Paper : 2

[ ]
1 a 3
1. If P = 1 3 3 is the adjoint of a 3 × 3 matrix A and | A| =4 , then a is a equal to
2 4 4
(a) 4
(b) 11
(c) 5
(d) 0

[] []
3 2
2. If A = [2 – 3 4], B = 2 , X = [1 2 3] and Y = 3 then AB + XY equals
2 4
(a) [28]
(b) [24]
(c) 28
(d) 24

| |
2
a c e
3. If ( a , b ) , ( c , d ) and ( e , f ) are the vertices of △ ABC and Δ denotes the area of △ ABC , then b d f is
1 1 1
equal to
(a) 2 Δ 2
(b) 4 Δ 2
(c) 2 Δ
(d) 4 Δ

4. For what value of k is the following function continuous at x=2 ?

{
2 x +1 ; if x< 2
f ( x )= k, x =2
3 x−1 ; x>2
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 3
(d) 5

5. Three vectors a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ . Satisfy the condition a⃗ + ⃗b+ c⃗ =0. Evaluate μ=⃗a ⋅ ⃗b+ b⃗ ⋅ ⃗c + ⃗c ⋅ a⃗ , if |⃗a|=1 ;|b⃗|=4 ;|c⃗|=2.
−11
(a)
2
−21
(b)
2
5
(c)
2
−7
(d)
2

[ ( )] ( )
3 7
dx 3 d2 y
6. The order and degree of the differential equation 1+ =7 2
are respectively.
dy dx
(a) 2,3
(b) 3,2
(c) 2,2
(d) 3,3
7. The corner points of the feasible region determined by the following system of linear inequalities:
2 x+ y ≤ 10 , x +3 y ≤15 , x , y ≽ 0 are ( 0 , 0 ) , ( 5 , 0 ) , ( 3 , 4 ) and ( 0 , 5 ) . Let Z= px+ qy , where p , q>0 . Condition on p and
q so that the maximum of Z occurs at both ( 3 , 4 ) and ( 0 , 5 ) is
(a) p=q
(b) p=2q
(c) p=3 q
(d) q=3 p

8. The vector equation of XY-plane is

(a) r⃗ . k^ = 0
(b) r⃗ . ^j = 0
(c) r⃗ . i^ = 0
(d) r⃗ . n⃗ = 0

2 2
sin x−cos x
9. ∫ 2 2
dx is equal to
sin x cos x
(a) tanx+ cotx+C
(b) tanx+ cosecx+C
(c) −tanx+ cotx+C
(d) tanx+ secx+C

10. If A is a 3×3 matrix such that |5⋅adjA|=5, then |A| is equal to

1
(a) ±
5
(b) ± 5
(c) ± 1
1
(d) ± Solution 10
25

11. Equation of a line passing through point ( a , b , c ) and parallel to z -axis is

x−a y−b z−c
(a) = =
1 0 0
x−a y−b z−c
(b) = =
0 1 0
x−a y−b z−c
(c) = =
0 1 1
x−a y−b z−c
(d) = =
1 0 1

12. Unit vector along ⃗PQ , where coordinates of P and Q respectively are ( 2 , 1,−1 ) and ( 4 , 4 ,−7 ) , is
^ ^j−6 k^
(a) 2 i+3
^
(b) −2 i−3 ^j+6 k^
−2 i^ 3 ^j 6 k^
(c) − +
7 7 7
^ ^
2i 3 j 6 k ^
(d) + −
7 7 7

13. If A= [−11 70], find k so that A −8 A−kl=O, where I is a unit matrix and O is a null matrix of order 2.
2
(a) -3
(b) -7
(c) -9
(d) 11

14. For the married couple living in Jammu, the probability that a husband will vote in an election is 0.5
and the probability that his wife will vote is 0.4 . The probability that the husband votes, given that his
wife also votes is 0.7 . Then the probability that husband and wife both will vote is
(a) 0.28
(b) 0.20
(c) 0.35
(d) 0.15

15. Write the sum of the order and degree of the following differential equation:

{( ) }
3
d dy
= =0
dx dx
(a) 5
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

16. If θ is the angle between any two vectors a⃗ and b⃗ then |⃗a ⋅ ⃗b|=|⃗a × b⃗| when θ is equal to
(a) 0
π
(b)
4
π
(c)
2
(d) π

17. Find the set of value of x for which f ( x )=cosx−x is decreasing in

(a) ( 0 , ∞ )
(b) (−∞ , 0 )
(c) (−∞ , ∞ )
(d) None of the above

^ ^j+3 k^ .
18. Find the direction cosines of the vector i+2
1 2 3
(a) , and
√14 √14 √14
9 1 4
(b) , and
√12 √ 12 √12
1 2 3
(c) , and
√17 √17 √17
9 1 4
(d) , and
√13 √ 13 √13

ASSERTION-REASON BASED QUESTIONS

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.

π
19. Assertion (A) lf 0< x < then sin−1 ( cosx )+ cos−1 ( sinx )=π −2 x
2
−1 π −1
Reason (R) cos x = −sin x ∀ x ∈ [ 0 , 1 ]
2

20. Assertion (A) : Two coins are tossed simultaneously. The probability of getting two heads, if it is
1
known that at least one head comes up, is .
3
P(E∩F)
Reason (R) : Let E and F be two events with a random experiment, then P ( F/ E )= .
P(E)

Section –B
[This section comprises of very short answer type questions (VSA) of 2 marks each]

21. Find the domain of the function y = cos-1 (|x - 1|). Show your steps.

OR

21. Consider a bijective function f :R+ →(7, ∞) given by f(x) = 16x2 + 24x + 7, where R+ is the set of all
positive real numbers. Find the inverse function of f.

