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    Grape Diseases

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    mahaveer dhareppanavar
    This document summarizes three common grape diseases: Downy mildew, Powdery mildew, and Bird's Eye Spot/Anthracnose. Downy mildew causes yellow spots on leaves and white fungal growth on berries. Powdery mildew produces a white powdery growth on leaves and berries. Bird's Eye Spot first appears as dark red spots on berries that later become sunken and gray with a dark margin. The document provides details on symptoms, pathogens, disease cycles, and management strategies for each disease.

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    Grape Diseases

    Uploaded by

    mahaveer dhareppanavar
    15 views4 pages
    This document summarizes three common grape diseases: Downy mildew, Powdery mildew, and Bird's Eye Spot/Anthracnose. Downy mildew causes yellow spots on leaves and white fungal growth on berries. Powdery mildew produces a white powdery growth on leaves and berries. Bird's Eye Spot first appears as dark red spots on berries that later become sunken and gray with a dark margin. The document provides details on symptoms, pathogens, disease cycles, and management strategies for each disease.

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    It contains all the diseases related to grapes.

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    Grape diseases

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    This document summarizes three common grape diseases: Downy mildew, Powdery mildew, and Bird's Eye Spot/Anthracnose. Downy mildew causes yellow spots on leaves and white fungal growth on berries. Powdery mildew produces a white powdery growth on leaves and berries. Bird's Eye Spot first appears as dark red spots on berries that later become sunken and gray with a dark margin. The document provides details on symptoms, pathogens, disease cycles, and management strategies for each disease.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views4 pages

    Grape Diseases

    Uploaded by

    mahaveer dhareppanavar
    This document summarizes three common grape diseases: Downy mildew, Powdery mildew, and Bird's Eye Spot/Anthracnose. Downy mildew causes yellow spots on leaves and white fungal growth on berries. Powdery mildew produces a white powdery growth on leaves and berries. Bird's Eye Spot first appears as dark red spots on berries that later become sunken and gray with a dark margin. The document provides details on symptoms, pathogens, disease cycles, and management strategies for each disease.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Lecture 04 - Diseases of Grapes

    Downy mildew: Plasmopara viticola


    Symptoms

    Irregular, yellowish, translucent sports on the upper surface of the leaves.


    Correspondingly on the lower surface, white, powdery growth on leaves. Affected leaves
    become, yellow, brown and gets dried. Premature defoliation. Dwarfing of tender shoots. Brown,
    sunken lesions on the stem. White growth of fungus on berries which subsequently becomes
    leathery and shrivels. Later infection of berries result in soft rot symptoms. No cracking of the
    skin of the berries.
    Pathogen
    Mycelium is intercellular with spherical haustoria, coenocytic, thin walled and hyaline.
    Sporangiophores arise from hyphae in the sub stomatal spaces. It branched at right angle to the
    main axis and at regular intervals. Secondary branches arise from lower branches.The sporangia
    are thin walled, oval or lemon shaped. The Zoospores are pear shaped, biflagellate and 7 – 9
    micron meter. The oospores are thick walled.
    Mode of Spread and Survival
    Through sporangia by wind, rain etc. As oospores present in the infected leaves, shoots and
    berries. Also as dormant mycelium in infected twigs. Optimum temperature: 20-22°C. Relative
    humidity: 80-100 per cent.
    Disease Cycle

    Management
    Spray Bordeaux mixture 1 % or Metalaxyl + Mancozeb 0.4 %.
    Powdery mildew : Uncinula necator
    Symptoms
    Powdery growth mostly on the upper surface of the
    leaves.Malformation and discolouration of affected
    leaves. Discolouration of stem to dark brown. Floral
    infection results in shedding of flowers and poor fruit set.
    Early berry infection results in shedding of affected
    berries. Powdery growth is visible on older berries and the infection results in the Cracking of
    skin of the berries.
    Pathogen
    White growth consists of mycelium, conidiophores and conidia. Mycelium is external,
    septate and hyaline. Conidiophores are short and arise from external mycelium. Conidia are
    produced in chain. They are single celled, hyaline and barrel shaped. The fungus is oidium type.
    Mode of Spread and Survival
    It spread through air-borne conidia. Through dormont mycelium and conidia present in
    the infected shoots and buds. Sultry warm conditions with dull cloudy weather, highly
    favourable.
    Disease Cycle

    Management
    Spray Inorganic sulphur 0.25 % or Chinomethionate 0.1 % or Dinocap 0.05 %.
    Bird’s Eye Spot/Anthracnose: Gloeosporium ampelophagum (Elsinoe amphelina)
    Symptoms
    The disease appears first as dark red spots on the
    berry. Later, these spots are circular, sunken, ashy- gray
    and in late stages these spots are surrounded by a dark
    margin which gives it the “bird’s-eye rot”
    appearance. The spots vary in size from 1/4 inch in
    diameter to about half the fruit. The fungus also attacks shoots, tendrils, petioles, leaf veins, and
    fruit stems. Numerous spots sometimes occur on the young shoots. These spots may unite and
    girdle the stem, causing death of the tips. Spots on petioles and leaves cause them to curl or
    become distorted.
    Pathogen
    Mycelium is septate and dark colored. Conidia single celled oval and hyaline.
    Mode of Spread and Survival
    Seed-borne-infected vine, cuttings and air-borne conidia. As dormant mycelium in the
    infected stem-cankers. Warm wet weather. Low lying and badly drained soils.
    Disease Cycle

    Management
    Removal of infected twigs.Copper oxychloride 0.2% or Mancozeb 0.25%

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