Korekcioni Faktor Za Kablove

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507

6. Determining conductor cross-


sectional areas

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508

6. DETERMINING CONDUCTOR CROSS-SECTIONAL AREAS

Owing to the respective characteristics of LV and MV conductors, they have been dealt with in
separate paragraphs.

6.1. Determining conductor cross-sectional areas and choosing protective


devices in low voltage

n definition of terms relating to low voltage wiring systems

(Insulated) cable
Assembly comprising:
- one or more insulated conductors
- their eventual individual screening
- any eventual assembly protection
- any eventual protective shielding
It may also comprise one or several bare conductors.

Multi-core cable
Cable comprising more than one conductor, which may eventually include bare conductors.
Note: the term three-core cable is used to designate the cable making up the phases of a three-phase
system.

Single-core cable
Cable comprising a single insulated conductor.
Note: the term single-core cable is especially used to designate a cable making up one of the phases of a
three-phase system.

Wiring system
Assembly made up of one or more electric conductors and the devices ensuring their fixation and, if
necessary, their mechanical protection.

Cable channel
Ventilated or enclosed duct located above or in the ground, having dimensions preventing persons from
moving around inside it but allowing access to the cables over their entire length during and after
installation.
Note: a cable channel may or may not form part of the building construction.

Cable tray
Holder made up of a base and sides but no cover.
Note: A cable tray may be perforated or unperforated.

Electrical circuit (of an installation)


All the electrical equipment of the installation fed from the same source and protected against
overcurrents by the same protective device(s).

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(Insulated) conductor
Assembly comprising the conductor, its insulating envelope and eventual screens.

(Circular) conduit
Enclosed envelope, having a circular cross-section, designed for the installation or the replacement of
insulated conductors or cables by capstan, in electrical installations.

Ducting
Assembly of closed envelopes having a non circular cross-sectional area, designed for the installation or
the replacement of insulated conductors or cables by capstan, in electrical installations.

Brackets
Horizontal cable supports fixed at one of their ends, arranged from point to point and on which the cables
rest.

Design current of a circuit


Current to be carried in a circuit in normal service

(Continuous) current carrying capacity of a conductor


Maximum value of the current that, in given conditions, can continuously flow in a conductor without its
steady-state operating temperature being higher than the specified value.

Cable ladder
Cable support made up of a series of non-touching elements firmly fixed to main vertical rods.

Sleeve (or tube)


Element surrounding wiring and providing it with extra protection in building passages (walls, partitions,
floor, ceiling) or in buried passages.

Sheath
Enclosure located above ground level having dimensions preventing persons from moving around inside
it but allowing access to the cables over their entire length. A sheath may or may not be built into the
masonry.

Trough
Assembly of envelopes closed by a cover and ensuring mechanical protection of insulated conductors or
cables not installed or removed by a capstan and which allow other electrical equipment to be added .

Building void
Space in a structure or building parts which is only accessible at certain places.
Note: - spaces in walls, supported floors, ceilings and certain types of window or door frames and
jamb linings are examples of building voids.
- specially built building voids are also called "ducts".

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6.1.1. Method principle


In compliance with the recommendations of IEC 364-4-43, the cross-sectional area of wiring
systems and the protective device must be chosen to meet several conditions necessary for
the security of the installation.

The wiring system must:

- carry the maximum design current and its normal transient peaks

- not generate voltage drops above the allowed values.

The protective device must:

- protect the wiring system against any overcurrents up to the short-circuit current

- ensure the protection of persons against indirect contact.

The logigram in figure 6-1 sums up the principle of the method which may be described by the
following stages:

1st stage:

- using the load power, the maximum design current I B is calculated and the rated current
I n of the protective device is deduced from this

- the maximum short-circuit current Isc at the origin of the circuit is calculated and the
breaking capacity of the protective device is deduced from this.

2nd stage:

- depending on the installation conditions (installation method, ambient temperature, etc.),


the overall correction factor f is determined

- the suitable conductor cross-sectional area is chosen in relation to I n and f .

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3rd stage:

- the maximum voltage drop is checked

- the thermal withstand of the conductors in the event of a short circuit is checked

- for TN and IT systems, the maximum length relating to the protection of persons against
indirect contact is checked.

