2023 SCIENCE All Region Question Papers

General Instructions for
: solution scan or click qr code
Read the following instructions very carefully and strictly follow them :
(i) This question paper comprises 39 questions. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) This question paper is divided into five sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii) Section A Questions No. 1 to 20 are multiple choice questions. Each question
carries 1 mark.
(iv) Section B Questions No. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions. Each
question carries 2 marks. Answer to these questions should be in the range of
30 to 50 words.
(v) Section C Questions No. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions. Each
question carries 3 marks. Answer to these questions should in the range of
50 to 80 words.
(vi) Section D Questions No. 34 to 36 are long answer type questions. Each
80 to 120 words.
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(vii) Section E Questions No. 37 to 39 are of 3 source-based/case-based units of

assessment carrying 4 marks each with sub-parts.
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(viii) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in
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some sections. Only one of the alternatives has to be attempted in such

questions.
SECTION A
This section has 20 multiple choice questions (Q.No. 1 20). All questions are
compulsory. 20 1=20
1. In the electrolysis of water, if the mass of the gas collected at the anode is
ma and the mass of the gas collected at the cathode is mc, the value of
(mc/ma) is :
(a) 8 (b) 16
1 1
(c) (d)
16 8
2. for solution
Consider the following scan
substances : or click qr code
(i) Acidified K2Cr2O7
(ii) Alkaline KMnO4
(iii) Oxygen
(iv) Hydrogen
Out of these, the commonly used oxidising agents are :
(a) (i) and (ii) only
(b) (ii) and (iii) only
(c) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i), (ii) and (iv)
3. Select from the following compounds which is not a base :

(a) Sodium hydroxide /1 M
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(b) Calcium hydroxide

(c) Sodium sulphate
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20
(d) Zinc oxide
4. 2 g of yellow sulphur powder is burnt in a china dish and the fumes are
collected in a test tube. Water is added in the test tube and the solution is
tested separately with blue and red litmus paper. The correct option is :
(a) Blue litmus remains blue and red litmus turns blue.
(b) Blue litmus turns red and red litmus remains red.
(c) Blue litmus turns red and red litmus turns blue.
(d) Blue litmus remains blue and red litmus remains red.
5. Which one of the following metals is malleable and a poor conductor of

electricity ?
(a) Copper (b) Zinc
(c) Lead (d) Silver
6. You want to test for solutionofscan
for hardness orbut
water click
hardqrwater
codeis not available in
the laboratory. Which of the following compounds may be dissolved in

pure water to make it hard ?
(i) Hydrogen Carbonate of Sodium
(ii) Sulphate of Magnesium
(iii) Chloride of Calcium
(iv) Carbonate of Sodium
(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)
7. Which one of the following properties of Carbon is not responsible for its
formation of large number of compounds ?
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(a) Tetravalency
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(b) Isomerism
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(c) Allotropy
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(d) Catenation
8. Which one of the following molecules is produced initially when glucose

breaks down in the cytoplasm of a cell in aerobic as well as anaerobic
respiration ?
(a) Lactic acid (b) Ethanol
(c) Carbon dioxide (d) Pyruvate
9. As compared to daytime, the amount of carbon dioxide released by the

plants during night is more because :
(a) It is not produced during daytime.
(b) It is stored in the leaves of plants during daytime.
(c) Major amount of carbon dioxide produced is used up for
photosynthesis during daytime.
(d) Plants do not respire during daytime.
10. The organism in for solution
which scan or
an outgrowth on click qr code
the parent body develops into a
new individual is :
(a) Amoeba (b) Paramecium
(c) Rhizopus (d) Yeast
11. In a cross between pure tall pea plants (TT) and pure dwarf pea plants
(tt) the offsprings of F1 generation were all tall. When F1 generation was
self-crossed, the gene combinations of the offsprings of F2 generation will
be :
(a) TT : Tt : tt (b) TT : tt
(c) Tt : tt (d) TT : Tt
12. When an object is placed beyond 2F of a convex lens, the nature of the
image formed is :
(a) Real, inverted and diminished
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(b) Real, erect and magnified
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(c) Virtual, erect and magnified

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(d) Real, inverted and magnified

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13. When a narrow beam of white light passes through a glass prism it splits
into its component colours ? This phenomenon is called :
(a) Diffusion of light
(b) Total reflection of light
(c) Scattering of light
(d) Dispersion of light
14. A material used for making heating elements of electrical heating devices
should have :
(a) High resistivity and high melting point.
(b) High resistivity and low melting point.
(c) Low resistivity and high melting point.
(d) Low resistivity and low melting point.
15. The resistance of for
a wire does not
solution scan or click
depend on its :qr code
(a) Length
(b) Area of cross-section
(c) Shape
(d) Material
16. The shape of magnetic field lines produced (i) inside a solenoid
(ii) around a straight conductor, both carrying current of the same
magnitude are, respectively :
(a) (i) straight, (ii) circular
(b) (i) circular, (ii) circular
(c) (i) straight, (ii) straight
(d) (i) circular, (ii) straight

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For Questions number 17 to 20, two statements are given one labelled as
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Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct
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answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
17. Assertion (A) : In the reaction, Na2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2NaCl,

sodium chloride is precipitated.
Reason (R) : When an aqueous solution is added to another aqueous

solution, an insoluble substance is formed, which is called
precipitate.
18. Assertion (A) : A for solution
hormone calledscan or click
abscisic qr code
acid inhibits growth in plants.
Reason (R) : The role of auxins is opposite to that of abscisic acid in

plants.
19. Assertion (A) : Each human trait is influenced by both paternal and
maternal DNA.
Reason (R) : As compared to the father, the mother contributes more
amount of genetic material to the child.
20. Assertion (A) : A rainbow is an artificial spectrum of white light

appearing in the sky after a rain shower.
Reason (R) : The water droplets act like small prisms.
SECTION B
21. (a)
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hot water,
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b
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all. Identify the metals A , B , C and D . 2
OR
(b) When two compounds namely sodium chloride and calcium
chloride are heated directly, one by one on the flame of a burner,
they impart different colours to the flame.
(i) Name the colour imparted by (1) sodium chloride and

(2) calcium chloride.
(ii) Are these compounds soluble in organic solvents such as

kerosene or petrol ? Justify your answer. 2
22. Name the glands which add their secretions to the sperms. List two
function of these secretions. 2
23. for solution scan or click qr code
2
24. (a) Find the magnification of the image formed by a spherical mirror
from the following data :
u = 20 cm, f = 15 cm. 2
OR
(b) Draw a labelled ray diagram for the image formation by a concave
mirror when an object is placed between its centre of curvature
and focus. 2
25. What will happen if an electric oven of rating 3 kW; 220 V is operated in
a domestic electric circuit (220 V) that has a current rating of 10 A ? Give
reason to justify your answer. 2
26. (a) State any one advantage of using cloth bags over plastic bags.
(b) List any two methods by which the solid wastes generated in
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urban areas can be safely disposed off. 2

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SECTION C
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27. What is photosynthesis ? Name the organelle and the organs in which
photosynthesis takes place. Where does the oxygen liberated come from
during this process ? What happens to the carbohydrates which are not
immediately used by the plant ? 3
28. (a) An organic compound X when reacts with sodium liberates

hydrogen. The same compound X when heated at 443 K in the
presence of concentrated sulphuric acid gives an unsaturated
hydrocarbon.
(i) Identify X
(ii) Write the chemical equations for the above mentioned
reactions and state the role of concentrated sulphuric acid in
the second reaction. 3
OR
for solution scan or click qr code
(b) (i) Why are carbon compounds exceptionally stable ?
(ii) Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated

compounds. Give structures of both the types of compounds
having three carbon atoms in their molecules. 3
29. (a) Give the structure and function of alveoli in human respiratory
system.
(b) What is meant by residual volume of air in the lungs ? 3
30. Write any two ways by which plants obtain carbon dioxide. What causes
the opening and closing of the stomata ? 3
31. What is Tyndall effect ? Give two examples where this phenomenon is
observed. Give reason to explain this phenomenon. 3
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32. (a) (i) Differentiate between a solenoid and a circular coil.

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(ii) Explain how a solenoid can be made in a school laboratory.
(iii) Write one use of the strong magnetic field produced inside a
current carrying solenoid. 3
OR
(b) With the help of a labelled circuit diagram, illustrate the pattern of
the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field produced around a
straight current carrying conductor. Explain how, with the help of
right-hand thumb rule, we can determine and mark the direction
of magnetic field lines due to a current. 3
33. Define trophic levels. At which trophic level do we find (i) secondary and
(ii) tertiary consumers in a food chain ? What will happen if all the
organisms of a trophic level die ? Give reasons to justify your answer. 3
for solutionSECTION D
scan or click qr code
34. (a) (i) An aqueous solution turns blue litmus red. Which of the
following solutions when added in excess would reverse the
change ?
(1) Lemon juice
(2) Magnesium hydroxide
(3) Vinegar
(4) Calcium sulphate
(ii) Out of the following, which compound/compounds will turn

the phenolphthalein solution pink ?
(1) CH3COOH
(2) Ca(OH)2
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(3) HCl
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(4) NaOH
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(iii) Name a gas whose aqueous solution is basic. Write the

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formula/name of this solution.
(iv) A basic substance is used to treat a honey-bee sting. Why ?
(v) Name the acid which is present in (1) Tomato and

(2) Tamarind. 5
OR
(b) (i) Define water of crystallisation.
(ii) Write the chemical name and formula of a compound having

water of crystallisation in its molecule and appears blue.
(iii) Write the chemical formula of bleaching powder. Write a

balanced chemical equation of the reaction involved in its
preparation. List its three uses. 5
35. (a) (i) Name the parts in the human female reproductive system
where the following functions take place :
(1) Maturation of eggs
(2) Fusion of the egg and the sperm
(3) Implantation of the zygote
(ii) What happens to the egg

(1) when it is fertilised ?
(2) when it is not fertilised ? 3+2=5
OR
(b) (i) Explain by giving one example each :

