DAS TUTORIAL

359, 2nd floor, Sahidnagar

ECOSYSTEM
NEET-UG - Biology
Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 300

1. Identify the incorrect statement. [4]

a. Net primary productivity is the available biomass for the consumption to autotrophs.
b. Primary productivity depends on the inhabitating plant species, environmental factors, nutrient availability
and photosynthetic capacity of plants.
c. Gross primary productivity minus respiration loss is the Net Primary Productivity (NPP).
d. The annual net primary productivity of the whole biosphere is approx. 170 billiontonnes of organic matter.

a) Statement (b) is incorrect. b) Statement (a) is incorrect.

c) Statement (d) is incorrect. d) Statement (c) is incorrect.

2. The organisms, which attack dead animals are [4]

a) present at the end of food chain and are b) third link of the food chain and are tertiary
detritivores. consumers.

c) first link of the food chain and are known as d) second link the food chain and are
primary producers. herbivorous.
3. Pick up the correct statements regarding food chain. [4]
i. Removal of 80 tigers resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
ii. Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in increased population of deer.
iii. Length of food chain is generally limited to 3 - 4 trophic levels due to energy loss.
iv. Length of food chain may vary from 2 - 8 trophic levels.

a) (i) and (iv) b) (iii) and (iv)

c) (i) and (ii) d) (ii) and (iii)

4. Presence of plants arranged into well defined vertical layers depending on their height can be seen best in: [4]

a) Temperate forest b) Grassland

c) Tropical rain forest d) Tropical savannah

5. A sequence of species or organism through which the food energy pass in a community is called [4]

a) nutrient cycle b) pyramid of energy

c) food web d) food chain

6. Vultures in an ecosystem are: [4]

a) Consumers b) Top carnivores

c) Scavengers d) Predators
7. The zone at the edge of a lake or ocean which is alternatively exposed to air and immersed in water is called? [4]

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 a) Pelagic zone b) Benthic zone

c) Lentic zone d) Littoral zone

8. Which one of the following animals may occupy more than one trophic levels in the same ecosystem at the same [4]
time?

a) Goat b) Lion

c) Sparrow d) Frog
9. The ultimate energy source of all ecosystems is [4]

a) organic molecules b) producers

c) carbohydrate d) solar radiation

10. The components of ecosystem are seen to function as a unit when you consider the following aspects: [4]

a) Productivity b) Decomposition

c) All of these d) Energy flow

11. Which of the following ecological pyramids is generally inverted? [4]

a) Pyramid of numbers in grassland b) Pyramid of energy

c) Pyramid of biomass in a forest d) Pyramid of biomass in a sea

12. The total energy fixed by a gram plant (Cicer arietinum) in an ecosystem on the whole is called: [4]

a) None of these b) Secondary production

c) Gross production d) Primary production

13. An inverted pyramid of ___(A)___ may occasionally be observed in ___(B)____ communities. [4]

a) (A)-biomass; (B)-marine b) (A)-energy; (B)-forest

c) (A)-energy; (B)-grassland d) (A)-biomass; (B)-grassland

14. The highest net annual productivity occurs in: [4]

a) Temperate evergreen forests b) Tropical deciduous forests

c) Tropical rain forests d) Temperate deciduous forests

15. Spindale pyramid is a character of: [4]

a) Forest b) Energy

c) Sea d) All of these

16. Which of the following statements is incorrect? [4]
a. Biomass decreases from first to fourth trophic level.
b. Energy content gradually increases from first to fourth trophic level.
c. Number of individuals decreases from first trophic level to fourth trophic level.
d. Energy content gradually decreases from first to fourth trophic level.

a) Statement d is incorrect. b) Statement c is incorrect.

c) Statement b is incorrect. d) Statement a is incorrect.

17. Given below is a simplified model of phosphorus cycling in a terrestrial ecosystem with four blanks (A-D). [4]

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 Identify the blanks.

a) A-Producers, B-Litter fall, C-Rock minerals, b) A-Litter fall, B-Producers, C-Rock

D-Detritus minerals, D-Detritus

c) A-Rock minerals, B-Detritus, C-Litter fall, d) A-Detritus, B-Rock minerals, C-Producer,

D-Producers D-Litter fall
18. If the carbon atoms fixed by producers already have passed through three species, the trophic level of the last [4]
species would be:

a) Secondary consumer b) Tertiary producer

c) Tertiary consumer d) Scavenger

19. In a forest ecosystem green plants are: [4]

a) Decomposers b) Primary producers

c) Primary consumers d) Consumers

20. Photo period affects reproduction in : [4]

a) Only human beings b) All organisms

c) All of these d) Only seasonal breeders

21. On the global basis the maximum productivity is shown by: [4]

a) Deserts b) Aquatic ecosystem

c) Forests d) Grasslands
22. Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any time is called: [4]

a) Standing state b) Detritus

c) Standing crop d) Humus

23. When peacock, eats snake which eats insects depends on green plants, the peacock is? [4]

a) A primary decomposer b) The apex of the food pyramid

c) A primary consumer d) A final decomposer of plants

24. Secondary producers are: [4]

a) Carnivores b) None of these

c) Herbivores d) Producers
25. Pyramid of number is inverted in case of: [4]