The conductor cross-sectional area meeting all these conditions is then chosen.

Note: an economic cross-sectional area larger than the cross-sectional area determined above may
be chosen if necessary (see § 6.3).

apparent power short-circuit


to be carried power at the origin
upstream or of the circuit
downstream
network
short-circuit
design current
current
IB I sc

rated current of protective device


protective device breaking capacity
In
choice of
choice of protective device
protective device

installation wiring system conductor check of thermal


conditions cross-sectional area withstand in case
of short-circuit

maximum voltage IT or TN earthing system


drop check

maximum wiring
system length chek
TT earthing
system

conductor cross- confirmation of the choice of wiring system


sectional area cross-sectional area and its electrical protection
determination

economic
cross-sectional
area possibly chosen

Figure 6-1: wiring system cross-sectional area and protective device choice logigram
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6.1.2. Determining the maximum design current


The maximum design current ( I B ) is defined according to the type of installation fed by the
wiring system.

In the case of individual power supply to a device, the current I B will be equal to the rated
current of the device being fed. On the other hand, if the wiring system feeds several devices,
the current I B will be equal to the sum of currents absorbed, taking into account the
installation utilisation and coincidence factors.

In the case of motor starting or cyclical operating conditions of loads (spot welding station,
see § 3.4.2), current inrushes must be taken into account when their thermal effects are
cumulated.

Some installations are subject to future extensions. The current corresponding to this
extension will be added to the existing value.

P  power consumed (in W ) 


In direct current: I=  
U  duty voltage (in V ) 

S S
In alternating current: I = in single-phase and I = in three-phase.
U U 3
S : apparent power consumed (VA)
U : . voltage between the two conductors for a single-phase power supply
. phase-to-phase voltage for a three-phase power supply

When high harmonic currents circulate in the conductor, they must be taken into account. In
order to choose the cross-sectional area, the following must therefore be taken:

1
 ∞ 
I r .m.s. = 
 ∑ I p2 

(see § 8)
 p =1 

I1 : current value at 50 Hz (or 60 Hz)


I p : value of harmonic current of order p
Ir .m.s.
For example, for a speed variator ≅ 1.7
I1
When there are compensation capacitors downstream of the wiring system, the design current
is determined as follows:

- assuming that compensation is in operation: in case of failure of the capacitors, the wiring
system is placed out of service

- assuming that compensation is out of service; in case of failure of the capacitors, the
conductor cross-sectional area is sufficient and availability is thus improved.

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513

n factor taking into account the power factor and efficiency: a

The apparent power of a load is:

P
S= in kVA
η × Fp

P : active power in kW
η : efficiency
Fp : power factor

1
We define the coefficient: a =
η × Fp

When a current stripped of harmonics flows through the conductor, Fp = cos ϕ .

n load utilisation factor: b

In an industrial installation, it is assumed that loads will never be used at their full power level.
A utilisation factor ( b ) is therefore introduced which generally varies from 0.3 to 1.

Without knowing the accurate values, we may take:

- b = 0.75 for motors

- b =1 for lighting and heating

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n coincidence factor: c

In an industrial installation, the loads (of a workshop, for example) fed by the same wiring
system do not operate simultaneously in all cases. To take this phenomenon, which is linked to
the operating conditions of the installation, into account, the coincidence factor is applied to
the sum of the load powers in conductor sizing.

In the absence of precise indications resulting from experience of standard installations, the
values of tables 6-1 et 6-2 may be applied:

Use Coincidence factor c

Lighting 1

Lighting and air conditioning 1

Power outlets 0.1 to 0.2 (for a number > 20)

Table 6-1: coincidence factor for an administrative building

Number of circuits having Coincidence factor


similar nominal currents

2 and 3 0.9

4 and 5 0.8

5 to 9 0.7

10 and more 0.6

Table 6-2: coincidence factor for industrial distribution switchboards

n factor taking into account possible future extensions: d

The value of factor d must be estimated according to the foreseeable extensions of the
installation.

In the absence of precise indications, the value 1.2 is often used.

