A-Z Terms Economics

Absolute advantage Adaptive expectations Adverse selection Advertising Agency costs Agricultural policy Agriculture Aid Altruism Amortisation Animal spirits Antitrust Appreciation Arbitrage Arbitrage pricing theory Asian crisis Assets Asymmetric information Asymmetric shock Auctions Austrian economics Autarky Average Backwardation Balance of payments Balanced budget Bank Bankruptcy Barriers to entry (or exit) Barter Basel 1 and 2 Basis point Bear Behavioural economics Beta Big Mac index Black economy Black-Scholes Bonds Boom and bust Bounded rationality Brand Bretton Woods

Bubble Budget Bull Business confidence Business cycle Buyer's market

Cannibalise Capacity Capital Capital adequacy ratio Capital asset pricing model Capital controls Capital flight Capital gains Capital intensive Capital markets Capital structure Capitalism CAPM Cartel Catch-up effect Central bank Ceteris paribus Charity Chicago School Classical dichotomy Classical economics Closed economy Coase theorem Collateral Collusion Command economy Commoditisation Commodity Common goods Communism Comparative advantage Competition Competitive advantage Competitiveness Complementary goods Compound interest Concentration Conditionality Consumer confidence Consumer prices
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Consumer surplus Consumption Contagion Contestable market Convergence Corruption Cost of capital Cost-benefit analysis Creative destruction Credit Credit creation Credit crunch Creditor Crony capitalism Crowding out Currency board Currency peg Current account De Soto, Hernando Deadweight cost/loss Debt Debt forgiveness Debt-equity ratio Default Deficit Deflation Demand Demand curve Demographics Deposit insurance Depreciation Depression Deregulation Derivatives Devaluation Developing countries Development economics Diminishing returns Direct taxation Discount rate Discounted cashflow Diseconomies of scale Disequilibrium Disinflation Disintermediation Diversification Dividend

Division of labour Dollarisation Dominant firm Dumping

ECB Econometrics Economic and monetary union Economic indicator Economic man Economic rent Economic sanctions Economics Economies of scale Effective exchange rate Efficiency Efficiency wages Efficient market hypothesis Elasticity Emerging markets Endogenous Engel's law Enron Enterprise Entrepreneur Environmental economics Equilibrium Equities Equity Equity risk premium Euro Euro Zone Eurodollar European Central Bank European Union Evolutionary economics Excess returns Exchange controls Exchange rate Exogenous Expectations Expected returns Expenditure tax Export credit Exports Externality
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Factor cost Factors of production Factory prices Fair trade FDI Federal Reserve System Financial centre Financial instrument Financial intermediary Financial markets Financial system Fine tuning Firms First-mover advantage Fiscal drag Fiscal neutrality Fiscal policy Fixed costs Flotation Forecasting Foreign direct investment Forward contracts Free lunch Free riding Free trade Frictional unemployment Friedman, Milton Full employment Fungible G7, G8, G10, G21, G22, G26 Game theory GATT GDP Gearing General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade General equilibrium Generational accounting Giffen goods Gilts Gini coefficient Global public goods Globalisation gni GNP Gold

Gold standard Golden rule Government Government bonds Government debt Government expenditure Government revenue Greenspan, Alan Gresham's law Gross domestic product Gross national product

Hard currency Hawala Hayek, Friedrich Hedge Hedge funds Herfindahl-Hirschman index Homo economicus Horizontal equity Horizontal integration Hot money House prices Human capital Human Development Index Hyper-inflation Hypothecation

ILO IMF Imperfect competition Imports Income Income effect Income tax Incumbent advantage Index numbers Indexation Indifference curve Indirect taxation Inelastic Inequality Inferior goods Inflation
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Inflation target Information Infrastructure Innovation Insider trading Institutional economics Institutional investors Insurance Intangible assets Intellectual capital Interest Interest rate International aid International Labour Organisation International Monetary Fund International trade Intervention Investment Invisible hand Invisible trade Inward J-curve Job search Joint supply Keynes, John Maynard Keynesian Kleptocracy Kondratieff wave Labour Labour intensive Labour market flexibility Labour theory of value Laffer curve Lagging indicators Laissez-faire Land Land tax Law and economics LBO Leading indicators Lender of last resort Leverage