22. A particle moves along the curve 3 y=a x 3 +1 such that at a point with x -coordinate 1 , y -coordinate is
changing twice as fast at x -coordinate. Find the value of a.

23. Find the cofactors of all the elements of [ 14 −23 ]

OR

( ) is equal to :
2
dy
23. If x=secθ−cos θ and y=sec n θ−cosn θ, then
dx

10 x 9+10 x log e dx 10

24. ∫ 10 x
equals
x + 10

1 1
25. The probabilities of solving a specific problem independently by A and B are and respectively. If
3 5
both try to solve the problem independently, find the probability that the problem is solved.

Section – C
[This section comprises of short answer type questions (SA) of 3 marks each]

26. Evaluate :
2x
∫ dx
( x + 1 )( x2 +3 )
2
 ( )
27. The anti-derivative of a function of the form ( 3 x−1 ) f ( x ) , x ≠
1
3
4 13 3 3 2
, is given by 3 x − x + x + C , where
3 2
C is the constant of integration.
Find the value of f ( 6 ). Show your steps.

28. Evaluate :
1
∫
cos ( x−a ) cos ( x−b )

OR
28.

Solve: ∫ e
cot−1 x
(1− 1+xx ) dx
2

29. Find the particular solution, satisfying the given condition, for the following differential equation :
dy y
− +cosec
dx x
y
x ( )
=0 ; y=0 when x=1.
Or
dy
29. Solve the differential equation: ( 1+ x ) +2 xy−4 x =0, subject to the initial condition y ( 0 )=0.
2 2
dx

30. Solve the following LPP graphically :

Minimise z = 5x + 7y
subject to the constraints
2x + y ≥ 8
x + 2y ≥ 10
x, y ≥ 0

OR

30. Solve the following linear programming problem graphically :

Minimise : z=−3 x +4 y
subject to the constraints
x+ 2 y ≤ 8 ,
3 x+ 2 y ≤ 12,
x , y ≥ 0.

dy 1
31. If x √ 1+ y + y √ 1+ x = 0 and x ≠ y, prove that =-
dx ( x+1 )2

Section –D
[This section comprises of long answer type questions (LA) of 5 marks each]

32. Using the method of integration find the area of the region bounded by lines: 2x+y=4,3x−2y=6 and x−3y+5=0

33. Show that the relation R in the set A={1 , 2, 3 , 4 ,5 } given by R={( a , b ) :|a−b| is even }, is an equivalence
relation. Show that all the elements of {1 , 3 , 5} are related to each other and all the elements of {2 , 4 } are related
to each other. But no element of {1 , 3, 5 } is related to any element of {2 , 4 }.

OR
 x−1
33. Let A=R−{2} and B=R−{1 }. If f : A → B is a function defined by f ( x )= , show that f is one-one and
x−2
onto.

34. Show that the matrix A=

−1
[−82 54 ] satisfies the equation satisfies the equation A2 + 4 A−42=0 and hence find

A .
A=[ (−8 , 5 ) (2 , 4 ) ]

35. Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the intersection of the planes r⃗ ⋅ ( ı^ + ^ȷ + k^ )=6 and
r⃗ ⋅ ( 2 ı^ +3 ^ȷ +4 k^ ) =−5, and the point ( 1 ,1 , 1 ).

OR

35 . Using integration, find the area lying above x-axis and included between the circle x 2 + y2 = 8x and
inside the parabola y2 = 4x.

Section –E
[This section comprises of 3 case- study/passage based questions of 4 marks each with sub parts.
The first two case study questions have three sub parts (i), (ii), (iii) of marks 1,1,2 respectively.
The third case study question has two sub parts of 2 marks each.)
Case study 1
The Venn diagram below represents the probabilities of three different types of Yoga, A, B and C
performed by the people of a society. Further, it is given that probability of a member performing type C
Yoga is 0.44.

On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions :

(i) Find the value of x .

(ii) Find the value of y .

(iii) (a) Find P ( CB ).

OR
(iii) (b) Find the probability that a randomly selected person of the society does Yoga of type A or B but
not C.

Case study 2 :

36. Engine displacement is the measure of the cylinder volume swept by al the pistons of a piston engine.
The piston moves inside the cylinder bore

The cylinder bore in the form of circular cylinder open at the top is to be made from a metal sheet of area
75 π cm .
2

Based on the above information, answer the following questions :

(i) If the radius of cylinder is rcm and height is hcm , then write the volume V of cylinder in terms of radius
r.

dV
(ii) Find .
dr

(iii) (a) Find the radius of cylinder when its volume is maximum.

OR
(b) For maximum volume, h> r . State true or false and justify.

Case study 3

An equation involving derivatives of the dependent variable with respect to the independent variables is called a
dy
differential equation. A differential equation of the form =F ( x , y ) is said to be homogeneous if F ( x , y ) is a
dx
homogeneous function of degree zero, whereas a function F ( x , y ) is a homogenous function of degree n if
dy
F ( λx , λy )=λ n F ( x , y ). To solve a homogeneous differential equation of the type =F ( x , y ) =¿ g
dx ()
y
x
, we make

the substitution y=vx and then separate the variables.

Based on the above, answer the following questions :

(I) Show that ( x 2− y 2 ) dx +2 xydy=0 is a differential equation of the type

dy
dx
=g
y
x()
.

(II) Solve the above equation to find its general solution.