(1) Unisexual flowers
(2) Bisexual flowers
(ii) Name the labelled parts A, B, C and D in the diagram given
below.
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A
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B
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(iii)
justify this statement. 5

36. (a) The commercial unit of electric energy is commonly known as
actual name and establish the relationship between
this unit and the SI unit of energy.
(b) The current rating of a circuit is 1·0 A. How many LED lamps of
power rating 8 W; 220 V can safely be used simultaneously in this
circuit ? 5
SECTION E
The following questions are source-based/case-based questions. Read the case

carefully and answer the questions that follow.
37. The iron pillar in Qutab Minar complex in Delhi was built 1600 years
ago. It is still standing intact and shows no signs of rusting even today.
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This shows that the ancient metallurgists of India in those times had
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fully developed metallurgical processes as well as the techniques of

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protection of different metals. The protection of metals, was done by

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several processes like coating of a thin film of another metal, alloying etc.
(a) Where is iron placed in the reactivity series of metals ? Write the
form/forms in which its ores are found in nature. 1
(b) Differentiate between roasting and calcination. 1
(c) Explain any two methods that are employed to prevent

rusting/corrosion of metals. 2
OR
(c) Why is aluminium used to join railway tracks or the cracked

machine parts of iron ? Write a balanced chemical equation for
the reaction which occurs. 2
38. In animals the control and coordination is provided by nervous and
muscular tissues. Nervous tissue is made of an organized network of
nerve cells or neurons. In human beings, thinking is a complex activity
which involves more complex mechanisms and neural connections. These
are concentrated in the brain which is the main coordinating centre of the
human body. The brain and spinal cord constitute the Central Nervous
System which receives information from all parts of the body and
integrates it.
(a) How is the brain protected from shocks and injuries ? 1
(b) Write the main functions of (i) sensory neuron and (ii) motor
neuron in a reflex arc. 1
(c) Which part of the brain is involved in activities like (i) picking a
pencil and (ii) vomiting ? State whether these actions are
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voluntary or involuntary. 2
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OR
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(c) How does the central nervous system communicate with other
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parts of the body to carry out various activities ? Name two

components of this system. 2
39. When a ray of light moving in a medium enters obliquely into another
medium, it bends from its path. This phenomenon is called refraction of
light. The ability of a medium to refract light is also expressed in terms of
optical density. It is not the same as mass density. We use the terms
r
that the refractive index of medium A is more than the refractive index of
medium. Thus a ray of light travelling from a rarer medium to a denser

medium slows down and bends towards the normal.
(a) Define the term absolute refractive index of a medium. 1
4 3
(b) Absolute refractive indices of water and glass are and
3 2
respectively.
(i) In which one of the two media is the speed of light more ?
(ii) If a ray of light enters obliquely from glass to water, will it

bend towards the normal or away from the normal ? 1
4 3
(c) The absolute refractive indices of water and glass are and
3 2
respectively. If the speed of light in glass is 2 8
10 m/s, find the
speed of light in (i) water and (ii) vacuum. 2
OR /1 M
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(c)
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any medium emerges parallel to

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diagram to justify this statement. 2

General Instructions :
(i) This question paper comprises 39 questions. All questions are
compulsory.
(iii) Section A Questions No. 1 to 20 are Multiple Choice Questions.
Each question carries 1 mark.
(iv) Section B Questions No. 21 to 26 are Very Short Answer type
questions. Each question carries 2 marks. Answer to these questions
should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
(v) Section C Questions No. 27 to 33 are Short Answer type
should in the range of 50 to 80 words.
(vi) Section D Questions No. 34 to 36 are Long Answer type
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(vii) Section E Questions No. 37 to 39 are of 3 Source-based/Case-
(B CO
based units of assessment carrying 4 marks each with sub-parts.
23
(viii) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been

20
provided in some sections. Only one of the alternatives has to be

31
attempted in such questions.
SECTION A
This section has 20 Multiple Choice Questions (Q.No. 1 20). All
questions are compulsory. 20 1=20
1. In order to balance the following chemical equation, the values
of x and y respectively are :
3Fe + x H2O Fe3O4 + y H2
(a) 2, 2 (b) 4, 2
(c) 2, 4 (d) 4, 4
2. The aqueous solution of which one of the following salts will
have pH more than seven ?
(a) NH4Cl (b) NaCl
(c) Na2CO3 (d) NaNO3
3. Triple covalentfor
bond is found in :
solution scan or click qr code
(a) C6H6 (b) C2H4

(c) C3H4 (d) CH3CHO
4. Which of the following oxide(s) is/are soluble in water to form

alkali/alkalies ?
(i) SO2
(ii) Na2O
(iii) NO2
(iv) K2O
(a) (ii) and (iv) (b) Only (iii)

(c) (i), (ii) and (iv) ) M
(d) Only (iv)
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5. Carbon dioxide gas is not produced when hydrochloric acid

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reacts with :
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(a) Limestone (b) Lime water

(c) Baking Soda (d) Marble
6. In the process of galvanisation of iron, the metal used for the

coating over iron is :
(a) Aluminium (b) Gallium
(c) Zinc (d) Lead
O
7. The carbon compound having C functional group is :
H
(a) Propanal (b) Propanone
(c) Propyne (d) Propanol

The inner lining of stomach is protected from hydrochloric acid
by :
(a) Bile (b) Mucus
(c) Pepsin (d) Saliva
9. Select the correct statement from the following :

(a) Trypsin digests proteins, whereas lipase digests
carbohydrates.
(b) Trypsin digests carbohydrates, whereas lipase digests
proteins.
(c) Trypsin digests emulsified fats, whereas lipase digests
proteins.
(d) Trypsin digests proteins, whereas lipase digests
emulsified fats. ) M
(B CO
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10. Spinal cord originates from :

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(a) Cerebellum (b) Pons

(c) Hypothalamus (d) Medulla
11. Select the mismatched pair :

(a) Adrenal gland Adrenaline
(b) Thyroid gland Thyroxin
(c) Pituitary gland Insulin
(d) Ovary Estrogen
12. Select from the following, a disease which is not transmitted

sexually :
(a) Gonorrhoea (b) Tuberculosis
(c) HIV-AIDS (d) Syphilis
Potential difference can also be represented as :
(a) Work done
Charge
(b) Work done Charge
(c) Work done Charge Time
(d) Work done Charge
Time
14. Two LED bulbs of 12 W and 6 W are connected in series. If the

current flowing through 6 W bulbs is 0 005 A, the current that
flows through 12 W bulb is :
(a) 0 005 A (b) 0 01 A
(c) 0 0025 A ) M(d) 0 02 A
(B CO
15. According to the International colour coding, wires used in

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20
electrical appliances which require earthing are :

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(a) Live is brown; Neutral is blue and Earth is black

(b) Live is brown; Neutral is blue and Earth is green
(c) Live is red; Neutral is green and Earth is blue
(d) Live is red; Neutral is green and Earth is black
16. From a power station, the power is transmitted to distant

places in the form of AC at a very high voltage because :
(a) electricity is less dangerous at high voltages.
(b) electricity is generated at high voltage.
(c) transmission is faster at high voltage.
(d) at high voltage, the loss of energy during transmission is
less.
For Questions number 17 to 20, two statements are given one
labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R).

Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a),
(b), (c) and (d) as given below.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason
(R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason
(R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
17. Assertion (A) : Ethyne is widely used for cutting and welding
iron and steel.
Reason (R) : Ethyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon
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involving carbon-to-carbon triple bond.
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18. Assertion (A) : ATP is the energy currency for most of the
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cellular processes.
Reason (R) : Endothermic processes in the cell use ATP to
carry out reactions.
19. Assertion (A) : Pancreas produces a hormone called insulin.

Reason (R) : Insulin increases the blood sugar level in the
human body.
20. Assertion (A) : A current carrying straight solenoid, when

suspended freely rests in geographical
north-south direction.
Reason (R) : Earth behaves as a huge magnet which has
the north pole towards the geographical south,
whereas the current carrying solenoid behaves
like a bar magnet.
SECTION B
21. Give one example each of the reaction in which :
(a) (i) a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal

from its aqueous salt solution and the colour of the
solution changes.
(ii) an insoluble precipitate is formed. 2
OR
(b) When a zinc plate is dipped in ferrous sulphate solution
for some time, it is observed that the pale green colour of
the solution disappears. ) M
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(i) Explain the observation.

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20
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(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction taking

place. 2
22. Name the site of complete digestion in the human body and
write the name of the end products formed of
(i) carbohydrates, (ii) fats, and (iii) proteins. 2
23. Give an example of a plant hormone that promotes growth.

Explain how this hormone promotes the growth of tendril
around a support. 2
24. Pancreas has dual nature. Justify this statement with an

example. 2
25. (a) A student cannot see distinctly the charts hanging in the
science laboratory. Name the defect of vision he/she is
suffering from. List two causes of this defect. Suggest the
type of lenses for the modification of this defect. 2
OR
(b) A person cannot see distinctly the objects placed at the
least distance of distinct vision for a normal eye.
However, he can easily read a newspaper by placing it at
a distance of 40 cm from his eyes. Name the defect of
vision in this case. List its two causes. Suggest the type
of lenses for his spectacles. 2
26. Name two non-biodegradable substances. In the following food

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chain, maximum concentration of harmful non-biodegradable
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chemicals was found in the bodies of hawks. Why ?

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Grass Rabbits Snakes Hawks 2
SECTION C
27. Consider the types of reaction mentioned below in (i) and (ii) :
(i) AB + C2B A(BC)2
(ii) ABO3 AO + BO2
(a) Identify the types of reactions mentioned in the chemical

equations (i) and (ii).
(b) Give one example for each type of reaction in the form of
word equation or chemical equation. 3
28. You have three test tubes containing three colourless liquids,
say conc. sulphuric acid, conc. solution of sodium hydroxide
and conc. solution of sodium sulphate. You also have strips of
pH paper.
(a) How would identify these three liquids using pH paper

strips ?
(b) Which two liquids, when mixed together in proper

quantities can form a neutral salt solution ?
(c) Write the chemical equation for the reaction that will
occur between the two liquids mixed in (b). 3
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29. (a) List three events that occur during the process of
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photosynthesis in plants. 3
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OR
(b) What is lymph ? How is lymph different from blood

plasma in composition ? List two functions of lymph. 3
30. A candle flame is placed at a distance of 18 cm from the optical

centre of a convex lens. If its image is formed on a screen
placed at a distance of 36 cm from the lens, answer the
following questions :
(a) What is the magnification of the image formed ?

