Ect305 Analog and Digital Communication, December 2022

C 11008cT30512220r
RegNo.:
APJ ABDUL K4.LAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERS
Fifth Semester B.Tech Degree Regular and Supplementary Examination
Course Code: ECT 305

Course Name: ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATION
Max. Marks: 100 Duration:3 Hours
PART A
(Answer all questions; each question corries 3 marks) Marks
A 105 MHz carrier signal is frequency modulated by 7 kFIz sine wave. The (3)
resultant signal has a frequency deviation of 50 kHz. Determine the modulation
index and bandwidth of FM wave.
Give the advantages and disadvantages of SSBSC systems. (3)

A continuous random variable X is uniformly distributed in the interval [0,8]. Find (3)
the differential entropy h(X)?
4 stationary? (3)
Whai are the conditions for a stochastic process to be wide sense
5 What is the significance of companding in PCM transmission? (3)

6 Interpret the use of pre-filtering done before sampling. (3)
7 What is meant by equalization and why is it needed? (3)
8 A communication channel of bandwidthTskllz is required to transmit binary data (3)
atarate of 0.1Mb/s using raised-cosine pulses. Determine the roll-offfactor cr?
9 Draw the signal constellation of M-ary QAM for M:16. (3)

l0 What are the''advantages of QPSK over BPSK? (3)
PART B
(Answer onefull questionfrom each mqdule, each question carries 14 marks)
rvroJr. -r
ll a) An AM wave is represented by the expression:
v(t) = 5 (1 + 0.6 cos 6280 t) sin 157 x 104 t volts (7)
(i) What are the minimum and maximum amplitudes ofthe AM wave?
(ii) Determine the frequency components contained in the modulated wave and
what is the amplitude of each component?
(iii) Draw the frequency spectrum.
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t100EcT30sl2220r
- b) Draw and explain the block diagram of an FM Receiver. What is the purpose of
using pre-emphasis andtde-emphasis in FM? (7)
12 a) Compare the frequency spectrum, bandwidth and power of SSB-SC systems with (6)
DSB-FC and DSB-SC systems.
b) The equation of an angle modulated wave is
AG): l0cos (108t + 3 sin 10at) (S)
(a) Calculate the carrier and modulating frequencies.

(b) Calculate the frequency deviation, bandwidth and the power dissipated in a
100 O resistor.
Module -2
13 a) Define entropy. A source emits symbols {sr, sz, sr, s+} with probabilities { l/2, ll4, (5)
l/8, l/8). Find the entropy of the source.
b) Consider a random process X(t) = cos (t + A) where A is a random variable that is
uniformly distributed over the interval l0,2nf. Find whether X(t) is wide sense (9)
stationary or not.
14 a) State and prove any two properties of autocorrelation function of a stationary (8)
random process. Explain Wiener-Khinchin's theorem.
b) Let X be a random variable with PDF given by
( x, 0(rS1, (6)
fx@)- 12- *, L 1x 12,
( 0, elsewhere
Find E(X), E(X') and oy2 ?
i -;-,, . Module -3
15 a) Describe delta modulation system with neat block diagram. Also illustrate the (8)
" quantization error in delta modulation. _ l

b) A delta modulator with a fixed step size of 0.75 V, is given a sinusoidal message (6)
signal. If the sampling frequency is 30 times the Nyquist rate, determine the
maximum permissible amplitude of the message signal if slope overload is to be
avoided.
-
16' a) Explain pulse code modulation transmitter with neat block diagram. (6)
b) What is linear prediction? Derive Wiener-Hopf equation from a linear prediction (8)
filter.
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1100ECT305122241
Module -4
17 a) What is a raised cosine spectnlm? Discuss how does it help to reduce ISI? (6)
b) Derive an expression for the impulse response of a matched filter. (8)
l8 Apply Gram Schmidt orthogonalization to obtain orthonormal basis functions for (14)
the signals shown below. Express the signals in terms of orthonormal basis
functions.
rl
Module -5
19 a) Explain the generation and detection of BPSK signals with the help of block
diagrams. (8)
b) Draw and explain the signal constellation diagram for QPSK modulation. (6)
20 a) Derive thaexpression for probability of error in QPSK. (e)
b) What is meant by quadrature amplitude modulation? Draw and explain the block (5)
diagram of a QAM Receiver.
***
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C 11008cT30512220r

Course Code: ECT 305

Give the advantages and disadvantages of SSBSC systems. (3)

5 What is the significance of companding in PCM transmission? (3)

9 Draw the signal constellation of M-ary QAM for M:16. (3)

AG): l0cos (108t + 3 sin 10at) (S)

(a) Calculate the carrier and modulating frequencies.

" quantization error in delta modulation. _ l

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