 Solution :

1.(b)
If A is matrix of order n , then |adj A| = | A|
n−1

Given

[ ]
1 a 3
P= 1 3 3
2 4 4

|P| = 1(12-12) – α (4-6) + 3(4-6)

= 2α – 16
P = adj (A) [Given]
|P| = |adj A| = ¿ A∨¿2 ¿ = 16
2α – 6 = 16
2α = 22
α = 11

2(a)
AB = 6 – 6 + 8 = [8]
XY = 2 + 6 +12 = [20]
= [20] + [8]
= [28]

3(b)
If ( a , b ) , ( c , d ) and ( e , f ) are vertices of △ ABC , then its area is

| |
a b 1
1
Δ ¿ c d 1
2
e f 1

| |
a c e
1
Δ ¿ b d f
2
1 1 1

| |
a c e
2Δ ¿ b d f
1 1 1
On squaring both sides, we get

| |
2
a c e
2
⇒(2 Δ) = b d f
1 1 1

| |
2
a c e
∴ b d f =4 Δ 2
1 1 1

4(d)
As f ( x ) is continuous at x=2
¿
And lim ¿ x→ 2 f ( x )=lim ¿
−¿
¿¿
−¿
¿
x→ 2 ( 2x+ 1) ¿

¿ 2 ×2+1=4+1=5
⇒ f ¿ since f is continuous at x=2
∴ k=5
5(b)
Given:
μ=⃗a ⋅ ⃗b+ b⃗ ⋅ ⃗c + ⃗c ⋅ ⃗a
|⃗a|=1 ;|b⃗|=4 ;|c⃗|=2
⃗ ⃗c|2=|a⃗|2+|⃗b|2+|⃗c|2+ 2 ( ⃗a ⋅ ⃗b+ b⃗ ⋅ ⃗c + ⃗c ⋅ a⃗ )
Now, |⃗a + b+
Since, |⃗a + ⃗b+ ⃗c|
⇒ 0=1+16+ 4+2 μ
−21
⇒ μ=
2

6(b)

[ ( )] ( )
7
dx 3 3 d2 y
1+ =7 2
dy dx
Cubing on both sides, we get

[ ( )] ( )
7 3
dx 3 2
3 d y
1+ =7 2
dy dx
By definition of degree and order, Degree: 3 ; Order: 2

7(d)
Maximum value of Z= px+¿ qyoccurs at ( 3 , 4 ) and ( 0 , 5 ), At ( 3 , 4 ) , Z= px+ qy=3 p+4 q At ( 0 , 5 ) , Z=0+ q ⋅5=5 q
Both are the maximum values ⇒ 3 p+ 4 q=5 q or q=3 p

8(a) The vector equation of XY-plane is r⃗ . k^ = 0

9(a)

( )
2 2 2 2
sin x−cos x sin x cos x
∫ 2 2
dx= ∫ 2 2
− 2 2
dx
sin x cos x sin x cos x sin x cos x
¿ ∫ ( sec 2 x−cosec2 x ) dx
¿ tanx+ cotx+C

10(a)
|5 ⋅adjA|=5
53|adjA|=5
|adjA|= 1
25
3−1 1
| A| =
25
1
| A|=±
5

11(d)
Given: Plane passes through ( a , b , c ) and parallel to z - axis.
As we know that, the direction ratios of z - axis are ⟨ 0 , 0 ,1 ⟩ and the equation of a line passing through
( x 1 , y 1 , z1 ) and parallel to line having direction ratios ¿ a ,
x−x 1 y− y 1 z−z 1
b, c> is given by: = = .
a b c
Here, x 1=a , y 1=b , z 1=c and a=0 , b=0 , c=1.
 x−a y−b z−c
So, the equation of required plane is: = =
0 0 1

12(a)
Given coordinates of P are ( 2 , 1,−1 ) and Q are ( 4 , 4 ,−7 ) .
i e., Coordinates of ⃗ PQ
^ 4 ^j−7 k^ ) −( 2 i+
¿ ( 4 i+ ^ ^j− k^ )
¿ ( 4 i^ −2 i^ ) + ( 4 ^j − ^j ) + (−7 k^ + k^ )
¿ 2 i+ ^ 3 ^j−6 k^

13(b)
2
A = A ⋅ A=
[−11 07][−11 07]
[−1−7 0+0+490 ]
¿ 1−0

¿[
−8 49 ]
1 0

∴ A −8 A−kI=[ 1 0 ]−8 [ 1 0 ]−k [ 1 0 ]

2
−8 49 −1 7 0 1
¿
[−81 490 ]−[−88 560 ]−[ k0 0k ]
¿
[−8+8−0
1−8−k
49−56−k ]
0−0−0

[ 0 −7−k
¿ −7−k 0
]
But A2−8 A−kl=0

[
∴ −7−k
0
0
−7−k
=
][ ]
0 0
0 0
∴ −7−k=0
∴ k =−7.
14(a)
P ( A )=0.5 (husband), P= ( A /B )=0.7 P ( B )=0.4 (wife)
P ( A ∩B )=¿ ?
P ( A ∩B )=P ( B ) P ( A / B )
¿ 0.4 × 0.7=0.28

15(c)
By using chain rule to evaluate the derivative on the left hand side, we get:

{( ) }
3
d dy
=0
dx dx

3 ( )
dy 2 d 2 y
dx d x 2
=0

The order of this differential equation is 2 because the highest order derivative appearing in the equation
is second order.

