02 Dhatuposhna

Dhatuposhana
Dr. JYOTHI T
Asst. Prof
Department of Kriya Sharira

IIARH Rajkot
Introduction
 s s15/3
 As the root is moola during Sambhava, Sthithi and Pralaya for that
tree, in the same way Dosha, Dhatu and Mala are the Moola for
Shareera.
NOURISHMENT OF THE DHATUS
c. s 28/3
 There are four types of aahara (अशित ऩीत ऱीढ खाददत)

For proper nourishment of Dhatu, the aahara rasa should be
 paramsukshma: having minute destructed particles of

mahabhutas
 saarabhuta: having finest properties of mahabhuta.
tejobhuta. : means completely digested

Aharapaka:
Stage 1
Panchabhautik aahar sevana(अशित ऩीत ऱीढ खाददत)
Madhura awasthapaka: Transformation of prithvi and jala mahabhuta

paramanu: kapha
Amla awasthapaka: : Transformation of teja mahabhuta paramanu: pitta
Katu awasthapaka: Transformation of teja and vaya mahabhuta

paramanu: vata
(now aakasha doesn’t have paramanu and it is vibhu: ; so it cannot be

destructed.because it is everywhere)
aahar rasa having all the destructed paramanu of mahabhutas has been
transferred all over the body
Stage 2
Paramsukshma, tejobhuta, aahar rasa
Transfers all over the body : sukshma-atisukshma srotas
Reassemble & destruction of mahabhuta paramanu
Transformation of mahabhuta paramanu in respective Dhatu by
Dhatwagni.
nourishment of respective Dhatu in respective srotas.

UxÉÉSì£üÇ iÉiÉÉå qÉÉÇxÉ qÉÉÇxÉÉlqÉåSÉåxiÉiÉÉåÅÎxjÉ cÉ |
AxjlÉÉå qÉeeÉÉ iÉiÉÈ vÉÑ¢üÇ vÉÑ¢üÉªpÉï mÉëxÉÉSeÉÈ || (Ch. Chi.15/16)
The formation and nourishment of Dhatu have been under so

many queries as there is difference of opinion among the
theories which are postulated to explain the nourishment of
Dhatu.
धातु उत्ऩतत काऱ :

Ca.Chi.15/21
s s14/14,15
A .H 3/64.65
Nyaya
The entire process of Dhatu Poshan , or nourishment, operates through
the three basic Nyayas , or biotransport mechanisms:
1. Ksiradadhi Nyaya
2. Kedarikulya Nyaya
3. Khale Kapota Nyaya
Arunadatta mentions
4. Eka kala dhatuposhana Nyava

ऺीर-दधध-न्याय: सर्ाात्मऩररणामmÉ¤É
iÉ§É UxÉÈ xuÉÉÎalÉmÉcrÉqÉÉlÉÉå U£üiÉÉÇ rÉÉÌiÉ, U£üÇ qÉÉÇxÉiÉÉÍqÉirÉÉÌS mÉÔuÉï mÉÔuÉï
kÉÉiÉÑmÉËUhÉÉqÉÉSÒ¨ÉUÉå¨ÉUkÉÉiÉÑimÉÉSÈ rÉjÉÉ ¤ÉÏUSÍkÉ pÉuÉÌiÉ, SklÉÉå lÉuÉlÉÏiÉÇ
lÉuÉlÉÏiÉÉS bÉ×iÉ bÉ×iÉÉS bÉ×iÉqÉhQûÈ CirÉåMü mÉ¤ÉÈ | (cÉ.ÍcÉ. 15/16-cÉ¢ü.)
According to this concept, the preceding dhatus
get transformed into the succeeding dhatus. Like
milk changes to curd, ahara rasa changes in sequence
of nutrition of Dhatus. At first Ahar rasa completely
changes to Rasa Dhatu, following this is the changing
of Rasa Dhatu to Rakta Dhatu and so on. This is one
of the ways of nutrition of different Dhatus.
(Ch.Chi.15/15-16, Su. Su. 14/10, Dalhana).
Aaharrasa Rasadhatu Rakta
Majja Asthi Meda Mamsa
Shukra
Kshira Dadhi Takra Navneet
Ghritamanda Ghrita
Querry
Some Acharya oppose this Nyaaya,
Then the transformation is of complete type which implies that

