (Ps7) T
h
shall be recorded per determination. o
damper, including the model, the damper type, (i.e., m
s
curtain damper, single blade damper, multi-blade o
n
damper) size and face area shall be recorded. 8.2.2.5.2 Damper with inlet (Figure 5.5).
inlet chamber (Figure S
c
One reading of chamber static pressure ( Ps8) and e i
n
ti
8.2.2.2 Test setup. The description of the test setup
setup chamber temperature (td8) shall be recorded per c
fi
,
including specific dimensions shall be recorded. determination. In
c
,.
w
Reference shall be made to the figures in this 8.2.2.5.3 Damper with outlet plenum (Figures w
w
standard. Alternatively, a drawing or annotated .
5.7A and 5.7E). One reading per determination of te
c
photograph of the setup shall be attached to the data. chamber static pressure (Ps7) shall be recorded. h
s
tr
e
e
tc .
8.2.2.3 Instruments. The instruments and apparatus 8.2.2.5.4 Damper with inlet
inlet plenum
plenum (Figures 5.7B o
used in the testtest shall be listed.
listed. Names, model m
and 5.7F). One reading per determination of plenum .
numbers, serial numbers, scale ranges, and static pressure (Ps8) and plenum temperature (td8)
calibration information shall be recorded. shall be recorded.

13
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ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
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Table 2 - Allowable Combinations of Airflow Rate Measurement and Test Damper Setups te
ri
a
l
Test damper setups Airflow rate measurement setup c
li
e
n
s
Figure Connection plane Figure Connection plane e
d
to
Y 6.2 B A
li
s
ta
5.4 6.3 B ir
B
X o r
6.4 B o
k
s
o
n
5.4 Alternate X 6.3 B 1
5
-M
X 6.2 C a
r-
5.5 2
0
Y 6.2 A 1
1
o f
r
5.5 Alternate Y 6.5 A li
c
e
n
5.6A Positive Pressure Leakage Test ---- ---- s
e
e
s '
5.6B Negative Pressure Leakage Test ---- ---- u
s
e
o
5.8 Bubble test ---- ---- n
y l
.
N
6.2 B o
u f
r
th
e
5.7A, 5.7E X 6.3 A r
e r
6.4 A p
o r
d
u
6.2 C c
ti
o
5.7B, 5.7F Y n
o
6.5 B r
n
e
tw
o
rk
8.2.2.5.5 Damper setup for bubble test (Figure damper may be held in its closed position using g
in

5.8). For bubble tests,

tests, one reading per determination
determination weights, springs, actuators, or any other damper s i
p
of test pressure Ps9 shall be recorded. The size
size of normally used to close the damper.
damper. The damper shall e
rm
bubble formation shall also be recorded by noting if be tested in both directions (except backdraft tti
e
any bubbles exceed 1.6 mm diameter (1/16 in.) in 1 damper). d
.
second or if any bubbles exceed 7mm (1/4 in.) D
s i
diameter in 1 minute. 8.2.3.2 Bubble test. Mount the damper as shown
shown in tr
b
u i
Figure 5.8. A bubble solution (commercial test te
solution or a solution consisting of equal parts liquid d
8.2.3 Conduct of test b
y
detergent, glycerin and water) shall be applied to the T
h
8.2.3.1 General requirement
requirements s. Each test shall be damper seal
seal areas. Within a few moments, and o
m
conducted at ambient temperature between (0°C - before the bubble solution can dry, the wetted areas s
o
n
49°C (32°F - 120°F)). A test test is a complete
complete set of shall be checked. Pressure and size of bubble bubble S
c
measurements (or determinations), one set for each formation shall be recorded as stated in Section e i
n
one setting of airflow leakage rate and pressure drop. 8.2.2.5.5. ti
fi
c
,
In
8.2.3.3 Flow meter test. Mount damper as shown
shown c
8.2.3.1.1 Backdraft dampers. A backdra
backdraft
ft damper ,.
w
shall be mounted in its desired position and in such a in Figure 5.6. Perform test
test as described
described in Section
Section w
w
manner so that leakage airflow will force damper 8.2.3.1. te .
blades to the closed position. c
h
s
8.2.3.4 Damper mounted with inlet or outlet tr
e
e
chamber or plenum. For dampers mounted with with an tc .
8.2.3.1.2 Other dampers . Where
The damper o
placed in its closed position. torque shall be
must be outlet or inlet chamber or plenum, as shown in m
.
applied to a blade or shaft to drive the damper to its Figures 5.4, 5.5, 5.7A, 5.7B, 5.7E, and 5.7F, the test
closed position, seating torque shall be applied as determinations shall be carried out with the damper
described in Section 8.2.1.4. Alternatively the set in its desired position.

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500-D-07 h
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8.2.3.4.1 The following chamber criteria is to be met 8.2.3.4.3 Pressure drop across the nozzle(s) for the te
ri
for a Figure 5.5 leakage test to be valid: system leakage test must be the SAME or HIGHER a
l
li
than the pressure drop across the nozzle(s) for the c
e
n
Reference: Upstream is referenced as being on the corresponding damper leakage test when the system s
e
d
inlet (fan
(fan side) of the nozzles. System Leakage is leakage is equal to or more than 9.44 × 10 -4 m3/s (2 to
defined as the volume of air leaking into or out of the cfm) total. When system leakage isis less than 9.44 × A
li
s
chamber with the damper blanked off or the opening -4 3
10 m /s (2 cfm) the pressure drop restriction does ta
ir
covered. Damper Leakage is defined as the volume
volume not apply. B
o r
of air leaking across the plane of the damper with the o
k
s
o
blades closed and torque applied per Section 8.2.1.4. 8.2.3.4.4 For chambers other than Figure 5.5, an n
equivalent method of determining nozzle wall and 1
(A) Close all nozzles and install
install the
the tail end piece 5
chamber leakage shall be used. This test shall be -M
(Figure 6.6) on the downstream side of chamber referred to as the damper and system test. test. The a
r-
2
with the 0.013m (1/2”) nozzle open. Increase the damper shall then be covered with a suitable solid 0
1
pressure upstream of the nozzles in a minimum 1
board, or other material, which prevents airflow o f
of five (5) approximately equal increments, to a through the damper.
damper. The test shall
shall be repeated at r
li
c
minimum of 995 Pa (4 in.wg) static pressure or to approximately the same pressure increments as e
n
s
the maximum fan pressure. If the calculated previously tested. This test shall be referred
referred to as the e
e
'
airflow is greater than 4.47 × 10-5 × ( Ps)0.5 m3/s system test. For each determination
determination the damper
damper s
u
s
(1.5 × (Ps)0.5 cfm), then the nozzle wall has leakage shall be the leakage with the damper in e
o
excessive leakage and must be resealed and place (damper and system) minus the system y
n
l
.
retested until the leakage value is less than 4.47 leakage at the identical
identical pressure. Refer to Section N
9.5 if damper and system pressures and system o
× 10-5 × (Ps)0.5 m3/s (1.5 × (Ps)0.5 cfm). u f
pressures are not identical. r
th
e
r
(B) Blank off
off exiting
exiting end of chamber (location
(location where e r
tail end piece (Figure 6.6) is in Step A above). 8.2.4 Presentation of results. The report and p
o r
Open 0.013m (1/2") or 0.019m (3/4") nozzle. presentation of results shall include all the data as d
u
c
Increase the pressure upstream of the nozzles in outlined in Section 8.2.2.
8.2.2. In addition, the following
following ti
o
shall be recorded: n
a minimum of five (5) approximately equal o
r
n
increments, to a minimum of 995 Pa (4 in.wg) e
Damper mounting position tw
static pressure or to the maximum fan pressure. o
If the calculated leakage is greater than 4.47 × Method of closure rk
in
Blade orientation g
10-5 × (Ps)0.5 m3/s (1.5 × (Ps)0.5 cfm), then the s i
Blade action p
chamber downstream of the nozzles has e
Airflow direction rm
excessive leakage and must be resealed and tti
Personnel e
retested until the leakage value is below 4.47 × d
Date .
10-5 × (Ps)0.5 m3/s (1.5 × ( Ps)0.5) cfm). Test ID#
D
i
s
tr
Lab name b i
u
(C) Repeat test step
step A to insure leakage values are Lab location te
d
not affected
affected by downstream leakage values.
values. If Reference to AMCA Standard 500-D b
y
airflow across downstream tail end piece (Figure T
h
o
6.6) is greater than 4.47 × 10-5 × (Ps)0.5 m3/s (1.5 8.2.4.1 Performance curves. The results of a m
s
× (Ps)0.5 cfm), then repeat steps A and B above. damper test shall be presented as performance o
n
S
curves. c
e i
This procedure shall have been checked and ti
n
fi
documented no greater than 6 months before any 8.2.4.1.1 Coordinates. A performance curve shall c
,
be drawn with airflow
airflow rate as an abscissa.
abscissa. Sta
Static
tic In
AMCA certified Figure 5.5 leakage test. c
pressure shall be plotted as ordinate. If all results ,.
w
w
8.2.3.4.2 The maximum system leakage that can be were obtained at the same air density or if results w
.
deducted is 4.47 ×10-5 × (Ps)0.5 m3/s (1.5 × (Ps)0.5 were converted to a nominal density, such density te
c
shall be listed; otherwise a curve with air density as h
cfm) or 2% of damper leakage, (whichever is higher), s
tr
if system leakage is measured higher than the ordinate shall be drawn. e
e
tc .
maximum allowed. o
m
8.2.4.1.2 Test points. The results for each .

If system leakage is measured less than maximum determination shall be shown on the performance
allowed, then actual system leakage becomes curve as a series of circled points, one for each
allowable system leakage. variable plotted as ordinate.

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500-D-07 h
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8.2.4.1.3 Curve-fitting. A curve for each variable
variable 8.3.1.6 Temperature measurem
measurement ent. A minimum of te
ri
shall be obtained by drawing a continuous curve nine equally spaced thermocouples shall be used to a
l
li
using the test points
points for reference.
reference. The curves shall measure the temperature ( td1) at a plane 305 ± 25 c
e
n
not depart from the test points by more than 1.0% or mm (12 ± 1 in.) upstream of the damper. s
e
d
3 Pa (0.01 in. wg) of any test value and the sum of to
the deviations shall approximate zero. 8.3.2 Data to be recorded A
li
s
ta
ir
8.2.4.1.4 Discontinuities. When discontinuities 8.3.2.1 Test damper. The description of thethe test B
o r
exist they shall be identified
identified with
with a broken line. If damper, including the model, the damper type, (i.e., o
k
s
o
equilibrium cannot
determination, be joining
the curves established
the pointsforfor that
any curtain
damper,damper,
etc.) size,single blade
and face damper,
area shall bemulti-blade
recorded. n
1
determination with adjacent points shall be drawn as 5
-M
broken lines. 8.3.2.2 Test setup. The description of the test setup
setup a
r-
2
including specific dimensions shall be recorded. 0
1
8.2.4.1.5 Identification. Performance curve sheets 1
Reference shall be made to the figures in this f
o
shall list the test damper, test damper setup and standard. Alternatively
Alternatively,, a drawing or annotated r
li
c
airflow rate measurement
measurement setup.
setup. Sufficient details photograph of the setup shall be attached to the data. e
n
s
shall be listed to identify clearly the damper and e
e
setup. Otherwise, a report containing such s '
8.3.2.3 Instruments. The instruments and apparatus u
information shall be referenced. s
used in the test shall be listed. Names, model e
o
numbers, serial numbers, scale ranges, and n
l
y
8.3 Airf
Airflow
low leak
leakage
age rate usin
using
g ambie
ambient
nt or calibration information shall be recorded. .
N
heated air [15] o
u f
8.3.2.4 Airflow measurement test data. Test data
test data r
th
e
The purpose of this test is to determine the for the determination shall be recorded. Readings r
e r
relationship between airflow leakage rate and static shall be made simultaneously whenever possible. p
o r
pressure for a damper mounted in a duct at either Ambient dry-bulb temperature
temperature (tdo), ambient wet-bulb d
u
c
ambient or elevated temperatures. temperature (two), and ambient barometric pressure ti
o
n
(pb) shall be recorded. o
r
8.3.1 General requirement
requirements
s n
e
tw
8.3.2.4.1 Leakage chamber (Figure 6.6). For
chamber test (Figure o
8.3.1.1 Determinations. A test shall consist
consist of one leakage chamber tests, the nozzle combinations and rk
in
determination taken at the desired test pressure. one reading each of nozzle pressure drop (∆Pn), g
s i
approach dry-bulb temperature (td5), and differential p
e
8.3.1.2 Equilibrium. Equilibrium conditions shall
shall be pressure across the damper (∆P9,5) shall be
rm

established before
before each determination.
determination. To test for tti
recorded. When using a leakage chamber nozzle e
d
equilibrium, trial observations shall be made until .
plate for leakage testing, the criteria for velocity D
steady readings are obtained. s i
profile upstream and downstream of the nozzles, and tr
b
u i
8.3.1.3 Pretest ambient measurement
measurements s. Prior to area ratio criteria may be ignored. te
d
recording airflow data for a test, the dry-bulb b
y
8.3.2.5 Test temperatur
temperature e. The test temperature (td1) T
temperature of the air flowing in the general test area, h
shall be recorded (Figure 5.9). o
wet-bulb temperature, the barometric pressure and m
s
the ambient temperature at the barometer shall be o
n
8.3.2.6 Test damper setup. Table 3 displays the S
recorded. c
allowable combinations of airflow rate measurement e i
n
and test damper setups. ti
fi
8.3.1.4 Airflow measurement . The minimum c
,
pressure drop across the nozzles, ∆Pn, shall be 25 In
8.3.3 Conduct of test. Immediately following the c
Pa (0.1 in. wg) at the minimum flow rate of test. ,.
w
damper closure from the Dynamic Closure Test w
w
(Section 8.4 or 8.7) or the Damper Operational Test te .
8.3.1.5 Seating torque c
(Section 8.5 or 8.8), whichever is appropriate, with h
s
the fan running, and the heat source (electric heater tr
e
8.3.1.5.1 Application of torque. The torque
torque applied e
or gas burners at low fire) operating (if required), tc .
shall be provided by the closure mechanism, such remove the duct section downstream of the damper o
m
as, weights, springs, actuators, or other closing .
and attach the Leakage Chamber (Figure 6.6).
damper,, which has been activated during the conduct
damper
of the Dynamic Closure Test (Section 8.4 or 8.7), or
Adjust the fan speed to obtain the desired pressure
the Damper Operational Test (Section 8.5 or 8.8)
differential across
across the closed damper.
damper. Open a nozzle
16