(b) What is the focal length of the lens ? Use the Lens
Formula to determine it. 3
31. (a) Define the following terms in the context of spherical
mirrors :
(i) Pole
(ii) Centre of curvature
(iii) Principal axis
(iv) Principal focus
(b) An object is placed at a distance of 60 cm from the pole of
a concave mirror. If its real and inverted image is formed
on a screen placed at a distance of 60 cm in front of the
mirror, what is the focal length of the mirror ? Give
justification for your answer. 3
32. (a) State Ohm s law. List two factors on which the resistance
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of a cylindrical conductor at a given temperature
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depends. A wire was drawn into a wire of double its
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length by melting it. If the resistance of the old wire was

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R, what is the resistance of the new wire ? 3

OR
(b) (i) Write the formula for finding the value of the
equivalent resistance of three resistors of resistance
R1, R2 and R3, when the resistors are connected in
(i) series, and (ii) parallel.
(ii) List two advantages of connecting electrical devices
in parallel with the source of electricity instead of
connecting them in series. 3
33. Define ecosystem. List two artificial (man-made) ecosystems.
Natural ecosystems like forests and lakes do not require
regular cleaning, whereas the artificial ecosystems start giving
foul smell if not cleaned regularly. Why ? 3
SECTION D
34. (a) Write the molecular formula of methane and ethane,

stating the general formula of the homologous series to
which these compounds belong. What is the difference in
the molecular mass in between the two successive
members of a homologous series ?
(b) Write the name and molecular formula of an alcohol
having two carbon atoms in its molecule. Write balanced
chemical equation to indicate what happens when this
compound is heated at 443 K with excess conc. H2SO4.
Name the main product formed in the reaction stating
the function of conc. H2SO4 in the reaction. 5
OR
(a) How do the following conversions take place ? Write
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(B CO
chemical equation for each :
(i) Ethanol to Ethanoic acid
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(ii) Ethene to Ethane

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(b) Give one example each with chemical equation for the
following reactions :
(i) Combustion reaction
(ii) Substitution reaction
(iii) Saponification reaction 5
35. (a) What is regeneration ? Which types of cells are used by
such multicellular organisms to regenerate ? Name the
organism which exhibits this process.
(b) State one function of each of the following parts of the
human male reproductive system :
(i) Vas deferens
(ii) Testes
(iii) Prostate glands 5
OR
(a) What is meant by pollination ? Name and differentiate
between the two types of pollination.
(b) What happens to the pollen which falls on a suitable
stigma ?
(c) Mention the post-fertilisation changes that occur in
(i) Ovary and (ii) Ovule in the flower. 5
36. (a) What is a solenoid ? When a current is passed through a

long, hollow and straight solenoid, a magnetic field is
produced. Where is the strength of the magnetic field
produced maximum and what is the pattern of the
magnetic field at this place ?
(b) State Fleming s Left Hand Rule. Apply this rule to solve
the following problem :
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A straight conductor is placed in east-west direction in a
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uniform magnetic field. If on passing current from east to
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west, the conductor moves towards north, what is the

20
direction of magnetic field ? 5

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SECTION E
Q.No. 37 to 39 are Source-based/Case-based questions with
3 sub-parts. Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.
37. When a ray of light moving in a medium enters obliquely in

another medium, it bends from its path. This phenomenon is
called refraction of light. The ability of a medium to refract
light is expressed in terms of optical density. The term optical
density is not the same as mass density. If we compare two
optical media, the one with the larger absolute refractive index
is an optically denser medium than the other. Also, the speed
of light through a given medium is inversely proportional to its
optical density.
(a) Define the term absolute refractive index of a medium. 1
(b) Refractive indices of glass, water and carbon disulphide
are 1 50, 1 33 and 1 62 respectively. In which one of these
media is the speed of light (i) highest, and (ii) lowest ? 1
(c) (i) The absolute refractive indices of glass and water
are 3/2 and 4/3 respectively. If the speed of light in
water is 2 25 108 m/s, find the speed of light in (I)
vacuum, and (II) glass. 2
OR
(ii) The absolute refractive indices of glass and water
are 3/2 and 4/3 respectively. Find the refractive
index of water with respect to glass. 2
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38. The melting points and the boiling points of ionic compounds
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are comparatively much higher than that of the covalent

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31
compounds. The ionic compounds are so called because they

are formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a
non-metal. In the ionic compounds, the transfer of electrons
from one element to the other is controlled by their electronic
configurations. It is because every element tends to attain a
completely filled valence shell of its nearest noble gas or a
stable octet.
(a) The atomic number of sodium is 11. Write its electronic
configuration and state the number of electrons it can
lose to have a stable octet. 1
(b) The atomic number of chlorine is 17. Write its electronic
configuration. Name the nearest noble gas whose octet
chlorine will attain after gaining one electron. 1
(c) (i) Show the formation of MgO by the transfer of
electrons. The atomic numbers of magnesium and
oxygen are 12 and 8 respectively. 2
OR
(ii) Write the symbols and names of the anion and the
cation present in the aqueous solution of the
following compounds :
(I) Sodium chloride
(II) Potassium nitrate 2
39. Besides heart, the human circulatory system consists of a

network of closed branching blood vessels and the blood that
circulates continuously in all parts of the human body. The
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human heart is a muscular organ which is as big as our fist. It
(B CO
has four chambers two upper chambers called atria and two
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lower chambers called ventricles. The right side of the human

20
heart is separated from the left side by a dividing wall, which

31
is known as septum.
(a) Name the smallest blood vessel and state its role in the
circulation of blood. 1
(b) Write the importance of platelets in the human blood. 1
(c) (i) Write in tabular form, two differences between an
artery and a vein. 2
OR
(ii) Why is blood circulation in the human heart called

double circulation ? Explain. 2
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General Instructionsfor
: solution scan or click qr code
carries 1 mark.
30 to 50 words.
50 to 80 words.
80 to 120 words. /1 N
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20

questions.
SECTION A
compulsory. 20 1=20
1. Which of the following is an example of endothermic process ?
(a) Formation of slaked lime
(b) Decomposition of vegetable matter into compost
(c) Dissolution of ammonium chloride in water
(d) Digestion of food in our body

2. In the given experimental set-up, if the experiment is carried out
separately with each of the following solutions the cases in which the
bulb will glow is/are :
Solution
(i) Dilute hydrochloric acid

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(ii) Dilute sulphuric acid

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(iii) Glucose solution

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(iv) Alcohol
20
(a) (i) only

(b) (ii) only
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
3. In order to balance the following chemical equation, the values of the

coefficients x and y respectively are :
Heat
x Pb(NO3)2 2 PbO + y NO2 + O2
(a) 2, 4 (b) 2, 2
(c) 2, 3 (d) 4, 2
4. When zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide, the product formed is :

(a) Sodium oxide (b) Sodium zincate
(c) Zinc hydroxide (d) Zinc oxide
5. Among the following, the metal with lowest density is :
(a) Lithium (b) Lead
(c) Magnesium (d) Aluminium
6. The number of electrons in the outermost shell of the atom of a non-metal

can be :
(a) 1, 2 or 3 (b) 3, 4 or 5
(c) 5, 6 or 7 (d) 5, 6 or 8
7. The total number of electrons shared in the formation of an ethyne

molecule is :
(a) 6 (b) 3
(c) 10 (d) 4
8. Sphincter muscles are present at the exit of :

(a) Stomach and small intestine
(b) Stomach and anus /1 N
(c) Small intestine and large intestine
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(d) Oesophagus and stomach

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9. In the following diagram, identify the cells through which massive

20
amounts of gaseous exchange takes place for photosynthesis :
II
III
IV
(a) I (b) IV
(c) III (d) II
10. During vigorous exercise, the occurrence of cramps in the outer muscles
of an athlete is due to the conversion of pyruvate to :
(a) Glucose (b) Ethanol
(c) Lactic acid (d) Lactose
11. Plants which bear unisexual flowers are :

(a) Mustard and Papaya
(b) Hibiscus and Watermelon
(c) Mustard and Hibiscus
(d) Watermelon and Papaya
12.
following combination of chromosomes :
(a) 44 + XX (b) 44 + XY
(c) 22 + XX (d) 22 + XY
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13. An object is placed in front of a convex mirror at infinity. According to the
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New Cartesian Sign Convention, the sign of the focal length and the sign
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of the image distance in this case are respectively :

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(a) +, (b) ,+
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(c) , (d) +,+
14. For v
we show the arrangement of different circuit components. We find that
with respect to the resistor, the :
(a) ammeter is connected in parallel and the voltmeter in series.
(b) ammeter is connected in series and the voltmeter in parallel.
(c) ammeter and voltmeter are both connected in series.
(d) ammeter and voltmeter are both connected in parallel.
15. In a resistive circuit if the current is increased to two times, the

percentage change in the amount of heat dissipated in the circuit would
be :
(a) 400% (b) 300%
(c) 200% (d) 100%
16. A positron enters a uniform magnetic field at right angles to it as shown.
The direction of force experienced by the positron will be :
Positron
Magnetic field
(a) to the right

(b) to the left
(c) into the page
(d) out of the page
For Questions number 17 to 20, two statements are given one labelled as
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Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct
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answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
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20

