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Activity 1. Complete Me
Directions: Supply the boxes with the correct term on phase changes using the clues in
the word bank below.

WORD BANK
Solid Melting Deposition
Liquid Freezing Gas to liquid

Phase Change

Sublimation _____ to gas _____ to gas Evaporation

__________ Gas to solid __________ Condensation

Solid to Liquid Liquid to solid

__________ __________

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Activity 2. Word Cryptogram

Directions: Arrange the letters to come up with the correct answer. Use the
given number and definition as guide to complete the word.
1. Y H I S P A L C N H C A G E

1 2 4 6 3 6 2 3 7 8 5
A change of state with no composition changes of matter.
2. S A G 7. P E D O O S I T I N

8 3 4 5 4 7
The particles move at A change in phase in which gas transforms
random directions very into solid without passing the liquid phase.
quickly and travel in
straight-line path.
3. O L I D S 8. B U L S A M I O N I T

4 4 3 7
Have definite shape and volume A change in phase in which solid turns
because the particles are packed into gas without passing the liquid phase.
closely together in fixed position.
4. Q I L U D I 9. D E C O N A N S I N O T

6 7 5 4 3 7
The particles move and change A change in phase in which gas turns into
positions but not as freely as liquid.
those in a gas.
5. L M I N E T G 10. V A P E A O R O T I N

5 7
A phase change in which solid A phase change in which liquid turns
turns into liquid. into gas.
6. R E E F G I N Z

A phase change when liquid turns into solid.

5 5 7 8

Riddle: A change in the state from

one form to another 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 3 7 8 5 4

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Activity 3: Phase Matters!

Directions: The diagram below shows particles in solid, liquid and gas. Each arrow A,
B, C, D, E and F represents a change in phase. Analyze the phase changes and the
temperature conditions as matter changes from one phase to another.

TEMPERATURE INCREASES/PRESSURE DECREASES

TEMPERATURE DECREASES/PRESSURE INCREASES

Questions:
A. 1. What phase change occurs in A?
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What phase change occurs in B?
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What phase change occurs in C?
_____________________________________________________________________
4. What phase change occurs in D?
_____________________________________________________________________
5. What phase change occurs in E?
_____________________________________________________________________
6.What phase change occurs in F?
_____________________________________________________________________

B. How does the temperature and pressure affect changes in phase? Fill-in the table
below with the necessary conditions of temperature and pressure as matter changes
from one phase to another.

State Temperature condition Pressure condition

A
B

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C
D
E
F

Activity 4. Understanding Phase Transformation

A. Directions: Read and analyze the selection below. Fill in the table and answer the
given questions.
Phase Changes
Substances are capable of changing their physical phase when the conditions are
altered. One of the conditions that make the substances transform from one phase to another
is the change in temperature.
When a liquid is heated, the kinetic energy of its molecules are increased making the
particles move faster. Further heating may bring the liquid into its boiling point. Boiling point
is a temperature where the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure. For
example, water boils at 100 °C (212 °F) at sea level, but at 93.4 °C (200.1 °F) at 1,905 meters
(6,250 ft.) altitude. For a given pressure, different liquids will boil at different temperatures.
When enough kinetic energy is possessed by the liquid particles, they will break away from
their neighboring particles and will become gas. The change of phase from liquid to gas is
evaporation/vaporization.
When the temperature of a liquid is decreased, the kinetic energy of its particles is
also decreased. As a result, the liquid particles will contract or will move closer to each other
and may become solid when its temperature is lowered to or below its freezing point.
Freezing point is the temperature at which the liquid freezes or turns into solid. For example,
the freezing point of water at a pressure of one atmosphere is 0 0C (32 0F) while that of liquid
Nitrogen is -209.89 0C (-345.8 0F). All known liquids, except helium, freeze when the
temperature is low enough. (Liquid helium remains a liquid at atmospheric pressure even at
absolute zero, and can be solidified only under higher pressure.)The change of phase from
liquid to solid is known as solidification/freezing.
When solid substances are heated they generally change into liquid. This is because
the applied heat will increase the kinetic energy of the solid particles, they will break away
from their adjacent particles and possess liquid properties. Melting point is the temperature
at which the solid melts to become a liquid.. The melting point of solid oxygen, for example,
is -218.4oC. The change of phase from solid to liquid is called melting.
The particles of some solids turn into gas without passing the liquid phase. This
change is known as sublimation.

PHASE TEMPERATURE ENERGY (Released or

CHANGE(S) (Heating or Cooling) Absorbed)

Solid Liquid Melting Absorbed

Liquid Gas Heating
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Solid Gas Heating

Liquid Solid Freezing/
Released
Solidification
Solid Liquid Gas Absorbed

Questions:
1. Which phase change(s) involved the released of energy?
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Which phase change(s) involved the absorption of energy?
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What is the relationship between temperature (heating/cooling) and energy during a
phase change?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
B. Directions: Read the selection and answer the questions below on change of state.
This will help you understand the phase change diagram that follow.

Change of State
Have you seen an ice cream melt before you eat it? It9s an example of change of state.
The solid ice crystals in the ice cream melts when they change from the solid state to the
liquid state. When melting, enough energy is needed for solid ice to change into liquid water.
When liquid water is heated and allowed to boil, it reaches a temperature at which it changes
to bubbles of gas below its surface. For liquid to evaporate, the particles must have enough
energy to overcome the attractive forces that hold them together in the liquid phase.
According to the kinetic molecular theory, the particles of a solid or a liquid or a gas
have a distribution of different energies. The graph below shows that there is a minimum
energy required for particles of matter to change their state.

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Source: Manalo, Cynthia Eleonor et.al. 2007. Change of State, SCILINKS. Merryland
Publishing Co. pp 2-3

B. Questions:

1. What do the letters A, D and G represent?

A ___________________________
D ___________________________
G ___________________________
2. What do the letters B, C, E and F represent?
B ___________________________
C ___________________________
E ___________________________
F ___________________________
3. As A changes to D, is there a continuous increase in temperature? Explain.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

4. As D changes to A, is there a continuous decrease in temperature? Explain.

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

Activity 5: Graphing Change in Phase

A. Directions: Read and analyze the given graph. Use the data to answer what is
being asked on each item.

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At point A, the beginning of observations, the substance exists in a solid phase. With
each passing minute, _____________ is added to the substance. This causes the molecules
of the substance to ____________ more rapidly which we detect by a ________________
rise in the substance. At point B, the temperature of the substance is ______°C. The solid
begins to __________. At point C, the substance is completely ____________ or in a
___________ state. Material in this phase has _______________ volume and
_____________ shape. The
energy put to the substance between minutes 5 and 9 was used to convert the substance from
a ___________ to a ___________. This heat energy is called the latent heat of fusion.

Between 9 and 13 minutes, the added energy increases the ______________ of the
substance. During the time from point D to point E, the liquid is ___________. By point E,
the substance is completely in the __________ phase. Material in this phase has
_____________ volume and ___________ shape. The energy put to the substance between
minutes 13 and 18 converted the substance from a ___________ to a

___________ state. This heat energy is called the latent heat of vaporization. Beyond
point E, the substance is still in the ______________ phase, but the molecules are moving
_______________ as indicated by the increasing temperature.

B. Directions: Create a graph showing the phase change of water from a solid to a gas.
Plot the temperature and time in the given data. Place temperature in the Y-axis and
time in the x-axis
Temperature Time (Minutes) Temperature Time (Minutes)
(degrees Celsius) (degrees Celsius)

-2 0 32 11

-1 1 45 12

0 2 54 13

0 3 62 14

0 4 74 15

3 5 83 16

11 6 89 17

20 7 94 18

22 8 98 19

24 9 100 20

28 10 100 21

Source:
PhaseChangesWorksheetshttps://www.cusd80.com/cms/lib6/AZ01001175/Centricity/Domain/58
1/012213%20Phase%20Changes%20Worksheet%20KEY.pdf

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Rubric:

CRITERIA 4 3 2 1

Scale All numbers in Has 1 number Has 2-3 numbers All numbers in
the X and Y axes erroneously not properly scaled either X or Y axes
are properly scaled are not properly
scaled. scaled.

Label Graph has a Graph has a Graph has a title Graph does not
clear title and title and or labels for both have a title or
clear labels for labels for axes, or the unit labels for the
both axes, and both axes, the variable is axes.
the unit of and the unit measured in.
measure is the variable
clearly stated. is measured
in is
included.
Plotting of 5 data points are 4 data points 3 data points are 1-2 data points are
data points properly plotted. are properly properly plotted. properly plotted.
plotted.

Graph lines Lines were drawn 80% plotted Line that best fits A line is drawn
connecting all points were the data points is from one point to
plotted points properly properly drawn. another point.
graphed with
connecting
lines

Questions:

1. At what temperature did melting occur?

_______________________________________________________________________
2. At what temperature did vaporization occur?
_______________________________________________________________________
3. What causes phase changes in matter?
_______________________________________________________________________
4. What phase change would happen if the water vapor (gas) were cooled to 80 degrees?
_______________________________________________________________________

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Activity 6: Phase Changes in a MAZE!

Directions: Read and analyze the question on phase changes from the START button,
trace your answer from the correct concepts indicated. Keep going until you get to the
FINISH button.

STAT STAT
START STAT are STAT

Boiling point
Molecules Change
Metals What
loosely in the
liquids happens if
and FINISH arranged compo-
What are the sition there is a
three phases of gases phase
matter? change?

Ice, steam Heat

Solids, and water Gases energy is Temperature
Melting
liquids and Liquid
either and pressure
gases absorbed is altered
s or released

What STAT STAT STAT

Condensing

In which phase process is Which phase Const Why do

Solids involved when a ant
do atoms always has particles phase
and liquid turns to a tempe
each other? that are less- changes
liquids gas? rature
densely- occur?
and
packed press
ure

Solids Solids
Liquids Evaporation Solids Solids
only and Liquids
and gases
liquids

STAThas
Which STAT
The particles get bigger

In which phase
Why do WhichSTAT
phase
Liqui strong forces
do particles have has the lowest
but weaker Gas solids
the largest ds energy?
than the solid cannot be
quantity of
phase? easily
energy?
compressed

Solids Solid The particles

Gas Free Gas
Boiling
zing are close point
together

WhichSTAT
process WhatSTAT
Condensing

is the
Melting point

transforms STAT
Why solids term for Why are gases
liquids into temperature
do not move? Melting compressible?
solids? change at
which a liquid
Activity 7: PHET Simulation: turns
States
into a of Matter
gas?

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Activity 7: Particle Modelling

Directions: Use the particle model of the different phases of matter to help you
understand phase changes and the effect of temperature on the arrangement and
motion of the particles. Fill-in what is asked in the table.

Effect of Spaces
Temperature on between
Phase of Matter Phase change Process arrangement and Forces the
motion of the particles
particles
Solid (ice)

Liquid (water)

Gas (water vapor)

Reflection:
1. I learned that ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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