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500-D-07 h
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Table 3 – Air Leakage Flow Rate Test Using Ambient Air, Test Damper Setups te
ri
a
l
TEST DAMPER SETUPS AIRFLOW RATE MEASUREMENT SETUPS c
li
e
n
Figure Connection Plane Figure Connection Plane s
e
d
5.2, 5.3A, 5.3B, 5.3C, 5.5, to
2 6.6 A A
5.7B, 5.7D, 5.7F 5.9* s
li
ta
ir
*For heated or ambient air. B
o r
o
k
s
o
n
or nozzle combination on the Leakage Chamber such 8.3.4.1 Airflow leakage rate. A statement of the 5
1
-M
that the pressure differential across the nozzle plate measured airflow leakage rate per face area of
a
is a minimum of 25 Pa (0.1 in. wg) (for nozzles that damper at the test temperature and test pressure r-
2
0
are 0.019m (0.75”) diameter or less, a ∆ P of 25 Pa shall be reported. In addition, a statement
statement of the 1
1
(0.1 in. wg) is the allowable minimum. Adjust the measured airflow leakage rate per face area of o f
r
heat source (if tested at a temperature other than damper corrected to standard air conditions shall be c
li
e
ambient) such that td1 is maintained between td1 and reported. s
n
e
td1 + 30°C (td1 and td1 + 50°F). The elevated test e
'
s
temperature, pressure differential across the closed 8.3.4.2 Identification. Performance curve sheets u
s
shall list the test damper, test damper setup and e
damper (∆P9,5), and pressure differential (∆Pn) across o
n
the leakage chamber nozzle plate shall be recorded. airflow rate measurement
measurement setup. Sufficient details y l
.
The damper leakage through the nozzle plate shall be shall be listed to identify clearly the damper and N
o
calculated in accordance with Section 9. setup. Otherwise, a report containing such u f
r
information shall be referenced. te h
r
Open a smaller nozzle combination such that the e r
8.4 Dynamic closure test using ambient air p
pressure differential across the leakage chamber o r
d
nozzle plate is higher than the first determination. u
c
The purpose of this test is to determine the ability of ti
Adjust the fan speed to obtain the desired pressure o
n
differential across the closed damper
damper.. The test a damper to close against a given airflow at ambient o
r
air conditions, and to maintain its integrity against the n
temperature, pressure differential (∆P9,5) across the e
tw
closed damper, and pressure differential across the pressure resultant from closure when the damper is o
rk
leakage chamber nozzle plate shall be recorded. mounted in a duct, wall or floor. in
g
s i

The damper and system leakage through the leakage 8.4.1 General requirements p
e
rm
chamber nozzle plate shall be calculated using tti
Section 9.7. 8.4.1.1 Determinations. Each damper shall be e
d
.
tested a minimum of three times in both airflow D
i
8.3.4 Presentation of results. The report and directions at each selected combination of airflow s
tr
b
u i
presentation of results shall include all the data as rate through the open damper and pressure te
outlined in Section 8.3.2. In addition, the following
following differential across the closed damper
damper.. d
b
y
shall be recorded: T
8.4.1.2 Equilibrium. Equilibrium conditions shall
shall be o
h
m
Damper mounting position established during each test. A stable pressure s
o
Actuator/Operator
Actuator/Operat or differential across the closed damper shall be n
S
Actuator/Operator
Actuator/Operat or supply source established before commencement of the opening c
e i
cycle. A stable
stable airflow rate through the damper shall n
Method of closure ti
fi
be established before commencement of the closing c
Blade orientation ,
In
Actuator/Operator
Actuator/Operat or cycle. c
,.
w
Actuator/Operator
Actuator/Operat or supply source w
Blade action 8.4.1.3 Airflow measurement. Airflow velocity at w
te .
Airflow direction
direction the plane of measurement when determined by using c
h
a Pitot-static tube shall not be less than 6.35 m/s s
Personnel tr
e
Date (1250 fpm). When nozzles are used to determine
determine the e
t.
c
Test ID# airflow rate, the minimum ∆Pn shall be 25 Pa (0.1 in. o
m
Lab name wg) at the minimum airflow rate of test. .

Lab location
Reference to AMCA Standard 500-D
 17

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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
8.4.2 Data to be recorded allowable combinations of airflow rate measurement te
ri
and test damper setups. a
l
li
8.4.2.1 Test damper. The description
description of the test c
e
n
damper, including the model, the damper type, (i.e., 8.4.2.5.1 Damper with inlet and outlet ducts s
e
d
curtain damper, single blade damper, multi-blade (Figures 5.3, 5.3A, 5.3B, and 5.3C) . One reading of to
damper) size, and face area shall be recorded. pressure drop across the test damper (∆P9,4) shall be A
li
s
recorded. ta
ir
8.4.2.2 Test setup. The description of the test setup
setup B
o r
including specific dimensions shall be recorded. 8.4.2.5.2 Damper with
with outlet
outlet chamber
chamber (Figures
(Figures o
s
k
o
Reference shall be made to the figures in this 5.4,
static5.7A, 5.7C,(P
pressure and 5.7E) . One reading
reading of chamber n
s7) shall be recorded. 1
standard. Alternatively, a drawing or annotated 5
-M
photograph of the setup shall be attached to the data. 8.4.2.5.3 Damper with inlet
inlet chamber (Figures
(Figures 5.5, a
r-
2
5.7B, 5.7D, and 5.7F). One reading of chamber 0
1
8.4.2.3 Instruments. The instruments and apparatus 1
static pressure (Ps8) and chamber temperature (td8) o f
used in the testtest shall be listed.
listed. Names, model shall be recorded. r
li
c
numbers, serial numbers, scale ranges, and e
n
s
calibration information shall be recorded. 8.4.2.6 Degree of closure. The degree
degree of damper e
e
s '
closure and any permanent deformation to the blades u
8.4.2.4 Airflow measurement. Test data for each s
and frame shall be recorded. e
o
determination shall be recorded. Readings shall be n
y l
made simultaneously whenever possible. For all Under conditions of the specified airflow,
airflow, the damper .
N
tests, three readings of ambient dry-bulb temperature shall completely close and latch automatically (when o
u f
(tdo), ambient wet-bulb temperature (two), and ambient a latch is provided) without damage to the damper or r
te h
barometric pressure (pb) shall be recorded unless the its components. Damper closure is 100% if the the r
r
e
readings are steady in which case only one need be damper closes fully as previously demonstrated in p
o r
recorded. the static
static condition. Failure to close as previously d
u
c
demonstrated in the static condition and/or any ti
o
6.1). For a Pitot traverse
8.4.2.4.1 Pitot test (Figure 6.1) n
physical damage shall be recorded. o
r
test, one reading each of velocity pressure ( Pv3r) and n
e
static pressure (Ps3r) shall be recorded for each Pitot 8.4.2.7 Closure time. The time required for the tw
o
damper to travel from the open to closed position rk
station. In addition, three readings of traverse-plane in
dry-bulb temperature (td3) shall be recorded unless shall be recorded. g
s i
the readings are steady in which case only one need p
e
8.4.2.8 Closure pressure . After closure the rm
be recorded.
differential pressure after equilibrium is achieved tti
e
d
8.4.2.4.2 Duct nozzle
nozzle test (Figure
(Figure 6.2). For a duct shall be recorded. .
D
i
nozzle test, one reading each of nozzle pressure s
t
b
u ri
drop (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature ( td5) and 8.4.3 Conduct
at ambient of test. Each
temperatures test shall
between (0˚C -be conducted
49˚C (32˚F - te
approach static pressure (Ps5) shall be recorded. d
120˚F)). A test
test is a complete
complete set of measurements
measurements b
y
T
8.4.2.4.3 Chamber nozzle test (Figures 6.3 and (or determinations), one set for each setting of airflow h
o
with the damper in the open position and pressure m
6.5) . For a chamber nozzle test, the nozzle s
o
combinations and one reading each of nozzle drop across the damper when in the closed position. n
S
pressure drop (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature A test shall be conducted at a selected pressure
pressure drop c
e i
across the damper when closed. The selected ti
n
(td5), approach static pressure ( Ps5), shall be fi
airflow rate and pressure drop shall be established c
,
recorded. In
prior to recording the first
first determination. The damper c
shall be maintained fully open allowing the ,.
w
8.4.2.4.4 Single nozzle (Figure 6.4).
nozzle chamber test (Figure w
established airflow
airflow rate to pass
pass through. The airflow w
For a single nozzle chamber test, one reading each te .
rate shall be recorded. c
of chamber dry-bulb temperature ( td5), nozzle h
s
tr
pressure drop (∆Pn), and chamber static pressure The damper shall be then allowed to close with the e
e
t.
c
(Ps5), shall be recorded. appropriate weights, springs, actuators or other o
m
closing dampers normally supplied with the damper .
8.4.2.5 Test damper setup. Each damper shall be applying the closing
closing torque or force. During closure
tested in a setup which simulates its intended field the pressure drop across the damper shall not be
installation (see Section 7.1.1). Table 4 displays less than the value indicated by a straight line from
18

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500-D-07 h
te
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Table 4 – Allowable combinations of airflow rate measurement and test damper setups te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
TEST DAMPER SETUPS AIRFLOW RATE MEASUREMENT SETUPS n
s
e
d
to
Figure Connection Plane Figure Connection Plane A
li
s
6.1 C ta
Y ir
5.3, 5.3A, 5.3B, and 5.3C 6.2 C B
o r
o
X 6.5 B
s
k
o
6.1 B n
Y 1
5
6.2 B -M
5.4 a
r-
6.3 B 2
X 0
1
6.4 B 1
o f
6.1 C r
li
X c
e
5.5 6.2 C s
n
e
Y 6.5 A e
s '
u
6.1 B s
e
o
6.2 B n
y l
5.7A, 5.7C, and 5.7E X .
6.3 A N
o
f
6.4 A u
r
te h
6.1 C r
r
e
5.7B, 5.7D, and 5.7F Y 6.2 C p
r
o
d
6.5 B u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
the pressure at the full-open position to the pressure 8.4.4 Presentation of results. The report and n
e
at the full-closed position when time vs. pressure presentation of results shall include all the data as tw
o
drop is plotted on linear paper. The airflow outlined in Section 8.4.2. In addition, the following rk
in
generating equipment is to be capable of producing shall be recorded: g
s i
the prescribed airflow and pressure conditions p
e
without the use of pressure
pressure relief
relief dampers.
dampers. The Damper mounting position rm

pressure differential across the closed damper shall Airflow direction tti
e
d
be recorded. With the pressure differential Personnel .
D
maintained on the closed damper a visual inspection Date s i
t
b ri
u
shall beshall
closure made be on the damper and the degree of
recorded. Test ID#
Lab name te
d
Lab location b
y
T
Airflow shall
shall then be shut off and the damper reset to
to Reference to AMCA Std. 500-D h
o
its open position.
position. The test procedure
procedure shall then be m
s
repeated for two more determinations. After three o
8.5 Operational test using ambient air n
S
closure cycles the damper shall be reversed and c
e i
retested with airflow through the damper in the The purpose of this test is to determine the ability of ti
n
fi
reverse direction. a damper to operate (close and open) against a given c
,
In
airflow at ambient air conditions when the damper is c
Any suitable means of releasing the damper may be ,.
mounted in a duct or wall. w
w
used provided that it results in closure in a manner w
te .
similar to that obtained by the use of a fusible link or 8.5.1 General requirements c
h
heat responsive damper. s
tr
e
8.5.1.1 Determinations. Each damper shall be e
tc .
If multiple section dampers are to be tested each tested a minimum of three times in both airflow o
m
single section must be tested for closure with all other directions at each selected combination of airflow .
sections closed. Closure velocity
velocity shall be based on rate through the open damper and pressure
the total area of the multiple damper sections and not differential across the closed damper
damper..
the single section velocity.
 19