17. Assertion (A) : Sodium oxide is an amphoteric oxide.

Reason (R) : Metal oxides which react with both acids as well as bases
are known as amphoteric oxides.
18. Assertion (A) : When a bacterium divides into two, and the resultant two
bacteria divide again, the four bacteria produced would be
almost similar.
Reason (R) : DNA copying involves small inaccuracies in the
reproduction process.
19. Assertion (A) : A person suffering from myopia cannot see the distant
objects clearly.
Reason (R) : A converging lens is used for the correction of myopic eye
as it can form real as well as virtual images of the objects
placed in front of it.
20. Assertion (A) : Magnetic field lines do not intersect each other.
Reason (R) : Magnetic field lines are imaginary lines, the tangent to
which at any point gives the direction of the field at that
point.
SECTION B
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21. (a) What is observed when aqueous solutions of potassium iodide and
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lead nitrate are mixed together ? Name the type of reaction and
23
write the chemical equation for the reaction that occurs. 2

20
OR
(b) When copper powder is heated in a watch glass, a black substance
is formed.
(i) Why is this black substance formed ? Name it.
(ii) How can this black substance be reversed to its original

form ? 2
22. (a) Why is it important to prevent oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

from mixing in birds and mammals ?
(b) Which animals can tolerate some mixing of the oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood streams ? On what factor does the body
temperature of these animals depend ? 2
23. Mendel crossed a pure tall pea plant (TT) with a pure short pea plant (tt)
and obtained all tall plants in F1 generation.
(a) What is the gene combination present in the plants of F1
generation ?
(b) Give reason why only tall plants are observed in F1 progeny.
(c) What will be the ratio of the plants obtained in the F2 generation
when F1 plants are self-pollinated ? 2
24. (a) When and where does a rainbow appear in the sky ? Draw a
labelled ray diagram to show its formation. 2
OR
(b) What is scattering of light ? Why does the clear sky appear blue ?
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25. V I graph for two conducting wires A and B are as shown. If both wires
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are of the same length and same diameter, which of the two is made of a
20
material of high resistivity ? Give reasons to justify your answer. 2
26. We do not clean ponds or lakes but an aquarium needs to be cleaned

regularly. Why ? 2
for solution SECTION C
27. Silver chloride kept in a china dish turns grey in sunlight.
(a) Write the colour of silver chloride when it was kept in the china
dish.
(b) Name the type of chemical reaction taking place and write the
chemical equation for the reaction.
(c) State one use of the reaction. Name one more chemical which can
be used for the same purpose. 3
28. With the help of suitable chemical equations, list the two main
differences between roasting and calcination. How is metal reduced from
the product obtained after roasting/calcination of the ore ? Write the
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chemical equation for the reaction involved. 3
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29. (a) (i) What is the first step in the breakdown of glucose during
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aerobic and anaerobic respiration ? Where does it take

place ?
(ii) ATP is called the energy currency of the cell. Why ?
(iii) What is meant by residual volume of air in a breathing

cycle ? 3
OR
(b) Write in sequence the steps for experimental verification of the fact
that sunlight is essential for photosynthesis . 3
30. Name the hormone released and the gland which secretes it in human
beings during scary situations. How does the body respond to enable it to
deal with the situation ? 3
31. (a) A student has focussed the image of an object of height 3 cm on a
white screen using a concave mirror of focal length 12 cm. If the
distance of the object from the mirror is 18 cm, find the values of
the following :
(i) Distance of the image from the mirror
(ii) Height of the image 3
OR
(b) Define power of a lens. The focal length of a lens is 10 cm. Write
the nature of the lens and find its power. If an object is placed at a
distance of 20 cm from the optical centre of this lens, according to
the New Cartesian Sign Convention, what will be the sign of
magnification in this case ? 3
32. Explain the meaning of overloading of an electrical circuit. List two

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possible causes due to which overloading may occur in household circuits.
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Write one preventive measure that should be taken to avoid overloading

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of domestic circuits. 3
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33. Explain how some harmful chemicals enter our bodies through the food
chain. Why is the concentration of these harmful chemicals found to be
maximum in human beings ? 3
SECTION D
34. (a) he presence
ium ethanoate.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved and name it,
giving justification for the name. 5
OR
(b) (i) Name the simplest saturated hydrocarbon. Draw its electron
dot structure. Which type of bonds exist in this compound ?
(ii) Name any two mixtures of the carbon compound used as a

fuel in daily life, of which the above mentioned compound is
an important component.
(iii) In which homologous series of carbon compounds can this

compound be placed ? Write the general formula of the
series.
(iv) Which type of flame is produced on burning it ? 5
35. (a) (i) List three points of difference between nervous and
hormonal mechanisms for control and coordination in
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animals.
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(ii) How are auxins related with the bending of plant shoot
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towards unidirectional light ? Explain. 5

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OR
(b) (i) Name the disorder which a person is likely to suffer from
due to the following :
(I) Over-secretion of growth hormone
(II) Deficiency of oestrogen in females
(III) Less secretion of thyroxine

Also name the gland that secretes each of the hormones
mentioned above.
(ii) How is the timing and amount of hormone released

regulated ? Explain with the help of an example. 5
36. (a) An object is placed in front of a convex lens of focal length f. If the
distance of the object from the lens is 2f, draw a ray diagram to
show the formation of the image. Write the value of magnification
in this case.
(b) A student has focussed the image of a candle flame on a white

screen using a convex lens. The situation is as given below :
Length of the flame = 2 cm
Focal length of the lens = 12 cm
Distance of the flame from the lens = 16 cm
If the flame is perpendicular to the principal axis of the lens,
calculate the values of the following :
(i) Distance of the image from the lens
(ii) Length of the image formed 5
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SECTION E
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37. The teacher while conducting practicals in the laboratory divided the
students into three groups and gave them various solutions to find out
their pH and classify them into acidic, basic and neutral solutions.
Group A Lemon juice, vinegar, colourless aerated drink
Group B Tomato juice, coffee, ginger juice
Group C Sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, lime water
(a) For the solutions provided, which group is/are likely to have pH
value (i) less than 7, and (ii) greater than 7 ? 1
(b) List two ways of determining pH of a solution 1

(c) Explain, why the sour substances such as lemon juice are effective
in cleaning the tarnished copper vessels. 2
OR
(c)
by giving two examples. 2
38. All the reproductive methods of living organisms are broadly categorized
into two types : 1. Asexual reproduction, and 2. Sexual reproduction.
Asexual reproduction involves the participation of a single parent

without the formation of gametes, fertilisation and transfer of genetic
material. This method is a common means of rapidly increasing
offsprings under favourable conditions.
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(a) Name the type of fission that occurs in Leishmania and

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Plasmodium. 1
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(b) Write one advantage of sexual mode of reproduction over asexual

reproduction. 1
(c) Give reasons why :
(i) Colonies of yeast fail to multiply in water but multiply in

sugar solution.
(ii) Rhizopus individuals do not grow on a dry slice of bread. 2
OR
(c) Name the filamentous structures a student could identify when he

collected water from a pond that appeared dark green. How do
these organisms multiply ? Explain. 2
39. Consider the following electrical circuit diagram in which nine identical
resistors of 3 each are connected as shown. If the reading of the
ammeter A1 is 1 ampere, answer the following questions :
(a) What is the relationship between the readings of A1 and A3 ? Give

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reasons for your answer. 1
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(b) What is the relationship between the readings of A2 and A3 ? 1

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(c) Determine the reading of the voltmeter V1. 2

20
OR
(c) Find the total resistance of the circuit. 2

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS for solution
: scan or click qr code
Read the following instructions very carefully and follow them :
(i) This question paper consists of 39 questions. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Question paper is divided into FIVE sections – Section A, B, C, D and E.
(iii) In section A – question number 1 to 20 are multiple choice questions (MCQs) carrying
1 mark each.
(iv) In section B – question number 21 to 26 are very short answer (VSA) type questions carrying
2 marks each. Answer to these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
(v) In section C – question number 27 to 33 are short answer (SA) type questions carrying
3 marks each. Answer to these questions should in the range of 50 to 80 words.
(vi) In section D – question number 34 to 36 are long answer (LA) type questions carrying
5 marks each. Answer to these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
(vii) In section E – question number 37 to 39 are of 3 source based/case based units of
(viii) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in some sections.
SECTION – A
(Multiple Choice Questions)
1. When Sodium bicarbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid, the gas
evolved is : 1
(a) Hydrogen; it gives pop sound with burning match stick.
(b) Hydrogen; it turns lime water milky.
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(c) Carbon dioxide; it turns lime water milky.

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(d) Carbon dioxide; it blows off a burning match stick with a pop sound.
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2. When aqueous solutions of potassium iodide and lead nitrate are mixed, an
23
insoluble substance separates out. The chemical equation for the reaction
involved is : 1
20
(a) KI + PbNO3 PbI + KNO3

(b) 2KI + Pb(NO3)2 PbI2 + 2KNO3
(c) KI + Pb(NO3)2 PbI + KNO3
(d) KI + PbNO3 PbI2 + KNO3
3. A metal ribbon ‘X’ burns in oxygen with a dazzling white flame forming a
white ash ‘Y’. The correct description of X, Y and the type of reaction is : 1
(a) X = Ca ; Y = CaO ; Type of reaction = Decomposition
(b) X = Mg ; Y = MgO ; Type of reaction = Combination
(c) X = Al ; Y = Al2O3 ; Type of reaction = Thermal decomposition
(d) X = Zn ; Y = ZnO ; Type of reaction = Endothermic
4. Acid present in tomato is : 1

(a) Methanoic acid (b) Acetic acid
(c) Lactic acid (d) Oxalic acid
5. Sodium hydroxide is termed an alkali while Ferric hydroxide is not
because : 1
(a) Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, while Ferric hydroxide is a weak
base.
(b) Sodium hydroxide is a base which is soluble in water while Ferric
hydroxide is also a base but it is not soluble in water.
(c) Sodium hydroxide is a strong base while Ferric hydroxide is a strong
acid.
(d) Sodium hydroxide and Ferric hydroxide both are strong base but the
solubility of Sodium hydroxide in water is comparatively higher than
that of Ferric hydroxide.
6. The name of the salt used to remove permanent hardness of water is : 1
(a) Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3)
(b) Sodium chloride (NaCl)
(c) Sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3.10H2O)
1
(d) Calcium sulphate hemihydrate (CaSO4. H2O)
2
7. The electron dot structure of chlorine molecule is : 1
(a) (b)
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(c) (d)
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20
8. Observe the following diagram and identify the process and its
significance from the following options : 1
(a) Evaporation : maintains water contents in leaf cells.

