F

Use of English
Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that best completes the sentence
USE OF ENGLISH (20 pts)
Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) that best completes the sentence.
1. General Custer was confident of victory despite being vastly _______ by the enemy.
A. outnumbered B. outclassed C. overcome D. overtaken
2. The ministry refused to _______ the figures to the press.
A. release B. leak C. show D. add
3. Steve _______ his chances of passing by spending too much time on the first question.
A. threw out B. threw off C. threw away D. threw in
4. James had, _______, saved the manuscript of his first novel from the burning house.
A. lastly B. at last C. lately D. at least
5. I wish the neighbors _______ making so much noise.
A. would stop B. will stop C. stopping D. stopped
6. After months of getting _______, the detectives began to feel that they were onto something.
A. somewhere B nowhere C. everywhere D. anywhere
7. I expect _______ the course next year.
A. completing B. to complete C. will complete D. completed
8. After eating the apple she threw the _______ in the bin.
A. centre B. stones C. remains D. core
9. Don’t tell anyone about this, _______?
A. do you B. won’t you C. will you D. should you
10. Twenty people were arrested during the demonstration, of _______ four were charged with obstruction.
A. who B. whom C. which D. them
11. I don't think that this fashion will _______.
A. catch on B. catch up C. catch out D. catch over
12. After three weeks the cut on Tom’s hand had still not _______.
A. cured B. joined C. mended D. healed
13. Adam is thought _______ at sea.
A. to have been killed B. having been killed C. to be killed D. be killed
14. We need guaranteed financial _______ before we can even start the design work.
A. agreement B. backing C. analysis D. plans
15. _______ what he says, observe what he does.
A Although B. In contrast C. Contrary D. Never mind
16. Many of his best photographs of the conflict were taken when he was actually _______ fire.
A. on B. under C. in D. to
17. There is nothing we can do _______ than wait.
A. except B. other C. rather D. moreover
18. If only he _______ help us by talking directly to the boss.
A. might B. could C. will D. should
19. He bought the cottage _______ renovating it and then selling at a large profit.
A. with a view to B. with the target of C. aiming to D. his goal being
20. He found that the test was child’s _______.
A. play B. games C. matches D. delight

WORD FORMS (30 pts)

Fill in the blank with the appropriate form of the word given in brackets
1. It’s bad for your health to be physically _______inactive. (ACT)
2. Since his accident, he hasn’t been able to walk _______unaided. (AID)
3. After working really hard for the examination, he deserved a(n) _______well-earned holiday. (EARN)
4. I was almost driven crazy by the neighbors _______continually knocking on the wall. (CONTINUE)
5. He watched his daughters grow up to _______womanhood. (WOMAN)
6. He accused the BBC of _______editorializing in its handling of the story. (EDITOR)
7. I need more sleep. Do you know how to _______deactivate the alarm? (ACTIVATE)
8. When we heard she’d got the job, we all went off for a _______celebaratory drink. (CELEBRATE)
9. This new situation is more than _______advantageous to all the investors. Definitely, it s a chance not to miss. (ADVANTAGE)
10. The inn is _______picturesquely situated on the banks of the river. (PICTURE)
11. Working with _______importunate people is sometimes a great thing. (IMPORTUNITY)
12. In ancient Vietnam, women had to suffer a lot because it was then a _______patriarchal society in which men always took
priority in everything. (MONARCH)
13. Production in our factories is falling because of _______absenteeism. (ABSENCE)
14. This statue _______commemorated the soldiers who died in the war. (MEMORY)
15. The conditions inside the school were _______unspeakably bad. (SPEAK)

GUIDED CLOZE TEST (30 pts)