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500-D-07 h
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8.5.1.2 Equilibrium. Equilibrium conditions shall
shall be combinations and one reading each of pressure drop te
ri
established during eacheach test. A stable pressure (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature (td5), approach a
l
li
differential across the closed damper shall be static pressure (Ps5), shall be recorded. c
e
n
established before commencement of the opening s
e
d
cycle. A stable
stable airflow rate through the damper shall 8.5.2.4.4 Single nozzle (Figure 6.4).
nozzle chamber test (Figure to
be established before commencement of the closing For a single nozzle chamber test, one reading each A
li
s
cycle. of chamber dry-bulb temperature ( td5), nozzle ta
ir
pressure drop (∆Pn), and chamber static pressure B
r
8.5.1.3 Airflow measurement. Airflow velocity at o
(Ps5) shall be recorded. o
s
k
the plane of measurement when o
a Pitot-static tube shall not be determined by using
less than 6.35 m/s n
8.5.2.5 Test damper setup. Each damper should 1
5
(1250 fpm). When nozzles are used to determine
determine the -M
be tested in a setup which simulates its intended field
airflow rate, the minimum ∆Pn shall be 25 Pa (0.1 in. a
r-
installation (see Section 7.1.1). Table 5 displays 2
wg) at the minimum airflow rate of test. allowable combinations of airflow rate measurements 0
1
1
and test damper setups. o f
8.5.2 Data to be recorded r
li
c
e
8.5.2.5.1 Damper with inlet and outlet ducts n
s
8.5.2.1 Test damper. The description
description of the test (Figures 5.3, 5.3A, 5.3B, and 5.3C) . One reading of
e
e
s '
damper, including the model, the damper type, (i.e., pressure drop across the test damper (∆P9,4) shall be u
s
curtain damper, single blade damper, multi-blade e
recorded. o
damper) size, and face area shall be recorded. n
l
y
.
8.5.2.5.2 Damper with
with outlet
outlet chamber
chamber (Figures
(Figures N
8.5.2.2 Test setup. The description of the test setup
setup o
5.4, 5.7A, 5.7C, 5.7E) . One reading of chamber u f
including specific dimensions shall be recorded. r
th
e
Reference shall be made to the figures in this static pressure (Ps7) shall be recorded. r
r
standard. Alternatively
Alternatively,, a drawing or annotated e
p
8.5.2.5.3 Damper with inlet
inlet chamber (Figures
(Figures 5.5, o r
photograph of the setup shall be attached to the data. d
5.7B, 5.7D, 5.7F). One reading
reading of chamber static u
c
ti
pressure (Ps8) and chamber temperature ( td8) shall be o
8.5.2.3 Instruments. The instruments and apparatus n
recorded. o
used in the test shall be listed. Names, model r
n
e
numbers, serial numbers, scale ranges, and tw

calibration information shall be recorded. 8.5.2.6 Degree of closure. The degree

degree of damper o
rk
closure and any permanent deformation to the blades g
in

8.5.2.4 Airflow measurement. Test data for each and frame shall be recorded. Under conditions of the s i
p
determination shall be recorded. Readings shall be specified airflow, the damper shall completely close e
rm
made simultaneously whenever possible. For all and latch automatically (when a latch is provided) tti
e
tests, three readings of ambient dry-bulb temperature without damage to the damper or its components. d
.
(tdo), ambient wet-bulb temperature (two), ambient Damper closure is 100% if the damper closes fully as D
s i
previously demonstrated in the static condition. t
b ri
u
barometric pressure
readings are pbwhich
steady (in ) shall case
be recorded unless
only one need the
be Failure to close as previously demonstrated in the te
static condition and/or any physical damage shall be d
recorded. b
y
recorded. T
h
o
6.1). For a Pitot traverse
8.5.2.4.1 Pitot test (Figure 6.1) m
8.5.2.7 Degree of opening. The degree of damper s
o
test, one reading each of velocity pressure ( Pv3r) and n
opening and any permanent deformation to the S
static pressure (Ps3r) shall be recorded for each Pitot blades and frame shall be recorded. Under c
i
e
station. In addition, three readings of traverse-plane n
conditions of the specified airflow, the damper shall ti
fi
dry-bulb temperature (td3) shall be recorded unless c
completely open and latch automatically (when a ,
In
the readings are steady in which case only one need latch is provided) without damage to the damper or c
,.
be recorded. its components. w
w
w
te .
8.5.2.4.2 Duct nozzle (Figure 6.2). For a duct
nozzle test (Figure Damper opening is 100% if the damper opens fully as c
h
s
nozzle test, one reading each of nozzle pressure previously demonstrated in the static condition and tr
e
drop (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature ( td5) and original airflow values are
are established.
established. Failure to e
tc .
approach static pressure (Ps5) shall be recorded. open as previously demonstrated in the static o
m
.
condition shall be recorded.
8.5.2.4.3 Chamber nozzle test (Figures 6.3 and
6.5) . For a chamber nozzle test, the nozzle
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500-D-07 h
te
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Table 5 – Allowable Combinations of Airflow Rate Measurement and Test Damper Setups te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
TEST DAMPER SETUPS AIRFLOW RATE MEASUREMENT SETUPS s
n
e
d
to
Figure Connection Plane Figure Connection Plane A
li
s
6.1 C ta
Y ir
B
5.3, 5.3A, 5.3B, and 5.3C 6.2 C o r
o
X 6.5 B s
k
o
6.1 B n
1
Y 5
6.2 B -M
5.4 a
r-
6.3 B 2
X 0
1
6.4 B 1
o f
6.1 C r
li
X c
e
5.5 6.2 C s
n
e
e
Y 6.5 A s '
u
6.1 B s
e
o
6.2 B n
y l
5.7A, 5.7C, and 5.7E X .
6.3 A o
N

u f
6.4 A r
th
e
6.1 C r
r
e
5.7B, 5.7D, 5.7F Y 6.2 C p
o r
d
6.5 B u
c
ti
o
n
o
8.5.2.8 Closure time. The time required for the the pressure at the full-open position to the pressure r
n
e
damper to travel from the open to closed position at the full-closed position when time (abscissa) vs. tw
o
shall be recorded. pressure drop (ordinate) is plotted on linear paper. rk
in
The airflow generating equipment is to be capable of g
s i
8.5.2.9 Opening time. The time required for the producing the prescribed airflow and pressure p
e
damper to travel from the closed to the open position conditions without the use of pressure relief dampers. rm
shall be recorded. The pressure differential across the closed damper tti
e
d
shall be recorded.
recorded. With the pressure
pressure differential
differential .
D
8.5.3 Conduct of test . Each test shall be conducted maintained on the closed damper an external visual s i
t
at ambient temperatures between (0˚C - 49˚C (32˚F - inspection (through viewing ports, if necessary) shall b ri
u
120˚F)). A test is a complete
complete set of measurements
measurements be made on the damper and the degree of closure te
d
(or determinations) one set for each setting of airflow shall be recorded. b
y
with the damper in the open position and pressure T
h
o
drop across the damper when in the closed position. The damper shall then be reopened with the m
s
A test shall be conducted at a selected airflow rate appropriate weights, springs, actuators or other o
n
through the damper when fully open and a selected opening damper(s) normally supplied with the S
c
e i
pressure drop across the damper when closed. The damper, applying the opening torque or force. During n
ti
selected airflow rate and pressure drop shall be opening, the pressure drop across the damper shall fi
c
,
established prior to recording the first determination. not be less than the value indicated by a straight line In
c
The damper shall be maintained fully open allowing between the pressure drop across the damper at the ,.
w
the established airflow rate to pass through. The full-open position to the pressure drop across the w
w
airflow rate shall be recorded. damper at the full-closed position when time te .
c
(abscissa) vs. pressure drop (ordinate) is plotted on h
s
tr
The damper shall be then allowed to close with the linear paper.
paper. Once the damper is opened an external e
e
tc .
appropriate weights, springs, actuators or other visual inspection (through viewing ports, if o
m
closing dampers normally supplied with the damper necessary) of the damper shall be made and .
applying the closing torque or force. During closure recorded. The original airflow shall
shall be reestablished
reestablished
the pressure drop across the damper shall not be and recorded.
less than the value indicated by a straight line from
 21

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500-D-07 h
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The test procedure shall then be repeated for two 8.6.2.2 Test setup. The description of the test setup
setup te
ri
more determinations.
determinations. After three
three cycles the damper including specific dimensions shall be recorded. a
l
li
shall be reversed and retested with airflow through Reference shall be made to the figures in this c
e
n
the damper in the reverse direction. standard. Alternatively, a drawing or annotated s
e
d
photograph of the setup shall be attached to the data. to
8.5.4 Presentation of results. The report and A
li
s
presentation of results shall include all the data as 8.6.2.3 Instruments. The instruments and ta
ir
outlined in Section 8.5.2. In addition, the following apparatus used in the test
test shall be listed. Names, B
o r
shall be recorded: model numbers, serial numbers, scale ranges, and o
s
k
calibration information shall be recorded. o
Damper mounting position n
1
Airflow direction
direction 8.6.2.4 Airflow measurement. Test data for each 5
-M
Personnel determination's open and closed damper positions a
r-
2
Date shall be recorded. Readings shall be made 0
1
Test ID# simultaneously whenever possible. Three readings
readings 1
o f
Lab name of ambient dry-bulb temperature ( tdo), ambient wet- r
li
c
Lab location bulb temperature (two), ambient barometric pressure e
n
s
Reference to AMCA Standard 500-D (pb) shall be recorded unless the readings are steady e
e
s '
in which case only one need be recorded. u
s
8.6 Damper dynamic operational torque e
o
8.6.2.4.1 Pitot test (Figure 6.1). For a Pitot traverse
traverse n
y l
The purpose of this test is to determine the torque .
test, one reading each of velocity pressure ( Pv3r) and N
required to operate a damper from the open to closed static pressure (Ps3r) shall be recorded for each Pitot
o
u f
position under airflow, and from the closed to open station. In addition, three readings of
of traverse-plane
r
th
e
position against a specified differential pressure. dry-bulb temperature (td3) shall be recorded unless r
r
e
p
the readings are steady in which case only one need o r
8.6.1 General requirement
requirements
s d
be recorded. u
c
ti
o
8.6.1.1 Determinations. Each damper shall be n
8.6.2.4.2 Duct nozzle (Figure 6.2). For a duct
nozzle test (Figure o
r
tested a minimum of three times in both airflow n
nozzle test, one reading each of nozzle pressure e
directions at each selected combination of airflow tw
drop (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature ( td5) and o
rates through the open damper and pressure rk
approach static pressure ( Ps5) shall be recorded. in
differential across the closed damper. g
s i
p
8.6.1.2 Equilibrium. A stable pressure differential 8.6.2.4.3 Chamber nozzle test
test (Figures
(Figures 6.3 and e
rm
across the closed damper shall be established before 6.5) . For a chamber nozzle test, the nozzle tti
e
commencement of the opening
opening cycle.
cycle. A stable combinations and one reading each of nozzle d
.
airflow rate through the damper shall be established pressure drop (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature D
s i
(td5), and approach static pressure (Ps5) shall be t
before commencement of the closing cycle. b ri
u
recorded. te
d
8.6.1.3 Airflow measurement. Airflow velocity at b
y
the plane of measurement when determined by using 8.6.2.4.4 Single nozzle (Figure 6.4).
nozzle chamber test (Figure T
h
For a single nozzle chamber test, one reading each o
a Pitot-static tube shall not be less than 6.35 m/s m
s
(1250 fpm). When nozzles are used to determine
determine the of chamber dry-bulb temperature ( td5), nozzle o
n
airflow rate, the minimum ∆Pn shall be 25 Pa (0.1 in. pressure drop (∆Pn), and chamber static pressure S
c
e i
wg) at the minimum airflow rate of test. (Ps5) shall be recorded. n
ti
fi
c
,
8.6.2 Data to be recorded 8.6.2.5 Test damper setup. Each damper should In
c
be tested in a setup which simulates its intended field ,.
w
w
8.6.2.1 Test damper. The description
description of the test installation (see Section 7.1.1). Table 6 displays w
.
damper, including the model, the damper type, (i.e., allowable combinations of airflow rate measurements te
c
curtain damper, single blade damper, multi-blade h
and test damper setups. s
tr
damper) size, and face area shall be recorded. e
e
tc .
8.6.2.5.1 Damper with inlet and outlet ducts o
m
(Figures 5.3, 5.3A, 5.3B, and 5.3C) . One reading of .
pressure drop across the test damper (∆P9,4) shall be
recorded.
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500-D-07 h
te
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Table 6 - Damper Dynamic Operational Torque,
Torque, Test
Test Damper Setups te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
TEST DAMPER SETUPS AIRFLOW RATE MEASUREMENT SETUPS n
s
e
d
to
Figure Connection Plane Figure Connection Plane A
li
s
6.1 C ta
Y ir
5.3, 5.3A, 5.3B, and 5.3C 6.2 C B
o r
o
X 6.5 B s
k
o
6.1 B n
Y 1
5
6.2 B -M
5.4 a
6.3 B r-
2
X 0
1
6.4 B 1
o f
6.1 C r
li
X c
e
5.5 6.2 C s
n
e
Y 6.5 A e
s '
u
6.1 B s
e
o
6.2 B y
n
l
5.7A, 5.7C, and 5.7E X .
6.3 A N
o
6.4 A u f
r
te h
6.1 C r
r
e
5.7B, 5.7D, and 5.7F Y 6.2 C p
r
o
d
6.5 B u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
8.6.2.5.2 Damper with outlet chamber (Figures The selected airflow rate and pressure differential e
n
tw
5.4, 5.7A, 5.7C, and 5.7E) . One reading
reading of chamber shall be established prior to recording the first o
static pressure (Ps7) shall be recorded. determination. The damper shall be maintained fully
fully rk
in
open allowing the established airflow rate to pass g
s i
8.6.2.5.3 Damper with inlet
inlet chamber (Figures
(Figures 5.5, through. The airflow rate shall be recorded. p
e
5.7B, 5.7D, and 5.7F) . One reading of chamber rm

static pressure (Ps8) and chamber temperature (td8) The damper shall then be powered closed. During tti
e
d
shall be recorded. closure, the pressure drop across the damper shall .
D
not be less than the value indicated by a straight line s i
t
b ri
u
8.6.2.6
damper to Closure time. the
travel from The time
open to required for the
closed position from the pressure
pressure at the full-open
at the full-closed position
position whentotimethe te
d
shall be recorded. (abscissa) vs. pressure drop (ordinate) is plotted on b
y
linear paper.
paper. The airflow generating
generating equipment isis to T
h
o
8.6.2.7 Opening time. The time required for the be capable of producing the prescribed airflow and m
s
damper to travel from the closed to the open position pressure conditions without the use of pressure relief o
n
shall be recorded. dampers. The pressure differential across the S
c
closed damper shall be recorded. e i
n
ti
8.6.3 Conduct of tests. Each test shall be c
fi
,
conducted at ambient temperatures between (0˚C - The damper shall then be powered back open. In
c
49˚C (32˚F - 120˚F)). A determination
determination shall consist of During opening, the pressure drop across the ,.
w
readings of the torque developed at the damper drive damper shall not be less than the value indicated by w
w
shaft rotations specified in
in Section 8.6.1.1. At a a straight line between the pressure drop across the te .
minimum, a test shall consist of the following damper at the full-open position to the pressure drop c
h
s
determinations: Torque readings at 1˚ rotational across the damper at the full-closed position when tr
e
t.
e
c
increments
opening andof damper
closing drive shaft rotation on the
cycles. time
on (abscissa)
linear paper.vs.
paper. Thepressure
airflow drop (ordinate)
generat
generating is plotted
ing equipment is o
m
.
to be capable of producing the prescribed airflow and
A test shall be conducted at a selected airflow rate pressure conditions without the use of pressure relief
through the damper when fully open and a selected dampers. The original airflow
airflow shall be re-established
re-established
pressure differential across the damper when closed. and recorded.
 23

