CAPS-5

PHYSICS WORK POWER ENERGY

TARGET : JEE- Advanced 2023

SCQ (Single Correct Type) :

1. A block of mass m is connected to a spring (spring constant k). Initially the block is at rest and
the spring is in its natural length. Now the system is released in gravitational field and a
variable force F is applied on the upper end of the spring such that the downward acceleration
of the block is given as a = g –t, where t is time elapses and  = 1 m/s3 , the velocity of the
point of application of the force is :

m t 2 m t 2 m t 2 m
(A)  gt  (B)  gt  (C)  gt  (D)  gt  t 2
k 2 k 2 k 2 k
2. In the shown fig., small mass m starts sliding down a smooth and stationary circular track.
Which of the following graph best represents the variation of magnitude of the force applied by
the track on the mass and the angle :

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

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3. A body starts from rest and acquires a velocity V in time T. The work done by constant force
on the body in time t is proportional to
V V 2t2 V2t V 2t2
(A) t (B) (C) (D)
T T T2 T2
4. A certain system has potential energy given by the function U(x) = –ax2 + bx4 with constants,
a, b>0. Which of the following is an unstable equilibrium point?
(A) 0 (B) a / 2b (C)  a / 2b (D) a/b
5. The potential energy of a 1 kg particle free to move along the x-axis is given by
 x4 x2 
V(x) =    J
 4 2 

The total mechanical energy of the particle is 2 J. Then, the maximum speed (in m/s) is
3 9
(A) (B) 3 2 (C) (D) 2
2 2

6. A small block slides with velocity 0.5 gr on the horizontal frictionless surface as shown in the
figure. The block leaves the surface at point C. The angle  in the figure is :
v0
B
A
C
r vC
 r mg

O D

4 3 1 4
(A) cos1 (B) cos 1 (C) cos 1 (D) cos1
9 4 2 5
7. A collar 'B' of mass 2 kg is constrained to move along a horizontal smooth and fixed circular
track of radius 5m. The spring lying in the plane of the circular track and having spring
constant 200 N/m is undeformed when the collar is at 'A'. If the collar starts from rest at B' the
normal reaction exerted by the track on the collar when it passes through 'A' is :
B
5m

A C

7m D

(A) 360 N (B) 720 N (C) 1440 N (D) 2880 N

8. A bob is suspended from a crane by a cable of length  = 5 m. The crane and load are moving

at a constant speed v0. The crane is stopped by a bumper and the bob on the cable swings
out an angle of 60°. The initial speed v0 is– (g = 9.8 m/s2)


v0

(A) 10 m/s (B) 7 m/s (C) 4 m/s (D) 2 m/s

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9. With what minimum velocity v0 should block be projected from left end A towards end B such
that it reaches the other end B of conveyer belt moving with constant velocity v? Friction
coefficient between block and belt is .
A m v0 B
 v

(A) gL (B) 2gL (C) 3gL (D) 2 gL

10. Length  of a chain of mass M hangs from a pulley. If it is wound such that half of the chain

remains overhung, the work done by the external agent is equal to

Mg 3 3
(A) (B) Mg (C) Mg (D) None of these
2 4 8
11. Kinetic energy of a particle moving in a straight line is proportional to the time t. The
magnitude of the force acting on the particle is
(A) directly proportional to the speed of the particle
(B) inversely proportional to t

(C) inversely proportional to the speed of the particle

(D) directly proportional to t
MCQ (One or more than one correct) :
12. A smooth track in form of a quarter circle of radius 6 m lies in the vertical plane , A particle
moves from P1 to P2 under the action of forces F1,F2 and F3 . Force F1 is always towards P2

and is always 20 N in magnitude. Force F2 is always act horizontally and is always 30 N in

magnitude. Force F3 always acts tangentially to the track and is of magnitude 15 N. select the
correct magnitude.

(A) Work done by F1 is120 2 J (B) Work done by F2 is180J

(C) Work done by F3 is45 J (D) F3 is conservative in nature.