16(b)
Let θ be the angle between two vectors a⃗ and b⃗ .
Then, without loss of generality, a⃗ and b⃗ are non-zero vectors, so that |⃗a| and |b⃗| are positive.
|⃗a ⋅ ⃗b|=|a⃗ × ⃗b|
⇒|a⃗||⃗b|cosθ=|⃗a||b⃗| sinθ
⇒ cosθ=sinθ [|a⃗| and |b⃗| are positive ]
⇒ tanθ=1
π
⇒ θ=
4
π
Hence, |⃗a ⋅ ⃗b|=|⃗a × b⃗| when θ Is equal to
4

17 (c)
Given:
f ( x )=cosx−x
Differentiating with respect to x , we get
'
⇒ f ( x )=−sinx−1
As we know that,
−1 ≤ sinx ≤ 1 , for x ∈ R
⇒−1 ≤−sinx ≤1 , for x ∈ R
⇒−1−1 ≤−sinx−1≤ 1−1 , for x ∈ R
'
⇒−2 ≤ f ( x ) ≤0 , for x ∈ R
∴ f ' ( x ) ≤ 0 , for x ∈ R
Hence f ( x ) is decreasing in x ∈ R or x ∈ (−∞ , ∞ )

18 (a)
Let r =i+2 j+3 k be the given vector
The magnitude of vector r is |r|=√ 12+ 22+ 32=√ 14
Let the directional cosines of vector r be cosα , cosβ , cosγ
r .i 1
We have cosα= =
|r| √ 14
r⋅ j 2
We have cosβ = =
|r| √ 14
r ⋅k 3
We have cos γ = =
|r| √ 14
1 2 3
Therefore the directional cosines of given vector are , and
√14 √14 √14
19 :(a)
Given
sin−1 ( cosx ) +cos−1 ( sinx )

( ( )) ( ( ))
π
sin−1 sin −x +cos−1 cos −x
2
π
2

( ( ))
sinθ=cos
π
2
−θ

π π
−x + −x
2 2
π−2 x
We know
 −1 −1 π
sin x +cos x =
2
−1 π −1
cos x = −sin x
2

20(a)
Two coins are tossed simultaneously.
Sample space i.e., possible outcomes are {HT , TH , HH , TT }
E=¿ event of getting two heads
F=¿ event of getting at least one head
1 3 1
P ( E )= , P ( F ) = , P ( E ∩ F )=
4 4 4
P ( )
E
F
=
P ( E ∩ F)
P ( F)

¿
() 1
4

() 3
4
1
¿
3

solution 21 :
Since the domain of Inverse of cosine function Is [ −1 ,1 ], finds the domaln of the given function as follows:
−1 ≤ x−1 ≤ 1
So, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
And,
−1 ≤1−x ≤ 1
¿>1 ≥ x−1 ≥−1
So, 2 ≥ x ≥ 0
Concludes the domain of cos−1 (|x−1|) as [ 0 , 2 ].
OR
Solution 21 :
The function is given by f ( x )=16 x 2 +24 x +7
Let y=f ( x )
2
⇒ y=16 x + 24 x+ 7
2
⇒ y =16 x +24 x +7+ 2−2
2
⇒ y=16 x +24 x +9−2
2
⇒ y=( 4 x+3 ) −2
2
⇒ ( 4 x +3 ) = y+ 2
⇒ 4 x +3= √ ( y +2 )

⇒ x=
√( y +2 )−3
4
Now, y=f ( x )
Thus, f −1=x=
√ ( y+ 2 )−3
4

Solution22 :
Given, 3 y=a x 3 +1
dy dx
At x=1 , =2
dx dt
Now, differentiating equation (i) w.r.t. ’t’, we get
dy 2 dx
3 =3 a x
dt dt
dy
Put the value of from (ii), we get
dx
dx 2 dx
3 ×2 =3 a ×1 ×
dt dt
dx dx
⇒ 6 =3 a
dt dt
⇒ 3 a=6
⇒ a=2
Hence the value of a=2.

Solution 23 :
M 11=3
M 12=4
M 21=−2
M 22=1
1 +1
C 11=(−1 ) M 11
¿3
1+2
C 12=(−1 ) M 12
¿−( 4 )
¿−4
C 21=(−1 )2+1 M 21
¿−(−2 )
¿2
2+2
C 22=(−1 ) M 22
¿1
∴ Co-factor of [ 1 −2
4 3 ] [
is
3 −4
2 1 ]
OR
Solution 23
dy n−1 n−1
=n sec θ ⋅ secθ ⋅tanθ−n⋅ cos θ (−sinθ )
dθ
¿ ntanθ ( sec θ+cos θ )
n n

dx sinθ
= ( secθ +cosθ )
dθ cosθ
¿ tanθ ( secθ+ cosθ )
dy ntanθ ( sec θ+ cos θ )
n n
∴ =
dx tanθ ( secθ +cosθ )
2
n 2 ( sec❑n θ+ cos❑n θ )
( )
2
dy
= 2
dx ( secθ+ cos2 )
n2 {( sec n θ−cosn ) + 4 } n2 ( y 2+ 4 )
2

¿ = 2
( sec n θ−cos 2+ 4 x +4

Solution 24 :
Given:
( 10 x 9+ 10x ln 10 ) dx
∫
( x 10+10 x )
To evaluate
solution;
take y=x 10 +10 x
dy
=10 x 9+ 10x ln 10
dx
dy=( 10 x 9 +10 x ln 10 ) dx
dy
∴ I = ∫ =lny
y
hence the correct answer is ln |( x 10 +10 x )|

Solution 25:
1
Probability of solving the problem by A , P ( A )=
3
2
P ( A )=
3
1
Probability of solving the problem by B , P ( B )=
5
4
P ( B )=
5
Since the problem is solved independently by A and B,
Probability that the problem is solved ¿ P ( A ) ⋅P ( B ) + P ( B ) ⋅ P ( A )+ P ( A ) ⋅ P ( B )
1 4 1 2 1 1
¿ × + × + ×
3 5 5 3 3 5
7
¿
15