the Uttaradhatu is formed only after the complete transformation
of the Poorvadhatu and the Poorvadhatu no more exists.
 If a person goes for fasting for 1 month then the body would
become Shukramaya and no other Dhatu exists.
Answer by Dalhanokta by Trividha Parinamana
`स्थऱ
ु ाण्र्ंिमऱै: सर्ै शिद्यन्न्त धातर्न्स्िधा ।
स्र्स्थऱ
ु ोंऽि: ऩरं सुक्ष्मस्तन्मऱं यातत तन्मऱ:
स्र्न्ननशि: ऩच्यमानेषु मऱ: षट्सु रसाददषु ।
न िक्र
ु े ऩच्यमानेऽपऩ हे मनीर्ाऺये मऱ:’ ॥ (डल्ह्ण)
He says that, Parinama of any Dhatu takes place in three forms
Sthula bhaga- which is more in quantity meant for the maintenance
and growth of the same dhatu.
Suksma bhaga- which is little in quantity meant for the genesis of the
next dhatu and so passes on the next dhatu.
Mala bhaga- which is meant for genesis of waste product of that tissue
अन्न
जटारान्ननऩाक, िूतान्ननऩाक
आहर रस मऱ
िूतान्ननऩाक & रसान्ननऩाक
स्थऱ
ू िाग सूक्ष्म िाग मऱ ऩुरीष मूि र्ायु
(ऩोष्य रस धातु) (ऩोषक रक्त) कप
रक्ताधगऩाक
रक्त धातु ऩोषक मांस पऩत्त मज्जा ऩोषक िुक्र नेि ऩुरीि ्,
मासान्ननऩाक त्र्चा, स्नेह
मांस धातु ऩोषक मेद खमऱ िुिान्ननऩाक

मेदान्ननऩाक
मेद धातु ऩोषक अन्स्थ स्र्ेद िुक्र ओज

अन्स्थअन्ननऩाक
अन्स्थ धातु ऩोषक मज्ज केि,ऱोम,श्मिु

मज्जान्नन
केदारकुल्हयान्याय : अंिांि ऩररणाम mÉ¤É
 Kedari – Paddy field, Kulya – canal.
 According to this theory,The land get irrigated one by one

through in sequence.
 Like wise different Dhatus of the body get nutrition one by

one in sequence through vessels. The 1st Rasa Dhatu gets
nutrition from Ahar Rasa. Then Rakta Dhatu get nutrition
from the rest part of Ahar Rasa and like wise till the end i.e.
Shukra Dhatu.
Cont…
MåüSÉUÏMÑüsrÉÉlrÉÉrÉålÉ UxÉxrÉ kÉÉiÉÑmÉÉåwÉhÉqÉç | iÉ§ÉÉ³ÉÉSÒimÉ³ÉÉæ UxÉÉå kÉÉiÉÑÂmÉÇ
UxÉqÉÍkÉaÉqrÉ ÌMürÉiÉÉÅmrÉÇvÉålÉ iÉÇ UxÉÇ uÉkÉïrÉÌiÉ | AmÉU¶É UxÉUÉÍvÉxiÉ§É aÉiÉÈ
xÉlÉç vÉÉåÍhÉiÉaÉlkÉuÉhÉïrÉÑ£üiuÉÉcNûÉåÍhÉiÉÍqÉuÉ pÉÔiuÉÉ ÌMürÉiÉÉÌmÉ
vÉÉåÍhÉiÉxÉqÉÉlÉålÉÉÇvÉålÉ kÉÉiÉÑÂmÉÇ vÉÉåÍhÉiÉÇ mÉÑwhÉÉÌiÉ | vÉåwÉ¶É pÉÉaÉÉå qÉÉÇxÉÇ rÉÉÌiÉ,
iÉ§ÉÉÌmÉ vÉÉåÍhÉiÉuÉSè urÉuÉxjÉÉ | iÉjÉÉ qÉåSÈ mÉëpÉ×ÌiÉwuÉmÉÏÌiÉ |
- (cÉ.ÍcÉ. 15/16-cÉ¢ümÉÉÍhÉ)
आहार
आहार रस ककट्ट ्
रसान्नन रससमानांि आहार रस स्थायी रसधातु
रक्ताधग रक्तसमानांि आहार रस स्थायी रक्तधातु
मांसान्नन मांससमानांि आहार रस स्थायी मांसधातु
मेदोन्नन मेदसमानांि आहार रस स्थायी मेदोधातु
अन्स्थन्नन अन्स्थसमानांि आहार रस स्थायी अन्स्थधातु
मज्जान्नन मज्जसमानांि आहार रस स्थायी मज्जाधातु
िुक्रान्नन िुक्रसमानांि आहार रस स्थायी िुक्रधातु

