Micro Project report on

Study of Management Principles Applied

to a Large Scale Industry

Academic Year: 2023 – 24 Institute Code: 0563

Program: Information Technology Semester: VI
Course: Management Course Code: 22509

Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai

(Autonomous)(ISO-9001-2008)(ISO/IEC 27001:20013)
 Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that,

ROLL. NO NAME OF THE STUDENTS SEAT NO ENROLLMENT NO

49 BANDEKAR ARYAN SHAILESH 2105630247

50 PATIL VIRAJ KUNJAN 2105630248
51 SHAIKH AMAAN JAHANGIR 2105630249
Of Sixth Semester of Diploma in Information Technology of Institute Pravin Patil College
of Diploma Engineering and Technology, Bhayander (E) Code: (0563) has completed the
Micro Project satisfactorily in subject Management (22509) for the academic year 2023–
2024 as prescribed in the curriculum.
Place: Bhayander (E)
Date: / / 2024

MS.ARCHANA WARUDE MR.NILESH VISPUTE MRS.R.B. PATIL

Subject Teacher Head of Department Principal
 PART A – Plan

Micro Project Proposal

Study of Management Principles Applied

to a Large Scale Industry
1.0 Brief Introduction

A business can range from a single proprietor enterprise to a large corporation that
employs thousands of workers across multiple countries. Based on the scale of business,
organizations are classified as micro-enterprises, small-scale enterprises, large-scale
industries, public enterprises, and multinational corporations.

Industries that require huge infrastructure and manpower with an influx of capital assets
are Large Scale Industries. In India, large-scale industries are the ones with a fixed asset
of more than one hundred million rupees or Rs. 10 crores.

The Indian economy relies heavily on such industries for economic growth, the generation
of foreign currency, and the creation of job opportunities for millions of Indians.

LARGE-SCALE INDUSTRY, 1850–1950 The term “large-scale industry” refers to

factories that combine at least three characteristics: use of machinery, employment of
wage labor, and the application of regulatory measures such as the Factory Act or
Disputes Act. These features were of recent origin in nineteenth-century India and, to a
large extent, products of British colonial rule. In employment statistics, the units
registered as “factories” under the Factory Act can be considered a large-scale industry. In
reality, the registered factories included a fair number of units that did not employ
machinery, but with few exceptions, registered factories did possess the other two
features.

2.0 Aim of the Micro-Project

a. Gather all the information required.

b. Brief info about Principles Applied to a Medium Scale Industry.
c. Complete it with the help of team members.
d. Report should be in an appropriate way.
3.0 Action Plan

Name of
Sr. Planned Planned
Details of Activity Responsible
No Start Finish Date
Team
Date
Members
Discussion and finalization of
1 02/01/2024 09/01/2024 ALL
topic

Collection of Data & Literature

2 9/01/2024 23/01/2024 ALL
Review

Discussion on outline of
23/01/2024 06/02/2024 ALL
3 Content & Formulation of
the Content

Editing and proofReading of

4 06/02/2024 13/02/2024 ALL
Content

5 Compilation of Report
13/02/2024 20/02/2024 ALL

6 Preparing Presentation ALL

20/02/2024 09/03/2024

7 Viva ALL
09/03/2024 16/03/2024

Final submission of Micro

8 16/03/2024 23/03/2024 ALL
Project

4.0 Resources Required

Name of
Sr. No Specifications Qty Remarks
Resource/Material

Open Learning Sources Videos/ websites/ books,

1 1 For information
engineering books

2 Charts survey Related information 1 For report purpose

3 MS Word MS Office 2010 1 For report purpose

 PART B – Plan
Micro project report
Study of Management Principles Applied
to a Large Scale Industry
1.0 Brief Introduction

Industries at different Scales constitute the various parts of an Economy. Large Scale
businesses and Industries employ a significant number of people and offer politicians
generous support. On the other hand, small enterprises affect the Economy at ground level
where individual businessmen succeed. Small-Scale Industries are so small that they are
not famous. However, it also contributes to the nation’s prosperity. Based on the Scale,
Industries are Classified not just into Large-Scale and small-Scale Industries, but there are
other Industries and public enterprises, multinational organizations as well. This article
gathers all information about Large-Scale Industries.

As the name suggests, everything needed in large scale industries is in bulk or large
amounts. All the different resources like workforce, the influx of capital, raw materials,
the infrastructure required for the setup and execution of large-scale industry is enormous.
It includes various types of industries in its purview. Large scale industry comprises
multiple heavy and light industries. The heavy industry like steel, textile, and automobile
manufacturing industry falls under the category of large-scale industry. It is also observed
that IT has boomed in recent years. A large amount of revenue is generated from the IT
industry; thus, the IT industry also comes under the large-scale industrial niche.