Solution 26
Given integral
 2x
I= ∫ dx
( x + 1 )( x2 +3 )
2

Put x 2=t or 2 xdx=dt

dt
∴ I =∫
( t+1 ) ( 3+t )
By using partial fraction,
1 A B
let = +
( t+1 ) ( 3+t ) ( 1+t ) ( 3+t )
Now, on putting t=−1, we get
1
1=2 A or A=
2
1 −1
On putting A= and B= in Eq. (i), we get
2 2
1 −1
1 2 2
= +
( 1+ t ) ( 3+t ) 1+t 3+t
On integrating both sides, we get
1 1 1 1 1
∫ dt= ∫ dt− ∫ dt
( 1+t )( 3+t ) 2 1+t 2 3+t
1 1
¿ log|1+t |− log|3+t|
2 2
1 1
¿ log |1+ x |− log|3+ x |+C [ Put t=x ]
2 2 2
2 2
∴ I = log
1
2 | |
1+ x 2
3+ x
2
+C

[ ∵ logm−logn=log ] m
n

Solution 27 :
Given
Interprets the question statement and writes it as:
( 3 x−1 ) f ( x )=
d
dx ( 13 3
3 x 4 − x 3+ x2 +C
3 2 )
Finds the derivative in the above step as:
( 3 x−1 ) f ( x )=12 x3 −13 x 2 +3 x
Factorises the above cubic polynomial as:
( 3 x−1 ) f ( x )=( 3 x−1 ) ( 4 x 2−3 x )
and determines the value of f ( x ) as ( 4 x 2−3 x ) .
Substitutes x=6 in f ( x ) and evaluates f ( 6 ) as 126

Solution 28 :
Multiply & Divide by sin ( a−b )
 sin ( a−b ) 1
¿∫ × dx
sin ( a−b ) cos ( x−a ) cos ( x −b )
1 sin ( a−b )
¿ ∫ dx
sin ( a−b ) cos ( x−a ) cos ( x−b )
1 sin ( a−b+ x−x )
¿ ∫ dx
sin ( a−b ) cos ( x−a ) cos ( x−b )
1 sin ( ( x −b ) + ( a−x ) )
¿ ∫ dx
sin ( a−b ) cos ( x−a ) cos ( x−b )
1 sin ( ( x−b )−( x−a ) )
¿ ∫ dx
sin ( a−b ) cos ( x−a ) cos ( x−b )
Using sin ( A−B )=sinAcosB−cosAsinB
Replace A by ( x−b )∧B by ( x−b )
sin ( ( x−b )−( x−a ) )=sin ( x −b ) cos ( x−a )−cos ( x −b ) sin ( x−a )
1 sin ( x−b ) cos ( x−a )−cos ( x−b ) sin ( x −a )
¿ ∫ dx
sin ( a−b ) cos ( x−a ) cos ( x−b )

¿
1
∫ (
sin ( x−b ) cos ( x−a ) cos ( x−b ) sin ( x−a )
−
sin ( a−b ) cos ( x −a ) cos ( x−b ) cos ( x−a ) cos ( x −b )
dx )
¿
1
sin ( a−b )
∫
[(
sin ( x−b ) sin ( x−a )
−
cos ( x−b ) cos ( x−a ) )dx
]
1
¿ [ ∫ tan ( x−b )−tan ( x−a ) dx ]
sin ( a−b )
1
¿ [ ∫ tan ( x−b ) dx− ∫ tan ( x−a ) dx ]
sin ( a−b )
1
¿
sin ( a−b )
[−log|cos ( x−b )|+log|cos ( x−a )|]+ C
1
¿
sin ( a−b )
[ log|cos ( x−a )|−log|cos ( x−b )|] +C
¿
1
sin ( a−b )
log
|
cos ( x−a )
cos ( x −b )
+C
|
OR
Solution 28 :

Consider, I = ∫ e
cot −1 x
( 1−
x
1+ x )
2
dx

( )
2
−1
cot x 1+ x −x
I= ∫ e 2
dx
1+ x
Taking cot−1 x=t
∴ x=cott
∴ dx=−cosec 2 tdt

( )
2
1+cot t−cott (
∴ I =∫ e t cosec t ) dt
2
2
1+cot t
¿ ∫ e ( cosec t−cott ) dt
t 2

¿ ∫ et ( cott−cosec 2 t ) dt
∴ Now taking f ( t )=cot
∴ f ' ( t ) =−cosec2 t
t
¿ e f (t)+ c
|cot ( cot−1 x )|+c
−1
cot x
¿e
¿ e |cot ( cot x )|+c
t −1

−1

∴ I =x e cot x + c .

Solution 29 :
Differential equation is
dy y
dx x
= −cosec
x()
y

dy y
Let F ( x , y )= = −cosec
dx x
y
x ()
Finding F ( λx , λy )
λy
F ( λx , λy )= −cosec
λx ( )
λy
λx
y
= −cosec
x x()
y
=λ ∘ F ( x , y )
∴ F ( x , y ) is a homogenous function of degree zero
dv vx
v+ x = −cosec
dx x
vx
x ( )
dv
v+ x =v −cosecv
dx
xdv
=v −cosecv−v
dx
xdv
=−cosecv
dx
−dv dx
=
cosecv x
Integrating both sides
−dv dx
∫ =∫
cosecv x
∫ −sinvdv=log |x|+c
y
Put value of v=
x
y
cos =log |x|+C
x
Putting x=1∧ y=0
0
cos ¿ log 1+C
1
1 ¿ 0+ C [ log 1=0 ]
C ¿1
Putting value in (2)
y
cos =log|x|+1
2
y
cos =log |x|+loge
x
y
cos =log|ex|
x

OR
Solution 29 :
( 1+ x 2 ) dy +2 xy−4 x2 =0 (given) ; y ( 0 )=0 (given)
dx

( )
2
dy 2x 4x
⇒ + 2
y= 2
dx 1+ x 1+ x
dy
⇒ This is a linear differential equation of the form + Py=Q ; where P=f ( x ) and Q=g ( x ).
dx
2
2x 4x
∴ P= 2
∧Q= 2
1+ x 1+ x
Now,
2x
Integrating factor, If e ∫ Pdx=e ∫ 1+ x dx 2