Khale Kapota Nyaya: ऩथ
ु क् ऩररणाम mÉ¤É
 Khala - field, kapota – pigeon
 Nourishment of dhatus takes place by selection.
 The nourishing fluid travels to different dhatus through different

channels. In the beginning, the nearby dhatu draws its nutrient
fraction from the nourishing fluid and the distant ones get
nourished at later stages.
AÉWûÉUUxÉ EimÉlÉÉå ÍpÉ³ÉæUåuÉ UxÉÂÍkÉUÉSÏÌlÉ xÉqÉÉlÉålÉÉÇvÉålÉ iÉmÉïrÉÌiÉ | iÉ§É cÉ
rÉÈ mÉëirÉÉxÉ³ÉÉæ kÉÉiÉÑxiÉimÉÉåwÉMüÉå kÉÉiÉÑpÉÉaÉxiÉÇ vÉÏbÉëÇ mÉÑwhÉÉÌiÉ | rÉxiÉÑ ÌuÉSÕUÉå
kÉÉiÉÑxiÉxrÉ ÌuÉSÕUqÉÉaÉïiÉrÉÉ ÍcÉUåhÉ mÉÉåwÉhÉÇ pÉuÉÌiÉ | LuÉÇ ÍpÉ³ÉæUåuÉ qÉÉaÉæïkÉÉïiÉÔlÉÉÇ
mÉÉåwÉhÉÇ pÉuÉÌiÉ ; rÉjÉÉ ZÉsÉå EimÉÌiÉiÉÉlÉÉÇ MümÉÉåiÉÉlÉÉÇ ÍpÉ³ÉÌSaaÉÉÍqÉlÉÉÇ
xuÉÏrÉxuÉÏrÉqÉÉaÉåïhÉæuÉ aÉcNûiÉÉÇ aÉqrÉSåvÉxrÉ mÉëirÉÉxÉ³ÉÌuÉmÉëM×ü¹iuÉÉÌSpÉåSålÉ
vÉÏbÉëÇ ÍcÉUåhÉ cÉ aÉqÉlÉÇ pÉuÉÌiÉ iÉ²iÉç |
- (cÉ.ÍcÉ.15/16 cÉ¢ümÉÉÍhÉ)
From Rasa to Shukra the time for nourishment increases, that time
depends upon 2 factors one is length of srotas & other one is
thickness of srotas.
Mamsa Meda
Rakta
Aahara Asthi
Rasa
rasa
Majja
Shukra
एककाऱधातऩ
ु ोषण न्याय
The aahara rasa percolates into all dhatuvaha srotas at a
time uniformly, it can be presumed that all the dhatus are
nourished simultaneously without any time gap.
- “AÉWûÉUUxÉÉSåMüMüÉsÉå xÉmiÉxÉÑ kÉÉiÉÑx§ÉÉåiÉÈ xÉÑ | mÉëuÉåÍvÉiÉÉSè UxÉU£üÉSrÉÉå

kÉÉiÉuÉ EimÉ±liÉå” || (A.WØû. vÉÉ. 3/62 – AÂhÉS¨É)
Arundatta put this law on the basis of Charaka’s
reference…
urÉÉlÉålÉ UxÉkÉÉiÉÑÌWïû ÌuÉ¤ÉåmÉÉåmÉÍcÉiÉ MüqÉïhÉÉ| rÉÑaÉmÉiÉç xÉuÉïiÉÉåÅeÉx§ÉÇ SåWåû
ÌuÉÍ¤ÉmrÉiÉå xÉSÉ || (cÉ.ÍcÉ. 15/36)
Charaka also stated that the Vyana vayu takes the rasa to
distribute all over the body swiftly without any
interruption, throughout the life.
Rasa
Shukra Rakta
Ahara
rasa
Majja Mamsa
Asthi Meda
Importance
 These Nyayas gives the knowledge regarding the Dhatu

poshan krama.
 Prayojana of Ayurveda can be achieved by this, because

sharir samyata is depend on the Dhatu poshan.
 It is important in aspect of Chikitsa also, if the treatment of

disease is not done in early stage it move towards
Asadhyata.
Kshira- Dadhi Nyaya- kramaparinama.
 Leptin of Adipose tissue is inducing the osteocyte
production is almost similar to the concept of transformation
from one Dhatu to another. The process of formation of
osteoblast from adipose tissue through Leptin is nothing but
transformation.
 Spermatogonial cells are also formed from the bone marrow

stem cells.
To know the sequential transformation of dhatus this Nyaya
is helpful.
Anuloma & Pratiloma of roga
if the Purvadhatu becomes Vruddha it results in succeeding
dhatu vruddhi, like wise if the previous dhatu becomes Kshina
it shows kshinata in succeeding one its called Anuloma Gati &
opposite to this is Pratiloma gati.
Eg: Rajyakshma due to Atimaithuna Shukrakshaya occurs &
by Pratiloma gati kshaya of all dhatus takes place.
helpful in the treatment of diseases occurred due to
Anuloma & Pratiloma Vruddhi & Kshaya
Kedari-kulya Nyaya
 vilakshana gunayukta dravyas- Just as receptors, gate
channel.
 aÉpÉïxrÉ lÉÉpÉÉæ qÉÉiÉÑ¶É WØûÌS lÉÉQûÏ ÌlÉoÉkrÉiÉå | rÉjÉÉ cÉ mÉÑÌ¹qÉÉmlÉÉåiÉÏ MåüSÉU
CuÉ MÑüsrÉrÉÉ || (A.WØû.vÉÉ.1/56)
 Sushruta used this Nyaya explaining sira (vessels).
• This Nyaya is mostly helpful in chikitsa, at the time of early