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n power conversion factor in current: e

The power conversion factor in current is:

- e = 8 in single-phase 127 V - e = 4.35 in single-phase 230 V


- e = 2.5 in three-phase 230 V - e = 1.4 in three-phase 400 V

n maximum design current

The maximum design current is thus:

IB = P × a × b × c × d × e

P : active power in kW

6.1.3. Choosing the protective device

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516

n general rule

In compliance with IEC 364, a protective device (circuit-breaker or fuse) correctly fulfils its
function if the conditions outlined below are met.

o nominal or setting current

This must be between the design current and the current carrying capacity I a of the wiring
system:

I B ≤ I n ≤ I a , which corresponds to zone a in figure 6.2.

o conventional tripping current

This must meet the following relation:

I2 ≤ 1.45 I a , which corresponds to zone b in figure 6.2.

Ÿ case of circuit-breakers

- For domestic circuit-breakers, standard IEC 898 specifies:

I2 = 1.45 In

- For industrial circuit-breakers, standard IEC 947-2 specifies:

I2 = 1.30 I set

we thus have I2 ≤ 1.45 I n (or I set )

while I n ≤ I a (above condition)

The condition I2 ≤ 1.45 I a (zone b ) is thus automatically met.

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Ÿ case of fuses

Standard IEC 269-1 specifies that I 2 is the current which ensures that the fuse fuses in the
conventional time (1 h or 2 h); I 2 is referred to as the conventional fusing current (see § 6.3.1
of the Protection guide).

I 2 = k2 × I n where k2 = 1.6 to 1.9 depending on the fuses

Let us define the coefficient k3 such that:

k2
k3 =
1.45

Thus, the condition I2 ≤ 1.45 I a is met if:

I
In ≤ a
k3

For gG fuses:

- I n ≤ 10 A à k3 = 1.31
- 10 A < I n ≤ 25 A à k3 = 1.21
- I n > 25 A à k3 = 1.10

o breaking capacity

This must be higher than the three-phase maximum short-circuit current ( Isc 3 ) at its
installation point:

Breaking capacity ≥ Isc 3 , which corresponds to zone c in figure 6.2.

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518

o associating protective devices

The use of a protective device having a breaking capacity below the short-circuit current at the
point where it is installed is permitted by standard IEC 364 under the following conditions:

- there is another device upstream having at least the necessary breaking capacity

- the energy that the device placed upstream lets through is lower than the energy that the
downstream device and wiring systems protected by these devices can withstand without
being damaged.

This possibility is implemented:

. in circuit-breaker/fuse associations

. in the cascading technique which uses the high current limitation capacity of certain
circuit-breakers (e.g. the Compact).

The possible associations resulting from actual tests performed in a laboratory are given in
manufacturer catalogues.

6.1.4. Current-carrying capacity of wiring systems


This is the maximum current that the wiring system can continuously carry without this being
prejudicial to its lifetime.

To determine this current, it is necessary to carry out the following:

- using tables 6-3 to 6-5, define the installation method, its associated selection number and
letter, and correction factors to be applied

- using the installation conditions, the correction factor values which must be applied are
determined (see tables 6-6 to 6-15)

- calculate the overall correction factor f equal to the product of the correction factors

- using table 6-16 for selection letters B, C, E, F and table 6-17 for selection letter D, the
maximum current I 0 that the wiring system can carry under standard conditions
( f0 to f10 = 1 ) is determined

- calculate the maximum current that the wiring system can carry in relation to its installation
conditions: I a = f I 0 .

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519

n installation methods

Tables 6-3 to 6-5 give the main installation methods used in industrial networks.

For each installation method, the following is given:


- its associated selection number and letter
- the correction factors to be applied.

Factor f 0 corresponds to the installation method; factors f1 to f10 are explained below
(see tables 6-6 to 6-15).