(b) Transpiration : creates a suction force which pulls water inside the
plant.
(c) Excretion : helps in excreting out waste water from the plant.
(d) Translocation : helps in transporting materials from one cell to
another.
9. Opening and closing of stomata is due to : 1
(a) High pressure of gases inside the cells.
(b) Movement of water in and out of the guard cells.
(c) Stimulus of light in the guard cells.
(d) Diffusion of CO2 in and out of the guard cells.
10. A cross between pea plant with white flowers (vv) and pea plant with
violet flowers (VV) resulted in F2 progeny in which ratio of violet (VV)
and white (vv) flowers will be : 1
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 2 : 1 (c) 3 : 1 (d) 1 : 3
11. In plants the role of cytokinin is : 1
(a) Promote cell division. (b) Wilting of leaves.
(c) Promote the opening of stomatal pore. (d) Help in the growth of stem.
12. The number of chromosomes in parents and offsprings of a particular
species undergoing sexual reproduction remain constant due to : 1
(a) doubling of chromosomes after zygote formation.
(b) halving of chromosomes after zygote formation.
(c) doubling of chromosomes before gamete formation.
(d) halving of chromosomes at the time of gamete formation.
13. Two LED bulbs of 12W and 6W are connected in series. If the current
through 12W bulb is 0.06A the current through 6W bulb will be : 1
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(a) 0.04A (b) 0.06A (c) 0.08A (d) 0.12A

14. The correct pattern of magnetic field lines of the field produced by a
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current carrying circular loop is : 1

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20
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
15. The resistance of a resistor is reduced to half of its initial value. If other
parameters of the electrical circuit remain unaltered, the amount of heat
produced in the resistor will become : 1
(a) four times (b) two times
(c) half (d) one fourth
16. An alpha particle enters a uniform magnetic field as shown. The direction
of force experienced by the alpha particle is : 1
(a) towards right
(b) towards left
(c) into the page
(d) out of the page
Q. No. 17 to 20 are Assertion – Reasoning based questions.

These consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer
these questions selecting the appropriate option given below.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
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17. Assertion (A) : Reaction of Quicklime with water is an exothermic

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reaction.
Reason (R) : Quicklime reacts vigorously with water releasing a large
23
amount of heat. 1
20
18. Assertion (A) : In humans, if gene (B) is responsible for black eyes and
gene (b) is responsible for brown eyes, then the colour of eyes of the
progeny having gene combination Bb, bb or BB will be black only.
Reason (R) : The black colour of the eyes is a dominant trait. 1
19. Assertion (A) : The inner walls of the small intestine have finger like
projections called villi which are rich in blood.
Reason (R) : These villi have a large surface area to help the small
intestine in completing the digestion of food. 1
20. Assertion (A) : A current carrying straight conductor experiences a force

when placed perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field.
Reason (R) : The net charge on a current carrying conductor is always
zero. 1
SECTION – B
(Very Short Answer Questions)
21. (A) A student took a small amount of copper oxide in a conical flask and
added dilute hydrochloric acid to it with constant stirring. He
observed a change in colour of the solution. 2
(i) Write the name of the compound formed and its colour.
(ii) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction involved.
OR
(B) The industrial process used for the manufacture of caustic soda
involves electrolysis of an aqueous solution of compound ‘X’. In this
process, two gases ‘Y’ and ‘Z’ are liberated. ‘Y’ is liberated at
cathode and ‘Z’, which is liberated at anode, on treatment with dry
slaked lime forms a compound ‘B’. Name X, Y, Z and B. 2
22. (A) Name the part of brain which is responsible for the following
actions : 2
(i) Maintaining posture and balance
(ii) Beating of heart
(iii) Thinking
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(iv) Blood pressure

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OR
(B) Where are auxins synthesized in a plant ? Which organ of the plant
23
shows : 2
20
(i) Positive phototropism

(ii) Negative geotropism
(iii) Positive hydrotropism
23. Write one specific function each of the following organs in relation with
excretion in human beings : 2
(i) Renal Artery
(ii) Urethra
(iii) Glomerulus
(iv) Tubular part of nephron
24. Two green plants are kept separately in oxygen free containers, one in the
dark and other in sunlight. It was observed that plant kept in dark could not
survive longer. Give reason for this observation. 2
25. (A) Observe the following diagram and answer the questions following
it : 2
(i) Identify the defect of vision shown.

(ii) List its two causes.
(iii) Name the type of lens used for the correction of this defect.
OR
(B) The colour of clear sky from the earth appears blue but from the
space it appears black. Why ? 2
26. Use of several pesticides which results in excessive accumulation of
pesticides in rivers or ponds, is a matter of deep concern. Justify this
statement. 2
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SECTION – C
(Short Answer Questions)
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27. (i) While electrolysing water before passing the current some drops of
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3
an acid are added. Why ? Name the gases liberated at cathode and
20
anode. Write the relationship between the volume of gas collected at

anode and the volume of gas collected at cathode.
(ii) What is observed when silver chloride is exposed to sunlight ? Give
the type of reaction involved.
28. (i) Suggest a safe procedure of diluting a strong concentrated acid. 3
(ii) Name the salt formed when sulphuric acid is added to sodium
hydroxide and write its pH.
(iii) Dry HCl gas does not change the colour of dry blue litmus paper.
Why ?
29. (A) (i) How does Paramecium obtain its food ? 3
(ii) List the role of each of the following in our digestive system :
(a) Hydrochloric acid (b) Trypsin
(c) Muscular walls of stomach (d) Salivary amylase
OR
for solution scan or click qr code 3
(B) (i) What is double circulation ?
(ii) Why is the separation of the right side and the left side of the
heart useful ? How does it help birds and mammals ?
30. (A) Define the following terms in the context of a diverging mirror : 3
(i) Principal focus
(ii) Focal length
Draw a labelled ray diagram to illustrate your answer.
OR
(B) An object of height 10 cm is placed 25 cm away from the optical

centre of a converging lens of focal length 15 cm. Calculate the
image-distance and height of the image formed. 3
31. The power of a lens is +4D. Find the focal length of this lens. An object is
placed at a distance of 50 cm from the optical centre of this lens. State the
nature and magnification of the image formed by the lens and also draw a
ray diagram to justify your answer. 3
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32. (A) (i) Why is an alternating current (A.C.) considered to be 3

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advantageous over direct current (D.C.) for the long distance

23
transmission of electric power ?

20
(ii) How is the type of current used in household supply different

from the one given by a battery of dry cells ?
(iii) How does an electric fuse prevent the electric circuit and the
appliances from a possible damage due to short circuiting or
overloading.
OR
(B) For the current carrying solenoid as shown, draw magnetic field lines
and give reason to explain that out of the three points A, B and C, at
which point the field strength is maximum and at which point it is
minimum ? 3
33. Write one difference between biodegradable and non-biodegradable
wastes. List two impacts of each type of the accumulated waste on
environment if not disposed off properly. 3
SECTION – D
(Long Answer Questions)
34. (A) (i) Draw the structure of the following compounds : 5
(a) Butanoic acid (b) Chloropentane
(ii) How are structure (i) and structure (ii) given below related to
one another ? Give reason to justify your answer.
Draw one more possible structure for above case.

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(iii) Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated carbon

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compounds on the basis of their general formula.

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OR
23
(B) (i) What happens when a small piece of sodium is dropped in 5

20
ethanol ? Write the equation for this reaction.

(ii) Why is glacial acetic acid called so ?
(iii) What happens when ethanol is heated at 443 K in the presence
of conc. H2SO4 ? Write the role of conc. H2SO4 in this case.
(iv) Write an equation showing saponification.
35. (i) Name and explain the two modes of asexual reproduction observed in 5
hydra.
(ii) What is vegetative propagation ? List two advantages of using this
technique.
36. (i) How is electric current related to the potential difference across the 5
terminals of a conductor ?
Draw a labelled circuit diagram to verify this relationship.
(ii) Why should an ammeter have low resistance ?
(iii) Two V - I graphs A and B for series and parallel combinations of two
resistors are as shown. Giving reason state which graph shows
(a) series, (b) parallel combination of the resistors.
SECTION – E
(Source Based/Case Based Questions)
37. The melting points and boiling points of some ionic compounds are given
/1 N
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below : 4
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Compound Melting Point (K) Boiling Point (K)

23
NaCl 1074 1686

20
LiCl 887 1600

CaCl2 1045 1900
CaO 2850 3120
MgCl2 981 1685
These compounds are termed ionic because they are formed by the transfer
of electrons from a metal to a non-metal. The electron transfer in such
compounds is controlled by the electronic configuration of the elements
involved. Every element tends to attain a completely filled valence shell of
its nearest noble gas or a stable octet.
(i) Show the electron transfer in the formation of magnesium chloride. 1
(ii) List two properties of ionic compounds other than their high melting
and boiling points. 1
(iii) (A) While forming an ionic compound say sodium chloride
how does sodium atom attain its stable configuration ? 2
OR
(iii) (B) Give reasons : 2
(i) Why do ionic compounds in the solid state not

conduct electricity ?
(ii) What happens at the cathode when electricity is
passed through an aqueous solution of sodium
chloride ?
38. The most obvious outcome of the reproductive process is the generation of 4
individuals of similar design, but in sexual reproduction they may not be
exactly alike. The resemblances as well as differences are marked. The
rules of heredity determine the process by which traits and characteristics
are reliably inherited. Many experiments have been done to study the rules
of inheritance.
(i) Why an offspring of human being is not a true copy of his parents in
/1 N
sexual reproduction ? 1
/4 AI
(ii) While performing experiments on inheritance in plants, what is the

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difference between F1 and F2 generation ? 1

23
(iii) (A) Why do we say that variations are useful for the survival of a
20
species over time ? 2
OR
(iii) (B) Study Mendel’s cross between two plants with a pair of
contrasting characters. 2
RRYY × rryy
Round Yellow Wrinkled Green
He observed 4 types of combinations in F2 generation. Which
of these were new combinations ? Why do new features which
are not present in the parents, appear in F2 generation ?
39. The ability of a medium to refract light is expressed in terms of its optical 4
density. Optical density has a definite connotation. It is not the same as
mass density. On comparing two media, the one with the large refractive
index is optically denser medium than the other. The other medium with a
lower refractive index is optically rarer. Also the speed of light through a
given medium is inversely proportional to its optical density.
(i) Determine the speed of light in diamond if the refractive index of
diamond with respect to vacuum is 2.42. Speed of light in vacuum is
3×108 m/s. 1
(ii) Refractive indices of glass, water and carbon disulphide are 1.5, 1.33
and 1.62 respectively. If a ray of light is incident in these media at
the same angle (say θ), then write the increasing order of the angle
of refraction in these media. 1
(iii) (A) The speed of light in glass is 2×108 m/s and in water is
2.25×108 m/s. 2
(a) Which one of the two is optically denser and why ?
(b) A ray of light is incident normally at the water-glass

/1 N
interface when it enters a thick glass container filled with

/4 AI
water. What will happen to the path of the ray after

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entering the glass ? Give reason.