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ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
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The test procedure shall then be repeated for two 8.7.1.5 Elevated temperature measurement. A te
ri
more determinations.
determinations. After three
three cycles the damper minimum of nine equally spaced thermocouples shall a
l
li
shall be reversed and retested with airflow through be used to measure the temperature at a plane 305 c
e
n
the damper in the reverse direction. ± 25 mm (12 ± 1 in.) ( td1) upstream of damper. s
e
d
to
8.6.4 Presentation of results. The report and 8.7.2 Data to be recorded A
li
s
presentation of results shall include all the data as ta
ir
outlined in Sections 8.6.2 and 8.6.3. In addition, the 8.7.2.1 Test damper. The description of the
the test B
o r
following shall be recorded: unit, including the model, the damper type, (i.e., o
s
k
curtain damper, single blade damper, multi-blade o
Damper mounting position n
damper) size, and face area shall be recorded. 1
Blade orientation 5
-M
Blade action 8.7.2.2 Test setup. The description of the test setup
setup a
r-
2
Airflow direction
direction including specific dimensions shall be recorded. 0
1
Personnel 1
Reference shall be made to the figures in this f
o
Date standard. Alternatively
Alternatively,, a drawing or annotated r
li
c
Test ID# photograph of the setup shall be attached to the data. e
n
s
Lab name e
e
Lab location s '
8.7.2.3 Instruments. The instruments and apparatus u
Reference to AMCA Standard 500-D s
used in the test shall be listed. Names, model e
o
numbers serial numbers, scale ranges and n
l
y
8.7 Dynamic closure test using heated air calibration information shall be recorded. .
N
o
u f
The purpose of this test is to determine the ability of 8.7.2.4 Airflow measurement. Test data for each r
te h
a damper to close upon activation of its heat determination shall be recorded. Readings shall be r
r
responsive damper against a given airflow at an made simultaneously whenever possible. For all e
p
o r
elevated temperature, and to maintain its integrity tests, three readings of ambient dry-bulb temperature d
u
against the pressure resultant from closure when the (tdo), ambient wet-bulb temperature (two), and ambient c
ti
o
damper is mounted in a duct. barometric pressure (pb) shall be recorded unless the n
o
r
readings are steady in which case only one need be e
n
8.7.1 General requirement
requirements
s recorded. tw
o
rk
in
8.7.1.1 Determinations. Each damper shall be 8.7.2.4.1 Pitot test (Figure 6.1). For a Pitot traverse
traverse g
s i
tested a minimum of three times in both airflow P
test, one reading each of velocity pressure ( v3r) and p
e
directions at each selected combination of airflow static pressure (Ps3r) shall be recorded for each Pitot rm
rate through the open damper and pressure tti
station. In addition, three readings of
of traverse-plane e
d
differential across the closed damper.
damper. The three dry-bulb temperature (td3) shall be recorded unless .
D
cycles at ambient are a preconditioning test prior to s i
the readings are steady in which case only one need t
conduct of heated air closure test. After b ri
u
preconditioning tests one heated air test will be be recorded. te
d
conducted. b
8.7.2.4.2 Duct nozzle (Figure 6.2). For a duct
nozzle test (Figure y
T
nozzle test, one reading each of pressure drop (∆Pn), h
o
8.7.1.2 Equilibrium. Equilibrium conditions shall
shall be m
approach dry-bulb temperature (td5) and approach s
established before each determination. o
n
static pressure (Ps5) shall be recorded. S
c
e i
8.7.1.3 Pretest ambient measurement. Prior to n
8.7.2.4.3 Chamber nozzles (Figure 6.5). For a
nozzles test (Figure ti
recording airflow data for a test, the dry-bulb fi
c
chamber nozzle test, the nozzle combinations and ,
temperature in the general test area, wet-bulb In
c
temperature, the barometric pressure and the one reading each of nozzle pressure drop (∆Pn), ,.
w
ambient temperature at the barometer shall be approach dry-bulb temperature ( td5), and approach w
w
recorded. static pressure (Ps5) shall be recorded. te .
c
h
s
tr
8.7.1.4 Airflow measurement. Airflow velocity at the 8.7.2.4.4 Other airflow measurement dampers. e
tc
e
.
plane of measurement when determined by using a Data shall be recorded to establish accurate airflow o
m
Pitot-static
Pitot-static tube shall not be less than 6.35 m/s (1250 measurement (see Section 6.3.4). .
fpm). When nozzles
nozzles are
are used to determine
determine the
airflow rate, the minimum ∆Pn shall be 25 Pa (0.1 in. 8.7.2.5 Rate of temperature rise. Heat shall be
wg) at the minimum airflow rate of test. introduced into the system at a rate which will
24

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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
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generate an average temperature rise of 15°C – 8.7.3 Conduct of test . Three cycles at ambient te
ri
30°C per min (30°F - 50°F per min). The temperature conditions are a preconditioning test prior to the a
l
li
at td1 shall be recorded at a maximum of 10 second heated air closure test. c
e
n
intervals from the time heat is introduced into the s
e
d
system until the completion of the test. An airfl
airflow
ow rate measmeasureme
urement
nt and pres
pressure
sure to
differential shall be conducted at ambient A
li
s
8.7.2.6 Energy input temperatures between (0˚C - 49˚C (32˚F - 120˚F)). ta
ir
The selected airflow rate shall be established through B
o r
8.7.2.6.1 The heated air test described herein the damper while
while fully open. The damper shall then o
s
k
anticipates the use of the combustion of natural gas be closed and the selected pressure differential o
across the damper shall be established. n
as the heat source. Other methods of heat input shall 1
5
be permitted to be used provided a correction is -M
made such that there is an equivalent mass flow rate The test system must be designed in such a manner a
r-
2
across the damper as that would occur with using that when the test damper is open the original airflow 0
1
rate will be established. A test determination
determination is a 1
natural gas as the heat source. f
o
complete set of measurements with the damper in r
li
c
8.7.2.7 Closure temperature. The approximate the open position and pressure differential across the e
n
s
temperature (td1) when the heat responsive damper damper when it is closed. e
e
s '
releases shall be estimated and recorded. u
After the test system has been set to establish the s
e
o
8.7.2.8 Test damper setup . Table 7 displays desired airflow rate through the open damper and n
y l
allowable combinations of airflow rate measurement pressure drop across the closed damper, the test .
N
and test damper setups. damper will be opened and the system set to deliver o
u f
the airflow rate established at ambient conditions. r
te h
8.7.2.8.1 Damper with inlet and outlet ducts Heat shall then be introduced to the system at a rate r
r
which will generate an average temperature rise of e
(Figure 5.9). One reading of inlet duct static p
o r
pressure (Ps9) shall be recorded before
before closure. The 15°- 30°C per min.
min. (30°- 50°F per
per min.). The damper d
u
differential pressure (∆P9-4) after closure equilibrium shall be equipped with the heat responsive damper c
ti
o
is achieved shall be recorded. normally supplied with the damper. Heat shall be n
o
introduced continuously until the heat responsive r
n
e
8.7.2.9 Degree of closure. The degree of damper damper triggers and allows the damper to close tw
o
closure and any permanent deformation to the blades (Note: for safety reasons, it may be necessary to turn rk
in
and frame shall be recorded. the heat source off when the test damper is closed). g
i
The damper shall close utilizing the appropriate s
p
e
Under conditions of the specified airflow and heat, weights, springs, actuators or other closing dampers rm

the damper shall completely close and latch normally supplied with the damper, applying the tti
e
closing torque or force. d
automatically (when a latch is provided) without .
D
damage to the damper or its components. Damper s i
t
During closure, the pressure drop across the damper b ri
u
closure is 100% if the damper closes fully as shall not be less than the value indicated by a straight te
previously demonstrated in the static condition. d
Failure to close as previously demonstrated in the line from the pressure at the full-open position to the b
y
static condition and/or any physical damage shall be pressure at the full-closed position when time T
h
(abscissa) vs. pressure (ordinate) is plotted on linear o
recorded. m
s
paper.. With the pressure
paper pressure differential
differential maintained on o
n
8.7.2.10 Closure time. The time required for
for the the closed damper an external visual inspection S
c
i
damper to travel from the open to closed position (through viewing ports, if necessary) shall be made e
n
ti
shall be recorded. on the damper and the degree of closure shall be c
fi
,
recorded. In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
Table 7 – Dynamic Closure Test Using Heated Air Test Damper Setups
c
h
s
TEST DAMPER SETUPS AIRFLOW RATE MEASUREMENT SETUPS tr
e
t.
e
c
Figure Connection Plane Figure Connection Plane o
m
6.1 C .

5.9 X 6.2 C
6.5 B
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ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
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During this test a damper equipped with an external 8.8.1.4 Airflow measurement. Airflow velocity at te
ri
actuator used as the mechanism to close the damper the plane of measurement when determined by using a
l
li
shall be tested with an enclosure around the actuator. a Pitot-static tube shall not be less than 6.35 m/s c
e
n
The enclosure shall contain the actuator and shall be (1250 fpm). When nozzles are used to determine the s
e
d
equipped with a heater which will raise the airflow rate, the minimum ∆P shall be 25 Pa (0.1 in. to
temperature inside the enclosure to the same wg) at the minimum airflow rate of test. A
li
temperature and length of time that the damper is to s
ta
ir
be rated. 8.8.1.5 Elevated temperature measurement. A B
r
minimum of nine equally spaced thermocouples shall o
o
s
k
8.7.4 Presentation o
presentation of resultsofshall
results . The
include report
all the dataand
as be used
± 25 mmto measure
(12 ± 1 in.) (the
td1) temperature
upstream of at a plane 305
damper. n
1
outlined in Section 8.7.2. In addition, the following 5
-M
shall be recorded: 8.8.2 Data to be recorded a
r-
2
0
1
Damper mounting position 8.8.2.1 Test damper. The description of the the test 1
o f
Blade orientation damper, including the model, the damper type, (i.e., r
li
c
Damper operator/actuator curtain damper, single blade damper, multi-blade e
n
Actuator supply source (voltage or air pressure as damper) size, and face area shall be recorded. s
e
e
applicable) s '
u
Airflow direction
direction 8.8.2.2 Test setup. The description of the test setup
setup s
e
Personnel including specific dimensions shall be recorded. o
n
y l
Date .
N
Test ID# Reference shall be made to the figures in this o
u f
Lab name standard. Alternatively, a drawing or annotated r
te h
Lab location photograph of the setup shall be attached to the data. r
r
Reference to AMCA Standard 500-D e
p
r
8.8.2.3 Instruments. The instruments and apparatus o
d
u
8.8 Operational test using heated air used in the test shall be listed. Names, model c
ti
o
numbers, serial numbers, scale ranges, and n
o
The purpose of this test is to determine the ability of calibration information should be recorded. r
n
a damper to operate (open to close to open) against e
tw
airflow at an elevated temperature when the damper 8.8.2.4 Airflow measurement. Test data for each o
rk
is mounted in a duct. determination shall be recorded. Readings shall be in
g
made simultaneously whenever possible. For all s i
p
8.8.1 General requirement
requirements
s tests, three readings of ambient dry-bulb temperature e
rm
(tdo), ambient wet-bulb temperature (two), and ambient tti
e
8.8.1.1 Determinations. Each damper shall be barometric pressure (pb) shall be recorded unless the d
.
tested a minimum of three times in both airflow readings are steady in which case only one need be D
i
s
directions at each selected combination of airflow recorded. t
b ri
u
rate through the open damper and pressure te
d
differential across the closed damper.
damper. The three 8.8.2.4.1 Pitot test (Figure 6.1). For a Pitot traverse
traverse b
y
cycles at ambient conditions are a preconditioning test, one reading each of velocity pressure ( Pv3r) and T
h
test prior to conduct of heated air operational test. static pressure (Ps3r) shall be recorded for each Pitot o
m
After preconditioning
preconditioning tests one heated air test will be station. In addition, three readings of
of traverse-plane s
o
n
conducted. dry-bulb temperature (td3) shall be recorded unless S
c
the readings are steady in which case only one need e i
n
8.8.1.2 Equilibrium. Equilibrium conditions shall
shall be be recorded. ti
fi
c
established before
before each determination.
determination. To test for ,
In
equilibrium, trial observations shall be made until 8.8.2.4.2 Duct nozzle (Figure 6.2). For a duct
nozzle test (Figure c
,.
w
steady readings are obtained.
obtained. Ranges of air delivery
delivery nozzle test, one reading each of nozzle pressure w
w
over which equilibrium cannot be established shall be drop (∆Pn), approach dry-bulb temperature ( td5) and te .
recorded. approach static pressure ( Ps5) shall be recorded. c
h
s
tr
e
t.
e
c
8.8.1.3
recordingPretest
airflowambient
data for measurement
a test, the. dry-bulb
Prior to 8.8.2.4.3 Chamber
For a chamber nozzle nozzle
nozzle testnozzle
test, the (Figure
(Figure 6.3 & 6.5).
combinations o
m
.
temperature of the air flowing in the general test area, and one reading each of nozzle pressure drop (∆Pn),
wet-bulb temperature, the barometric pressure and approach dry-bulb temperature ( td5), and approach
the ambient temperature at the barometer shall be static pressure (Ps5) shall be recorded.
recorded.
26