Example Description N° Selection Correction factors


letter f0 to be applied
Single or multi-core cables with or
without armour

- fixed on a wall 11 C 1 f1 f4 f5

- fixed to a ceiling 11A C 0.95 f1 f4 f5

- on unperforated trays 12 C 1 f1 f4 f5

cables
multi-core single-
core

- on perforated trays run


horizontally or vertically 13 E F 1 f1 f4 f5

- on brackets 14 E F 1 f1 f4 f5

- on ladders 16 E F 1 f1 f4 f5

Table 6-3: installation methods for selection letters C, E and F

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Example Description N° Selection Correction factors


letter f0 to be applied

Single or multi-core cables in


building voids 21 B 0.95 f1 f4 f5 --

Single or multi-core cables in


conduits in building voids
22A B 0.865 f1 f4 f5 f6

Single or multi-core cables in


ducting in building voids
23A B 0.865 f1 f4 f5 f6

Single or multi-core cables in


ducting built into the masonry
24A B 0.865 f1 f4 f5 f7

Single or multi-core
conductors :
- in false ceilings
25 B 0.95 f1 f4 f5 --

- in suspended ceilings

Single or multi-core cables in


troughs fixed to walls:

- run horizontally
31A B 0.9 f1 f4 f5 --

- run vertically 32A B 0.9 f1 f4 f5 --

Table 6-4: installation methods for selection letter B

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Example Description N° Selection Correction factors


letter f0 to be applied

Single or multi-core cables in


troughs built into floors 33A B 0.9 f1 f4 f5 --

Single or multi-core cables in


suspended troughs 34A B 0.9 f1 f4 f5 --

Multi-core cables in enclosed


channels run horizontally or 41 B 0.95 f1 f4 f5 --
vertically

Single or multi-core cables in


43 B 1 f1 f4 f5 --
open or ventilated channels

Table 6-4 (cont.): installation methods for selection letter B

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Example Description N° Selection Correction factors


letter f0 to be applied

Single or multi-core cables in


conduits or in buried ducting 61 D 0.8 f2 f3 f8 f9

Single or multi-core cables


buried without any extra
mechanical protection 62 D 1 f2 f3 f10 --

Single or multi-core cables


buried with extra mechanical
protection 63 D 1 f2 f3 f10 --

Table 6-5: installation methods for selection letter D

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n correction factors for ambient temperatures other than 30 °C (wiring systems above
ground): f1

When electrical wiring systems are built into walls having heating elements, it is generally
necessary to reduce current-carrying capacities by applying the reduction factors in table 6-6.

This supposes that the distribution of temperatures inside the heated walls in contact with the
electrical wiring system is known.

When the air temperature is other than 30 °C, the correction coefficient to be applied is given
in the formula:

θ p −θ0
f1 =
θ p − 30o

θ p : maximum temperature permitted by the insulating material under steady-state conditions, °C


θ 0 : air temperature, °C

The value of f1 is given in table 6-6 for different values of θ p and θ 0 .

Insulation
Ambient Elastomers PVC XLPE and EPR
temperatures (°C) (rubber)
θ0 θ p = 60 °C θ p = 70 °C θ p = 90 °C
10 1.29 1.22 1.15
15 1.22 1.17 1.12
20 1.15 1.12 1.08
25 1.07 1.06 1.04
35 0.93 0.94 0.96
40 0.82 0.87 0.91
45 0.71 0.79 0.87
50 0.58 0.71 0.82
55 - 0.61 0.76
60 - 0.50 0.71
65 - - 0.65
70 - - 0.58
75 - - 0.50
80 - - 0.41
85 - - -
90 - - -
95 - - -

Table 6-6: correction factors for ambient temperatures other than 30 °C


(above ground wiring systems)

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n correction factors for ground temperatures other than 20 °C


(buried wiring systems): f 2

When the ground temperature is other than 20°C, the correction coefficient to be applied is
given in the formula:

θ p −θ0
f2 =
θ p − 20

θ p : maximum temperature permitted by the insulating material under steady-state conditions, °C


θ 0 : ground temperature, °C

The value of f 2 is given in table 6-7 for different values of θ p and θ 0 .

Ground temperature Insulation

θ 0 (°C) PVC XLPE and EPR


θ p = 70 °C θ p = 90 °C

10 1.10 1.07
15 1.05 1.04
25 0.95 0.96
30 0.89 0.93
35 0.84 0.89
40 0.77 0.85
45 0.71 0.80
50 0.63 0.76
55 0.55 0.71
60 0.45 0.65
65 - 0.60
70 - 0.53
75 - 0.46
80 - 0.38

Table 6-7: correction factor for ground temperatures other than 20 °C


(buried wiring systems)

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525

n correction factors for buried wiring systems, in relation to the soil thermal
resistivity: f 3

The soil thermal resistivity depends on the type and humidity of the ground. The correction
factor to be applied according to the soil resistivity is given in table 6-8.

