Year 11 Week 19 Cycle Test

Chemistry
Duration: 50 minutes

Total Marks: 44 marks

Student Name: ___________________________________________________________

Material Required: Scientific calculator, ruler, black ink or ball-point pen, periodic table.
Submission Deadline: 20th February 2024
Submission Type: PDF

Instructions:

1. Answer the questions in the spaces provided – there may be more space than you need.
2. Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
3. Use black ink or ball-point pen.
4. Answer all questions.

Academic Honesty Honour Pledge:

I affirm that this work is entirely my own and that I have not used any dishonest means to
answer this examination, nor have I received or given any unauthorised help on this exam.

Signed: ………………………………………………

1
 2
The Periodic Table of the Elements
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0
1 4
H He
hydrogen helium

Key 1 2

7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
3 4 atomic (proton) number 5 6 7 8 9 10

23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 63.5 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

85 88 89 91 93 96 [98] 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

133 137 139 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 [209] [210] [222]
Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium lanthanum hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon

*P73425A0224*
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

[223] [226] [227] [261] [262] [266] [264] [277] [268] [271] [272]
Fr Ra Ac* Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Elements with atomic numbers 112–116 have been reported but not fully
francium radium actinium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium
authenticated
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111

* The lanthanoids (atomic numbers 58–71) and the actinoids (atomic numbers 90–103) have been omitted.

The relative atomic masses of copper and chlorine have not been rounded to the nearest whole number.


DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
 Answer ALL questions.

Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .

1 This question is about Group 7, the halogens.

(a) What is the total number of electrons in one fluorine atom?

(1)
A 7

B 9

C 10

D 19

(b) What is the charge on a bromide ion?

(1)
A 1–

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

B 1+

C 2–

D 2+

(c) Which of these describes the element iodine at room temperature?

(1)
A brown liquid
B brown solid

C grey solid

D purple gas

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

3
*P73425A0424* 
 2 ) A student uses this method to investigate the reaction between
sodium hydroxide solution and dilute hydrochloric acid.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
• pour 25 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid into a glass beaker
• measure the temperature of the acid
• add 5 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution and stir the mixture
• record the highest temperature reached
• continue to add further 5 cm3 portions of sodium hydroxide solution until a total
of 40 cm3 has been added
• record the temperature after adding each 5 cm3 portion of
sodium hydroxide solution
(a) State two factors that the student must keep constant to make this a
valid investigation.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) Explain how using a polystyrene cup, instead of a glass beaker, would increase the
accuracy of the results.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

4
*P73425A01024* 
 (c) The graph shows the student’s results.

40
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

35

30

25
Temperature
change in °C
20

15

10

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Volume of sodium hydroxide in cm3

(i) Use the graph to determine the maximum temperature change in °C.
(1)

maximum temperature change = ................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . °C

(ii) Explain the shape of the graph.
(3)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5
 *P73425A01124* Turn over
 (d) The student repeats the experiment using a polystyrene cup.
These are the student’s results.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
Maximum temperature change 35 °C

Volume of hydrochloric acid 25 cm3

Volume of sodium hydroxide solution added for complete reaction 22 cm3

Calculate the heat energy change (Q) in kJ.

[for the solution, 1.0 cm3 has a mass of 1.0 g c = 4.2 J / g / °C]
(4)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Q = ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kJ
(Total for Question = 12 marks)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

6
*P73425A01224* 
3) This question is about carboxylic acids and esters.

(a) Ethanoic acid reacts with magnesium to form two products.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
(i) Complete the equation for this reaction.
(2)

......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................... → (CH3COO)2Mg + ................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give two observations that could be made during this reaction.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) Propanoic acid reacts with methanol to form an ester.
(i) Give the name of a suitable catalyst for this reaction.
(1)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) What is the structural formula of the ester that forms?

(1)
A HCOOCH2CH2CH3

B CH3COOCH2CH2CH3

C CH3CH2COOCH3
D CH3CH2CH2COOCH3

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

7
*P73425A01424* 
 (c) A polyester can be made by reacting ethanedioic acid with ethanediol.
These are the displayed formulae of the two reactants.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

O O H H

H O C C O H H O C C O H

H H
ethanedioic acid ethanediol

(i) Give the name for this type of polymerisation.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give the name of the other product of this reaction.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(iii) Draw the displayed formula for the repeat unit of the polyester that forms.
(2)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(Total for Question = 8 marks)

8
 *P73425A01524* Turn over
4) a) The diagram shows two pieces of apparatus used in a titration.

cm3

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
0

25
cm3
Not to scale

50

X Y

Give the names of these pieces of apparatus.

(2)

X ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Y ............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(b) Give the name of a suitable indicator that can be used in an acid-alkali titration.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

9
*P73425A01624* 
 (c) A student does a titration using sodium carbonate solution and dilute nitric acid.
This is the equation for the reaction.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Na2CO3 + 2HNO3 → 2NaNO3 + CO2 + H2O

The table shows the concentrations of the two solutions and the volume of
sodium carbonate used in the titration.

Concentration of nitric acid in mol / dm3 0.350

Concentration of sodium carbonate solution in mol / dm3 0.220

Volume of sodium carbonate solution in cm3 25.0

Use the equation and the data in the table to answer these questions.
(i) Calculate the volume of dilute nitric acid that the student would need to
neutralise the sodium carbonate solution.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(3)

volume of nitric acid = ..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cm3

(ii) Calculate the volume, in cm3, of carbon dioxide gas at rtp that would be
produced from the 25.0 cm3 of the sodium carbonate solution.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[at rtp, molar volume = 24 000 cm3]

(2)

volume of carbon dioxide = ................................... . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cm3

�Total for Question = 8 marks�

10
 *P73425A01724* Turn over
 5) (a) Sodium chloride is an ionic compound.

Explain why sodium chloride conducts electricity when it is molten or in solution,

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
but not when it is solid.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) A solution of sodium chloride can be electrolysed using this apparatus.

P Q

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

sodium chloride
solution

+ –

power supply

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

11
*P73425A02024* 
 (i) If the solution is dilute, a significant amount of oxygen collects at P.
Complete the ionic half-equation for this reaction.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(1)

................ H2O → ................ H+ + ................ O2 + ................ e–

(ii) If the solution is concentrated, chlorine is the main product that collects at P.
This is the ionic half-equation for the reaction.

2Cl– → Cl2 + 2e–

State why this is an oxidation reaction.

(1)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c) The gas that collects at Q is hydrogen.

(i) Give a test for hydrogen.
(1)

................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

12
 *P73425A02124* Turn over
 (d) Hydrogen reacts with oxygen to form water.
The equation shows the covalent bonds in the molecules.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
2H H + O O → 2H O H
The table gives the bond energies.

Bond H H O O O H

Bond energy in kJ / mol 436 498 463

(i) Use the equation and the values in the table to calculate the enthalpy change,
ΔH , for the reaction.
Include a sign in your answer.
(3)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

ΔH = ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kJ
(ii) Complete the diagram to show the energy levels of the reactants and
products, and the enthalpy change, ΔH .
(3)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Energy

(Total for Question = 11 marks)

13
*P73425A02224* 