Adobe Scan 01 Mar 2023

8.
81KILAR TRIAJIOLH
Key coacepta :
► Slrnilarity o( triangle
► &sic proportionality theorem (BPT) (THALES THEOREM)
lf a line ls drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to Intersect the
other two sides is distinct points, then the other two sides are·
diVided in the same ratio.
► .Conll'Cnse' of 'BPT'
lf a line diVides two sides of a triangle in the ~ame ratio, then the
l,ine is parallel to ~e tQird side.
► Criteria for similarity of triangle.
L
. i . .'AAA' criteria.
In two triangles if corresponding angles are equal, then their •
con,:sponding sides are in proportion and hence the triangles are
similar. . . .. ..
ii. ·sss•. criteria
In two triangles, if corresponding sides are proportional, then their ·
corresponding angles llfC equal and.hence the triangles are similar.
iii. 'SAS' Criteria . ' · .· . .
lf one angle of triangle is equal to one angle of the other triangle
and the including sides of these angles are proportional, then ·the
two triangles are similar.
► Perimefers of similar triangles
+ • • 1• '
The ratio of'the perimeters of two similar triangles ·is equal to the
ratio of their corresponding sides.
► Aceaa of similar triangles
The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of
the .squares of their corresponding sides. ,. ,
► If the areas of two similar triangles are equal then they are
congruent. ~ r • 1 ' .
'' ·•
► PYTHAGORAS THEOREM (BAUDHAYANA THEOREM)

In a right triangle, the square of length of the hypotenuse is equal
to the sum of the Squares of lengths of the other two sides. .
► '
Converse of Pythagoras:- In a triangle, if square of the length of
one side is eqµal to the sum of squ~e~ o( the le~gths of the other
two sides, then the angle opposite to the fir~t ,sid'e is.a_right angle
and the triangle is a right angle~ ~~gl~. , ,
•
20
,1,rY Short Anawet Quffttona :
I . 'The corresponding sides of two similar ~angles are I 'km and 8cm
respectively, if perimeter of lirat triangle is 56cm, then der.e rmine
the perimeter of second tri.angle.
2. The areas of two similar triangles I 08 sq.cm and 75 sq.cm , tf the
a ltitude of the bigger triangle Is 6 cm, then find the corresponding
a ltitude of the second triangle.
3. tl.PQR~AXYZ, if PQe8cm, QR•4cm and XY•Scm then rind the value
ofYZ
4. ilABC,DElfBC 1/:::::-4 /3 and ACsJ0.Scm then fine AE?

oa
5 . A man 150 cm tall casts 225cm shadow. At the same instance, a
tower casts a shadow of 30cm. Find the' height of the tower.
Short Answer Questions
1. 1\vo poles of heights Sm and 11 m stand on a playground. Uthe
clistance between the feet of the poles is Sm·, then find the distance
between their tops. ·
2. D~ F is an isosceles right angled triang)e 1ght angled at F prove
that DE2s2DF2
3 . The hypotenuse of a right angled triangle is 3cm more than twice of
the shortest side and the thirdside is 3cm less than
shortest side, then find the sides of the triangle.
' .the thrice the
4 . Draw a tine segment of length 6.5cm and divide it in the ratio 2 :3 .

5. In the tulBC DE//BC, if AOax+l. BD=3x- 1 AE=x and CE"'4x-6,
,.
then find the value of 'x'
.
Loac Anawet QueatJ.oaa:

L ~onstnJct a triangle l:.ABC, if AB• Scm,-BC• Scm and AngleB ..60°,
then construct a triangle similar to it whose sides are ¾ of the
corresponding sides of th~ first triangle.
2. Construct an isosceles triangle whose base is 6cm and altitude
4cm, then draw another triangle whose sides are 3/2 times the
corresponding sides of given triangle.
3 .Construct a triangle APQR, if PQ=6cm LP ,.550, L Q=650, then
construct a triangle similar to it whose sides are 3/5 of the
corresponding sides of the first triangle.
21
4 . In a trapezium ' ABCO AB/ / CD E and Fare the poan· ts on non-
parallel sides AD and•BC respectively.
' such that EF//AB show
tha t ~ == !!! -
RD re• ·
5. In trapezi um PQRS,· PQ// RS , Diagonal PR and Q5 ·tn teraect at 'O'
s how that ~ == ~ -
• gl . equal to the
6 . Prove that Othe
R OS
ratio of areas of two similar trian e ts
squares of the ra tio of their corresponding medians.
7 . YP and ZQ arc the medians of triang le XYZ , right angled at X. Prove
that 4(YP 2 + ZQ 2) = yz2
8 . ln an equilateral triangle ABC , Dis a point on side BC Such that
BO • I / 3BC Prove that 9AD:Z..7 AB2
9. ABC is a right angled triangle right angled at B , Let D and E be any
.
potnt on AB AE2+co2-Ac2+0E2.
. . \
ultJple choi.::..Quesdo-: , ,
I. Which of the fo11owing pair of figures are not s imilar ( )
AJ A pair of Squares BJ A pair of Circles
CJ A pair of Equilateral triangles DJ A pair of.Rectangles .
.
2. In the given figure BC//DE, ~ - - - - .,L"::,.,, I J
AJ ~ BJ ~ C) ~ DJ ~ /-4 '.
IIE AC EC 08
3. In the given figure QR//XY, if PX=4.8cm XQ=4cm and PY• 6cm,
then value of YR is •
.f"-.... ( · J
a.J6cm 8) 5cm C) 4cm DJ 10cm ?3.
L If t.ABC• t,.PQR, perimeters of t,.ABC is 64cm and t,.PQR is 48cm, if
-
\) 8 c m B) 7c m
.
f..8~8cm then PQ= .
CJ 6cm
-- ,, , '
DJ 5cm
( . )
i) If t.ABC = - t,.PQR, Area of triangles flABC is 32sq cm

anc! .area· of
t,.PQRS is 98 sq.cm, If QR=7c, then BC•__ ( . )
.) 49cm B) 7cm C) 4cm D) 16cm
) II a ladder 17m long reaches a window of building I Sni above the
ground then distance from the foot of the ladaer to the building is
AJ !Om B) 9m CJ8m - D) 7m
'
1'
.I •

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8.

► PYTHAGORAS THEOREM (BAUDHAYANA THEOREM)

4. ilABC,DElfBC 1/:::::-4 /3 and ACsJ0.Scm then fine AE?

4 . Draw a tine segment of length 6.5cm and divide it in the ratio 2 :3 .

Loac Anawet QueatJ.oaa:

i) If t.ABC = - t,.PQR, Area of triangles flABC is 32sq cm

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