Leveraged buy-out Liberal economics Liberalisation LIBOR Life Life-cycle hypothesis Liquidity Liquidity preference Liquidity trap Lock-in Long run Lump of labour fallacy Lump-sum tax Luxuries Macroeconomic policy Macroeconomics Manufacturing Marginal Market capitalisation Market failure Market forces Market power Marshall Plan Marshall, Alfred Marx, Karl Mean Mean reversion Median Medium term Menu costs Mercantilism Mergers and acquisitions Microeconomics Minimum wage Misery index Mixed economy Mobility Mode Modelling Modern portfolio theory Monetarism Monetary neutrality Monetary policy Money Money illusion Money markets
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Money supply Monopolistic competition Monopoly Monopsony Moral hazard Most-favoured nation

Output gap Outsourcing Outward investment Over the counter Overheating

NAFTA NAIRU Nash equilibrium Nation building National debt National income Nationalisation Natural monopoly Natural rate of unemployment Negative income tax Neo-classical economics Net present value Network effect Neutrality New economy New growth theory New trade theory NGO Nobel prize for economics Nominal value Non-price competition Normal goods Normative economics NPV Null OECD Offshore Okun's law Oligopoly OPEC Open economy Open-market operations Opportunity cost Optimal currency area Optimum Option Output

Pareto efficiency Paris Club Patents Path dependence Peak pricing Percentage point Percentile Perfect competition Permanent income hypothesis Phillips curve Pigou effect Plaza Accord Population Positional goods Positive economics Poverty Poverty trap PPP Precautionary motive Predatory pricing Preference Present value Price Price discrimination Price elasticity Price mechanism Price regulation Price/earnings ratio Principal-agent theory Prisoners' dilemma Private equity Privatisation Probability Producer prices Producer surplus Production function Productivity Profit Profit margin Profit maximisation Progressive taxation
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Propensity Property rights Prospect theory Protectionism Public goods Public spending Public utility Public-private Purchasing power Q theory Quantity theory of money Quartile Queueing Quota R squared Random walk Rate of return Rate of return regulation Ratings Rational expectations Rationality Rationing Real balance effect Real exchange rate Real interest rate Real options theory Real terms Recession Reciprocity Redlining Reflation Regional policy Regression analysis Regressive tax Regulation Regulatory arbitrage Regulatory capture Regulatory failure Regulatory risk Relative income hypothesis Rent Rent-seeking Replacement cost Replacement rate Repo

Required return Rescheduling Reservation wage Reserve currency Reserve ratio Reserve requirements Reserves Residual risk Restrictive practice Returns Revealed preference Ricardian equivalence Ricardo, David Risk Risk averse Risk management Risk neutral Risk premium Risk seeking Risk-free Safe harbour Satisficing Savings Say's law Scalability Scarcity Scenario analysis Schumpeter, Joseph SDR Search costs Seasonally adjusted Second-best theory Secondary market Securities Securitisation Seignorage Seller's market Seniority Sequencing Services Shadow price Shareholder value Shares Sharpe ratio Shock Short-termism Shorting
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Signalling Simple interest Smith, Adam Social benefits/costs Social capital Social market Socialism Soft currency Soft dollars Soft loan Sovereign risk Speculation Speculative motive Spot price Spread Stabilisation Stability and Growth Pact Stagflation Stagnation Stakeholders Standard deviation Standard error Statistical significance Sterilised intervention Sticky prices Stochastic process Stocks Stress-testing Structural adjustment Structural unemployment Subsidy Substitute goods Substitution effect Sunk costs Supply Supply curve Supply-side policies Sustainable growth Swap Systematic risk Systemic risk Tangible assets Tariff Tax arbitrage Tax avoidance Tax base Tax burden Tax competition

Tax efficient Tax evasion Tax haven Tax incidence Taxation Technical progress Terms of trade Third way Tick Tiger economies Time series Time value of money Tobin, James Total return Trade Trade area Trade cycle Trade deficit/surplus Trade unions Trade-weighted exchange rate Tragedy of the commons Transaction costs Transfer pricing Transfers Transition economies Transmission mechanism Transparency Treasury bills Trough

Uncertainty Underground economy Unemployment Unemployment trap Unions Usury Utility Value added Value at risk Variable costs Velocity of circulation Venture capital
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Vertical equity Vertical integration Visible trade Volatility Voluntary unemployment Wage drift Wages Wealth effect Wealth tax Weightless economy Welfare Welfare economics Welfare to work Windfall gains Windfall profit Winner-takes-all markets Withholding tax World Bank World Trade Yield Yield curve Yield gap

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