UACE PHYSICS PAPER 2 2019 GUIDE

Instructions to the candidates:

Answer five questions taking at least one from each of the sections A, B, C and D, but not more than
one question should be chosen from either section A or B

Any additional question (s) will not be marked.

Mathematical tables and squared paper will be provided

Non programmable calculators may be used.

Assume where necessary

Acceleration due to gravity, g 9.81ms-2

Electron charge, e 1.6 x10-19C

Electron mass 9.11 x 10-31kg

Plank’s constant, h 6.6 x 10-34Js

Speed of light in the vacuum, c 3.0 x 108ms-1

Specific heat capacity of water 4.200Jkg-1K-1

Avogadro’s number, NA 6.02 x 1023mol-1

1
The constant, 9.0 x 109F-1m
4𝜋𝜀0

Permittivity of free space, μ0 4.0π x 10-7Hm-1

Permittivity of free space, ε0 8.85 x 10-12Fm-1

One electron volt 1.6 x 10-19J

Resistivity of Nichrome wire at 250C 1.2 x 10-6Ωm

SECTION A
1 1 1
1. (a) (i) derive the relationship, = + for convex lens, where u is the object distance, v is
𝑓 𝑢 𝑣
the image distance and f is the focal length of the lens. (04marks)

(ii) State three possible reasons under which an image of real object may not be formed by a
convex lens on the screen. (03marks)

(b) Describe an experiment to determine the focal length of a convex lens fixed inside a short
cylindrical tube (05marks)

(c) A convex lens of focal length 10cm is arranged coaxially with a concave lens of focal length
18cm. the lens system is used to focus an object placed 24cm from the convex lens on the
side remote from the concave lens. the final image is formed on a screen placed 18.6cm
from the concave lens. Calculate the;
(i) separation between the lenses. (05marks)

(ii) Magnification (03marks)

2. (a) (i) State the laws of refraction of light. (02marks)

(ii) A small object is placed at a distance of 30.0cm from a converging lens of focal length
10.0cm. Calculate the distance from the first lens where a second converging lens of focal
length 40.0cm must be placed in order to produce an erect image of the same size as the
object. (05marks)

(b) (i) Draw a diagram to show the formation of an image by a compound microscope in normal
adjustment and use it to derive an expression for the magnifying power. (06marks)
(ii) A microscope has an objective of focal length 10.0cm and eye piece of focal length
20.0cm. If the distance between the objective and eye piece is 20 cm, calculate the
magnifying power of the microscope. (03marks)

(c) What is meant by the following:

(i) total internal reflection (01mark)

(ii) critical angle (01mark)

(d) Briefly explain why an observer sees a spectrum of colors through rain drops when it is
raining on a sunny day. (02marks)
SECTION B

3. (a) What is meant by interference pattern as applied to waves. (03marks)

(b) Explain why it is necessary to use a common source when demonstrating interference in
light (03marks)
(c) In an experiment to determine wavelength of light using Young’s method, two slits, a
separation of 1.2mm were used. When the screen was placed 18.0cm from slits, 30 bright
fringes occupying a distance 2.5mm was obtained,
(i) Find wavelength of light used (04marks)
(ii) List the changes that would be observed if the distance of the screen from the slits
was increased (02marks)
(d)(i) Derive the expression for angular position of nth order principal maximum produced by
transmission diffraction grating.

(ii) Light of two wavelength 5.4 x 10-7m and 5.7 x 10-7m incident normally on transmission
grating with spacing 2.00 x 20-6m. Find the angular separation of second order
principal maxima.

(iii) Suppose white light is used in (d)(ii) , describe the positions of the red and violet lights in
the order principal maximum relative central maxima (01mark)

4. (a) Define the following

(i) Transverse waves
(ii) Longitudinal waves

(b) When a plane wave transverse a medium, the displacement of the particle is given by

y = 0.01sin2π(2t-0.01x), where y and x are in meters and t in seconds

Calculate the

(i) Frequency of the wave (02marks)

(ii) Wave velocity (03marks)
(iii) Phase difference at a given instant of time between two particles 50m apart.
(02marks)

(c) Describe an experiment to determine the velocity of sound in air by an interference

method. (06marks)
(d) (i) state two applications of Doppler effect. (02marks)
(ii) Derive an expression for frequency, f, of sound as heard by stationary observer when
the source of sound of frequency, f, approaches with uniform speed, us (03marks)

SECTION C

5. (a)(i) Write down an expression for the force on a charge, q coulombs moving with velocity,
u, at an angle, α, to a uniform magnetic field of flux density B.(01mark)

(ii) Use the expression in (a)(i), to deduce the force on a conductor carrying a current in
magnetic field. (03marks)
 (b) Figure below shows an aluminium bar AB resting on two horizontal aluminium rails
connected to a battery through switch K. a magnetic field of flux density 0.10T acts
perpendicularly into paper.