Let 1+ x 2=t ⇒ 2 xdx=dt

2x dt
∫ dx ∫
=e t =e logt =e log ( 1+ x )
2 2
intPdx 1+ x
⇒ If =e =e
⇒ If =( 1+ x 2 )
∵ The solution of linear differential equation of the above type is given by :-
y ( If )= ∫ ( Q. If ) dx +C

( )
2
4x
∴ x ( 1+ x 2 )= ∫ 2
× ( 1+ x ) dx +C
2

1+ x
3
4x
⇒ x ( 1+ x ) = ∫ 4 x dx ⇒ x ( 1+ x ) =
2 2 2
+C
3
∵ y ( 0 )=0 ⇒ 0 ( 1+0 )=0+C ⇒ C=0
3 3
4x 4x
⇒ y ( 1+ x )=
2
⇒ y=
3 3 ( 1+ x2 )

Solution 30 :

Corner Points Z
A (0,8) 56
B (2,4) 38 = small value
C ( 10 ,0) 50
 To verify whether the smallest value of z = 38 is the minimum value we draw open half plane.
5x + 7y < 38. Since there is no common point with the possible feasible region except (2, 4).
Hence minimum value of z = 38 at x = 2 and y = 4.

OR
Solution 30 :
The feasible region determined by the system of constraints x +2 y ≤ 8, 3 x+ 2 y ≤ 12, x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0 is as
follows.
The corner points of the feasible region are O ( o , o ) , A ( 4 , o ) , B ( 2 , 3 ) and C ( 0 , 4 )
The values of Z at these corner points are as follows.

Corner point Z=−3 x+ 4 y

O (o , o ) 0
A ( 4 , 0) -12 → Minimum
B ( 2, 3 ) 6
C ( 0 , 4) 16

Therefore, the minimum value of Z is -12 at the point ( 4 , 0 )

Solution 31

Given x √ 1+ y + y √ 1+ x = 0
x √ 1+ y = – y √ 1+ x
Squaring both sides
x2(1+y) = y2(1+x)
x2 + x2y = y2 +xy2
x2-y2 = xy2 – x2y
x2-y2 = xy(y-x)
(x-y)(x+y) = -xy(x-y)
x+y = -xy
x = -y(1+x)
x
y=
(1+ x )
Differentiate w.r.t.x
dy
= ¿¿
dx
= ¿¿
−1
= 2
(1+ x )
Solution 32 :
The given equations of lines are
2 x+ y=4 …
3 x−2 y=6.
And, x−3 y +5=0.
The area of the region bounded by the lines is the area of △ ABC . AL and CM are the perpendicular on x -
axis.
Area ( △ ABC )= Area ( ALMCA )− Area ( ALB )− Area ( CMB )
4 2 4
¿∫
1
( )
x+ 5
3
dx−∫ ( 4−2 x ) dx−∫
1 2 2(
3 x−6
dx )
[ [ ]
2 2 4
1 x 2 2 1 3x
+5 x1 −[ 4 x−x ]1−
4 2
¿ −6 x ❑
3 2 2 2

¿
1
3[ 1
] 1
8+ 20− −5 −[ 8−4−4+ 1 ] − [ 24−24−6 +12 ]
2 2
1 45
¿ ×
3 2 ( )
1
− (1 )− ( 6 )
2
15
¿ −1−3
2
15 15−8 7
¿ −4= = sq. units
2 2 2

Solution 33 :
R={( a , b ) :|a−b| is even } where a , b ∈ A
Check Reflexive
Since |a−a|=|0|=0
¿ 0 is always even
⇒|a−a| is even
∴ ( a , a ) ∈ R,
∴ R is reflexive.
Check symmetric
We know that
|a−b|=|b−a|
|a−b| ¿|− ( b−a )|
¿ ¿
Hence, if |a−b| is even,
then |b−a| is also even
Check transitive
If |a−b| is even, then ( a−b ) is even
Similarly, if |b−c| is even, then ( b−c ) is even
Now,
Sum of even numbers is also even
a−b+ b−c is even
⇒ a−c is even
Hence, |a−c| is even
So, If |a−b|∧|b−c| is even, then |a−c| is even
A) e. If ( a , b ) ∈ R∧( b ,c ) ∈ R , then ( a , c ) ∈ R ∴ R is transitive Since R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive,
it is equivalence relation
R={( a , b ) :|a−b| is even }
Show that all the elements of {1 , 3 , 5} are related to each other and all the elements of {2 , 4 } are related to
each other. But no element of {1 , 3 , 5} is related to any element of {2 , 4 }.
ln {1, 3 , 5 },
All elements are odd,
So, difference between any 2 numbers is always even
Hence,
Modulus of difference between any 2 numbers is always even Hence, element of {1 , 3 , 5} are related to
each other ln {2, 4 },
All elements are even,
So, difference between any 2 numbers is always even
Hence,
Modulus of difference between any 2 numbers is always even
Hence, element of {2 , 4 } are related to each other
ln {1, 3 , 5 }∧{2 , 4 },
Elements of {1 , 3 , 5} are odd
Elements of {2 , 4 } are even
Difference of one element from {1 , 3 , 5} and one element from {2 , 4 } is odd
As Difference of even and odd number is always odd
∴ Difference is not even
If difference not even,
Modulus of difference also not even
Hence, element of {1 , 3 , 5}∧{2 , 4 } are not related to each other
OR