Read the passage and choose the best option (A, B, C or D) for each blank space.
Investigators have long been amassing knowledge and technology for assessing the driving population and designing vehicles that fit
drivers. Researchers are helping auto makers design cars that people of all sizes and ages can use safely and easily. Recently,
researchers tested some new eat designs.
What they discovered is that drivers don’t actually (1) _______ in their cars the way the (2) _______ intended. Seats that have
been touted as ergonomically designed to support the lower (3) _______ may be comfortable in the showroom, but two hours down the
road, the supports (4) _______ actually cause more pain than the traditional seats.
The new seats were tested in a laboratory driving simulator. This device allows the researchers to configure seats any way they (5)
_______ and use laboratory instruments to (6) _______ measurements readily. Volunteers spend time (7) _______ the wheel, reacting
to a movie of road (8) _______, depressing the accelerator pedal, manipulating controls, and so forth.
(9) _______ researchers measured the spinal curvature of the (10) _______ and then had each one sit in a seat. Physical impressions of
the subjects’ body in the seat (11) _______ recorded. Then, the researchers (12) _______ the overall comfort of the seat, cushion
firmness, lumbar support, and backrest angel.
Then, over four days, the subjects evaluated each (13) _______ at half – hour intervals during a three - (14) _______ driving simulation.
The seat with prominent lumbar support, the most (15) _______ seat in the initial evaluation, was the least comfortable of the test seats
in the lower back area after only one and one - half hours of driving.
1. A. put B. sit C. operate D. seat
2. A. drivers B. seats C. designers D. most
3. A. back B. seat C. which D. position
4. A. which B. device C. may D. don’t
5. A. wish B. make C. take D. have
6. A. help B. have C. obtain D. meet
7. A. driving B. on C. designing D. behind
8. A. scene B. surface C. conditions D. driving
9. A. Recent B. After C. As D. The
10. A. drivers B. seat C. road D. tester
11. A. who B. are C. were D. had
12. A. evaluated B. decided C. provided D. made
13. A. volunteer B. individually C. time D. seat
14. 14. A. minute B. different C. hour D. consecutive
15. A. comfortable B. designed C. important D. common

OPEN CLOZE TEST (30 pts)

Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word to make a meaningful passage.
Dictionaries are (1) _______among/ undoubtedly the most important tools of self-education. (2) _______As/ When Samuel Johnson
wrote his influential English dictionary in the eighteenth century, the work kept him busy for seven years. At the end of that period he
(3) _______had written the meanings of over forty thousand words. Most modern dictionaries require a (4) _______ great/ good deal
less time and effort to write because writers often use
earlier dictionaries (5) _______as a source of reference.
Nowadays, most dictionaries are (6) _______put together by teams of writers, or lexicographers. Sometimes they need to work together
in meetings; at other times they work independently of (7) _______each other, on different parts or the dictionary.
(8) _______At one time, the starting point for decing on which words to include used to be the lexicographer’s (9) _______own
knowledge. These days, teams (10) _______make use of a large collection of examples of not only writing but also everyday speech,
which is known as a corpus. Teams also refer (11) _______to books and articles about language as (12) _______well as asking experts
in particular subjects about the more specialized words. Finally, (13) _______ordinary people are asked to say what they think about
the (14) _______ways the words are defined and (15) _______whether they find the examples provided helpful or not.

READING COMPREHENSION (20 pts)

