Physics – Gravitational Motion Advance Revision Assignment

1. If we define gravitation flux linked with any surface according to the equation
𝜙 = ∫ 𝐸 ⃗ . 𝑑𝐴⃗
(where 𝐸 ⃗ is gravitational field intensity and 𝑑𝐴⃗ is small area element), then what is the
magnitude of the gravitation flux linked with any closed surface enclosing the mass m?
(a) 𝐺𝑚 (b) (c) (d) 4𝜋𝐺𝑚
2. Imagine a light planet revolving around a very massive star in a circular orbit of radius R
with a period of revolution T. If the gravitation force of attraction between the planet and
the star proportional to 𝑅 / then:
(a) 𝑇 ∝ 𝑅 (b) 𝑇 ∝ 𝑅 /
(c) 𝑇 ∝ 𝑅 / (d) 𝑇 ∝ 𝑅 .
3. A particle of mass m is projected in a transverse direction from a height R (Radius of
earth) above surface of earth. Find the minimum initial speed so that it just grazes the
surface of earth [mass of earth M]

(a) (b) (c) (d)

4. From a solid sphere of mass M and radius R, a spherical portion of radius R, a spherical
portion of radius R/2 is removed as shown in figure. Taking gravitational potential 𝑉 = 0
at 𝑟 = ∞ the potential at the centre of the cavity thus formed is (G = gravitational
constant)

(a) − (b) − (c) − (d)

5. A certain planet completes one rotation about its axis in time T. The weight of an object
placed at the equator of the planets surface is a friction f (f is close to unity) of its weight
recorded at a latitude of 60° . The density of the planet (assumed to be uniform) is given
by:
(a) (b)

(c) (d)
6. A satellite is launched from a point close to the surface of the earth (radius R) with a
velocity 𝑣 = 𝑣 √1.5, where 𝑣 is the velocity in a circular orbit. If the initial velocity
imparted to the satellite is horizontal, the maximum distance from the surface of the earth
during its revolution is.
(a) R (b) 2R (c) 3R (d) 4R
7. Two objects of masses m and 4 m are at rest at an infinite separation. They move towards
each other under mutual gravitational attraction. G is the universal constant. Then at
separation r.
(a) The total energy of the two objects is zero
⁄
(b) Their relative velocity of approach is

(c) The total kinetic energy of the objects is

(d) Net angular momentum of both the particles is zero about any point
8. Two uniform solid spheres of equal radii R, but masses M and 4M have a centre to centre
separation 6 R, as shown in figure. The two spheres are held fixed. A projectile of mass m
is projected from the surface of the sphere of mass M directly towards the centre of the
second sphere. If the minimum speed of the projectile so that it reaches the surface of the

second sphere is 𝑥 . Find the value of 𝑥.

9. The minimum and maximum distances of a satellite from the centre of the earth are 2R
and 4R respectively, where R is the radius of earth and M is the mass of the earth. If the
radius of curvature at the point of maximum distance is 𝑥𝑅. Find the value of 𝑥. _____
10.Two masses 𝑚 and 𝑚 at an infinite distance from each other are initially at rest, start
interacting gravitationally. If their velocity of approach when they are at a distance r
( )
apart is . Find the value of 𝑥. ____
11.A bullet if fired vertically upwards with velocity 𝑣 from the surface of a spherical planet.
When it reaches its maximum height, its acceleration due to the planet’s gravity is of
its value of the surface of the planet. If the escape velocity from the planet 𝑣 = 𝑣√𝑁,
then the value of N is (ignore energy loss due to atmosphere) ____
12.A large spherical mass M is fixed at one position and two identical point masses m are
kept on a line passing thorough the centre of M (see figure). The point masses are
connected by a rigid massless rod of length 𝑙 and this assembly is free to move along the
line connecting them. All three masses interact only through their mutual gravitational
interaction. When the point mass nearer to M is at a distance 𝑟 = 31 from M, the tension
in the rod is zero for 𝑚 = 𝑘 . The value of k is ____
13.A planet of mass M, has to natural satellites with masses 𝑚 and 𝑚 . The radii of their
circular orbits are 𝑅 and 𝑅 respectively, Ignore the gravitational force between the
satellites. Define 𝑣 , 𝐿 , 𝐾 and 𝑇 to be, respectively. The orbital speed, angular
momentum, kinetic energy and time period of revolution of satellite 1; and 𝑣 , 𝐿 , 𝐾 and
𝑇 to be the corresponding quantities of satellite 2. Given 𝑚 ⁄𝑚 = 2 and 𝑅 ⁄𝑅 = 1/4 ,
match the ratios in column-I to the numbers in column – II
Column - I Column - II
P. 𝑣 ⁄𝑣 1. 1/8
Q. 𝐿 ⁄𝐿 2. 1
R. 𝐾 ⁄𝐾 3. 2
S. 𝑇 ⁄𝑇 4. 8