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 a) Grassland ecosystem b) Forest ecosystem

c) Pond ecosystem d) Desert ecosystem

26. About 70% of total global carbon is found in [4]

a) oceans b) grasslands

c) agroecosystems d) forests
27. The region consisting of long and severe winters and growing season consisting of few months of summers [4]
constitutes:

a) Savannah ecosystem b) None of these

c) Tundra ecosystem d) Tiaga ecosystem

28. Match the following and select the correct option: [4]

(A) Earthworm (i) Pioneer species

(B) Succession (ii) Detritivores

(C) Ecosystem service (iii) Natality

(D) Population growth (iv) Pollination

a) (A) - (iii), (B) - (ii), (C) - (iv), (D) - (i) b) (A) - (iv), (B) - (i), (C) - (iii), (D) - (ii)

c) (A) - (i), (B) - (ii), (C) - (iii), (D) - (iv) d) (A) - (ii), (B) - (i), (C) - (iv), (D) - (iii)
29. A system of rotating crops with legume or grass pasture to improve soil structure and fertility is called: [4]

a) Contour farming b) Shifting agriculture

c) Ley farming d) Strip farming

30. The rate of biomass production per limit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis is called [4]

a) gross primary productivity b) secondary productivity

c) net primary productivity d) decomposition

31. The organisms which physically and chemically breaks the complex dead organic remains are known as: [4]

a) Both scavengers and decomposers b) scavengers

c) decomposers d) parasites
32. How much fraction of total solar energy reaching earth is converted into biomass? [4]

a) 2 % b) 0.2 %

c) 0.02 % d) 20 %
33. The maximum energy is stored at following tropical level in any ecosystem: [4]

a) Herbivores b) Producers

c) Top carnivores d) Carnivores

34. What type of ecological pyramid would obtained with the following data? [4]
Secondary consumer: 120 g;
Primary consumer: 60g;
Primary producer: 10 g

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 a) Inverted pyramid of biomass b) Inverted pyramid of energy

c) Upright pyramid of numers d) Upright pyramid of biomass

35. Ecosystem may be defined as: [4]

a) Different communities of plants, animals b) A localized association of several plants and

and their physico-chemical environment. animals.

c) None of these d) Different communities of plants microbes

plus their physico-chemical environment.
36. Which of the following processes does not contribute to the CO2 pool in the atmosphere? [4]

a) Respiration by producers b) Respiration by consumers

c) Photosynthesis by producers d) Decomposition by decomposers

37. Consider the following statements concerning food chains. [4]
i. Removal of 80% tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
ii. Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deer.
iii. The length of food chains is generally limited to 3-4 trophic levels due to energy loss.
iv. The length of food chains may vary from 2 to 8 trophic levels.

a) (ii), (iii) b) (i), (iv)

c) (i), (ii) d) (iii), (iv)

38. Which one of the following is not a functional unit of an ecosystem? [4]

a) Productivity b) Decomposition

c) Stratification d) Energy flow

39. The amount of energy reaching an upper trophic level is determined by: [4]

a) Gross primary production and the b) Net primary production

efficiencies with which food energy is
converted to biomass

c) Gross primary production d) Net primary production and the efficiencies

with which food energy is converted to
biomass
40. With regard to ecological food chain, man is a: [4]

a) Decomposer b) Consumer

c) Producer d) Both consumer and producer

41. Which of the following one is correct for a food chain? [4]
A. Grass-Grasshopper-Frog-Snake-Hawk
B. Grasshopper-Grass-Snake-Frog-Hawk
C. Hawk-Grasshopper-Grass-Frog-Snake
D. Frog-Snake-Hawk-Grasshopper-Grass

a) C b) A

c) D d) B

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42. Largest ecosystem of the world are: [4]

a) Great lakes b) Oceans

c) Forests d) Grasslands
43. The given pyramid represents : [4]

a) Pyramid of numbers in an aquatic b) Pyramid of biomass in a tree ecosystem.