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Comprehension Type Question:
The potential energy at a point, relative to the reference point is defined as the negative of
work done by the conservative force as the object moves from the reference point to the point
considered. The value of potential energy at the reference point itself can be set equal to zero
because we are always concerned only with differences of potential energy between two
points and the associated change of kinetic energy. A particle A is fixed at origin of a fixed
coordinate system. Another particle B which is free to move experiences an force
 2  ˆ
F   3  2  r due to particle A where r is the position vector of particle B relative to A. It is
 r r 
given that the force is conservative in nature and potential energy at infinity is zero. If B has to
be removed from the influence of A, energy has to be supplied for such a process. The
ionization energy E0 is work that has to be done by an external agent to move the particle
from a distance r0 to infinity slowly. Here r0 is the equilibrium position of the particle.
13. What is potential energy function of particle as function of r.
       
(A)  (B)   (C)   (D) 
r2 r r2 r r2 r r2 r
14. Find the ionization energy E0 of the particle B.

2 22 2 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2  4 

 r0 r0 
15. If particle B is transfered slowly from point P1  2 r0 , 2 r0  to point P2 
 2
,
2
 in the xy-plane

by an external agent, calculate work required to be done by it in the process.

9 2 2 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
64 16 64
Numerical based Questions :
16. In the figure shown, string is light and inextensible, spring is light and ideal, the pulleys are
light and frictionless. Initially the spring is in its natural length and the string just taut. Now the
system is released from rest. The maximum extension in the spring during consequent motion
nmg
is Find n
k

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17. The figure shows a hollow cube of side 'a' of volume V. There is a small chamber of volume
V
in the cube as shown. This chamber is completely filled by m kg of water. Water leaks
4
through a hole H and spreads in the whole cube. Then the work done by gravity in this
process assuming that the complete water finally lies at the bottom of the cube is :

18. From what minimum height ‘h’ in metre must the system be released when spring is in its
natural length as shown in the figure. So that after perfectly inelastic collision. (e = 0), of block
B, with ground, B may be lifted off ground. (Take k = 40 N/m, g = 10 m/s2, mA = 2kg, mB = 4kg)

19. A pump motor is used to deliver water at a certain rate from a given pipe. To obtain “n” times
water from the same pipe in the same time, the factor by which the power of the motor should
be increased is:
Matrix Match Type :
cx
20. A particle of mass 'm' moves under a conservative force with potential energy U(x) =
x  a2
2

where c & a are positive constants.

Column-I Column-II
c
(A) Position of unstable equilibrium is (P) Less than
ma
c
(B) For the particle to be confined in the (Q) More than
ma
region the velocity of particle must be
(C) For particle to reach x = +,
velocity of particle must be
2c
(D) For the particle to reach x = –, (R) More than
ma
velocity of particle must be
(S) x = –a

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 (T) x = +a
Subjective Type Questions :
21. A spring of mass m and stiffness k is fitted to a block of mass M. The block is moving with a
constant velocity v on a smooth horizontal surface. The other end of the spring is connected
with a rigid wall. Find the maximum compression of the spring before it recoils, assuming that
the total energy is conserved.

v m
M

22. A spring is attached with a block of mass m and a fixed horizontal roof as shown. The block is
lying on a smooth horizontal table and initially the spring is vertical and unstretched. Natural
length of spring is 30. A constant horizontal force F is applied on the block so that block

moves in the direction of force. When length of the spring becomes 50, block leaves contact

with the table. Find the constant force F, if initial and final velocity of block is zero.

23. The potential energy of a system of two particles is given by U(x) = a/x 2  b/x. Find the
minimum potential energy of the system, where x is the distance of separation and a and b
are constants.
24. A body of mass m dropped from a certain height strikes a light vertical fixed spring of stiffness
k and sticks to it. Find the height of its fall before touching the spring if the maximum
3mg
compression of the spring is equal to .
k
25. Two blocks of masses m1 and m2 are connected by a spring of stiffness k. The coefficient of
friction between the blocks and the surface is . Find the minimum constant force F to be
applied to m1 in order to just slide the mass m2.

m1 m2

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