14.A satellite is revolving round the earth in a circular orbit of radius ‘a’ with velocity 𝑣 . A
particle of mass m is projected from the satellite in forward direction with relative

velocity 𝑣 = − 1 𝑣 . During subsequent motion of particle, match the following

Column - I Column - II
A. Total energy of particle (p) −
B. Minimum distance of particle from (q)
the earth
C. Maximum distance of particle from (r) 5a/3
the earth
D. The kinetic energy (s) 𝑎

Passage (15 – 17): Two satellites A and B are revolving around the earth in circular orbits of
radius 𝑟 and 𝑟 respectively with 𝑟 < 𝑟 . Plane of motion of the two are same at position 1.
A is given an impulse in the direction of velocity by firing a rocket so that it follows an
elliptical path to meet B at position 2 as shown. Focal lengths of the elliptical path are 𝑟 and
𝑟 respectively. At position 2, A is given another impulse so that velocities of A and B at 2
become equal and the two move together
For any elliptical path of the satellite time period of revolution is given by Kepler’s planetary
law as 𝑇 ∝ 𝑟 where ‘a’ is semi major axis of the ellipse which is in this case. Also
angular momentum of any satellite revolving around the earth will remain at constant about
Earth’s centre as force of gravity on the satellite which keeps it in elliptical path is along its
position vector relative to the earth centre
15.When A is given its first impulse at that moment:

(a) A, B and centre of earth are in same straight line

(b) B is ahead of A angularly
(c) B is behind A angularly
(d) None of these
16.If the two have same mass :
(a) A would have more potential energy then B while on their initial circular paths
(b) A would have less kinetic energy than B while on their initial circular paths
(c) Relative to Earth’s centre, angular momentum of A when it is in elliptical path would
be less than angular momentum of B
(d) During the whole process angular momentum of B would be more than angular
momentum of A.
17.If 𝑟 = 3𝑟 and time period of revolution for B be T then time taken by A in moving from
position 1 to position 2 is:
√ √ √ √
(a) 𝑇 (b) 𝑇 (c) (d)
√ √
18.Two planets A and B describe circles of radii 𝑟 and 𝑟 round the sun as centre with speed
varying inversely as the square root of their radii. Find the angle between the radii of
these two planets when their relative angular velocity is zero.
19.A body is launched from the earth's surface at an angle 𝛼 = 30° to the horizontal at a
.
speed 𝑣 = . Neglecting air resistance and earth's rotation. Find the height to
which the body will rise. Here M is mass of earth and R the radius of earth
20.Binary stars of comparable masses 𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚 rotate under the influence of each other’s
gravity with a time period T. If they are stopped suddenly in their motions, find their
relative velocity when they collide with each other. The radii of the stars are
𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅 respectively. G is the universal constant of gravitation
21.If the earth (supposed spherical) was covered by an ocean of uniform depth h, prove that
the value of the gravity at the bottom of the ocean would exceed that at the top by
4𝜋𝐺ℎ (2𝜌 − 3𝜎)/3 approximately, where 𝜎 is density of ocean, 𝜌 is mean density of the
earth. (h R << , radius of the earth)
22.The binding energy of a particle of mass m with a planet, when it is on the planets
surface, is 𝑚𝑣 . A tunnel is dug a diameter of the planet and the particle is dropped into
it from the surface, when the body reaches the centre of the planet, its speed is
(a) 𝑣 (b) (c) zero (d)
√
23.At the centre of a non-uniform ring of radius R, made up of two uniform halves of mass 2
M and M
(G : Newton’s gravitational constant)
(a) Field and potential both are zero
(b) Field is zero but potential is
(c) Field is zero but potential is −
(d) Magnitude of field is and potential is −
24.Two stars of masses 𝑚 and 𝑚 distance r apart, revolve their centre of mass. The period
of revolution is
( )
(a) 2𝜋 ( )
(b) 2𝜋

(c) 2𝜋 ( )
(d) 2𝜋 ( )

25.Two tunnels AB and AC are dug inside the earth as shown in the figure A is at R/2
distance from centre of earth. A particle of mass 𝑚 projected along AB and another
particle of mass 𝑚 is projected along AC such that both escapes. Then ratio of their
minimum velocities is

(a) 1 : 1 (b) 2 : 1 (c) 1 : 2 (d) none of these

26.An artificial satellite of mass m is moving in circular orbit at a height equal to the radius R
of the earth. Suddenly due to internal explosion the satellite breaks into two parts of
equal masses. One part of the satellite stops just after the explosion and then falls to the
surface of the earth. The increase in the mechanical energy of the system (satellite + earth)
due to explosion will be (g is the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of earth)
(a) 𝑚𝑔𝑅 (b) (c) (d)
27.A particle of mass equal to half of the earth’s mass is released at a distance h(h = R) from
the surface of earth. The time after which the particle will hit earth’s surface is

(a) (b) (c) (d)

28.A planet of mass m is moving in an elliptical orbit round the sun (mass M) as shown in
figure. Then the angular momentum of the planet may be written as
 ( . )
(a) 𝐿 = ( ) ⁄
(b) 𝐿 = 𝑚
( )
(c) 𝐿 = (d) L = 0
29.A planet moves around sun in an elliptical orbit of eccentricity e. The ratio of the velocity
at perigee 𝑉 and at apogee 𝑉 is given by