Read the passage carefully and then answer the questions.
The Moon, which has undergone a distinct and complex geological history, presents a striking appearance. The moon may be divided
into two major terrains: the maria (dark lowlands) and the terrace (bright highlands). The contrast in the reflectivity (the capability of
reflecting light) of these two terrains suggested to many early observers that the two terrains might have different compositions, and this
supposition was confirmed by missions to the Moon such as Surveyor and Apollo. One of the most obvious differences between the
terrains is the smoothness of the maria in contrast to the roughness of the highlands. This roughness is mostly caused by the abundance
of craters; the highlands are completely covered by large craters (greater than 40-50 km in diameter), while the craters of the maria tend
to be much smaller. It is now known that the vast majority of the Moon’s craters were formed by the impact of solid bodies with the
lunar surface.
Most of the near side of the Moon was thoroughly mapped and studied from telescopic pictures years before the age of space
exploration. Earth-based telescopes can resolve objects as small as a few hundred meters on the lunar surface. Close observation of
craters, combined with the way the Moon diffusely reflects sunlight, led to the understanding that the Moon is covered by a surface
layer, or regolith, that overlies the solid rock of the Moon. Telescopic images permitted the cataloging of a bewildering array of land
forms. Craters were studied for clues to their origin; the large circular maria were seen. Strange, sinuous features were observed in the
maria. Although various land forms were catalogued, the majority of astronomers’ attention was fixed on craters and their origins.
Astronomers have known for a fairly long time that the shape of craters changes as they increase in size. Small craters with diameters of
less than 10-15 km have relatively simple shapes. They have rim crests that are elevated above the surrounding terrain, smooth, bowl-
shaped interiors, and depths that are about one-fifth to one-sixth their diameters. The complexity of shape increases for larger craters.
1. According to the passage, the maria differ from the terrace mainly in terms of
A age B. manner of creation C. size D. composition
2. The word “undergone” is closest in meaning to
A altered B. substituted C. experienced D. preserved
3. The passage supports which of the following statements about the Surveyor and Apollo missions?
A. They confirmed earlier theories about the Moon’s surface.
B. They revealed that previous ideas about the Moon’s craters were incorrect.
C. They were unable to provide detailed information about the Moon’s surface.
D. They were unable to identify how the Moon’s craters were made.
4. All of the following are true of the maria EXCEPT
A. They have small craters B. They have been analyzed by astronomers
C. They have a rough texture D. They tend to be darker than the terrace
5. The word “vast” is closet in meaning to
A. special B. known C. varied D. great
6. All of the following terms are defined in the passage EXCEPT
A. Moon B. reflectivity C. regolith D. maria
7. According to the passage, lunar researchers have focused mostly on
A. The possibility of finding water on the Moon B. the lunar regolith
C. cataloging various land formations D. craters and their origins
8. The author mentions “large circular maria” as an example of
A. an aspect of the lunar surface discovered through lunar missions
B. a characteristic of large craters
C. a discovery made through the use of Earth-based telescopes
D. features that astronomers observed to be common to Earth and the Moon
9. The passage probably continues with a discussion of
A. the reasons craters are difficult to study.
B. the different shapes small craters can have.
C. some features of large craters.
D. some difference in the ways small and large craters were formed.
10. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. What astronomers learned from the Surveyor and Apollo space missions.
B. Characteristics of the major terrains of the Moon.
 C. The origin of the Moon’s craters.
D. Techniques used to catalogue the Moon’s land forms.

SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (45 pts)

Rewrite each sentence in such a way that it means almost the same as the one printed before it Use the word in brackets without making
any change to it.
1. “Don’t disobey me, or I’ll stop your pocket money,” said Jane’s father, (if)
 Jane's father threatened to stop her pocket money if she didn’t obey/ disobeyed him.
2. Someone is making a new pair of dining room curtains for us. (made)
 We are having a new pair of dining room curtains made for dining room.
3. Pollution may be responsible for the dolphins' loss of immunity to the virus. (blame)
 We may be to blame for the dolphins’ loss of immunity to the virus.
4. Most people consider Mr. Jarvis to be the best dentist in town. (widely)
 Mr. Jarvis is widely considered to be the town’s best dentist.
5. You may dislike folk music very much, but you’ll like this particular band. (however)
 You are bound to like this particular band however much you may dislike folk music.
6. You scarcely ever see owls during the daytime. (few)
 Only on a few and far between basis do you (ever) see owls during the daytime.
7. After 10 minutes, waiting began to depress Kathy. (fed)
 Kathy began to get fed up after she’d been waiting ten minutes.
8. Providing everyone agrees, next week’s meeting will be cancelled. (held)
 Unless someone/ anyone disagrees, the meeting will not be held/ no meeting will be held next week.
9. Reports say that the invading army left the city early this morning. (have)
 The invading army is said to have left the city early this morning.'
10. I inherited this old table from my grandmother. (handed)
 This old tables was handed down to me by my grandmother.
11. The composer who writes the best song will conduct the orchestra (whichever)
 The orchestra will be conducted by whichever composer writes the best song.
12. If you’d planned your journey in advance, this problem wouldn’t have arisen. (avoided)
 Had you planned your journey in advanced, you would/ could have avoided this problem.
13. “I wish I hadn’t eaten so much cake,” said Ricky. (regretted)
 Ricky regretted eating/ having eating so much cake.
14. After discovering the theft, the only option open to us was calling the police. (but)
 We had no option but to call the police after our discovery of the theft.
15. Tim can’t go to the shopping centre without meeting old friends from school. (bumps)
 Whenever Tim goes to the shopping centre, he bumps into old friends from school.