Solution 33 :
x−1
Given: f ( x )=
x−2
To show f is one-one:
Let f ( x 1 ) =f ( x 2 )
 x 1−1 x 2−1
⇒ =
x 1−2 x 2−2
⇒ ( x1 −1 )( x 2−2 )=( x 2−1 ) ( x 1−2 )
⇒ x 1 x 2−2 x 1−x 2 +2=x 1 x 2−2 x 2−x 1+ 2
⇒−2 x 1−x 2=−2 x 2−x1
⇒−2 x 1 + x 1=−2 x2 + x 2
⇒−x 1=−x 2
⇒ x 1=x 2
Hence, f is one - one.
To show f is onto :
Let y ∈ B
∴ y=f ( x )
x−1
⇒ y=
x−2
⇒ y ( x−2 )=x−1
⇒ xy−2 y =x−1
⇒ xy−x =2 y −1
⇒ x ( y−1 )=2 y−1
2 y−1
⇒ x=
y−1
2 y−1
Thus, for every value of y in R−{1 }, there exists apre - image x= in R −{2}.
y−1
Hence, f is onto.
Since, f is one-one and onto
−1 2 y−1
Therefore, f is invertible with f ( y )= .
y −1
−1 2 x−1
Hence, f ( x )= .
x−1

Solution 34 :
To show: Matrix A satisfies the equation x 2+ 4 x−42=0
If Matrix A satisfies the given equation then
2
A + 4 A−42=0
Firstly, we find the A2
2
A = A ⋅ A=
[
−8 5 −8 5
2 4 2 4 ][ ]
[
¿ 64 +10 −40+20
−16+ 8 10+16 ]
¿ [
74 −20
−8 26 ]
Taking LHS of the given equation i.e.
2
A + 4 A−42
⇒
[
74 −20
−8 26 ] [
+4
−8 5
2 4 ] [ ]
−42
1 0
0 1

[
⇒ 74 −20
−8 26 ][ ][ ]
+ −32 20 − 42 0
8 16 0 42
⇒
−8+8[
74−32 −20+20
26+16 ][ ]
−
42 0
0 42
⇒
42
0 [ 0
42 ][ ]
−
42 0
0 42
⇒
[ ]
0 0
0 0
¿O
¿ RHS
∴ LHS = RHS
Hence matrix A satisfies the given equation x 2+ 4 x−42=0
Now, we have to find A−1
Finding A−1 using given equation
2
A + 4 A−42=0
Post multiplying by A−1 both sides, we get
⇒ [
74 −20
−8 26
+4 ] [
−8 5
2 4 ] [ ]
−42
1 0
0 1

[
−8 26 ][
⇒ 74 −20 + −32 20 − 42 0
8 ][ ]
16 0 42

[ ][ ]
⇒ 74−32 −20+20 − 42 0
−8+8 26+16 0 42

[ ][ ]
⇒ 42 0 − 42 0
0 42 0 42
⇒ 0 0
[ ]
0 0
¿O
¿ RHS
∴ LHS = RHS
Hence matrix A satisfies the given equation x 2+ 4 x−42=0
Now, we have to find A−1
Finding A−1 using given equation
2
A + 4 A−42=0
Post multiplying by A−1 both sides, we get
 ( A 2 +4 A−42 ) A−1=O A−1
⇒ A ⋅ A + 4 A ⋅ A −42 ⋅ A =O [ O A =O ]
2 −1 −1 −1 −1

⇒ A ⋅ ( AA ) + 4 I −42 A =O [ AA =I ]
−1 −1 −1

−1
⇒ A ( I ) +4 I −42 A =O
⇒ A + 4 I −42 A−1 =0
−1
⇒ A+ 4 I −O=42 A
−1 1
⇒ A = ( A+ 4 I )
42
⇒A =
−1 1 −8 5
42 2 4 {[ ] [ ] }
+4
1 0
0 1

⇒ A−1=
{[ ] [ ]}
1 −8 5 4 0
+
42 2 4 0 4

⇒ A−1=
1 −8+ 4
42 2+ 0 { 5+0
4 +4 }
−1
⇒A =
1 −4
42 2 [ 5
8]
¿

[
1 −4 5
⋅
2 2 8 ]
Solution 35 :
The vector equation of a plane passing through the intersection of planes r⃗ ⋅⃗
n1=d 1 and r⃗ ⋅⃗
n2=d 2 and also
through the point ( x 1 , y 1 , z1 ) is
r⃗ ⋅ ( ⃗
n1 + λ ⃗ n2 )=d 1 + λ d2
Given, the plane passes through
⃗r ⋅ ( ı^ + ^ȷ + k^ ) =6
Comparing with ⃗r ⋅⃗ n1=d1 ,
n1=ı^ + ^ȷ + k∧d1 =6
⃗ ^
r⃗ ⋅ ( 2 ı^ + 3 ^ȷ + 4 k^ ) =−5
−⃗r ⋅ ( 2 ı^ + 3 ^ȷ + 4 k^ )=5
r⃗ ⋅ (−2 ı^ −3 ^ȷ −4 k^ )=5
Comparing with ⃗r ⋅⃗ n2=d2
n 2=−2 ı−3
⃗ ^ ^ȷ−4 k^ ∧d 2=5
Equation of plane is
r⃗ ⋅ [ ( ı^ + ^ȷ + k^ ) + λ ( −2 ı^ −3 ^ȷ −4 k^ ) ]=6+ λ 5
r⃗ ⋅ [ ( ı+
^ ^ȷ + k^ ) −λ ( 2 ı^ +3 ^ȷ+ 4 k^ ) ]=6+5 λ
Now to find λ , put r⃗ =x ı^ + y ^ȷ+ z k^
( x ı^ + y ^ȷ + z k^ ) ⋅ [ ( ı^ + ^ȷ+ k^ )−λ ( 2 ı^ +3 ^ȷ + 4 k^ ) ]=5 λ+6
( x ı^ + y ^ȷ + z k^ ) ⋅ ( ı+ ^ ^ȷ + k^ ) −λ ( x ı^ + y ^ȷ + z k^ ) ⋅ ( 2 ı^ + 3 ^ȷ + 4 k^ )=5 λ+6
( x ×1 ) + ( y ×1 ) + ( z ×1 )− λ [ ( x ×2 ) + ( y ×3 )+ ( z × 4 ) ] =5 λ+6
x + y + z−λ [ 2 x+ 3 y + 4 z ] =5 λ+6
x + y + z−2 λx−3 λy −4 λz=5 λ+6
( 1−2 λ ) x+ ( 1−3 λ ) y + ( 1−4 λ ) z=5 λ +6
Since the plane passes through ( 1 ,1 , 1 ),
Putting ( 1 ,1 , 1 ) in (2)
( 1−2 λ ) x + ( 1−3 λ ) y + (1−4 λ ) z=5 λ+6
( 1−2 λ ) × 1+ ( 1−3 λ ) ×1+ ( 1−4 λ ) × 1=5 λ+ 6
1−2 λ+ 1−3 λ+1−4 λ=5 λ+ 6
3−9 λ=5 λ +6
−14 λ=3
−3
∴ λ=
14
Putting value of λ in (1),