ecosystem

c) Pyramid of numbers in a grassland d) Pyramid of biomass in an aquatic

ecosystem. ecosystem.
44. Tip of ecological pyramid is occupied by: [4]

a) Carnivores b) Herbivores

c) Decomposers d) Producers
45. Out of the total cost of various ecosystem services the soil formation accounts for about: [4]

a) 50 % b) 10 %

c) 5 % d) 20 %
46. The lentic ecosystem includes which of following water? [4]

a) Running b) Rain

c) Gravitational d) Standing
47. The pyramid of number is based on: [4]

a) None of these b) Individuals in trophic level

c) Unit per area d) Food per individual

48. In an ecosystem the function of the producers is to: [4]

a) Utilize chemical energy b) Trap solar energy and convert it into

chemical energy

c) Convert organic compounds into inorganic d) Release energy

compounds
49. What is the percentage of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), in the incident solar radiation? [4]

a) 2-10% b) 1-5%

c) 50% d) 100 %
50. GFC started with: [4]

a) Man b) Goat

c) None of these d) Grass

51. DFC started with: [4]

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 a) Decomposers b) Dead organic matter

c) Grass d) More than one

52. The slow rate of decomposition fallen logs is due to: [4]

a) Low cellulose content b) Anaerobic environment

c) Low moisture content d) Poor nitrogen content

53. Total amount of living substances present in different levels of a chain is showed as: [4]

a) Standing crop b) Standing state

c) All of these d) Standing state or crop

54. Which of the following is an artificial ecosystem? [4]

a) Rice-field b) Forest

c) Lake d) Grassland
55. Which one of the following types of organisms occupy more than one trophic level in a pond ecosystem? [4]

a) Zooplankton b) Frog

c) Fish d) Phytoplankton
56. Of the total incident solar radiation the proportion of PAR is: [4]

a) About 70% b) Less than 50%

c) More than 80% d) About 60%

57. Pyramid of biomass in sea is: [4]

a) Inverted b) Inverted or upright

c) Spindale pyramids d) Upright

58. The primary producers of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystem are: [4]

a) Chemosynthetic bacteria b) Coral reefs

c) Green algae d) Blue-green algae

59. A plant, being eaten by a herbivores which in turn is eaten by a carnivores makes: [4]

a) Interdependence b) Omnivores

c) Web of Food d) Food chain

60. A pond is a: [4]

a) Biome b) Community of plants and animals

c) Natural ecosystem d) Artificial ecosystem

61. Match the Column: [4]

Column I Column II

(A) Standing state (1) Exist in the atmosphere

(B) Gaseous cycles (2) Amount of nutrients

(C) Standing crop (3) Located in earth’s crust

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 (D) Sedimentary cycles (4) Living matter at different trophic level

a) (A) - (2), (B) - (1), (C) - (3), (D) - (4) b) (A) - (1), (B) - (2), (C) - (4), (D) - (3)

c) (A) - (2), (B) - (4), (C) - (1), (D) - (3) d) (A) - (2), (B) - (1), (C) - (4), (D) - (3)
62. Trophic levels are formed by: [4]

a) Only carnivores b) Only plants

c) Only animals d) Organisms linked in food chain

63. Decomposers are also called as [4]

a) both reducers and micro-consumers b) micro-consumers

c) transducers d) reducers
64. Green plants in a forest ecosystem are: [4]

a) Suppliers of timber b) Consumers of nutritive materials

c) Suppliers of food and O2 d) Consumers of animal proteins

65. The flora and fauna in lakes or ponds are: [4]

a) Lotic biota b) Abiotic biota

c) Lentic biota d) Field layer

66. Assertion (A): Producers belong to the first trophic level, herbivores to the second and secondary consumer to [4]
the third and top carnivores fourth.
Reason (R): Based on the source of their nutrition or food, organisms occupy a specific place in the food chain.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

67. Assertion (A): The detritus food chain (DFC) begins with dead organic matter. [4]
Reason (R): DFC consists of decomposers which are heterotrophic organisms, mainly fungi, and bacteria.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

68. Assertion (A): A network of food chains existing together in an ecosystem is known as a food web. [4]
Reason (R): An animal like a kite cannot be a part of a food web.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

69. Assertion (A): The pyramid of energy can be inverted. [4]
Reason (R): When energy flows from a particular trophic level to the next trophic level no energy is lost as heat
at each step.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

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 c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
70. Assertion (A): The food chain starts from the plants. [4]
Reason (R): A food chain is the result of the interdependency of organisms.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

71. Assertion (A): Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels in the ecosystem is called [4]
stratification.
Reason (R): Trees occupy top vertical strata or layer of a forest, herbs, grasses the second and shrubs occupy the
bottom layers.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

72. Assertion (A): An ecosystem is an interaction between biotic and abiotic components. [4]
Reason (R): A.G. Tansley coined the term ecosystem.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

73. Assertion (A): The Global ecosystem is divided into two basic categories: terrestrial and aquatic. [4]
Reason (R): Both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are different from each other in their basic aspects.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

74. Assertion (A): Detritus is very important for decomposition. [4]
Reason (R): Detritus is a raw material for decomposition.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

75. Assertion (A): The number of trophic levels in a grazing food chain is restricted to 4 or 5. [4]
Reason (R): Only 10 percent of the energy is transferred to each trophic level from the lower trophic level.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

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