Soil Correction Observations


thermal resistivity factor Humidity Type of soil
K.m/W
0.40 1.25 underwater installation marshes
0.50 1.21 very moist soil sand
0.70 1.13 moist soil clay
0.85 1.05 normal soil and
1.00 1.00 dry soil chalk
1.20 0.94
1.50 0.86 very dry soil ash
2.00 0.76 and
2.50 0.70 clinker
3.00 0.65

Table 6-8: correction factors for buried wiring systems


in relation to the soil thermal resistivity

n correction factors for a group of several multi-core cables or groups of single-core


cables

The circuits or cables may be:

- touching; the correction factor f 4 must be applied

- arranged in several layers; the correction factor f 5 must be applied

- both touching and arranged in several layers (see fig. 6-3); correction factors f 4 and f5
must then be applied.

Figure 6-3: 6 multi-core cables - 2 layers of 3 touching cables

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o touching multi-core or groups of single-core cables: f 4

The factors in table 6-9 are to be applied to homogenous groups of cables, equally loaded, for
the given installation methods.

When the horizontal distance between neighbouring cables is greater than twice their external
diameter, no reduction factor is necessary.

The same correction factors are applicable:

- to groups of two or three single-core cables

- to multi-core cables.

N° of installation Number of touching multi-core cables or


methods groups of single-core cables

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 16 20

21, 22A, 23A, 24A,


25, 31, 31A, 32, 32A, 1.00 0.80 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.55 0.50 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.40
33A, 34A, 41, 43

11, 12 1.00 0.85 0.79 0.75 0.73 0.72 0.72 0.71 0.70 No extra

11A 1.00 0.85 0.76 0.72 0.69 0.67 0.66 0.65 0.64 reduction

13 1.00 0.88 0.82 0.77 0.75 0.73 0.73 0.72 0.72 factor for

14, 16 1.00 0.88 0.82 0.80 0.80 0.79 0.79 0.78 0.78 more than 9 cables

Table 6-9: correction factors for touching multi-core cables or


groups of single-core cables

o multi-core cables or groups of single-core cables arranged in several layers: f 5

When cables are arranged in several layers, the correction factors in table 6-10 must be
applied.

Number of layers 2 3 4 or 5 6 to 8 9 plus

Correction factors f 5 0.80 0.73 0.70 0.68 0.66

table 6-10: correction factors for a group of multi-core cables


or groups of single-core cables arranged in several layers

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527

n correction factors in relation to the number of conduits in air and their arrangement
(see table 6-11): f 6

Number of Number of conduits arranged horizontally


conduits arranged
1 2 3 4 5 6
vertically

1 1 0.94 0.91 0.88 0.87 0.86


2 0.92 0.87 0.84 0.81 0.80 0.79
3 0.85 0.81 0.78 0.76 0.75 0.74
4 0.82 0.78 0.74 0.73 0.72 0.72
5 0.80 0.76 0.72 0.71 0.70 0.70
6 0.79 0.75 0.71 0.70 0.69 0.68

Table 6-11: correction factors in relation to the number of conduits in the air and their arrangement

n correction factors in relation to the number of conduits buried or built into concrete
and their arrangement (see table 6-12): f 7

Number of conduits Number of conduits arranged horizontally


arranged vertically
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 0.87 0.77 0.72 0.68 0.65
2 0.87 0.71 0.62 0.57 0.53 0.50
3 0.77 0.62 0.53 0.48 0.45 0.42
4 0.72 0.57 0.48 0.44 0.40 0.38
5 0.68 0.53 0.45 0.40 0.37 0.35
6 0.65 0.50 0.42 0.38 0.35 0.32

Table 6-12: correction factors in relation to the number of conduits buried or built into concrete and their
arrangement

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528

n correction factors for non-touching buried conduits run horizontally or vertically on


the basis of one cable or group of 3 single-core cables per conduit
(see table 6-13) : f 8

Distance between conduits (a)