[ ( )
r⃗ ⋅ ( ı^ + ^ȷ + k^ ) −
−3
14 ]
( 2 ı^ +3 ^ȷ+ 4 k^ ) =6+5 × −3
14

[ 3
]
r⃗ ⋅ ( ı^ + ^ȷ + k^ ) + ( 2 ı^ +3 ^ȷ +4 k^ ) =6−
14
15
14

[ 6
]
9
r⃗ ⋅ ı^ + ^ȷ + k^ + ı^ + ^ȷ+ k^ =
14 14
12
14
69
14

[( ) ( ) ( ) ]
r⃗ ⋅ 1+
6
14
ı^ + 1+
9
14
^ȷ + 1+
12 ^ 69
14
k=
14

r⃗ ⋅
[ ]
20 23 26 ^ 69
ı^ + ^ȷ + k =
14 14 14 14

¿ r⃗ ⋅
[ 1
14 ]
( 20 ı^ +23 ^ȷ +26 k^ ) = 69
14
1 69
¿ ⃗r ⋅ ( 20 ı^ +23 ^ȷ +26 k^ ) =
14 14
¿
r⃗ ⋅ ( 20 ı^ + 23 ^ȷ +26 k^ )=69
Therefore, the vector equation of the required plane is
r⃗ ⋅ ( 20 ı^ +23 ^ȷ+26 k^ )=69

Or

Solution : 35
We have, given equations
2 2
x + y =8 x
and y 2=4 x
Equation (1) can be written as
( x−4 )2 + y 2=( 4 )2
So equation (i) represents a circle with centre ( 4 , 0 ) and radius 4 .
Again, clearly equation (ii) represents parabola with vertex ( 0 , 0 ) and axis as x -axis. The curve (i) and (ii)
are shown infigure and the required region is shaded. On solving equation (i) and (ii) we have points of
intersection 0 ( 0 , 0 ) and A ( 4 , 4 ) , C ( 4 ,−4 ) Now, we have to find the area of region bounded

by ( i ) and ( ii ) ∧¿ above x -axis.

So required region is OBAO .
Now, area of OBAO is
4
A=∫ ( √ 8 x−x −√ 4 x ) dx
2

0
4
¿ ∫ ( √ ( 4 ) − ( x−4 ) −2 √ x ) dx
2 2

[ ]
4
( x−4 ) 2 16 −1 ( x−4 ) 2 x 3 /2
¿
2
√ ( 4 ) −( x−4 ) + 2 sin 4 −2 × 3
2

[ ]
3
4
¿ 8 sin 0− ( 4 ) −[ 8 sin (−1 )−0 ]
−1 −1 2
3

( 4
¿ 8 ×0− × 8 − 8 ×−
3
π
2 )( )
32
¿− +4 π = 4 π−
3
32
3 (sq.units )
36.
(i) x +0.21=0.44 ⇒ x=0.23

(ii)
0.41+ y +0.44 +0.11=1⇒ y=0.04

(iii)
(a)
P ( CB )= P (PC( ∩B )B )
P ( B )=0.09+0.04 +0.23=0.36
P ( )
C 0.23 23
=
B 0.36 36
=

(iii) (b)
P ( A or B but not C )
¿ 0.32+0.09+0.04
¿ 0.45
37 (i)
2
75−r π
, ∴ V =π r h= ( 75 r−r )
2 2 3
π r + 2 πrh=75 π ⇒ h=
2r 2
(ii)
dV π
= ( 75−3 r )
2
dr 2

(iii) (a)
dV
dr
d2V
=0 ⇒r =5 , 2
dr ]r =5
π
= (−6 r ) <0 ∴ volume is maximum when r =5
2

OR

(III) (b)

]
2
dV d V π
False, =0 ⇒ r =5 , 2
= (−6 r ) <0
dr d r r =5 2
∴ volume is maximum when r =5 As volume is maximum at r =5
2
75−5
⇒ h= =5
2 ( 5)
⇒ h=r

38 (I) ( x 2− y 2 ) dx +2 xydy=0
2 2
dy y −x
⇒ =
dx 2 xy

()
2
y
−1
x
¿
2 ()
y
x

¿g ()
y
x

dy dy
(II) y=vx ⇒ =v+ x
dx dx
2 2
dv v −1 −1−v
v+x = −v=
dx 2v 2v
2v dx
⇒∫ 2
dv=− ∫
1+v x
⇒ log|1+ v 2|+log |x|=logC

or x 1+
( )
y2
x
2
=C

or x 2+ y 2 =Cx