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500-D-07 h
te
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8.8.2.4.4 Other airflow measurement dampers. 8.8.2.8.2 Sufficient energy shall be introduced into te
ri
Data shall be recorded to establish accurate airflow the system to meet the required rate of temperature a
l
li
measurement (see Section 6.3.4). rise as noted in Section 8.8.2.5.
8.8.2.5. Prior to
to closure, c
e
n
consideration must be given to the introduction of s
e
d
8.8.2.5 Rate of temperature rise. The temperature combustion gases if hydrocarbon fuel is used as the to
at td1 shall be recorded at 10 second intervals from heat energy source to ensure that mass flow rate of A
li
s
the time heat is introduced into the system until air through the damper remains constant. ta
ir
completion of the test. B
o r
8.8.2.9 Test damper setup. Table 8 display
displayss o
s
k
8.8.2.6 Degree of closure. The degree of damper allowable combinations o
closure and any permanent deformation to the blades and test damper setups.of airflow rate measurement n
1
5
and frame shall be recorded. -M
8.8.2.9.1 Damper with inlet and outlet ducts a
r-
2
Under conditions of the specified airflow and heat, (Figure 5.9). One reading of inlet duct static pressure 0
1
(Ps9) shall
shall be recorded. The differential
differential pressure 1
the damper shall completely close and latch f
o
automatically (when a latch is provided) without (∆P9-4) after closure equilibrium is achieved shall be r
li
c
damage to the damper or its components. Damper recorded. e
n
s
closure is 100% if the damper closes fully as e
e
s '
previously demonstrated in the static condition. 8.8.2.10 The degree of damper closure and any u
s
Failure to close as previously demonstrated in the permanent deformation to the blades and frame shall e
o
static condition and/or any physical damage shall be be recorded. Under conditions of the specified airflow n
l
y
recorded. .
and heat, the damper shall completely close and N
latch automatically (when a latch is provided) without o
u f
8.8.2.7 Degree of opening. The degree
degree of damper damage to the damper or its components. Damper r
th
e
opening and any permanent deformation to the closure is 100% if the damper closes fully as r
r
blades and frame shall be recorded. Under e
previously demonstrated in the static condition. p
o r
conditions of the specified airflow and heat, the Failure to close as previously demonstrated in the d
u
damper shall completely open and latch c
static condition and/or any physical damage shall be ti
o
automatically (when a latch is provided) without recorded. n
o
damage to the damper or its components. Damper r
n
e
opening is 100% if the damper opens fully as 8.8.2.11 Closure time. The time
time required for the tw
o
previously demonstrated in the static condition and damper to travel from the open to closed position rk
in
original airflow values are established. Failure to shall be recorded. g
s i
open as previously demonstrated in the static p
e
condition shall be recorded. 8.8.2.12 Opening time. The time time required
required for the rm

damper to travel from the closed to the open position tti

e
d
8.8.2.8 Energy input shall be recorded. .
D
s i
t
b ri
u
8.8.2.8.1
from Thesource
the heat gas consumption
used duringorthe
electrical input
test shall be 8.8.3 Conductdifferential
and pressure of test. Anshall
airflow
berate measurement
established and te
d
converted to Joule (BTU) input.
input. The heated air test recorded at ambient temperatures between (0˚C - b
y
described herein anticipates the use of the 49˚C (32˚F - 120˚F)). The selected airflow
airflow rate shall T
h
o
combustion of natural
natural gas as the heat source. Other be established through the damper while fully open. m
s
methods of heat input shall be permitted to be used The damper shall then be closed and the selected o
n
provided a correction is made such that there is an pressure differential across the damper shall be S
c
e i
equivalent mass flow rate across the damper as that established. The test system must be designed in n
ti
would occur with using natural gas as the heat such a manner that when the test damper is open the fi
c
,
source. original air flow rate will be established. A test In
c
,.
w
w
w
Table 8 - Damper Operational Test
Test Using Heated Air Test
Test Damper Setups te .
c
h
TEST DAMPER SETUPS AIRFLOW RATE MEASUREMENT SETUPS s
tr
e
t.
e
c
Figure Connection Plane Figure Connection Plane o
m
6.1 C .

5.9 X 6.2 C
6.5 B
 27

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ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07 h
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determination is a complete set of measurements shall be tested with an enclosure around the actuator
actuator.. te
ri
with the damper in the open position and pressure The enclosure shall contain the actuator and shall be a
l
li
differential across the damper when it is closed. equipped with a heater which can raise the c
e
n
temperature inside the enclosure to the same s
e
d
After the test system has been set to establish the temperature and length of time that the damper is to to
desired airflow rate through the open damper and be rated. A
li
s
pressure differential across the closed damper, the ta
ir
test damper will be opened and the system set to 8.8.4 Presentation of results. The report and B
o r
deliver the airflow rate established at ambient presentation of results shall include all the data as o
s k
conditions. o
system at a Heat shall then
shall
rate which be introduced
introduced
will generate to the
an average outlined
followinginshall
Sections 8.8.2 and 8.8.3. In addition, the
be recorded: n
1
temperature rise of 15°- 30°C per min. (30°- 50°F per 5
-M
min.). Upon reaching the desired test temperature,
temperature, Damper Mounting Position a
r-
2
this temperature shall be maintained within -0°C + Blade Orientation 0
1
30°C (-0°F +50°F). Actuator/Operator 1
o f
Actuator/Operator Supply
Supply Source r
li
c
An exception shall be permitted for the recorded Airflow Direction
Direction e
n
s
temperature to drop below the test temperature, Personnel e
e
provided the cumulative time the damper is at or Date s '
u
above the test temperature
temperature is 15 minutes.
minutes. After the Test ID# s
e
o
required time at temperature, the damper shall then Lab Name n
y l
be allowed to close utilizing the appropriate weights, Lab Location .
N
springs, actuators or other closing dampers normally Reference to AMCA Standard 500-D o
u f
supplied with the damper, applying the closing torque r
te h
or force. (Note: for safety reasons, it may be 9. Calculations r
r
necessary to turn the heat source off when the test e
p
o r
damper is closed).
closed). During closure, the pressure drop 9.1 Calibration correction d
u
across the damper shall not be less than the value c
ti
o
indicated by a straight line from the pressure at the Calibration corrections, when required, shall be n
o
full-open position to the pressure at the full-closed applied to individual readings before averaging or
r
n
e
position when time (abscissa) vs. pressure (ordinate) other calculations.
calculations. Calibration corrections need not tw
o
is plotted on linear paper
paper.. The airflow
airflow generating be made if the correction is smaller than one half the rk
in
equipment is to be capable of producing the maximum allowable error as specified in Section 6. g
i
prescribed airflow and pressure conditions without s
p
e
the use of pressure relief dampers. 9.2 Density and viscosity of air rm
tti
e
With the pressure differential maintained on the d
9.2.1 Atmospheric air density. The density of .
D
closed damper, a visual inspection shall be made on atmospheric air (ρo) shall be determined from s i
t
the damper and the degree of closure shall be b ri
u
recorded. The test sample mustmust be at rated test measurements, taken in the general test area, of dry- te
bulb temperature (td0), wet-bulb temperature (tw0), d
temperature prior to reopening. The damper shall b
and barometric pressure (pb) using Equations 9.1, y
then be reopened with the appropriate weights, T
h
springs, actuators or other opening damper(s) 9.2, and 9.3 [16]. o
m
s
normally supplied with the damper, applying the o
n
opening torque or force. During opening, the pe = 3.25tw2 0 + 18.6tw 0 + 692 Eq. 9.1 SI S
c
i
pressure drop across the damper shall not be less e
n
ti
than the value indicated by a straight line between c
fi
,
the pressure drop at the full-open position and the pe = (2.96 × 1100−4 )tw2 0 − (1.59 × 1100−2 )tw 0 + 0.41 c
In

pressure drop across the damper at the full-closed ,.

Eq. 9.1 I-P w
position when time (abscissa) vs. pressure drop w
w
(ordinate) is plotted
plotted on linear paper. Once the te .
c
t −t
damper is opened an external visual inspection
= pe − pb  d 0 w 0 
h
pp s
(through viewing ports, if necessary) shall be made Eq. 9.2 SI tr
 1500  e
t.
e
c
on the damper and the degree of opening shall be o
recorded. m
.
t −t 
pp = pe − pb  d 0 w 0  Eq. 9.2 I-P
During this test, a damper equipped with an external  2700 
actuator used as the mechanism to close the damper
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te
d
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a
( pb− 0.378 pp ) measurement (n), and squaring the quotient as te
ri
ρ0 = Eq. 9.3 SI indicated by: a
l
R(t d 0 + 273.15) c
li
2 e
Σ Pv 3 r  s
n
PV 3 =  Eq. 9.6 e
− 0.378 pp )  n  d

=
70.73( pb   to
ρ0 Eq. 9.3 I-P A
R (t d 0 + 459.67) s
ta
li

9.3.1.2 Velocity. The average

average velocity
velocity (V3) shall be ir
B
Equation 9.1 is approximately correct for pe for a obtained from the density at the plane of traverse (ρ3) o r
o
s k
range of tw0 between 4°C and 32°C (40°F and 90°F). and the corresponding velocity pressure (Pv3) using: o
n
When tw0 is outside of the range of 4˚C and 32˚C 2Pv 3 1
(40˚F and 90˚F), values of pe shall be obtained from V3 = Eq. 9.7 SI 5
-M
ρ3 a
the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals1. The gas r-
2
0
constant (R) may be taken as 287.1 J/kg-K (53.35 ft- Pv 3 1
lbf/lbm-°R) for air. V3 = 1097 Eq. 9.7 I-P o
1
f
ρ3 r
li
c
e
9.2.2 Duct or chamber air density. The density of n
s
air in a duct or chamber at Plane x ( ρx) may be 9.3.1.3 Flow rate. The airflow
airflow rate (Q3) at the Pitot e
e
s '
calculated by correcting the density of atmospheric traverse plane shall be obtained from the velocity ( V3) u
s
and the area (A3) using: e
air (ρ0) for the pressure ( Psx) and temperature (tdx) at o
n
l
Plane x using: y
.
N
Q3 = V3 A3 Eq. 9.8 o
u f
 td 0 + 273.15   Psx + pb  te
r
h
ρ x
=ρ 0
 tdx + 273.15   pb  Eq. 9.4 SI 9.3.2 Nozzle. The damper airflow rate may be
e
r
r
calculated from the pressure differential (∆ Pn) p
o r
measured across a single nozzle or bank of multiple d
u
c
 t + 459.67   Psx + 13.63 pb  nozzles [18]. ti
ρx = ρ0  d 0   Eq. 9.4 I-P
o
n
 tdx + 459.67   13.63 pb  9.3.2.1 Alpha ratio. The ratio of absolute nozzle exit
o
r
n
e
pressure to absolute approach pressure shall be tw
o
If Psx is numerically less than 1000 Pa (4 in. wg), x calculated from: rk
in
may be considered equal to 0. g
s i
Ps 6 + pb p
e
9.2.3 Air viscosity. The viscosity (µ) shall be α = Eq. 9.9 SI rm
calculated from: Ps 5 + pb tti
e
d
.
D
µx = (17.23 + 0.048tdx ) × 10−6 Eq. 9.5 SI Ps 6 + 13.63 pb s
t
i
α = b ri
Ps 5 u
+ 13.63 pb Eq. 9.9 I-P te
d
−6
µx = (11.00 + 0.018tdx ) × 10 Eq. 9.5 I-P b
y
Or: T
h
o
The value for 20°C (68°F) air, which is 1.819 × 10 -5 ∆Pn m
α = 1− Eq. 9.10 SI s
o
Pa-s (1.222 × 10-5 lbm/ft-s), may be used between ρ5R(t d5 + 273.15) n
S
4°C and 40°C (40°F and 100°F) [17]. c
e i
n
ti
5.187∆Pn c
fi
9.3 Airflow rate at test conditions α = 1− Eq. 9.10 I-P ,
In
ρ5R(t d5 + 459.67) c
,.
w
9.3.1 Velocity traverse . The damper airflow rate w
w
may be calculated from velocity pressure 9.3.2.2 Beta ratio. The ratio of nozzle throat te .
measurements (Pv3) taken by Pitot traverse. diameter (D6) to approach duct diameter ( D5) shall be c
h
s
calculated from: tr
e
t.
e
c
9.3.1.1 Velocity pressure
(Pv3) corresponding . The velocity
to the average velocity pressure
shall be o
β = D6 / D5 Eq. 9.11 m
.
obtained by taking the square roots of the individual
measurements (Pv3r) (see Figure 3), summing the
For a chamber approach β may be taken as zero.
roots, dividing the sum by the number of
 29

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9.3.2.3 Expansion factor. The expansion factor (Y) 9.3.2.6 Discharge coefficient . The nozzle te
ri
may be obtained from: discharge coefficient (C) shall be determined from: a
l
li
c
e
n
s
1/ 2
 γ 2 / γ 1 − α (γ −1)/ γ   1 − β 4 
1/ 2
7.00
0 06 134.6 e
Y = α Eq. 9.12 C = 0.9986
986 − + Eq. 9.17 d
   Re Re to
γ − 1 1 − α  1 − β 4α 2 / γ  A
li
L s
for = 0.6 ta
ir
D
The ratio of specific heats ( γ) may be taken as 1.4 for B
r
o
air. Alternativ
Alternatively,
ely, the expansion factor for air may be o
s k
approximated with sufficient accuracy by: C 986 − 6.68
= 0.9986 6 88 + 131.5 Eq. 9.18 o
n
Re Re 5
1
-M
Y = 1 − (0.548 + 0.71β 4 )(1 − α ) Eq. 9.13 L
= 0.5 a
for r-
D 2
0
1
9.3.2.4 Energy factor. The energy factor (E) may 1
o f
be determined by measuring velocity pressures (Pvr) For Re of 12,000 and above [10]. r
li
c
upstream of the nozzle at standard traverse stations e
n
9.3.2.7 Airflow rate for ducted nozzles. The volume s
and calculating: e
e
flow rate (Q5) at the entrance to a ducted nozzle shall s '
u
be calculated from: s
3 e
 Σ ( Pv3r / 2 )   Σ ( Pv1r/ 2 )  o
n
E= /  Eq. 9.14 y l
 n   n  CA6Y 2∆Pn / ρ5
.
    Q5 = Eq. 9.19 SI o
N

f
1 − E β4 u
r
th
e
Sufficient accuracy can be obtained for setups r
r
qualifying under this standard by setting E = 1.0 for e
p
chamber approach or E = 1.043 for duct approach 1097CA6Y ∆Pn / ρ5 o r

[10].
Q5 = Eq. 9.19 I-P d
u
1 − E β4 c
ti
o
n
o
9.3.2.5 Reynolds number. The Reynolds number r
n
(Re) based on nozzle exit diameter (D6) shall be The area (A6) is measured at the plane of the throat e
tw
calculated from: taps. o
rk
in
g
9.3.2.8 Airflow rate for
for chamber nozzles. The
chamber nozzles s i
D6V6 ρ6 p
Re = Eq. 9.15 SI volume flow rate (Q5) at the entrance to a nozzle or e
rm
µ6 multiple nozzles with chamber approach shall be tti
e
calculated from: d
.
D
D6V6 ρ6 s i
Re = Eq. 9.15 I-P t
b ri
60 µ u
6 Q5 =Y 2∆Pn Σ(CA6 ) Eq. 9.20 SI te
ρ5 d
b
y
using properties of air as determined in Section 9.2 T
h
and the throat velocity (V6) in m/s (fpm).
(fpm). Since the
the o
m
∆Pn s
velocity determination depends on Reynolds number Q5 = 1097Y Σ(CA6 ) Eq. 9.20 I-P o
n
an approximation
approximation must be employed.
employed. It can
can be ρ5 S
c
shown that: e i
n
ti
The coefficient (C) and area ( A6) must be determined fi
2 ∆Pn ρ5 c
,
Re = CD6Y Eq. 9.16 SI for each nozzle and their products summed as In
µ6 1 − E β4 c
indicated. The area (A6) is measured at the plane of ,.
w
w
the throat taps or the nozzle exit for nozzles without w
te .
1097 ∆Pn ρ5 throat taps. c
Re = CD6Y Eq. 9.16 I-P s
h
60 µ 1− E β4 tr
e
For the purpose of calculating density at plane 5
t.
e
c
(Figure 6.5), Ps5 may be considered equal to Ps8 + o
m
For chamber approach β may be taken as zero. ∆Pn in Figures 5.7B, 5.7D and 5.7F. Ps5 may not be .

used to calculate the damper pressure differential.