23
OR
20
(iii) (B) The absolute refractive indices of water and glass are 4/3 and
3/2 respectively. If the speed of light in glass is 2×108 m/s,
find the speed of light in (i) vacuum and (ii) water. 2
General Instructionsfor : solution scan or click qr code
carries 1 mark.
30 to 50 words.
50 to 80 words.
80 to 120 words.
/1 N
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questions.
23
20
SECTION A
compulsory. 20 1=20
1. Select a pair of olfactory indicators from the following :

(a) Clove oil and vanilla essence (b) Onion and turmeric
(c) Clove oil and litmus solution (d) Vanilla and methyl orange
2. The balanced chemical equation showing reaction between quicklime and

water is :
(a) 2 CaO + H2O 2 CaOH + H2 + Heat
(b) CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 + H2 + Heat
(c) CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 + Heat
(d) 2 CaO + 3 H2O 2 Ca(OH)3 + O2 + Heat
3. Study the following chemical reaction :
2 Na (s) + 2 H2O (l) 2 NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)
The reducing agent in this reaction is :
(a) Na (b) H2O
(c) NaOH (d) H2
4. Fresh milk has a pH of 6. To delay its curdling, a chemical substance is

added to it, which is :
(a) Sodium carbonate
(b) Baking powder
(c) Sodium hydroxide (Caustic soda)
(d) Baking soda (Sodium hydrogen carbonate)
5. Which of the following statements is true for an amphoteric oxide ?

/1 N
(a) It reacts only with acid and does not form water.
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(b) It reacts with acid as well as base to form salt and hydrogen gas.
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23
(c) It reacts with both acid as well as base to form salt and water.
20
(d) It reacts only with base and does not form water.
6. Hydronium ions are formed by the reaction between :

(a) Sodium hydroxide and water (b) Calcium chloride and water
(c) Hydrogen chloride gas and water (d) Ethanol and water
7. The correct representation of covalent bonding in an oxygen molecule is :

8. The process in which loss of water in the form of vapours from the aerial
parts of plants takes place is X, which helps in Y. Here X and Y
respectively are :
(a) transpiration and photosynthesis.
(b) transpiration and temperature regulation.
(c) translocation and movement of soluble products of photosynthesis
in phloem.
(d) translocation and absorption of water and minerals from soil by
roots.
9. As compared to terrestrial organisms, the rate of breathing in aquatic

organisms is :
(a) faster because they need more oxygen for their survival.
(b) faster because the amount of dissolved oxygen in water is fairly
low.
(c) slower because the amount of dissolved oxygen in water is fairly
low. /1 N
/5 AI
(d) slower because the capacity of water of dissolving atmospheric air
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is limited.
23
10. Consider the following two statements :

20
(i) The trait that expresses itself in F1 generation.

(ii) The trait that keeps on passing from one generation to another.
The appropriate terms for the statements (i) and (ii) respectively are :
(a) Recessive trait, Dominant trait
(b) Dominant trait, Recessive trait
(c) Dominant trait, Inherited trait
(d) Recessive trait, Inherited trait
11. The part in which gustatory receptors are present in our body is :
(a) inner ear (b) skin
(c) tongue (d) inner lining of nose
12. The bacterial and the viral infections that may be caused due to unsafe
sex respectively are :
(a) Warts and HIV-AIDS (b) HIV-AIDS and Warts
(c) Gonorrhoea and Syphilis (d) Syphilis and Warts
13. The expressions that relate (i) Q, I and t and (ii) Q, V and W respectively
are (Here the symbols have their usual meanings) :
Q V
(a) (i) I = (ii) W =
t Q
(b) (i) Q = I t (ii) W = V Q

I W
(c) (i) Q = (ii) V =
t Q
Q V
(d) (i) I = (ii) Q =
t W
14. A constant current flows in a horizontal wire in the plane of the paper
from east to west as shown in the figure. The direction of the magnetic
field will be north to south at a point :
/1 N
/5 AI
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23
20
(a) directly above the wire.

(b) directly below the wire.
(c) located in the plane of the paper on the north side of the wire.
(d) located in the plane of the paper on the south side of the wire.
15. An electric kettle consumes 1 kW of electric power when operated at

220 V. The minimum rating of the fuse wire to be used for it is
(a) 1A
(b) 2A
(c) 4A
(d) 5A
16. For a current infor
a long straightscan
solution solenoid, N andqrS code
or click poles are created at the
two ends. Among the following statements, the incorrect statement is :
(a) The magnetic field lines inside the solenoid are in the form of
straight lines, which indicates that the magnetic field is uniform at
all points inside the solenoid.
(b) The strong magnetic field produced inside the solenoid can
magnetize the soft iron placed inside it.
(c) The pattern of the magnetic field associated with a current
carrying solenoid is different from the pattern of the magnetic field
around a bar magnet.
(d) The N and S poles exchange positions when the direction of
current through the solenoid is reversed.
For questions number 17 to 20, two statements are given one labelled
as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct
answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below :
/1 N
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23

20
17. Assertion (A) : In the following reaction

ZnO + C Zn + CO
ZnO undergoes reduction.
Reason (R) : Carbon is a reducing agent that reduces ZnO to Zn.
18. Assertion (A) : Human populations show a great deal of variations in
traits.
Reason (R) : All variations in a species have equal chances of surviving
in the environment in which they live.
19. Assertion (A) : The walls of atria are thicker than those of the ventricles.
Reason (R): Ventricles have to pump blood into various organs at high
pressure.
20. Assertion (A): Two magnetic field lines around a current carrying
straight wire do not intersect each other.
Reason (R): The magnitude of the magnetic field produced at a given
point increases as the current through the wire increases.
for solution SECTION B
21. (a)
in the right position.

(i) Identify X and Y
(ii) How can X be reobtained from Y ? 2
OR
(b) Two solutions M and N give Red and Blue colour respectively with a
universal indicator.
(i) In which solution will the hydrogen ion concentration be
more ? Justify your answer.
(ii) If both M and N solutions are mixed and the resultant mixture
is tested with a universal indicator, it turns green. What is the
nature of the salt formed ? Justify your answer.
/1 N 2
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22. Write the name and function of parts (i) and (ii) in the diagram of a
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neuron given below. 2

23
20
(i)
(ii)
23. (a) List the events in proper sequence that take place during the
process of photosynthesis. 2
OR
(b) Explain in brief two ways by which leaves of a plant help in
excretion. 2
24. In the process of digestion of food in human beings, two protein-digesting
enzymes are secreted. Name the enzymes along with the glands that
secrete them. 2
25. Observe the following diagram showing an image formation in an eye :
(a) Identify the defect of vision shown in the figure.

(b) List its two causes and suggest a suitable corrective lens to
overcome this defect. /1 N 2
/5 AI
26. In the following food chain, if 50 J of energy was available to the hawk,
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how much energy would have been present at the first and third tropic
23
levels ? Justify your answer. 2

20
Grass Grasshopper Frog Snake Hawk
SECTION C
27. (a) Define a double displacement reaction.
(b) Write the chemical equation of a double displacement reaction

which is also a (i) Neutralization reaction and (ii) Precipitation
reaction. Give justification for your answer. 3
28. (a) Sometimes the pH of our mouth gets lower than 5·5. Why ?
(b)
(c) Why do copper sulphate crystals turn white on heating ? 3

29. (a) With the help of an activity, explain the action of saliva on the food
we eat.
(b) Why is bile juice important in the process of digestion ? 3
30. (a) (i) An object of 5 cm height is placed at a distance of 20 cm from

the optical centre of a concave lens of focal length 18 cm.
Calculate (1) image distance and (2) the magnification in this
case.
(ii) Compare the values of magnification obtained by a concave
lens and a convex lens when both the lenses form virtual
images. 3
OR
(b) A convex lens can form a (i) real, inverted and magnified image as
well as (ii) virtual, erect and magnified image of an object. If the
focal length of the lens is 10 cm, what should be the range of the
object distance in both cases ? Draw ray diagrams to justify your
/1 N
/5 AI
answer. 3
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31. (a) State one important function of the following parts of the human
23
eye :
20
(i) Retina
(ii) Pupil
(b) State the role of ciliary muscles in focussing objects at varying
distances from the eye. 3
32. (a) (i) A straight cylindrical conductor is suspended with its axis
perpendicular to the magnetic field of a horse-shoe magnet.
The conductor gets displaced towards left when a current is
passed through it. What will happen to the displacement of
the conductor if the
(1) current through it is increased ?
(2) horse-shoe magnet is replaced by another stronger
horse-shoe magnet ?
(3) direction of current through it is reversed ?
(ii) Name and state the rule for determining the direction of force
on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field. 3
OR
(b) Draw the pattern of the magnetic field produced around a vertical
current carrying straight conductor passing through a horizontal
cardboard. Mark the direction of current and the magnetic field
lines. Name and state the rule which is used to determine the
direction of magnetic field associated with a current carrying
conductor. 3
33.
3
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SECTION D
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23
34. (a) 2H6O) on

20
reacting with acidified K2Cr2O7
presence of conc. H2SO4 to give a sweet smelling compoun
(i) Identify X , Y and Z
(ii) Write the chemical equations for the reactions in the

conversion of (1) X to Y and (2) X to Z .
(iii) State the role of (1) acidified K2Cr2O7 in the conversion of X

to Y and (2) conc. H2SO4 in the reaction of X and Y .
(iv) Name the reaction which occurs when Z reacts with an alkali. 5
OR
(b) Carry outfor
thesolution
followingscan
conversions,
or clickstating
qr codethe condition(s) for
each : 5
(i) Ethanol Ethene
(ii) Ethene Ethane
(iii) Ethane Chloroethane
(iv) Ethanol Ethanoic acid
(v) Ethanoic acid Ethyl ethanoate
35. (a) (i) Where are testes located in the human males and why ? State
two function of the testes.
(ii) In the human female, one of the ovaries releases an egg every
month. State the changes that take place if
(1) the egg is fertilized, and
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(2) the egg is not fertilized.