All these industries have produced a bulk amount of job opportunities for millions of
citizens across the globe. Due to the export of the products manufactured in large-scale
industries to different countries, any country's economic growth is highly dependent on its
large-scale industries. The large-scale industry also contributes to the generation of
foreign currency.

2.0 Aim of the micro-project

a. Gather all the information required.

b. Brief info about Principles Applied to a Medium Scale Industry.
c. Complete it with the help of team members.
d. Report should be in an appropriate way.
 3.0 Course outcomes integrated
a. Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.
b. Use principles of planning and organizing for accomplishment of tasks.

4.0 Actual Procedure Followed

❖ Large Scale Industries

There are different forms of business organizations ranging from a sole proprietorship
to large scale businesses that employ over a thousand employees. Based on the scale
of the business, various classifications can be done, such as small scale industries,
large scale industries, public enterprises and multinational corporations.

Large scale industries are referred to as those industries that are having huge
infrastructure, raw material, high manpower requirements and large capital
requirements. Those organizations having a fixed asset of more than 10 crore rupees
are considered to be large scale industries.

The growth of the economy is very much dependent on these industries. Such
industries work towards bringing in foreign reserves, generating employment
opportunities and paving the way for economic growth
 ❖ Principles of Management – The Importance of the Principles

Having a clear management structure in place is vital for any successful organization.
Efficient and well intentioned management sets the tone for the rest of the staff. It is
common for the attitude approach of managers to filter through the entire organization, so
having managers working in an exemplary way is an excellent example for employees to
follow.

❖ 14 Principles of management by Henry Fayol:

Henry Fayol, also known as the ‘father of modern management theory’ gave a new
perception of the concept of management. He introduced a general theory that can be
applied to all levels of management and every department. The Fayol theory is practiced
by the managers to organize and regulate the internal activities of an organization. He
concentrated on accomplishing managerial efficiency.

The fourteen principles of management created by Henri Fayol are explained below.

1. Division of Work-

Henri believed that segregating work in the workforce amongst the worker will enhance
the quality of the product. Similarly, he also concluded that the division of work improves
the productivity, efficiency, accuracy and speed of the workers. This principle is
appropriate for both the managerial as well as a technical work level.
2. Authority and Responsibility-

These are the two key aspects of management. Authority facilitates the management to
work efficiently, and responsibility makes them responsible for the work done under their
guidance or leadership.

3. Discipline-

Without discipline, nothing can be accomplished. It is the core value for any project or any
management. Good performance and sensible interrelation make the management job easy
and comprehensive. Employees' good behavior also helps them smoothly build and
progress in their professional careers.

4. Unity of Command-

This means an employee should have only one boss and follow his command. If an
employee has to follow more than one boss, there begins a conflict of interest and can
create confusion.

5. Unity of Direction-

Whoever is engaged in the same activity should have a unified goal. This means all the
people working in a company should have one goal and motive which will make the work
easier and achieve the set goal easily.

6. Subordination of Individual Interest-

This indicates a company should work unitedly towards the interest of a company rather
than personal interest. Be subordinate to the purposes of an organization. This refers to the
whole chain of command in a company.

7. Remuneration-

This plays an important role in motivating the workers of a company. Remuneration can
be monetary or non-monetary. However, it should be according to an individual’s efforts
they have made.

8. Centralization-

In any company, the management or any authority responsible for the decision- making
process should be neutral. However, this depends on the size of an organization. Henri
Fayol stressed on the point that there should be a balance between the hierarchy and
division of power.
9. Scalar Chain-

Fayol on this principle highlights that the hierarchy steps should be from the top to the
lowest. This is necessary so that every employee knows their immediate senior also they
should be able to contact any, if needed.

10. Order-

A company should maintain a well-defined work order to have a favorable work culture.
The positive atmosphere in the workplace will boost more positive productivity.

11. Equity-

All employees should be treated equally and respectfully. It’s the responsibility of a
manager that no employees face discrimination.

a manager that no employees face discrimination.

12. Stability-

An employee delivers the best if they feel secure in their job. It is the duty of the
management to offer job security to their employees.

13. Initiative-

The management should support and encourage the employees to take initiatives in an
organization. It will help them to increase their interest and make than worth.

14. Esprit de Corps-

It is the responsibility of the management to motivate their employees and be supportive of

each other regularly. Developing trust and mutual understanding will lead to a positive
outcome and work environment.

These 14 principles of management are used to manage an organization and are beneficial
for prediction, planning, decision-making, organization and process management, control
and coordination.
 Primary Principles of Production Management In large Scale industries:

● Shorter set-up times.