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9.4 Density correction 9.6.1 Subtractio
Subtraction n by chart. The data from both te
ri
tests shall be plotted
plotted on logarithmic graph paper.
paper. A a
l
li
The resistance of a duct system or pressure drop of straight line shall then be drawn through each set of c
e
n
a damper is dependent upon the density of the air data points. The damper air air leakage airflow
airflow rate for s
e
d
flowing through the system or damper.
damper. At constant any given pressure differential is the airflow rate to
volume airflow rate the pressure drop varies in direct difference between the plotted lines at that pressure A
li
s
proportion to the density, for example, a 10% differential. ta
ir
increase in density would cause a 10% increase in B
o r
pressure drop. A correction
correction shall be made
made to adjust 9.6.2 Subtraction by data points. The airflow o
s k
the pressure drop measured at test conditions to the leakage rate for a given set of pressure differential o
n
pressure drop which would be measured at the same data may be subtracted directly provided the 1
"system" air leakage airflow rate is corrected to the 5
airflow rate with standard air density [1.2 kg/m3 -M

(0.075 lbm/ft3)]. identical pressure differential as the "damper and a

r-
2
system" pressure differential
differential.. The converted airflow 0
1
rate (Qc) is determined by adjusting the test airflow 1
The correction shall be calculated from: o f
rate (Qt) by the square root of the pressure ratio r
li
c
required to make the pressure differentials identical. e
QS = Q1 Eq. 9.21 s
e
n

e
s '
 1.2   ∆P  u
∆Ps = ∆P1,2   Eq. 9.22 SI Qc = Qt  DS  Eq. 9.24
s
e
 ρ1   ∆PS  o
n
y l
.
 0.075  N
∆Ps = ∆P1,2   Eq. 9.22 I-P where : o
f
 ρ1  u
r
th
e
Qc = converted airflow rate, m3/s (cfm) r
r
e
Since the heated air tests are not performed at a p
Qt = test airflow rate, m3/s (cfm) o r
constant volume airflow rate, density corrections per d
u
∆PDS = damper and system test pressure differential, c
this section are not applicable to heated air. ti
o
Pa (in. wg) n
o
∆PS = system test pressure differential, Pa (in. wg) r
9.5 Continuity of mass flow e
n
tw
o
The volume flow rate of the damper is measured at a 9.7 Pressure drop - duct system correction rk
in
different plane than the damper
damper inlet plane.
plane. In some g
s i
setups, particularly Figure 6.5, the air density at the For the purpose of establishing damper pressure p
e
volume flow rate measuring plane will vary from the drop, the "system" pressure drop must be subtracted rm

air density at
at the damper inlet
inlet plane. In such cases, from the "damper and duct system" pressure drop. tti
e
Since it is not practical to set up and test the exact d
volume flow rate shall be obtained from the equation .
D
of continuity of mass: airflow rate, corrected to standard air, for each pair of s i
t
determinations the subtraction may be accomplished b ri
u
by one of the methods below. te
ρ  d
Q1 = Qx  x  Eq. 9.23 b
y
 ρ1  9.7.1 Subtractio
Subtraction n by chart. The data from both T
h
tests shall be plotted
plotted on logarithmic graph paper.
paper. A o
m
where: s
straight line shall then be drawn through each set of o
n
data points. The damper pressure drop drop for any given S
Plane 1 = damper inlet plane c
i
flow is the pressure difference between the plotted e
n
Plane x = volume flow rate measuring plane. ti
lines at that airflow rate. c
fi
,
In
9.6 Airflow leakage - system leakage 9.7.2 Subtraction by data points. The pressure
c
,.
w
correction drop for a given set of airflow rate data may be w
w
subtracted directly provided the "duct system" te .
For the purpose of establishing damper air leakage pressure drop is corrected to the identical airflow rate c
h
s
the "system" air leakage must be subtracted from the as the "damper
"damper and duct system" airflow
airflow rate. The tr
e
t.
e
c
"damper
practical and system"
to set up andair leakage. Since pressure
test the exact it is not converted pressure drop (∆Pc) is determined by o
adjusting the tested pressure drop (∆Pt) by the m
.
differential corrected to standard air for each pair of
square of the airflow rate required to make the airflow
determinations, the subtraction may be
rates identical.
accomplished by one of the methods below.
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500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
2 pressure upstream of the closed damper, and a 125 te
Q  Pa (½ in. wg) pressure downstream of the closed a
ri
∆Pc = ∆Pt  DS  Eq. 9.25 l
li
 QS  damper. c
e
n
s
e
d
where: This provides a (∆P9,5) of 1000 Pa (4 in. wg) across to
the closed damper and a (∆P5-6) of 125 Pa (½ in. wg) A
li
s
QDS = damper and duct system air flow rate, across the nozzle plate. Test #2 may have a 1375 Pa ta
ir
m3/s(cfm) (5½ in. wg) pressure upstream of the closed damper, B
o r
QS = duct system air flow rate, m3/s (cfm) and a 375 Pa (1½ in. wg) pressure downstream of o
s k
∆Pt = test pressure drop, Pa (in. wg) damper. This also provides a (∆P9,5) of 1000 Pa
the damper. o
n
(4 in. wg) across the closed damper but provides a 1
∆PC = converted pressure drop, Pa (in. wg) 5
-M
(∆P5,6) of 375 Pa (1½ in. wg) across the nozzle plate.
a
r-
9.8 Airflow leakage - system leakage correction 2
0
If system leakage were present, the larger (∆P5,6) in 1
for elevated temperature leakage tests 1
test #2 would have the effect of producing more of
r
leakage through the system than was produced in c
li
Leakage through the damper is the sum of the test #1. In addition, the airflow through the nozzle(s)
nozzle(s)
e
n
s
system leakage between plane 2 and plane 5 (nozzle in test #1 would be greater than the airflow through
e
e
s '
plate) inclusive, and the airflow measured through the nozzle (s) in test #2 by an amount equal to Qs,t2 – u
s
the open nozzle(s) at plane 5 (nozzle plate) as shown e
Qs,t1 as demonstrated by rearranging Equation 9.29: o
in Figures 5.9 and 6.6. The damper leakage
leakage can be n
l
y
verified by performing two (2) separate leakage tests. .
N
The first test is to be performed with a given nozzle Qn,t 1 − Qn,t 2 = Qs,t 2 − Qs ,t 1 Eq. 9.29 o
u f
or nozzle combination open [e.g., 20 mm (0.75 in.)
th
r
e
diameter nozzle], and the second test is to be The system leakage for tests #1 and #2 can be r
er
performed with a smaller nozzle or nozzle defined by Equations 9.30 and 9.31. p
or
combination open [e.g., 12 mm (0.50 in.) diameter d
u
nozzle]. The damper leakage
leakage for these two tests is c
ti
o
given by Equations 9.26 and 9.27. ∆Pn,t1 n
Qs,t1 = Ks Eq. 9.30 o
r
ρn,t1 n
e
tw
Test #1: Qd ,t 1 = Qs,t 1 + Qn,t1 Eq. 9.26 o
rk
in
∆Pn,t2 g
Test #2: Qd ,t 2 = Qs,t 2 + Qn,t 2 Eq. 9.27 Qs,t2 = Ks Eq. 9.31 s i
ρn,t2 p
e
rm
tti
If the pressure differential across the closed damper e
d
Substituting Equations 9.32 and 9.33 into 9.31: .
∆P9-5, the air temperature at the damper ( td1) are the D
s i
same for both tests, and the damper has not been t
b ri
disturbed, such that all clearances and gaps between u
adjacent damper parts are unchanged, then the
Qn,t 1 − Qn,t 2 = KS ∆Pn,t 2 − KS ∆Pn,t 1 Eq. 9.32 te
d
ρn,t 2 ρn,t 1 b
damper leakage is the same for both tests and Qd,t1 = y
T
h
Qd,t2. Thus, Equations 9.26 and 9.27 can be equated o
m
as shown in Equation 9.28.  ∆Pn,t 2 ∆Pn,t 1  s
o
Qn,t 1 − Qn,t 2 = KS  −  Eq. 9.33 n
 ρn,t 2 ρn,t 1  S
 c
i
Qs,t 1 + Qn ,t1 = Qs ,t2 + Qn,t 2 Eq. 9.28 e
n
ti
fi
c
Solving Equation 9.34 for Ks yields: ,
In
If there is no system leakage, then Qs,t1 = Qs,t2 = 0, c
Qn,t 1 − Qn,t 2 ,.
and from Equation 9.28, Qn,t1 = Qn,t2. In this case, the w
KS = w
leakage through the damper passes entirely through  ∆Pn,t 2   ∆Pn,t 1  Eq. 9.34 w
.
the nozzles. Since the nozzles or nozzle
  −   te
c

combinations employed for test #1 and test #2 have

 ρn,t 2 ρ
  nt  , 1 s
tr
h

e
t.
e
c
different diameters,
the nozzles the combinations
or nozzle differential pressure across
(∆P5,6) will be If Ks < 0, the test shall be repeated. The calculated o
m
greater for the test employing the nozzle or nozzle value of Ks may then be substituted back into .

combination with the smaller cumulative throat area. Equations 9.30 to calculate the system leakage from
For example, test #1 may have a 1125 Pa (4.5 in. wg) test #1.
32

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te
d
m
a
10. References te
∆Pn,t1 ri
Qs,t1 = Ks Eq.9.30 repeated a
l
li
ρn,t1 1. Handbook of Fundamentals 2001, Table 2: c
e
n
Thermodynamic Properties of Moist Air, Chapter 6, s
e
d
If the system leakage is negative and the value is American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air- to

less than 2 cfm, the system leakage shall be Conditioning Engineers, Inc., Atlanta, GA 30329- A
li
s
considered to be zero. If the value is above 2 cfm,
cfm, 2305 U.S.A. ta
ir
the leakage
leakage test shall be repeated. The damper
damper B
r
o
leakage may then be calculated by using Equation o
s k
9.26. o
n
1
5
-M
Qd ,t 1 = Qs,t 1 + Qn,t 1 Eq. 9.26 repeated a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f

th
r
e
r
er
p
or
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
s i
t
b ri
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
t.
e
c
o
m
.
 33

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500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f

th
r
e
r
er
p
or
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
Device face area = W x H D
si
tb ri
Free area = L[A + B + (N x C)] u
te
d
b
y
L  A + B + ( N × C )  T
Percent free area = h
o
W ×H s
m
o
Where: n
S
c
e i
A = Minimum distance between the
the head and top blade ti
n
fi
B = Minimum distance between the
the sill and bottom blade c
,
In
C = Minimum distance between adjacent blades c
,.
N = Number of "C" openings in the damper w
w
L = Minimum distance between damper jambs w
te .
W = Actual damper width c
h
H = Actual damper height s
tr
e
t.
e
c
o
m
Figure 1 - AMCA Free Area Sections .
34

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500-D-07 h
te
d
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a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
th
r
e
r
er
p
or
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
Notes: D
si
tri
b
1. Surface finish
finish shall be 0.8 micrometer
micrometer (32 micro-in.)
micro-in.) or better
better.. The static orifices may not exceed 1 mm (0.04 u
te
in.) diameter.
diameter. The minimum Pitot tube stem diameter
diameter recognized under this standard shall be 2.5 mm (0.10(0.10 d
b
in.). In no case shall the stem diameter exceed 1/30 of the test duct diameter
diameter.. y
T
h
o
m
2. Head shall
shall be free from nicks and
and burrs. s
o
n
S
3. All dimension shall be within ± 2%. c
i
e
n
ti
fi
4. Section A-A shows 8 holes equally spaced and free from burrs. Hole diameter
diameter shall be 0.153D, but not c
,
In
exceeding 1mm (0.04 in.). Hole depth shall not be less than the hole diameter.
diameter. c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
t.
e
c
o
m
Figure 2A - Pitot-Static Tube with Spherical Head .
 35

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
th
r
e
r
er
X/D V/D X/D V/D p
or
d
0 0.5 1.602 0.314 u
c
ti
0.237 0.496 1.657 0.295 o
n
0.336 0.494 1.698 0.279 o
r
n
0.0474 0.487 1.73 0.266 e
tw
0.622 0.477 1.762 0.25 o
rk
in
0.741 0.468 1.796 0.231 g
s i
0.936 0.449 1.83 0.211 p
e
1.025 0.436 1.858 0.192 rm

1.134 0.42 1.875 0.176 tti

e
d
1.228 0.404 1.888 0.163 .
D
1.313 0.388 1.9 0.147 si
tri
b
1.39 0.371 1.91 0.131 u
t
e
1.442 0.357 1.918 0.118 d
b
1.506 0.343 1.92 0.109 y
T
h
1.538 0.333 1.921 0.1 o
m
1.57 0.323 s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 2B - Alternate Pitot-Static Tube with Ellipsoidal Head .
36

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
Number of Points u
Distance from Centerline - x/a or y/b s
per Traverse Line e
o
5 0 ±0.212 ±0.426 n
y l
.
6 ±0.063 ±0.265 ±0.439 N
o
7 0 ±0.134 ±0.297 ±0.447 u f
th
r
e
r
Figure 3A - Log Tchebycheff Traverse Points for Rectangular Ducts er
p
or
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
si
tri
b
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
Notes: c
,
In
c
1. D is the average of four measurements at traverse plane at 45° angles measured to accuracy of 0.2% D. ,.
w
w
w
te .
2. Traverse duct shall
shall be round within
within 0.5% D or 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) whichever is greater, at traverse plane and for c
h
a distance of 0.5 duct diameters on either side of traverse plane. s
tr
e
e
t.
3. All Pitot positions ± 0.0025D relative to inside duct walls. c
o
m
.

Figure 3B - Log Linear Traverse Points for Circular Ducts

 37

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
th
r
e
r
er
p
or
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
si
tri
b
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
Note: A 2 mm (0.07 in.) hole is the maximum size which will allow space for a smooth surface 20D from the hole c
e i
when installed 38 mm (1.5 in.) from a partition, such as in Figures 6.3, 6.4, and 6.5. ti
n
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 4 - Static Pressure Taps .
38

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
D = 4ab / π for rectangular ducts (where a = duct width and b = duct height). s
u
'

s
e
o
D = duct diameter for round ducts. n
l
y
.
N
o
u f
Figure 5.1 - Test Damper Setup with Outlet Duct th
r
e
r
er
p
or
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
si
tb ri
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
D = 4ab / π for rectangular ducts (where a = duct width and b = duct height). ,.
w
w
w
te .
D = duct diameter for round ducts. c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 5.2 - Test Damper Setup with Inlet Duct .
 39

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
th
r
e
r
er
p
or
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
D = 4ab / π for rectangular ducts (where a = duct width and b = duct height). g
in

s i
p
D = duct diameter for round ducts. e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
Notes: si
tb ri
u
1. Single
Single or multi-bl
multi-blade
ade dampers
dampers of less
less than 30 percent
percent duct
duct area blockage
blockage may
may be tested
tested with
with 4D minimum te
d
upstream of Plane 9 and 6D minimum downstream of Plane 2 provided there is 15 percent maximum blockage b
y
at any wall. The percentage of duct area blockage
blockage shall be defined as the blockage
blockage created by the projected T
h
areas of those items within the duct dimensions such as frame members, stops, etc. excluding only blades, as o
m
s
a percentage of the total duct cross-section area. o
n
S
c
i
2. Curtain type
type dampers of less
less than 30 percent
percent duct area blockage
blockage may be tested
tested with 4D minimum upstream e
n
ti
of Plane 9 and 6D minimum downstream
downstream of Plane 2 provided there
there is 15 percent maximum blockage
blockage at any c
fi
,
wall. The percentage of duct area blockage shall be defined
defined as the blockage created by the projected area of In
c
all items within the duct dimensions including frame members, stops, blades, etc, as a percentage of the total ,.
w
duct cross-section area. w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 5.3 - Test Damper Setup with Inlet and Outlet Ducts .
40

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
Damper Being Tested n
l
y
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
D = 4ab / π for rectangular ducts (where a = duct width and b = duct height). in
g
s i
p
D = duct diameter for round ducts. e
rm
tti
e
d
.
Notes: D
s i
tb ri
1. No more than
than two 90° elbows shall be allowed downstream of the damper being
being tested. u
te
d
b
2. The downstream elbows should be as far as possible from
from the damper being tested. y
T
h
o
m
3. Rectangul ar elbows shall be smooth radius constructed
Rectangular construc ted in accorda
accordance
nce with Table 14-10.F of SMACNA HV
HVACAC s
o
n
Systems Duct Design, 1990 - Third Edition, centerline radius 1.5 D or greater.
greater. Round elbows shall be either S
c
smooth radius or 3 to 5 piece, constructed in accordance with Table 14-10, A or B of SMACNA HVAC Systems e i
n
Duct Design, 1990- Third Edition centerline radius 1.5D. ti
fi
c
,
In
4. Turning vanes may be used to improve
improve the velocity
velocity profile through an elbow.
elbow. c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 5.3A - Alternate Test Damper Setup with Inlet and Outlet Ducts - Vertical Damper .
 41

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
D = 4ab / π for rectangular ducts (where a = duct width and b = duct height). g
in

s i
p
D = duct diameter for round ducts. e
rm
tti
e
d
.
Notes: D
s i
tri
b
u
1. The upstream seven diameters may include one elbow located
located as far from the damper
damper as possible.
possible. te
d
b
y
2. The downstream
downstream ten diameters may have elbows as required. T
h
o
m
s
3. Rectangul ar elbows shall be smooth radius constructed
Rectangular construc ted in accorda
accordance
nce with Table 14-10.F of SMACNA HV
HVACAC o
n
Systems Duct Design, 1990 - Third Edition, centerline radius 1.5 D or greater.
greater. Round elbows shall be either S
c
smooth radius or 3 to 5 piece, constructed in accordance with Table 14-10, A or B of SMACNA HVAC Systems e i
n
ti
Duct Design, 1990- Third Edition centerline radius 1.5D or greater. c
fi
,
In
c
4. Turning vanes may be used to improve
improve the velocity
velocity profile through an elbow.
elbow. ,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 5.3B - Alternate Test Damper Setup with Inlet and Outlet Ducts - Horizontal Damper .
42

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
D = 4ab / π for rectangular ducts (where a = duct width and b = duct height). g
s i
p
e
D = duct diameter for round ducts. rm
tti
e
d
.
D
Notes: s i
tri
b
u
1. The upstream seven diameters may include three elbows with the nearest located as far from the damper being
being te
d
tested as possible. b
y
T
h
o
2. The downstream
downstream ten diameters may have elbows as required. m
s
o
n
3. Rectangul ar elbows shall be smooth radius constructed
Rectangular construc ted in accorda
accordance
nce with Table 14-10.F of SMACNA HVHVAC
AC S
c
e i
Systems Duct Design, 1990 - Third Edition, centerline radius 1.5 D. Round elbowselbows shall be either smooth n
ti
radius or 3 to 5 piece, constructed in accordance with Table 14-10, A or B of SMACNA HVAC Systems Duct fi
c
,
Design, 1990- Third Edition centerline radius 1.5D or greater. In
c
,.
w
4. Turning vanes may be used to improve
improve the velocity
velocity profile through an elbow.
elbow. w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 5.3C - Alternate Test Damper Setup with Inlet and Outlet Ducts - Horizontal Damper .
 43

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AM
ANSI/AMCA
CA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
si
tri
b
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
Note: For pressure drop testing an outlet chamber shall have a cross sectional area at least fifteen times the free c
h
area of the damper being tested. s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 5.4 - Test Damper Setup with Outlet Chamber .
44

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
si
tb ri
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
Note: For pressure drop testing an inlet chamber shall have a cross sectional area at least three times the free c
h
area of the damper being tested. s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 5.5 - Test Damper Setup with Inlet Chamber .
 45

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AM
ANSI/AMCA
CA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
Figure 5.6A - Test Damper Setup - Leakage Test with Damper under Positive Pressure p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
s i
tb ri
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
.

Figure 5.6B - Test Damper Setup - Leakage Test with Damper under Negative Pressure
46

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
Figure 5.7A - Outlet Plenum Figure 5.7B - Inlet Plenum e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
Figure 5.7C - Outlet Plenum Figure 5.7D - Inlet Plenum tti
e
d
.
D
s i
tb ri
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
Figure 5.7E - Outlet Plenum Figure 5.7F - Inlet Plenum c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
Note: For pressure drop testing, plenum size shall be larger than the test damper by a minimum of 305 mm (12 m
.
in.) on all four sides. The plenum height shall be no less than the plenum length.
length.

Figure 5.7 - Test Damper Setups with Plenum

 47

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AM
ANSI/AMCA
CA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
s i
tb ri
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
Figure 5.8 - Bubble Test Setup w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
.
48

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
305 mm ± 25 mm to
A
(12 in. ± 1 in.) s
li
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
D/6 e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
D/3 n
o
D r
n
e
D/3 tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
si
tri
b
u
D = 4ab / π for rectangular ducts (where a = duct width and b = duct height). te
d
b
y
T
D = duct diameter for round ducts. h
o
m
s
Notes: o
n
S
c
e i
1. Single
Single or multi-bl
multi-blade
ade dampers
dampers of less
less than 30 percent
percent duct
duct area blockage
blockage may
may be tested with 4D minimum
tested with ti
n
fi
upstream of Plane 9 and 6D minimum downstream of Plane 2 provided there is 15 percent maximum blockage c
,
In
at any wall. The percentage of duct area blockage
blockage shall be defined as the blockage
blockage created by the projected c
areas of those items within the duct dimensions such as frame members, stops, etc. excluding only blades, as ,.
w
w
a percentage of the total duct cross-section area. w
te .
c
h
2. Curtain type
type dampers of less
less than 30 percent
percent duct area blockage
blockage may be tested
tested with 4D minimum upstream s
tr
of Plane 9 and 6 D minimum downstream of Plane 2 provided there is 15 percent maximum blockage at any e
e
t.
wall. The percentage of duct area blockage shall be defined
defined as the blockage created by the projected area of c
o
m
all items within the duct dimensions including frame members, stops, blades, etc, as a percentage of the total .
duct cross-section area.

Figure 5.9 - Elevated Temperature System Setup

 49

C
o
p
y
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g
ANSI/AM
ANSI/AMCA
CA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
s k
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
2 tw
Σ Pv 3 r  o
rk
Pv 3 =  Q3 = V3A3 in
 n  g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.

=
2Pv 3 ρ  D
V3 Q = Q3  3  si
tb ri
ρ3 ρ u
te
d
SI formula b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
P3 c
e i
V3 = 1097 ti
n
ρ3 fi
c
,
In
I-P formula c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 6.1 - Airflow Rate Measurement Setup - Pitot in Duct .
50

C
o
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y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r

o
k
s
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
2∆Pn
CA6Y tti
e
ρ5 ρ  d
Q5 = Q = Q5  5  .
D
1− E β 4
ρ si
tb ri
u
SI formula te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
∆Pn o
n
1097CA6Y S
ρ5 c
i
Q5 = e
n
ti
1− E β 4 c
fi
,
In
I-P formula c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 6.2 - Airflow Rate Measurement Setup - Nozzle on End of Duct .
 51

C
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ANSI/AM
ANSI/AMCA
CA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r

o
k
s
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
2∆Pn e
Q5 =Y Σ(CA6 ) ρ 
d
.
ρ5 Q = Q5  5  D
s i
ρ tri
b
u
SI formula te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
∆Pn S
c
Q5 = 1097Y Σ(CA6 ) e i
n
ρ5 ti
fi
c
,
In
I-P formula c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 6.3 - Airflow Rate Measurement Setup - Multiple Nozzle Chamber on Fan Inlet .
52

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r

o
k
s
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm

2∆Pn tti
e
CA6Y d
.
ρ5 ρ  D
Q5 = Q = Q5  5  s i
4 ρ tri
b
1− E β   u
te
d
SI formula b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
∆Pn c
i
1097CA6Y e
n
ρ5 ti
Q5 = c
,
fi

1− E β 4 In
c
,.
w
w
I-P formula w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 6.4 - Airflow Rate Measurement Setup - Single Nozzle Chamber .
 53

C
o
p
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g
ANSI/AM
ANSI/AMCA
CA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r

o
k
s
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
2∆Pn ρ  .
Q5 =Y
ρ5
∑ (CA )6 Q = Q5  5 
ρ s
D
i
tri
b
u
te
SI formula d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
∆Pn o
Q5 = 1097Y
ρ5
∑ (CA )
6 S
c
n

e i
n
ti
fi
I-P formula c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 6.5 - Airflow Rate Measurement Setup - Multiple Nozzle Chamber on Fan Outlet .
54

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r

o
k
s
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
of
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
2∆Pn  ρ5  s i
tri
b
Q =Y ∑ (CA ) Q =Q  ρ 
5 6 5
ρ5 u
te
d
b
SI formula y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
∆Pn
Q5 = 1097Y
ρ5
∑ (CA )
6
c
e
ti
i
n
fi
c
,
In
I-P formula c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 6.6 - Leakage Chamber .
 55

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AM
ANSI/AMCA
CA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r

o
k
s
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
Notes: e r
p
o r
d
1. The nozzle shall have a cross-section
cross-section consisting
consisting of elliptical and cylindrical
cylindrical portions,
portions, as shown. The cylindrical
cylindrical u
c
portion is defined as the nozzle throat. ti
o
n
o
r
2. The cross-section
cross-section of the elliptical
elliptical portion
portion is one quarter of an ellipse, having
having the large axis D and the small axis n
e
tw
0.667D. A three-radii
three-radii approximation to the elliptical form
form that does not differ at any point in the normal direction o
rk
more than 1.5% from the elliptical form shall
shall be used. The adjacent arcs, as well as the last arc, shall smoothly in
g
meet and blend with the nozzle throat.
throat. The recommended approximation
approximation which meets these requirements
requirements is s i
shown in Figure 7B by Cermak, J., Memorandum Report to AMCA 210/ASHRAE 51P Committee, June 16, p
e
rm
1992.
tti
e
d
.
3. The nozzle throat dimension L shall be either 0.6D ± 0.005D (recommended), or 0.5D ± 0.005D. D
s i
tri
b
4. The nozzle throat dimension D shall be measured (to an accuracy of 0.001 D) at the minor axis of the ellipse u
te
and at the nozzle exit. At each place, four diameters apart must be within ± 0.002D
diameters – approximately 45˚ apart d
b
greater, but no less than, the mean at the nozzle exit. y
T
h
o
m
5. The nozzle surface in the direction
direction of flow from the nozzle inlet towards
towards the nozzle exit shall fair
fair smoothly so s
o
that a straight-edge may be rocked over the surface without clicking.
clicking. The macro-pattern of the surface shall n
S
not exceed 0.001D, peak-to-peak. The edge of the nozzle exit shall
shall be square, sharp, and free of burrs,
burrs, nicks c
e i
n
or roundings. ti
fi
c
,
In
6. In a chamber,
chamber, the use of either of the nozzle types shown
shown above is permitted.
permitted. A nozzle with throat
throat taps shall c
,.
be used when the discharge is direct into a duct, and the nozzle outlet should be flanged. w
w
w
te .
7. A nozzle with throat
throat taps shall
shall have four such taps conforming
conforming to Figure 4, located 90 ± 2 apart. All four taps
taps c
h
shall be connected to a piezometer ring. s
tr
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 7A - Nozzles .
56