31 M
(iii) What is done during the surgical method in males and

23
females to prevent pregnancy ? 5

20
OR
(b) (i) What happens when :
(1) Leaves of Bryophyllum fall on the soil ?
(2) Planaria is cut into many pieces ?
(3) Sporangia of Rhizopus on maturation liberate spores ?
Mention the modes of reproduction in each of the above three

cases.
(ii) Write the changes that occur in a flower once the fertilisation
has taken place. 5
36. (a) .
(b) Name and define the physical quantity determined by the slope of
V I curve given in the diagram. Use this graph to find the value of
this physical quantity in SI units.
/1 N
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23
(c) Establish the relationship between 1 kWh and 1 joule. 5

20
SECTION E

37. Metals are required for a variety of purposes. For this we need their
extraction from their ores. Ores mined from the earth are usually
contaminated with many impurities which must be removed prior to the
extraction of metals. The extraction of pure metal involves the following
steps :
(1) Concentration of ore
(2) Extraction of the metal from the concentrated ore
(3) Refining of the metal
(a) Name an ore of Mercury and state the form in which Mercury is
present in it. 1
(b) What happens to zinc carbonate when it is heated strongly in a
limited supply of air ? 1
(c) The reaction of a metal A with Fe2O3 is highly exothermic and is
used to join railway tracks.
(I) Identify the metal A and name the reaction taking place.
(II) Write the chemical equation for the reaction of metal A with
Fe2O3. 2
OR
(c) We cannot use carbon to obtain sodium from sodium oxide. Why ?
State the reactions taking place at cathode and anode during
electrolytic reduction of sodium chloride.
/1 N 2
/5 AI
38. In some families, either rural or urban, females are tortured for giving
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birth to a female child. They do not seem to understand the scientific

23
20
reason behind the birth of a boy or a girl. In fact the mother is not
responsible for the sex of the child and it has been genetically proved that
the sex of a newborn is determined by what the child inherits from the
father.
(a) State the basis on which the sex of a newborn baby is determined in
humans. 1
(b) Why is the pair of sex chromosomes called a mismatched pair in
males ? 1
(c) How is the original number of chromosomes present in the parents
restored in the progeny ? 2
OR
(c) Explain by giving two examples of the organisms in which the sex is
not genetically determined. 2
39. Many optical instruments consist of a number of lenses. They are
combined to increase the magnification and sharpness of the image. The
net power (P) of the lenses placed in contact is given by the algebraic sum
of the powers of the individual lenses P1, P2, P3
P = P1 + P2 + P3
This is also termed as the simple additive property of the power of lens,
widely used to design lens systems of cameras, microscopes and
telescopes. These lens systems can have a combination of convex lenses
and also concave lenses.
(a) What is the nature (convergent / divergent) of the combination of a
convex lens of power + 4 D and a concave lens of power 2D? 1
(b) Calculate the focal length of a lens of power
/1 N 2·5 D. 1
(c) Draw a ray diagram to show the nature and position of an image
/5 AI
31 M
formed by a convex lens of power + 0·1 D, when an object is placed at

23
a distance of 20 cm from its optical centre. 2

20
OR
(c) How is a virtual image formed by a convex lens different from that
formed by a concave lens ? Under what conditions do a convex and
a concave lens form virtual images ? 2
/1 N
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23
20
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23
20
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23
20
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23
20
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23
20
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23
20
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23
20
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23
20
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20
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20
General Instructions :
(i) This question paper comprises 39 questions. All questions are
compulsory.
(iii) Section A Questions No. 1 to 20 are multiple choice questions.
Each question carries 1 mark.
(iv) Section B Questions No. 21 to 26 are very short answer type
(v) Section C Questions No. 27 to 33 are short answer type
should in the range of 50 to 80 words.
(vi) Section D Questions No. 34 to 36 are long answer type questions.
Each question carries 5 marks. Answer to these questions should be
) N
in the range of 80 to 120 words.
(B AI
(vii) Section E Questions No. 37 to 39 are of 3 source-based/case-
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based units of assessment carrying 4 marks each with sub-parts.

23
(viii) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been

20
provided in some sections. Only one of the alternatives has to be

attempted in such questions.
SECTION A
This section has 20 multiple choice questions (Q.No. 1 20). All
questions are compulsory. 20 1=20
1. After burning a magnesium ribbon a student collected the ash
so formed in a watch glass. He then dissolved this ash in water
and tested the nature (acidic or basic) of the solution using pH
paper and litmus solution. His correct observation would be :
(a) Its pH is 10 and it turns blue litmus to red.
(b) Its pH is 4 and it turns blue litmus to red.
(c) Its pH is 4 and it turns red litmus to blue.
(d) Its pH is 10 and it turns red litmus to blue.
2. Consider the following reaction :
4NH3 + 5O2 4NO + 6H2O

This reaction is an example of which one of the following two
reactions ?
(a) Displacement reaction as well as redox reaction
(b) Double displacement reaction as well as redox reaction
(c) Displacement reaction as well as combination reaction
(d) Combination reaction as well as double displacement
reaction
3. Select the correct statement from the following :

(a) CO2 is a product of respiration whereas CO is a product
of photosynthesis.
) N
(B AI
(b) CO2 is a product of respiration whereas Cl2 is a product
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of chlor-alkali process.
23
(c) CO2 is a product of photosynthesis whereas H2 is a

20
product of chlor-alkali process.

(d) CO2 is a product of incomplete combustion whereas CO is
a product of respiration.
4. On placing a silver coin in a test tube containing blue

solution of CuSO4, a student would observe after some time,
say 20 minutes, that the CuSO4 solution
(a) turns green and a grey substance is deposited on the
coin.
(b) turns colourless and a grey substance is deposited on the
coin.
(c) remains blue with no change in the silver coin.
(d) turns colourless and reddish brown substance is
deposited on the coin.
5. A compound Xfor
is used in the paper, soap and glass industries.
(a) anhydrous sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)

(b) sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3 . 10H2O)
(c) sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3)
1
(d) sodium sulphate hemihydrate (Na2SO4 . H2O)
2
6. Select from the following, a salt whose aqueous solution will
have pH less than seven.
(a) Sodium chloride
(b) Potassium sulphate
(c) Sodium carbonate
(d) Ammonium chloride
) N
(B AI
7. The hydrocarbon which will decolourize bromine water is :
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(a) C2H6 (b) C3H8

23
(c) C7H14 (d) C8H18

20
8. The organ that secretes insulin is :

(a) gall bladder (b) small intestine
(c) pancreas (d) stomach
9. During deficiency of oxygen in the tissues of human beings,
pyruvate is converted into lactic acid in :
(a) cytoplasm (b) golgi body
(c) mitochondria (d) chloroplast
10. When a pure tall pea plant is crossed with a pure dwarf pea
plant, the percentage of tall pea plant in F1 and F2 generation
pea plants respectively will be :
(a) 100%; 25% (b) 100%; 50%
(c) 100%; 75% (d) 100%; 100%
11. The voluntary actions such as reading and writing are
controlled by :
(a) cerebellum (b) cerebrum
(c) medulla (d) pons
12. When an organism breaks into a number of parts and each

part develops into a complete organism, it is known as :
(a) budding
(b) regeneration
(c) vegetative propagation
(d) spore formation
13. SI unit of electrical resitivity is :

) N
(B AI
(a) ohm metre (b) ohm per metre
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(c) ohm / metre2 (d) ohm / metre3

23
20
14. You have a thin resistance wire having a thick plastic

insulation. A decrease in the resistance of this wire would be
produced if somehow we increase the :
(a) thickness of the plastic insulation
(b) temperature of the wire
(c) length of the wire
(d) diameter of the wire
15. An electron projected towards east is deflected towards

south by a uniform magnetic field. The direction of the
magnetic field is :
(a) upwards (b) downwards
(c) towards north (d) towards west
16. A student hasfor
a long straight thick copper wire. If he passes a
current in this wire he would get a magnetic field whose

pattern must be :
(a) radial lines originating from the wire.
(b) concentric circles centred around the wire.
(c) straight lines parallel to the wire.
(d) straight lines perpendicular to the wire.
For Questions number 17 to 20, two statements are given one

labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R).
Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a),
(b), (c) and (d) as given below.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason
) N
(B AI
(R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
31 M
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason
23
(R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

20

17. Assertion (A) : It is possible to store copper sulphate solution

in a container made of iron sheet.
Reason (R) : Iron is a more reactive metal than copper.
18. Assertion (A) : Human beings have one pair of sex

chromosomes.
Reason (R) : All children, whether boys or girls, inherit an
X-chromosome from their father.
19. Assertion (A) : The rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is
much faster than that seen in terrestrial
organisms.
Reason (R) : The amount of oxygen dissolved in water is
fairly low as compared to the amount of oxygen
in air.
20. Assertion (A) : Magnetic fields interact with moving charges

and not with charges at rest.
Reason (R) : Charges produce magnetic field only when
they move.
SECTION B
21. (a) ) N
What is a balanced chemical equation ? Why do we
(B AI
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balance chemical equations ? 2