Number of conduits 0.25 m 0.5 m 1.0 m

2 0.93 0.95 0.97


3 0.87 0.1 0.95
4 0.84 0.9 0.94
5 0.81 0.7 0.93
6 0.79 0.6 0.93

Table 6-13: correction factors for non-touching buried conduits run horizontally or vertically on the basis
of one cable or group of 3 single-core cables per conduit

The distances between conduits are measured as shown in figure 6-4.

a
multi-core cables

a
single-core cables

Figure 6-4: distance between conduits (a)

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Industrial electrical network design guide T&D 6 883 427/AE


529

n correction factors in the case of several circuits or cables in the same buried conduit
(see table 6-14): f 9

This is applicable to groups of cables with varying cross-sectional areas but having the same
allowable maximum temperature.

Arrangement of Correction factors


touching circuits
or cables
Number of circuits or multi-core cables

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 16 20

Installed in a buried
1 0.71 0.58 0.5 0.45 0.41 0.38 0.35 0.33 0.29 0.25 0.22
conduit

Table 6-14: correction factors in the case of several circuits or cables


in the same buried conduit

n correction factors for a group of several cables installed directly in the ground - single
or multi-core cables arranged horizontally or vertically (see table 6-15): f10

Distance between cables or groups of 3 single-core cables (a)

Number of cables Zero One cable 0.25 m 0.5 m 1.0 m


or circuits (touching diameter
cables)

2 0.76 0.79 0.84 0.88 0.92


3 0.64 0.67 0.74 0.79 0.85
4 0.57 0.61 0.69 0.75 0.82
5 0.52 0.56 0.65 0.71 0.80
6 0.49 0.53 0.60 0.69 0.78

Table 6-15: correction factors for a group of several cables installed directly in the ground -
single or multi-core cables arranged horizontally or vertically

The distances between cables are measured as shown in figure 6-5.

a a
multi-core cables single-core cables

Figure 6-5: distance between cables (a)


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Industrial electrical network design guide T&D 6 883 427/AE


530

n current-carrying capacities (in amps) of wiring systems in standard installation


conditions for selection letters B, C, E, F

The current carrying capacities given in table 6-16 are valid for simple circuits made up of the
following number of conductors:

Selection letter B:

- two insulated conductors or two single-core cables or one two-core cable


- three insulated conductors or three single-core cables or one three-core cable

Selection letter C:

- two single-core cables or one two-core cable


- three single-core cables or one three-core cable

Selection letters E and F (see fig. 6-6):

- one two-core or three-core cable for letter E


- two or three single-core cables for letter F .

E E F F

Figure 6-6: illustration of installation methods for selection letters E and F

The number of conductors to be considered in a circuit is that of the conductors through which
the current actually flows. When, in a three-phase circuit, the currents are assumed to be
balanced, it is not necessary to take into account the corresponding neutral conductor.

When the current value of the neutral conductor is close to that of the phases, a reduction
factor of 0.84 is to be applied. Such currents may, for example, be due to the presence of third
harmonic currents in the phase conductors (see § 6.2).

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531

Selection letter Insulating material and number of loaded conductors


B PVC 3 PVC 2 XLPE 3 XLPE 2
C PVC 3 PVC 2 XLPE 3 XLPE 2
E PVC 3 PVC 2 XLPE 3 XLPE 2
F PVC 3 PVC 2 XLPE3 XLPE2
Copper cross-
section (mm²)
1.5 15.5 17.5 18.5 19.5 22 23 24 26
2.5 21 24 25 27 30 31 33 36
4 28 32 34 36 40 42 45 49
6 36 41 43 48 51 54 58 63
10 50 57 60 63 70 75 80 86
16 68 76 80 85 94 100 107 115
25 89 96 101 112 119 127 138 149 161
35 110 119 126 138 147 158 169 185 200
50 134 144 153 168 179 192 207 225 242
70 171 184 196 213 229 246 268 289 310
95 207 223 238 258 278 298 328 352 377
120 239 259 276 299 322 346 382 410 437
150 299 319 344 371 395 441 473 504
185 341 364 392 424 450 506 542 575
240 403 430 461 500 538 599 641 679
300 464 497 530 576 621 693 741 783
400 656 754 825 940
500 749 868 946 1083
630 855 1005 1088 1254
Aluminium cross-
section (mm²)
2.5 16.5 18.5 19.5 21 23 24 26 28
4 22 25 26 28 31 32 35 38
6 28 32 33 36 39 42 45 49
10 39 44 46 49 54 58 62 67
16 53 59 61 66 73 77 84 91
25 70 73 78 83 90 97 101 108 121
35 86 90 96 103 112 120 126 135 150
50 104 110 117 125 136 146 154 164 184
70 133 140 150 160 174 187 198 211 237
95 161 170 183 195 211 227 241 257 289
120 186 197 212 226 245 263 280 300 337
150 227 245 261 283 304 324 346 389
185 259 280 298 323 347 371 397 447
240 305 330 352 382 409 439 470 530
300 351 381 406 440 471 508 543 613
400 526 600 663 740
500 610 694 770 856
630 711 808 899 996

