Public Speaking (Lecture 1)

INTRODUCTORY CLASS
Course Teacher:
Mirza Md. Adwit Rahman
Assistant Professor, Department of English
&
Assistant Proctor
Stamford University Bangladesh
Contact: Room # B-506 or Proctor Office
Cell Phone # 01675213821
CONTENT
 Benefits of Public Speaking
 Features of Public Speaking
 You as a public speaker
 You as an ethical speaker
 You as an ethical listener
 Goals of communication
 Similarities and differences between public speaking
and conversation
 Critical thinking
 References
BENEFITS OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
 Personal Benefits: (Osborn and Osborn, 2002, p. 5-7)

➢ Growth as a Public Speaker:
✓ Encourages you to look inside yourself and explore what
really matters to you so that you can share these convictions
and concerns.
✓ What personal experiences can you draw upon to make
them come alive for listeners?
✓ How can you build a base of knowledge so that you can
speak responsibly
➢ How to find a worthwhile topic

➢ How to search it to strengthen your message
➢ How to structure and order your presentation
➢ How to use language that will etch your

thoughts on the mind of listeners
➢ How to present a speech that commands
attention
 Practical Benefits:
✓ We spend 75% of each day communicating with others. Of this
time, we spend 30% in speaking.
✓ Corporate Managers report that they spend 60% of their day
communicating face-to-face.
✓ Wisconsin Office of Academic Affairs study identified oral
communication skills as a basic factor in the evaluation of job
candidates. These skills correlate highly with success at work.
✓ American Council on Education report, ‘Employment Prospect
for College Graduates’ advises readers that “good oral and
written skills can be your most prized assets” in getting and
holding a desirable position.
FEATURES OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
❑ Speaker and listeners’ roles are clearly defined

❑ Successful public speaking offers carefully
planned messages
❑ The medium can affect the message
❑ The communication environment changes

YOU AS A PUBLIC SPEAKER
 Five essential ingredients:

➢ Commitment : You must want to succeed and willing to work
toward that goal. You MUST determine that you will learn the
art of public speaking.
➢ Experience: You must give speeches frequently and learn from
the constructive suggestions of your classmates and instructor.
➢ Instructor
➢ Supportive Audience
➢ Textbook
YOU AS AN ETHICAL SPEAKER
 When we speak of ethics, we mean the moral dimensions of human
conduct, how we treat others and wish to be treated in return
 Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and
wrong in human affairs
❖ Respect for the integrity of ideas
❖ Responsible knowledge
❖ Knowing the main points of concern
❖ Understanding what experts believe about these points
❖ Being aware of the most recent events and discoveries about these points
❖ Realizing how these points directly affect the lives of your listeners
❖ Carefully using communication techniques
❖ Avoiding plagiarism
❖ Concern for listeners
❖ Avoiding ‘marker’s and applying universal values
YOU AS AN ETHICAL SPEAKER
 Guidelines for ethical speaking (Lucas, 2001, p. 36 -
46)
 Make sure your goals are ethically sound
 Be fully prepared for each speech
 Be honest in what you say
 Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language
 Avoid plagiarism
 Global: stealing a speech entirely from a single source
 Patchwork: stealing ideas or language from two or three
sources
 Incremental: Failing to give credit for particular parts of a
speech that are borrowed from other people
YOU AS AN ETHICAL LISTENER
 Guidelines for ethical listening (Lucas, 2001, p. 47-49)
 Be courteous and attentive
 Avoid prejudging the speaker
 Maintain the free and open expression of ideas
 Overcoming barriers to effective listening (Osborn, 2002, p. 73-81)
 External sources
 Environmental problems
 Message Problems
 Presentation problems
 Internal sources
 Reaction to words
 Personal concerns
 Attitudes
 Habits
See: Differences between good and poor listeners (Osborn, p. 81)

GOALS OF COMMUNICATION
 To Inform
 about facts; for example, news presenting
 To Persuade
 motivating/insisting
others about your opinion/view
about something; for example, debate
 To Entertain
 to amuse the audience; for example, anchoring a show
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN CONVERSATION &
PUBLIC SPEAKING
Subject Public Speaking Conversation
Informing parents about results
In classrooms, teachers inform
in last trimester; persuading the
about academic topics;
prospective blood donors to
Targeting same goal politicians persuade citizens
donate blood; cutting
about plans & policies;
jokes/make fun while
anchors hosting the show
gossiping/clubbing
Teachers come into the class Before persuading prospective
Organizing
prepared with what to teach in blood donors, advantages of
thoughts/ideas
that class, how to teach a donating blood is described
logically
certain topic logically
A certain topic is taught Sharing a family problem to elder
Tailoring message to
differently according to and younger brother needs
audience
students level of knowledge different method and language
If your older family member gets
Teachers teach according to
Adapting to listeners annoyed with your way of talking,
the feedback given by the
feedback you change it suitably to avoid
students during class
further annoyance
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONVERSATION &
PUBLIC SPEAKING
Subject Public Speaking Conversation
Highly structured; for example, a

Does not maintain proper structure;
teacher teaches a topic in
Structure for example, while clubbing friends do
sequential order for better
not focus to only one topic
understanding
Formal language and standard

pronunciation required; for Informal language as acceptable; for
Language example, a teacher tries to be polite example, taboo words/expressions,
and use correct pronunciation in slangs are used among friends
the class
Formal method of delivery required; Informal method of delivering speech

for example, using the space, is acceptable; for example, friends
Method of
adapting to the situation, not doing can talk without making eye contact,
Delivery
anything that reduces the goodwill lying on the bed, unstructured turn
of the speaker taking
CRITICAL THINKING
 Being able to spot weaknesses in other people’s

arguments and to avoid them in your own
 Being able to see clearly the relationship among
ideas
 Distinguishing fact from opinion
 Judging the credibility of the statements
 Assessing the soundness of evidence

LESSON OBJECTIVES
 Why should we develop our public speaking skills?
 What ingredients are required for cooking a good public
speaker?
 What are the rights and wrongs for a public speaker?
 What similarities do you find between public speaking
and conversation?
 What differences do you find between public speaking
and conversation?
 How can you think critically?
REFERENCES
• Required Texts:
1. The Art of Public Speaking (7th Edition) by
Stephen E. Lucas
2. Public Speaking (4th Edition) by Michael
Osborn & Suzanne Osborn

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INTRODUCTORY CLASS

 Personal Benefits: (Osborn and Osborn, 2002, p. 5-7)

➢ How to find a worthwhile topic

➢ How to structure and order your presentation

➢ How to use language that will etch your

❑ Speaker and listeners’ roles are clearly defined

❑ The communication environment changes

 Five essential ingredients:

 Be honest in what you say

 Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language

See: Differences between good and poor listeners (Osborn, p. 81)

Highly structured; for example, a

Formal language and standard

Formal method of delivery required; Informal method of delivering speech

 Being able to spot weaknesses in other people’s

 Judging the credibility of the statements

 Assessing the soundness of evidence

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