C
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p
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ri
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r

o
k
s
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
s i
tri
b
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
t.
c
o
m
Figure 7B - Three Arc Approximation of Elliptical Nozzle .
 57

C
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r

o
k
s
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
s i
tri
b
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
t.
Figure 8 - Transformation Pieces c
o
m
.
58

C
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ri
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
te
ri
a
l
li
c
e
n
s
e
d
to
A
li
s
ta
ir
B
o r
o
k
s
o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
Figure 9A - Flow Straightener c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
s i
tri
b
u
te
d
b
y
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
S
c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
The straightener consists
consists of eight radial vanes equally spaced. The vane thickness shall not exceed 0.007D. w
w
te .
c
h
s
tr
e
t.
Figure 9B - Star Straightener c
o
m
.
 59

C
o
p
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
Annex A. SI and I-P Conversions te
ri
a
l
li
[This annex is not part of this standard, but is included for information purposes only] c
e
n
s
e
d
A.1 I-P Equivalents of SI units to
A
li
s
Area ta
ir
1 m2 = 10.76 ft2 B
o r
o
k
s
Length o
n
1 m (meter) = 3.2808 ft 1
5
-M
a
Mass r-
2
1 kg = 2.2046 lbm 0
1
1
o f
r
Temperature li
c
1K = 1.8 °R e
n
s
tc = (tF - 32)/1.8 e
e
s '
u
s
Force e
o
1N = 0.22481 lbf n
y l
.
N
Flow Rate o
u f
3 trh
1 m3/s = 2118.9 cfm e
r
1 m /h = 0.58858 cfm r
e
p
o r
Velocity d
u
c
1 m/s = 196.85 fpm ti
o
n
o
r
Pressure e
n
tw
1 Pa (Pascal) at 20°C = 0.0040264 in. wg at 68°F o
rk
1 Pa (Pascal) at 0°C = 0.00029530 in. Hg at 32°F in
1 Pa (Pascal) at 3.9°C = 0.004015 in. wg at 39°F g
s i
p
e
rm
Power
tti
1 W (watt) = 0.0013410 hp e
d
.
D
Energy s i
tri
b
1 J (joule) = 0.73756 ft-lbf u
te
d
b
Torque y
T
1 N-m = 8.8507 lbf-in. o
h
m
s
o
Density n
S
1 kg/m3 = 0.062428 lbm/ft3 c
e i
n
1.200 kg/m3 at 20°C = 0.075 lbf/ft3 at 68°F ti
fi
c
,
In
Viscosity, Dynamic c
,.
1 Pa-s = 0.67197 lbm/ft-s w
w
w
te .
Gas Constant c
h
s
1 J/(kg-K) = 0.18586 ft-lbf/(l
ft-lbf/(lbm-°R)
bm-°R) tr
e
t.
c
Gravitational Acceleration
Gravitational o
m
9.80665 m/s2 = 32.174 ft/s2 .
60

C
o
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
A.2 SI Equivalents of I-P units te
ri
a
l
li
Area c
e
n
1 ft2 = 0.0929 m2 s
e
d
to
Length A
li
s
1 ft = 0.30480 m ta
ir
B
o r
Mass
o k
s
1 lbm = 0.45359 kg o
n
1
5
Temperature -M
a
1°R = K/1.8 r-
2
tF = 1.8 tc + 32 0
1
1
o f
r
Force li
c
1 lbf = 4.4482 N e
n
s
e
e
s '
Flow Rate u
s
1 cfm = 0.00047195 m3/s e
o
n
1 cfm = 1.6990 m3/h y l
.
N
o
Velocity u f
trh
1 fpm = 0.005080 m/s e
r
e r
Pressure p
o r
1 in. wg at 68°F = 248.36 Pa at 20°C d
u
c
1 in. wg at 39°F = 249.1 Pa at 3.9°C ti
o
n
1 in. Hg at 32°F = 3386.4 Pa at 0°C o
r
n
e
tw
Power o
rk
1 hp (horsepower) = 0.74570 kW in
g
s i
Energy p
e
rm
1 ft-lbf = 1.3558 J
tti
e
d
Torque .
D
1 lbf-in. = 0.11298 N-m s i
tri
b
u
te
Density d
b
1 lbm/ft3 = 16.018 kg/m3 y
T
0.075 lbm/ft3 at 68°F = 1.2 kg/m3 at 20°C o
h
m
s
o
Viscosity, Dynamic n
S
1 lbm/ft-s = 1.4882 Pa-s c
e i
n
ti
fi
c
Gas Constant ,
In
1 ft-lbf/(lbm
ft-lbf/(lbm-°R)
-°R) = 5.3803 J/(kg-K) c
,.
w
w
Gravitational Acceleration
Gravitational w
te .
32.174 ft/s2 = 9.80665 m/s2 c
h
s
tr
e
t.
c
o
m
.
 61

C
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ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
Annex B. Presentation of Air Performance Results for Rating Purposes te
ri
a
l
li
[This annex is not a part of this standard but is included for informational purposes only.]
only.] c
e
n
s
e
d
See Publication 511, Certified Ratings Program for Air Control Dampers, for complete information on rating. to
A
li
s
B.1 Rating air performance - pressure drop ta
ir
B
o r
For the purpose of publishing ratings, extrapolation from test data is permissible.
permissible. The portion of the curve obtained
o k
s
by extrapolation shall be charted with a broken line and must be a smooth continuation of the adjacent portion of o
n
the curve. The static pressure drop shall not be extrapolated more than 50 percent of the range of the test either 1
5
upwards or downwards. -M
a
r-
2
B.1.1 Damper. The results of an air performance test shall
shall be presented as a statement of the pressure drop Pa 0
1
1
(in. wg) across the damper versus the free area velocity [m/s (fpm)] at standard air density. f
o
r
li
c
B.2 Rating air leakage e
n
s
e
e
s '
B.2.1 In-duct or in-wall mounting.
mounting. The results of an air leakage test shall be presented
presented as a statement of thethe u
s
pressure differential across the damper [Pa (in. wg)] versus airflow rate per square meter (foot) of louver or damper e
o
area at standard air density.
density. The area is determined by the installation
installation method as shown in the sketches below.
below. n
y l
.
Results shall include a statement of the specific seating torque holding the damper closed, and direction of airflow. N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
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n
e
tw
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.
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.
62

C
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g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
Annex C. Bibliography te
ri
a
l
li
[This annex is not part of this standard, but is included for information purposes only.] c
e
n
s
e
d
[1] PAGE, C.H. and VIGOUREUX, P., The Internati
International
onal System of Units (SI), NBS Special Publicatio
Publicationn 330, to
1972, National Bureau of Standards (now National Institute for St
Standards
andards and Technology),
Technology), Gaithersburg, A
li
s
MD, U.S.A. AMCA #1140 ta
ir
B
o r
[2] Ibid, p. 19. AMCA #1140
o
k
s
o
[3] ASME Steam Tables, 1967, p. 283, American Society of Mechanic
Mechanical
al Engineer
Engineers,
s, New York, NY U.S.A. n
1
AMCA#2312 5
-M
a
r-
2
[4] ASHRAE Guideline 2-1986 (RA 96) Engineering Analysis of Experimental Data, American Society of 0
1
Heatin
Heating,
g, Refr
Refrige
igerat
rating
ing and Ai
Air-C
r-Cond
onditi
itioni
oning
ng Engi
Enginee
neers,
rs, Inc
Inc.,
., Atl
Atlant
anta,
a, GA
GA 303
30329
29 U.S
U.S.A.
.A. AMCA
AMCA #1
#1142
142 1
o f
r
li
c
[5] FOLSOM, R.G
R.G.,
., Review of the Pitot Tube, IP-142, 1955, University of Michigan
Michigan,, Ann Arbor, MI U.S.A. e
n
s
AMCA #1
#1144
144 e
e
s '
u
[6] ISO/TC 117/SC 1/WG 2 (U.K.-4), 1969, Supplemen
Supplementary
tary Notes on Pressure Tappings
appings,, Internati
International
onal s
e
o
Organization
Organizat ion for Standardization
Standardization,, Geneva, SWITZERLAND AMCA #1145 n
y l
.
N
[7] BOHANON, H.R., Air Flow Measure
Measurement
ment Velocities, Memorand
Memorandum
um Report to AMCA 210/ASHRAE 51P o
u f
Committee, April 18, 1973 (available from Air Movement and Control Association International, Inc., trh
Arlington Heights,
Heights, IL 60004-1893 U.S.A.) AMCA #1#1146
146 e
r
e r
p
o r
[8] WINTERNITZ, F.A.L. and FISCHL, C.F C.F.,
., A Simplified Integrati
Integration
on Techniqu
echniquee for Pipe-Flow Measureme
Measurement,
nt, d
u
Water Power, vol. 9, no. 6, June, 1957, pp. 225-234
225-234.. AMCA #1147 c
ti
o
n
o
[9] BROWN, N., A Mathematic
Mathematical al Evaluatio
Evaluationn of Pitot Tube Traverse Methods
Methods,, ASHRAE Transaction
Transactions,s, Vol. 81, r
n
e
Part 1, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., Atlanta, GA 30329- tw
o
2305 U.S.A. AMCA#1003 rk
in
g
s i
[10] BOHANON, H.R., Fan Test Chamber-No
Chamber-Nozzlezzle Coefficients, ASHRAE Transactions
Transactions,, Vol. 81, Part 1, p
e
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating
Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., Atlanta, GA 30329-2305 rm
U.S.A. AMCA#1038 tti
e
d
.
D
[11] BOHANON, H.R., Laborat
Laboratory
ory Fan Test: Error Analysis
Analysis,, ASHRAETransactio
ASHRAETransactions,
ns, Vol. 81 Part 1, American s i
tri
Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., Atlanta, GA 30329-2305 U.S.A. b
u
AMCA#1038 te
d
b
y
[12] ASME PTC 19.2-1987 Instruments
Instruments and Apparatus, Pressure Measurement, American Society of T
h
Mechanical
Mechanic al Engineers
Engineers,, New York, NY U.S.A. AMCA#2093 o
m
s
o
n
[13] ISO/TC 117 SCI/WG 1 (Denmark-4) 46E, 1971 Report on Measurements
Measurements Made on the Downstream Side S
c
e i
of a Fan with Duct Connection. International Organization
Organization for Standardization,
Standardization, Geneva, SWITZERLAND n
ti
AMCA #1
#1152
152 c
fi
,
In
c
[14] WHITAKER, J., BEAN, P.G .G.,
., and HAY, E., Measurem
Measurement
ent of Losses Across Multi-cell Flow Straighteners, ,.
w
NEL Report No. 461, July, 1970, National Engineering Laboratory, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K. w
w
AMCA #1#1153
153 te .
c
h
s
tr
[15] BHATT, P., BEHLS, H., and McCABE, F., Validation of the Leakage Test Method for Smoke Dampers,
BHATT,
e
t.
March 1998 (available from the Air Movement and Control Association International, Inc. Arlington
Arlington Heights, c
o
IL 60004-1
60004-1873,
873, USA). AMCA#2937 m
.
 63

C
o
p
y
ri
g
ANSI/AMCA
ANSI/AMCA 500-D-07
500-D-07 h
te
d
m
a
[16] HELANDER, L., Psychrom
Psychrometric
etric Equation
Equations s for the Partial Vapor Pressure and the Density of Moist Air, te
ri
Report to AMCA 210/ASHRAE 51P Committee, November 1, 1974, (available from Air Movement and a
l
li
Con
onttro
roll As
Asso
soci
ciat
atiion Int
Inter
erna
nattio
ion
nal
al,, Inc
Inc.., Arl
Arlin
ingt
gton
on He
Heiigh
ghtts, IL 600
60004
04--18
1893
93 U.
U.S.A
.A.)
.) AMCA #1#115
1566 c
e
n
s
e
d
[17] HELANDER, L., Viscosity of Air, Memorand
Memorandum
um Report to AMCA 210/ASHRAE 51P Committee, January 11, to
1973 (available from Air Movement and Control Association International, Inc., Arlington Heights, IL 60004- A
li
s
1893 U.S.A.) AMCA #1158 ta
ir
B
o r
[18] ISO/R 541-1967E Measurement of Fluid Flow by Means of Orifice Plates and Nozzles, (withdrawn, see
o k
s
ISO 5167-1)
5167-1),, Internat
International
ional Organizat
Organization
ion for Standardization
Standardization,, Geneva, SWITZERLAND. AMCA #1162 o
n
1
5
-M
a
r-
2
0
1
1
o f
r
li
c
e
n
s
e
e
s '
u
s
e
o
n
y l
.
N
o
u f
trh
e
r
e r
p
o r
d
u
c
ti
o
n
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
s i
p
e
rm
tti
e
d
.
D
i
tri
s
b
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b
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T
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o
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s
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c
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fi
c
,
In
c
,.
w
w
w
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c
h
s
tr
e
t.
c
o
m
.
64

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to
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AIR MOVEMENT AND CONTROL e
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ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL, INC. c

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30 West University Drive In

Arlington Heights,
Heights, IL 60004-1893 U.S.A.
U.S.A. c
,.
w
Tel
el:: (847)
(847) 394-
394-01
0150
50 Fax: (847
Fax: (847)) 253-0
253-008
088
8 w
E-Mail : info@amca.
[email protected]
org Web: www.amca.org w
te .
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s
The Air Movement and control Association International, Inc. is a not-for-profit international association of the tr
e
t.
world’s manufacturers of related air system equipment primarily, but limited to: fans, louvers, dampers, air c
curtains, airflow measurement stations, acoustic attenuators, and other air system components for the industrial, o
m
commercial and residential markets. .