(a) = (b) =

(c) = (d) =
30.Inside a uniform sphere of Mass M and radius R, a cavity of radius R/3 is made in the
sphere as shown

(a) Gravitational field inside the cavity is uniform

(b) Gravitational field inside the cavity is non-uniform

(c) The escape velocity of a particle projected from point A is

(d) Escape velocity is defined for earth and particle system only
31.A solid sphere of uniform density and radius 4 units is located with its centre at the
origin O of coordinates. Two spheres of equal radii 1 unit, with their centres at A
(−2, 0, 0) and B (2, 0, 0) respectively are taken out of the solid leaving behind spherical
cavity as shown in figure.
 (a)
The gravitational field due to this object at the origin is zero
(b)
The gravitational field at the point B (2, 0, 0) is zero
(c)
The gravitational potential is the same at all points of the circle 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 36
(d)
The gravitational potential is the same at all points of the circle 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
Passage (32 – 34): The gravitational field strength 𝐸⃗ and gravitational V are related as 𝐸⃗ =
− 𝚤̂ + 𝚥̂ + 𝑘

In the figure, transversal lines represent equipotential surfaces. A particle of mass m is

released from rest at the origin. The gravitational unit of potential, 1 𝑉 = 1 𝑐𝑚 /𝑠
32.𝑦-component of E at the point whose co-ordinates are (4 cm, 4 cm) is
(a) 1 𝑐𝑚 /𝑠 (b) 8 𝑐𝑚 /𝑠 (c) 4 𝑐𝑚 /𝑠 (d) none of these
33.Speed of a particle (v) (y is in cm and v is in cm/s) as function of its y- co-ordinate is
(a) 𝑣 = 2 𝑦 (b) 𝑣 = √2 . 𝑦
(c) 𝑣 = 2𝑦 (d) 𝑣 = 2𝑦 + 4𝑦 + 2𝑦
34.A particle of mass m (where m is the mass in gram) is released from point O with initial
velocity zero. The work done by gravitational force on the particle, when it is taken from
O to B, is

(a) 30 m, unit (b) −15 𝑚, unit

(c) −30 𝑚, unit (d) + 15 m, unit
Passage (35 – 36): A solid sphere of mass M and radius R is surrounded by a spherical shell
of same mass M and radius 2R as shown. A small particle of mass m is released from rest
from a height h ( << R) above the shell. There is a hole in the shell

35.In what time will it enter the hole at A

(a) 2 (b) (c) (d) none of these

36.What time will it take to move from A to B
(a) = (b) >
√ √

(c) < (d) none of these

√
37.E and V are the gravitational field and potential respectively
Column - I Column - II
A. (P) < 1

Concentric charged spherical shells

B. (Q) <1

Solid uniformly charged sphere

C. A charged spherical having inner radii (R) >1
R/2 and outer radii R
 D. (S) >1

Two identical co-axial charged rings

38.An artificial satellite is moving in a circular orbit around the earth with a speed equal to
half the magnitude of escape velocity from the earth. If the satellite is stopped suddenly
in its orbit and allowed to fall freely onto the earth, the speed with which it hits the
surface of the earth is found to be 79 × 10 𝑚⁄𝑠 (approx.) Find n. ____
39.A spherical hole of radius is drilled from a planet of mass M as shown in the figure. If
the gravitational acceleration at a point on the surface of the planet just above the hole is
11/n 𝑚⁄𝑠 , find the value of n
[Given: G = 6.66 × 10 𝑁. 𝑚 /𝑘𝑔 , R = 6 × 10 𝑚, M = 6 × 10 kg]

40.Two equal masses are situated at a separation 𝑟 . One of them is imparted a velocity 𝑣 =
perpendicular to the line joining them both are free to move. Treating motion only

under mutual gravitational force. Find the ratio of maximum and minimum separation
between them ____
 Answer Key

1. (d) 4. (a) 7. (a,b,c,d) 10. (2)

2. (b) 5. (a) 8. (0.6) 11. (2)
3. (d) 6. (b) 9. (2.66) 12. (7)

13. P → 3; 𝑄 → 2; 𝑅 → 4; 𝑆 → 1
14. A → (𝑝), 𝐵 → (𝑠); 𝐶 → (𝑟); 𝐷 → (𝑞)
15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (c)

√ (√ √ )
18. 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠
√ √
19. 𝑟 = 3.3323 𝑅 or h = 𝑟 − 𝑅 = 2.323 𝑅
2𝐺 (𝑚 + 𝑚 )
20. 𝑣 = /
− ( )
]

21. [2𝜌 − 3𝜎]

22. (b) 25. (a) 28. (b) 31. (a, c, d) 34. (a)
23. (d) 26. (c) 29. (a) 32. (a) 35. (a)
24. (d) 27. (a) 30. (a, c) 33. (a) 36. (c)

37. A → 𝑄, 𝑅, ; 𝐵 → 𝑄, 𝑅; 𝐶 → 𝑄, 𝑅; 𝐷 → 𝑃, 𝑄
38. 2 39. (2) 40. (3)