By their nature, all set-up processes result in waste; they tie up labor and equipment
without adding value. Training, improved efficiency, and giving workers accountability
for their own set-ups allows them to slash the set-up times.

● Empowering employees.
Dividing a workforce into small teams and giving them accountability for housekeeping
and various other tasks has been shown to improve efficiency. Teams are assigned
leaders, and the workers within those teams are trained on maintenance issues –
allowing them to deal with delays in the production process immediately.

● Equipment Maintenance.
Workers on the line are best placed to deal with mechanical breakdowns and subsequent
repairs. They can react to issues quickly and often without supervision, which allows
the production process to restart far more quickly after a shutdown.

● Management skill
Possessing management skill is generally considered a requirement for success. An
effective manager is the manager who is able to master four basic types of skills:
technical, conceptual, interpersonal, and decision making.

● Technical skills
These skills are mostly related to working with processes or physical objects.
Engineering, accounting, and computer programming are examples of technical skills.
Technical skills are particularly important for first-line managers and are much less
important at the top management level.

● Decision making
The ability to identify a problem or an opportunity, creatively develop alternative
solutions, select an alternative, delegate authority to implement a solution, and evaluate
the solution.
 How principles are applied in the large scale industry:

1. Providing managers with useful insights into reality:

The principles of management provide the managers with useful insights into real world
situations. Adherence to these principles will add to their knowledge, ability and
understanding of managerial situations and circumstances. It will also enable managers to
learn from past mistakes and conserve time by solving recurring problems quickly.
Managerial discretion is bounded by the principle of contribution to organizational
objectives.
2. Scientific decisions:
Decisions must be based on facts, thoughtful and justifiable in terms of the intended
purposes. They must be timely, realistic and subject to measurement and evaluation.
Management principles Help in thoughtful decision-making. They emphasize logic rather
than blind faith. Management decisions taken on the basis of principles are free from bias
and prejudice. They are based on the objective assessment of the situation.
3. Meeting changing environment requirements:
Although the principles are in the nature of general guidelines, they are modified and as
such help managers to meet changing requirements of the environment. You have already
studied that management principles are flexible to adapt to a dynamic business
environment. For example, Management principles emphasize division of work and
specialization. In modern times this principle has been extended to the entire business
whereby companies are specializing in their core competency and divesting non-core
businesses. In this context, one may cite

the decision of Hindustan Lever Limited in divesting non-core businesses of chemicals

and seeds. Some companies are outsourcing their non-core activities like share-transfer
management and advertising to outside agencies. So much so, that even core processes
such as R&D, manufacturing and marketing are being outsourced today.

4. Fulfilling social responsibility:

The increased awareness of the public, forces businesses especially limited companies to
fulfill their social responsibilities. Management theory and management principles have
also evolved in response to these demands. Moreover, the interpretation of the principles
also assumes newer and contemporary meanings with the change in time. So, if any were
to talk of ‘equity’ today, it does not apply to wages alone. Value to the customer, care for
the environment, dealings with business associates would all come under the purview of
this principle. As an application of this principle, we find that Public Sector Undertakings
have developed entire townships as, for example, BHEL has developed Ranipur in
Haridwar (Uttaranchal). One may also cite the story of Shri Mahila Griha Udyog Lijjat
Papad as can be seen in the accompanying box.
5. Management training, education and research:

Principles of management are at the core of management theory. As such these are used
as a basis for management training, education and research. You must be aware that
entrance to management institutes is preceded by management aptitude tests. Do you
think that these tests could have been developed without an understanding of
management principles and how they may be applied in different situations? These
principles provide basic groundwork for the development of management as a discipline.
Professional courses such as MBA

(Master of Business Administration), BBA (Bachelor of Business Administration) also

teach these principles as part of their curriculum at the beginner's level.

These principles enable refinement of management practices as weil by facilitating the

development of new management techniques. Thus, we see that techniques like
Operations Research (OR), cost accounting, ‘Just in Time’, ‘Kanban’ and ‘Kaizen’ have
developed due to further research on these principles. In conclusion it can be said that
understanding the meaning, nature and significance of principles of management will
help us to appreciate their applicability in real life situations. As stated at the beginning
of the chapter, management principles have undergone a long history of evolution. And,
they continue to evolve. What follows is a description of the management principles
pertaining to the classical school; more precisely, those propounded by F.W. Taylor and
Henri Fayol.
● Example:
Toyota follows certain well-defined business principles guiding Its functioning. These
are:

1. Honor the language and spirit of law of every nation and undertake open and fair
corporate activities to be a good corporate citizen around the world.
2. Respect the culture and customs of every nation and contribute to economic and
social development through corporate activities in local communities.
3. To provide clean and safe products and to enhance the quality of life everywhere.
4. Create and develop advanced technologies and provide outstanding products and
services that fulfill the needs of customers worldwide.
5. Faster a corporate culture that enhances individual creativity and teamwork value,
while honoring mutual trust and respect between management and labor.
6. Pursue growth and harmony with the global community through innovative
management.
7. Work with business partners in research and creativity to achieve stable, long- term
growth and mutual benefits and be open to new partnerships.
8. These principles will guide the company in its global vision. This global vision
envisages continuous innovations in future, use of environment friendly technologies,
respecting and working with different sections of society and establishing an
interactive relationship with society.
5.0 Actual Resources Required

Name of
Sr. No Specifications Qty Remarks
Resource/Material

Open Learning Sources Videos/ websites/ books,

1 1 For information
engineering magazines

2 Charts survey Related information 1 For report purpose

3 MS Word MS Office 2010 1 For report purpose

6.0 Skill Developed/Learning Out Of This Micro-Project:

1. Basic knowledge.
2. Experiments and practice..
3. Individual teamwork.
4. Engineering tools.
5. Lifelong learning.
7.0 Conclusion

It has been said that management has four basic functions – planning, organizing, leading
and controlling. Common sense dictates that without these principles of management being
in place an organization would have trouble achieving its aims, or even coming up with
aims in the first place.

8.0 References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

https://www.google.com/search?q

https://www.diplomaworld.online/
 Annexure–IV

Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Name of Student : Bandekar Aryan Shailesh Enrollment No :2105630247

Name of : Management Semester : sixth
Program : Information Technology Code : 22509
Course Title
Title of Micro-Project : Study of Management principles
applied to a large scale industry

Course Outcome Achieved:

a. Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.

b. Use principles of planning and organizing for accomplishment of tasks.
Sr. Poor Average Good Excellent Sub
Characteristics to be assessed
No (1-3) (4-5) (6-8) (9-10) Total
(A) Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 Marks)

1 Relevance to the course

Literature Review /
2
Information Collection
Completion of the Target as per project
3
proposal
4 Analysis of Data and representation

5 Quality of Prototype / Model

6 Report Presentation

(B) Individual Presentation / Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)
7 Presentation

8 Viva

(A) Process and Product Assessment (B) Individual Presentation / Viva Total Marks
(6 Marks) (4 Marks) (10)

Comments / Suggestions about teamwork / leadership / interpersonal communication (if any)

Name and Designation of Teacher: MS.ARCHANA WARUDE Signature:

 Annexure–IV

Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Name of Student : Patil Viraj Kunjan Enrollment No :2105630248

Name of : Management Semester : sixth
Program : Information Technology Code : 22509
Course Title
Title of Micro-Project : Study of Management principles
applied to a large scale industry

Course Outcome Achieved:

c. Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.

d. Use principles of planning and organizing for accomplishment of tasks.
Sr. Poor Average Good Excellent Sub
Characteristics to be assessed
No (1-3) (4-5) (6-8) (9-10) Total
(A) Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 Marks)

1 Relevance to the course

Literature Review /
2
Information Collection
Completion of the Target as per project
3
proposal
4 Analysis of Data and representation

5 Quality of Prototype / Model

6 Report Presentation

(B) Individual Presentation / Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)
7 Presentation

8 Viva

(A) Process and Product Assessment (B) Individual Presentation / Viva Total Marks
(6 Marks) (4 Marks) (10)

Comments / Suggestions about teamwork / leadership / interpersonal communication (if any)

Name and Designation of Teacher: MS.ARCHANA WARUDE Signature:

 Annexure–IV

Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Name of Student : Shaikh Amaan Jahangir Enrollment No :2105630249

Name of : Management Semester : sixth
Program : Information Technology Code : 22509
Course Title
Title of Micro-Project : Study of Management principles
applied to a large scale industry

Course Outcome Achieved:

e. Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.

f. Use principles of planning and organizing for accomplishment of tasks.
Sr. Poor Average Good Excellent Sub
Characteristics to be assessed
No (1-3) (4-5) (6-8) (9-10) Total
(A) Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 Marks)

1 Relevance to the course

Literature Review /
2
Information Collection
Completion of the Target as per project
3
proposal
4 Analysis of Data and representation

5 Quality of Prototype / Model

6 Report Presentation

(B) Individual Presentation / Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)
7 Presentation

8 Viva

(A) Process and Product Assessment (B) Individual Presentation / Viva Total Marks
(6 Marks) (4 Marks) (10)

Comments / Suggestions about teamwork / leadership / interpersonal communication (if any)

Name and Designation of Teacher: MS.ARCHANA WARUDE Signature: