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    LABORATORY Equilibrium

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    jiero.fernandez
    This experiment uses a force table to determine the equilibrant force needed to balance two other forces. Masses of 5g and 3g are hung over pulleys at 0 and 120 degrees, creating forces FA and FB. The equilibrant force FC is experimentally determined by varying the mass and angle of a third pulley until equilibrium is reached. Vector components and graphical methods are used to calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant and equilibrant forces, with the equilibrant defined as opposite to the resultant. The theoretical values are compared to the experimental results.

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    LABORATORY Equilibrium

    Uploaded by

    jiero.fernandez
    19 views5 pages
    This experiment uses a force table to determine the equilibrant force needed to balance two other forces. Masses of 5g and 3g are hung over pulleys at 0 and 120 degrees, creating forces FA and FB. The equilibrant force FC is experimentally determined by varying the mass and angle of a third pulley until equilibrium is reached. Vector components and graphical methods are used to calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant and equilibrant forces, with the equilibrant defined as opposite to the resultant. The theoretical values are compared to the experimental results.

    Original Description:

    Laboratory EPHYS BSEE

    Original Title

    LABORATORY-Equilibrium

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    This experiment uses a force table to determine the equilibrant force needed to balance two other forces. Masses of 5g and 3g are hung over pulleys at 0 and 120 degrees, creating forces FA and FB. The equilibrant force FC is experimentally determined by varying the mass and angle of a third pulley until equilibrium is reached. Vector components and graphical methods are used to calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant and equilibrant forces, with the equilibrant defined as opposite to the resultant. The theoretical values are compared to the experimental results.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views5 pages

    LABORATORY Equilibrium

    Uploaded by

    jiero.fernandez
    This experiment uses a force table to determine the equilibrant force needed to balance two other forces. Masses of 5g and 3g are hung over pulleys at 0 and 120 degrees, creating forces FA and FB. The equilibrant force FC is experimentally determined by varying the mass and angle of a third pulley until equilibrium is reached. Vector components and graphical methods are used to calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant and equilibrant forces, with the equilibrant defined as opposite to the resultant. The theoretical values are compared to the experimental results.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    LABORATORY 2: EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES

    Group Number: ________ Date: _________________

    Group Members: Course and Year & Section: __________

    Introduction

    This experiment finds the resultant of adding two vectors by three methods:
    experimentally, by adding components, and graphically. In all cases, the force
    caused by the mass hanging over the pulley is found by multiplying the mass by the
    acceleration due to gravity, 9.8 m/s2.

    Two forces are applied on the force table by handing masses over pulleys position at
    certain angles. Next, the angle and amount of mass hanging over the third pulley are
    adjusted until the force from this pulley balances the forces from the other two
    pulleys. The third force is called the equilibrant (FE) because it is the force that
    establishes equilibrium. The equilibrant is not the same as the resultant (FR). The
    resultant is the addition of the two forces. The equilibrant has the same magnitude
    as the resultant, but it is in the opposite direction of the resultant because it must
    balance the resultant. The equilibrant is the ‘negative’ of the resultant.

    Objectives

    ● To use the force table to experimentally determine the force that balances two
    other forces
    ● To theoretically determine what mass should be suspended over the third
    pulley, and at what angle, calculate the magnitude and direction of the
    resultant by the component method and the graphical method.

    1
    Materials

    Force Table
    Table Clamp
    Mass and Hanger Set
    Mass Balance
    String (spool of thread)
    Protractor
    Ruler

    Procedure

    1. Assemble the force table. Use three super pulley clamps (two for the forces that
    will be added and one for the force that balances the sum of the other two forces).

    2. Arrange the strings from the String Tie over the pulleys.

    3. Hang the following masses over two of the super pulleys and clamp the pulleys at
    the given angles.

    Force Mass Angle


    FA 5g 0 degrees
    FB 3g 120 degrees
    FC 2g 250 degrees

    4. By trial and error, find the angle for the third super pulley clamp and the mass
    that must be suspended over the pulley so that its weight will balance the forces
    exerted on the strings by the other two masses. This third force is called the
    equilibrant (FE) because it establishes equilibrium. The equilibrant is the negative
    of the resultant.

    5. Record the mass and angle for the third pulley to put the system into equilibrium.

    6. Test whether the system is in equilibrium, use the following criteria.


    a) The clear disk will be centered in the String Tie when the system is in
    equilibrium. Pull the clear disk slightly to one side and let it go. Check to see
    that the disk returns to the center. If not, adjust the mass and/or the angle of
    the super pulley clamp until the disk always returns to the center when pulled
    slightly to one side.

    7. Determine FR and FE using component and graphical method. The equilibrant


    (FE) will have the same magnitude, but it will be opposite in direction. In other
    words, the direction will be 180° from the direction of the resultant.

    2
    Results and Analysis

    Table 1. Recorded Data


    Equilibrant
    Method Magnitude Direction
    Experimental
    Component
    Graphical

    Component Method

    Below, add the vector components of Force A and Force B to determine the magnitude of
    the equilibrant. Record the components Rx and Ry. Use trigonometry to find the direction of
    the equilibrant (remember, the equilibrant is exactly opposite in direction to the resultant.)
    Record the results in Table 1.

    3
    Graphical Method

    Below, construct a tail-to-head diagram of the vectors of Force A and Force B. Use a metric
    ruler and protractor to measure the magnitude and direction of the resultant. Remember to
    record the direction of the equilibrant as opposite in direction to the resultant in Table 1.

    4
    Analysis

    How do the theoretical values for the magnitude and direction of the equilibrant
    compare to the actual magnitude and direction?
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    Conclusion
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