Table 6-16: current carrying capacities (in amps) of wiring systems in standard installation conditions
( f0 to f10 = 1) for selection letters B, C, E, F
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Industrial electrical network design guide T&D 6 883 427/AE


532

n current-carrying capacities (in amps) of wiring systems in standard installation conditions


for selection letter D (buried wiring systems) (see table 6-17)

The number of conductors to be considered in a circuit is that of the conductors through which
the current actually flows. When, in a three-phase circuit, the currents are assumed to be
balanced, it is not necessary to take into account the corresponding neutral conductor.

When the current value of the neutral conductor is close to that of the phases, a reduction
factor of 0.84 is to be applied. Such currents may, for example, be due to the presence of third
harmonic currents in the phase conductors (see § 6.2).

Selection letter Insulating material and number of loaded conductors


D PVC 3 PVC 2 XLPE 3 XLPE 2
Copper cross-sectional
area (mm²)
1.5 26 32 31 37
2.5 34 42 41 48
4 44 54 53 63
6 56 67 66 80
10 74 90 87 104
16 96 116 113 136
25 123 148 144 173
35 147 178 174 208
50 174 211 206 247
70 216 261 254 304
95 256 308 301 360
120 290 351 343 410
150 328 397 387 463
185 367 445 434 518
240 424 514 501 598
300 480 581 565 677
Aluminium cross-sectional
area (mm²)
10 57 68 67 80
16 74 88 87 104
25 94 114 111 133
35 114 137 134 160
50 134 161 160 188
70 167 200 197 233
95 197 237 234 275
120 224 270 266 314
150 254 304 300 359
185 285 343 337 398
240 328 396 388 458
300 371 447 440 520

Table 6-17: current carrying capacities (in amps) of wiring systems in standard installation conditions
( f0 to f10 = 1) for selection letter D (buried wiring systems)

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Industrial electrical network design guide T&D 6 883 427/AE


533

6.1.5. Practical method for determining the minimum cross-sectional area of an LV


wiring system

conductor design current


installation
conditions IB
determination of the protective device rated current I n or
setting current I set taken to be just higher than the design
current: I n or I set I B
I n or I set
determination of the
selection letter and determination of current I z of the wiring system to be
overall correction protected by the protective device
factor f
(see tab. 8-3 to 8-5)
fuse circuit-breaker
Iz 1.31 I n if I n 10 A
Iz 1.21 I n if I n 10 A
Iz I n or I set
and I n 25 A
Iz 1.10 I n if I n 25 A

I z1 I z2

determination of the cross-sectional area S of the wiring system


conductors able to carry I z1 or I z2 :
I z1 I '
- calculate the equivalent current I z or z 2 (1)
f f
'
- determine the cross-sectional area able to carry I z in standard
installation conditions, depending on the insulating material, the
number of loaded conductors and the type of conductor (copper or
aluminium) (see tab. 8-16 and 8-17)

check of other required conditions:

- maximum voltage drop

- maximum length for protection against indirect contact


(IT and TN earthing systems)

- check of thermal withstand in case of short circuit

(1) I z' is an equivalent current which, in standard installation


conditions, causes the same thermal effect as I z1 or I z2
in actual installation conditions

Figure 6-7: logigram for determining the cross-sectional area of a LV wiring system
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Industrial electrical network design guide T&D 6 883 427/AE

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