(i) Explain what happens to AB when switch K is closed(03marks)

(ii) Calculate the angle to horizontal to which the rail must be tilted to keep AB
stationary if its mass is 5.og, current in it is 4.0A and the direction of the field
remains unchanged. (04marks)

(c)(i) With the aid of a labelled diagram, describe the structure and mode of operation of a
moving coil galvanometer. (06marks)

(iii) Discuss the factors which affect the current sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer
(03marks)

6. (a) State the laws of electromagnetic induction. (02marks)

(b)(i) With the aid of a diagram, describe how a simple a.c. generator works (04marks)

(ii) What are the main energy losses in a practical a.c. generator and how are they
minimized? (02marks)
(c) A circular coil having 20 turns each of radius 8.0cm is rotated about its vertical diameter
with angular speed of 50 radians per second in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of
magnitude 30mT.
(i) Calculate the r.m.s value of the e.m.f. induced in the coil (03marks)
(ii) If the coil forms a closed loop of resistance 10Ω, how much power is dissipated as heat
in it? (02marks)

(d) The figure below shows a capacitor and a bulb connected to a.c supply

Explain
(i) Why the bulb lights when switch K, is closed (01marks)
(ii) What would happen if the capacitance were reduced? (02marks)
When the capacitance is reduced the reactance increases and therefore the charging
and discharging current is decrease. The bulb dims or goes off.

(e) Explain the following observation:

 (i) A spark is seen at the switch when the circuit of a current carrying coil is broken
(02marks)

(ii) A magnetized iron bar dropped vertically through a hollow region of a thick cylindrical
shell made of copper experiences a retarding force. (02marks)

7. (a) Define the following

(i) Peak value(01mark)
(ii) Root mean square (r.m.s) value of alternating current.(01mark)

(b) Derive an equation relating peak value and r.m.s value of alternating current (03marks)

(c) An electric current flow through a coil of 4Ω immersed in 200kg of water placed in a
container. If the temperature of the water rises by 1K per minute, calculate the peak value of
current supplied. (03marks)

(d) What is meant by resonance in a circuit? (01mark)

(e) A lamp of resistance 10Ω, a capacitor of capacitance 0.4μF and an inductor of inductance
0.4H are connected in series to an alternating voltage source of 0.01V (r.m.s). The
frequency, f, is varied from low to high value while maintaining the amplitude of the
applied voltage constant.

(i) Explain how the brightness of the lamp rises. (03marks)

(ii) Calculate the resonance frequency. (03marks)

(iii) Find the voltage across the capacitor. (03marks)

(f) Explain why in an R-C circuit, power is only absorbed by resistive part of the circuit.
(02marks)

SECTION D

8. (a) State Coulomb’s law of electrostatics (01marks)

(b) (i) Describe how a conductor may be positively charge but remains at zero
potential(03marks)
(ii) Explain how the presence of a neutral conductor near a charged conducting sphere may
reduce the potential of the sphere.

(c) In the figure below, points P and Q are at a distances 30.0cm and 20.0cm from a point
charge of 4.0μC respectively.
 Calculate
(i) Electric potential difference between P and Q (05marks)
(ii) Energy required to bring a charge of +1.0μC from infinity to Q. (03marks)

(d) Describe with the aid of a diagram an experiment to show that excess charge resides only
on outside of hollow conductor.

9. (a)(i) Define e.m.f of a battery. (01marks)

(ii) Explain why e.m.f of a battery left standing in a room for long decreases. (02marks)

(b) The figure below shows a network resistors connected to show identical cells of e.m.f
1.5V and internal resistance 0.8Ω.

Calculate the current supplied by the cells (04marks)

(c) Describe an experiment which can be carried out to determine the resistance of a wire
using a potentiometer. (06marks)

(d) The figure below shows a uniform resistance wire AB, 100cm long and resistance 4.0Ω
connected with a 2.0Ω resistor through switch K2. When K1 is closed and K2 open, the
balance length is 53cm.

Find the

(i) Balance length when K1 and K2 are both open (04marks)

 (ii) Internal resistance of cell X if the balance length is 44.1cm when both K1 and K2
are closed (01marks)
10. (a)(i) Define farad. (01mark)
(ii) Describe briefly the energy transformations that take place when charging a capacitor
using a dry cell. (02marks)

(b)(i) What is meant by dielectric constant? (02marks)

(c) A 60 μF is charged from a 120V supply. It is then connected across the terminals of a
20μF capacitor. Calculate the

(i) final p.d. across the combination (03marks)

(ii) Difference in the initial and final energies stored in the capacitor and comment on the
difference. (05marks)

(d) Explain the principles of operation of a lightning conductor. (05marks)

End