23
OR
20
(b) Why does the colour of iron sulphate solution fade when
a piece of zinc is dipped in it ? Give chemical equation for
the reaction involved. 2
22. List four life-processes that are essential for maintaining life. 2
23. (a) How is oxygen transported in human beings ? 2

OR
(b) What is saliva ? State its role in the digestion of food. 2
24. Name the process by which the amount of urine produced in

human beings is regulated. Where and how is this process
carried out ? 2
25. (a) (i) What is the (I) least distance of distinct vision, and
(II) far point of a normal human eye ?
(ii) A student is unable to see distinctly a chart hanging
on the wall of his classroom. Name the defect of
vision he is suffering from and the type of corrective
lens he must use in his spectacles. 2
OR
(b) Write the main function of each of the following in the
human eye :
(i) Cornea
(ii) Iris
(iii) Retina ) N
(B AI
(iv) Ciliary muscles 2
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26. Construct a food chain comprising the following organisms :

20
Hawk, Frogs, Snakes, Plants

Which of these will have the highest concentration of the
harmful chemicals such as pesticides ? Name the phenomenon. 2
SECTION C
27. A student is heating ferrous sulphate crystals in a boiling tube.
(a) State the change in colour he is likely to observe during

the process of heating.
(b) Name the gases produced during heating.
(c) Write chemical equation for the reaction. 3

28. (a) (i) Name one antacid. State how it helps to relieve
indigestion in the stomach.
(ii) A student wants to dilute a strong acid such as
sulphuric acid. For this purpose, why should the
acid be added to water and not water to the acid ? 3
OR
(b) A student dropped a few pieces of white marble in dilute
hydrochloric acid contained in a test tube. The gas
evolved was then passed through freshly prepared lime
water.
(i) Name the gas evolved.
) N
(B AI
(ii) State the change the student would observe in lime
31 M
water.
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20
(iii) What change would be observed if excess of this gas

is passed through lime water ?
Give reason for your answer in (ii) and (iii) given above. 3
29. (a) Define geotropism and explain the term positive

geotropism and negative geotropism giving one example
for each. 3
OR
(b) Name the plant hormone that helps in the bending of the
plant stem towards light. Explain its function. Also name
this phenomenon. 3
30. A student wants to draw a ray diagram to show the formation
of image due to a concave mirror when an object is placed in
between its focus and centre of curvature.
(a) Write the minimum number of incident rays required.
(b) State the paths of the incident rays.
(c) State the paths of the reflected rays.
(d) Write the sign of magnification according to the New
Cartesian Sign Convention. 3
31. (a) A candle flame and a screen are placed 1 m apart. When
a lens is placed exactly in the middle of the two, a
distinct image of the candle flame is observed on the
) N
(B AI
screen.
31 M
(i) Name the type of the lens used.

23
20
(ii) How is focal length of the lens determined in this

case ? State the method and determine its value.
(iii) Write the power of the lens used. 3
OR
(b) (i) Define absolute refractive index.

(ii) The absolute refractive indices of water and glass
4 3
are and respectively. If the speed of light in
3 2
glass is 2 108 m/s, find :
(I) Speed of light in vacuum
(II) Speed of light in water 3
32. What is a solenoid ? How does a current carrying solenoid
behave when suspended freely and why ? Give its one main
use. 3
33. Define the term ecosystem. List its two main components.
We do not clean natural ponds or lakes, but an aquarium
needs to be cleaned regularly. Why ? 3
SECTION D
34. (a) Write the names of the following compounds :
(i) CH3 CH2COOH
(ii) C6H6
(b) What is a homologous series of carbon compounds ?
Construct a homologous series of alcohols.
) N
(B AI
(c) What happens when ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid in
31 M
the presence of an acid ? Name the reaction and write its

23
chemical equation. 5
20
35. (a) (i) Define vegetative propagation. List its any two
advantages.
(ii) Write in tabular form two differences between
binary fission and multiple fission giving one
example for each. 5
OR
(b) (i) State in brief the functions of the following organs in
the human female reproductive system :
(I) Ovary
(II) Fallopian tube
(III) Uterus
(ii) What is menstruation ? Why does it occur ? 5
36. (a) Derive an expression for the amount of heat produced
when a current flows through a resistor for a given time.
(b) 200 joules of heat energy is produced each second in a

resistor of 8 . Find :
(i) The current flowing through the resistor, and
(ii) The potential difference across the ends of the
resistor. 5
SECTION E
Q.No. 37 to 39 are source-based/case-based questions with
3 sub-parts. Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.
37. ) N
Decomposition is a type of reaction in which a single compound
(B AI
splits into two or more simple compounds. Decomposition
31 M
reactions are generally classified into three types, depending

23
upon the type of energy required for the reaction. The three
20
types are thermal decomposition, photolytic decomposition and

electrolytic decomposition.
(a) Why are decomposition reactions known as endothermic
reactions ? 1
(b) Give an example of photolytic decomposition. 1
(c) Name the gas liberated at the (i) cathode, and (ii) anode
when water is electrolysed. Write the molar ratio of
hydrogen and oxygen (Hydrogen : Oxygen) liberated
during electrolysis. 2
OR
(c) What happens when lead nitrate powder is heated in a
boiling tube ? Write chemical equation for the reaction. 2
38. Hormones are chemical informational molecules that are
required in minute amounts and are directly poured into the
blood stream. The animal hormones are secreted in the desired
amounts by the endocrine glands. Each hormone is responsible
for carrying out specific actions in the body. The deficiency or
excess of hormones has a harmful effect on our body. Hence,
the timing and the amount of hormones secreted by glands are
controlled by the feedback mechanism.
(a) Name the hormones secreted by ovary and testes. 1
(b) Write the function of adrenaline. 1
(c) Write the name and function of a hormone secreted by
(i) Pituitary gland and (ii) Thyroid gland. 2
OR
) N
(B AI
(c) What is the meaning of feedback mechanism ? 2
31 M
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39. A simple magnifier or microscope is a convex lens of small focal

20
length. In order to use such a lens as a microscope, the lens is

held near the object to get an erect, magnified and virtual
image of the object. However, this microscope has a maximum
limiting magnification. For much larger magnification we use
a compound microscope in which two convex lenses are used,
one compounding the effect of the other. The lens nearest the
object, called the objective, forms a real, inverted and
magnified image of the object. This image serves as the object
for the second lens, the eyepiece which functions essentially
like a simple microscope or magnifier and produces the final
image.
(a) You have a compound microscope in which a convex lens
of focal length f is used as objective. What should be the
distance of the object from the objective in terms of f ? 1
(b) List two properties of the final image obtained from a
compound microscope. 1
(c) An object is placed in front of a convex lens at a distance
of two times the focal length of the lens. List two
properties of the image formed and write the value of
magnification produced by the lens using the New
Cartesian Sign Convention. 2
OR
(c) An object is placed in front of a convex lens at a distance

more than two times the focal length of the lens.
List two properties of the image formed and write the
value of magnification produced by the lens using the
) N
(B AI
New Cartesian Sign Convention. 2
31 M
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(vii) Section E Questions No. 37 to 39 are of 3 source-based/case-based units of

some sections. Only one of the alternatives has to be attempted in such

3. Select from the following compounds which is not a base :

(b) Calcium hydroxide

(d) Zinc oxide

5. Which one of the following metals is malleable and a poor conductor of

the laboratory. Which of the following compounds may be dissolved in

(a) (i) and (ii)

8. Which one of the following molecules is produced initially when glucose

9. As compared to daytime, the amount of carbon dioxide released by the

(c) Virtual, erect and magnified

(d) Real, inverted and magnified

(a) (i) straight, (ii) circular

(b) (i) circular, (ii) circular

(c) (i) straight, (ii) straight

(d) (i) circular, (ii) straight

17. Assertion (A) : In the reaction, Na2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2NaCl,

Reason (R) : When an aqueous solution is added to another aqueous

Reason (R) : The role of auxins is opposite to that of abscisic acid in

20. Assertion (A) : A rainbow is an artificial spectrum of white light

all. Identify the metals A , B , C and D . 2

(i) Name the colour imparted by (1) sodium chloride and

(ii) Are these compounds soluble in organic solvents such as

urban areas can be safely disposed off. 2

28. (a) An organic compound X when reacts with sodium liberates

(ii) Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated

32. (a) (i) Differentiate between a solenoid and a circular coil.

(ii) Explain how a solenoid can be made in a school laboratory.

(ii) Out of the following, which compound/compounds will turn

(iii) Name a gas whose aqueous solution is basic. Write the

formula/name of this solution.

(iv) A basic substance is used to treat a honey-bee sting. Why ?

(v) Name the acid which is present in (1) Tomato and

(ii) Write the chemical name and formula of a compound having

(iii) Write the chemical formula of bleaching powder. Write a

(ii) What happens to the egg

(b) (i) Explain by giving one example each :

justify this statement. 5

The following questions are source-based/case-based questions. Read the case

fully developed metallurgical processes as well as the techniques of

protection of different metals. The protection of metals, was done by

(b) Differentiate between roasting and calcination. 1

(c) Explain any two methods that are employed to prevent

(c) Why is aluminium used to join railway tracks or the cracked

(a) How is the brain protected from shocks and injuries ? 1

parts of the body to carry out various activities ? Name two

medium. Thus a ray of light travelling from a rarer medium to a denser

(ii) If a ray of light enters obliquely from glass to water, will it

any medium emerges parallel to

diagram to justify this statement. 2

(viii) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been

provided in some sections. Only one of the alternatives has to be

attempted in such questions.

(a) C6H6 (b) C2H4

4. Which of the following oxide(s) is/are soluble in water to form

(a) (ii) and (iv) (b) Only (iii)

5. Carbon dioxide gas is not produced when hydrochloric acid