Operating Manual

OPERATING MANUAL
RTD A Resistance Thermometer or Resistance Temperature Detector is a device which used to

determine the temperature by measuring the resistance of pure electrical wire. This wire is referred
to as a temperature sensor. If we want to measure temperature with high accuracy, RTD is the only
one solution in industries. It has good linear characteristics over a wide range of temperature.
BASIC PRINCIPLE OF RTD: An RTD (resistance temperature detector) is a temperature sensor
that operates on the measurement principle that a material's electrical resistance changes with
temperature.
DESCRIPTION OF RTD: RTDs are manufactured in two ways: using wire or film. Wire RTDs are
a stretched coil of fine wire placed in a ceramic tube that supports and protects the wire. The wire
may be bonded to the ceramic using a glaze. The wire types are generally the more accurate, due to
the tighter control over metal purity and less strain related errors. They are also more expensive.
Film RTDs consist of a thin metal film that is silkscreened or vacuum spluttered onto a ceramic or
glassy substrate. A laser trimmer then trims the RTD to its correct resistance value.
Resistance Temperature Detector construction RTD WIRING ARRANGEMENTS RTD’s are
available with either two, three, or four output wires for connection to the secondary instrument .
The various wiring arrangements are designed to reduce and/or eliminate any errors introduced due
to resistance changes of the lead wires when they also undergo temperature changes. RTDs used for
electrical equipment generally use either a three-wire system or a four-wire system having paired
lead wires. Copper lead wires are satisfactory for all the arrangements. For a given RTD, all the
lead-wires should be of the same gauge and the same length, and should be run in the same conduit.
The four wire system is little affected by temperature induced resistance changes in lead-wires,
and, of all the arrangements, it is affected least by stray currents. It, therefore, is used to measure
temperature differences and is used generally for making very accurate measurements. The three-
wire system is generally satisfactory for industrial measurement using a secondary instrument that
is remote, say, more than 3 meters distant from the RTD. Although the error caused by temperature
change in the leads is virtually eliminated in a 3-wire arrangement, a slight non-linearity in the
resistance change is introduced with this scheme. Fig. 6.Resistance Temperature Detector-(RTD)-2
Wire,3 Wire,4 Wire Systems ADVANTAGES OF RTD:
Very high accuracy
1. Excellent stability and reproducibility
2. Ability to be matched to close tolerances for temperature difference measurements.
3. Ability to measure narrow spans
4. Suitability for remote measurement
LIMITATIONS OF RTD:
1. Susceptibility to mechanical damage
2. Need for lead wire resistance compensation
3. Sometimes expensive
4. Susceptibility to self-heating error
5. Susceptibility to signal noise
EXPERIMENT : Measure Temperature by PT-100 verifying by Thermometer using electric rod.
AIM To Study the Temperature transducers then measure the temperature by PT-100 verifying its
reading by Thermometer by using Electrical heater rod.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1) Temperature Measurement Trainer

2) PT-100
3) Thermometer
5) Electrical heater rod
PROCEDURE
1. Switch ON the trainer kit with sensor placed in its sockets.
2. Set the ambient temp. on red socket after second op-amp using gain control potentiometer.
3. See the PV temperature on display and set using gain potentiometer.
4. Now we can set the point for temperature using set-limit potentiometer on display.
5. Insert PT-100 and Thermometer in water with electrical rod.
6. We can see as the PV temp crosses SET temp. Red LED will get off. Switch off the kettle.
7. Allow the water inside the kettle to cool slowly.
8. Take the readings of thermometer in degree Celsius and the voltage on the socket after
U30A after per 5 degree fall in temperature.
9. Compare the results of both modes of temperature measurement.
10. We can also plot the graph between temperature and resistance.
11. Output of first op-amp is in -VE mV but it displays the resistance of PT100 .
12. A graph can ve plot and values can be compared with datasheet of PT100.
Note the readings of thermocouple in degree Celsius is /10 of voltage on socket.

Operating Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Operating Manual

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Operating Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

OPERATING MANUAL

RTD A Resistance Thermometer or Resistance Temperature Detector is a device which used to

1) Temperature Measurement Trainer

Note the readings of thermocouple in degree Celsius is /10 of voltage on socket.

You might also like