nourishment.
• Balya, Bhedaniya & Vishaghna dravyas
 In the treatment of Jwara, Charaka advice 7 days Langhana,
it is in accordance of Dhatuposhana. Due to the Langhana
preceding dhatu gets Niramavastha.
 According to Samanya – Vishesha Siddhant doing Kshaya &

Vruddhi of dhatus is only Chikitsa of all rogas & it depends
upon Dhatuposhana.
Conclusion
 All three Nyayas will function properly only if there is
optimum integrity of Agnibala and Srotabala. Merely
enriching the material components of food is not enough to
ensure good nutrition.
 Thus, Ayurveda proposes an entirely different approach to

food, diet, and nutrition that is in strong contrast to the
conventional Western approach.
Thank you

02 Dhatuposhna

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02 Dhatuposhna

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Dhatuposhana

Department of Kriya Sharira

 There are four types of aahara (अशित ऩीत ऱीढ खाददत)

 paramsukshma: having minute destructed particles of

 saarabhuta: having finest properties of mahabhuta.

tejobhuta. : means completely digested

Madhura awasthapaka: Transformation of prithvi and jala mahabhuta

Amla awasthapaka: : Transformation of teja mahabhuta paramanu: pitta

Katu awasthapaka: Transformation of teja and vaya mahabhuta

(now aakasha doesn’t have paramanu and it is vibhu: ; so it cannot be

Paramsukshma, tejobhuta, aahar rasa

Transfers all over the body : sukshma-atisukshma srotas

Reassemble & destruction of mahabhuta paramanu

Transformation of mahabhuta paramanu in respective Dhatu by

nourishment of respective Dhatu in respective srotas.

AxjlÉÉå qÉeeÉÉ iÉiÉÈ vÉÑ¢üÇ vÉÑ¢üÉªpÉï mÉëxÉÉSeÉÈ || (Ch. Chi.15/16)

The formation and nourishment of Dhatu have been under so

3. Khale Kapota Nyaya

4. Eka kala dhatuposhana Nyava

Majja Asthi Meda Mamsa

Kshira Dadhi Takra Navneet

Then the transformation is of complete type which implies that

मांस धातु ऩोषक मेद खमऱ िुिान्ननऩाक

मेद धातु ऩोषक अन्स्थ स्र्ेद िुक्र ओज

अन्स्थ धातु ऩोषक मज्ज केि,ऱोम,श्मिु

 According to this theory,The land get irrigated one by one

 Like wise different Dhatus of the body get nutrition one by

रसान्नन रससमानांि आहार रस स्थायी रसधातु

रक्ताधग रक्तसमानांि आहार रस स्थायी रक्तधातु

मांसान्नन मांससमानांि आहार रस स्थायी मांसधातु

मेदोन्नन मेदसमानांि आहार रस स्थायी मेदोधातु

अन्स्थन्नन अन्स्थसमानांि आहार रस स्थायी अन्स्थधातु

मज्जान्नन मज्जसमानांि आहार रस स्थायी मज्जाधातु

िुक्रान्नन िुक्रसमानांि आहार रस स्थायी िुक्रधातु

 Nourishment of dhatus takes place by selection.

 The nourishing fluid travels to different dhatus through different

- “AÉWûÉUUxÉÉSåMüMüÉsÉå xÉmiÉxÉÑ kÉÉiÉÑx§ÉÉåiÉÈ xÉÑ | mÉëuÉåÍvÉiÉÉSè UxÉU£üÉSrÉÉå

 These Nyayas gives the knowledge regarding the Dhatu

 Prayojana of Ayurveda can be achieved by this, because

 It is important in aspect of Chikitsa also, if the treatment of

 Spermatogonial cells are also formed from the bone marrow

 aÉpÉïxrÉ lÉÉpÉÉæ qÉÉiÉÑ¶É WØûÌS lÉÉQûÏ ÌlÉoÉkrÉiÉå | rÉjÉÉ cÉ mÉÑÌ¹qÉÉmlÉÉåiÉÏ MåüSÉU

CuÉ MÑüsrÉrÉÉ || (A.WØû.vÉÉ.1/56)

 Sushruta used this Nyaya explaining sira (vessels).

• This Nyaya is mostly helpful in chikitsa, at the time of early

 According to Samanya – Vishesha Siddhant doing Kshaya &

 Thus, Ayurveda proposes an entirely different approach to

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