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    Ch. 29 Notes PDF

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    Stewart Cisco
    The document discusses stars and the Sun. It begins by describing the layers of the Sun's atmosphere, including the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona. It then discusses the Sun's 11-year activity cycle and how the magnetic field reverses polarity over time. The document also compares different types of light spectra and explains the composition of the Sun. It moves on to describe how scientists measure and classify stars based on properties like diameter, brightness, and temperature. Finally, it discusses the life cycles of stars, noting that lower mass stars like the Sun become red giants and white dwarfs, while higher mass stars may explode as supernovae and form neutron stars or black holes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ch. 29 Notes PDF

    Uploaded by

    Stewart Cisco
    36 views6 pages
    The document discusses stars and the Sun. It begins by describing the layers of the Sun's atmosphere, including the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona. It then discusses the Sun's 11-year activity cycle and how the magnetic field reverses polarity over time. The document also compares different types of light spectra and explains the composition of the Sun. It moves on to describe how scientists measure and classify stars based on properties like diameter, brightness, and temperature. Finally, it discusses the life cycles of stars, noting that lower mass stars like the Sun become red giants and white dwarfs, while higher mass stars may explode as supernovae and form neutron stars or black holes.

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    Ch._29_Notes.pdf

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    The document discusses stars and the Sun. It begins by describing the layers of the Sun's atmosphere, including the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona. It then discusses the Sun's 11-year activity cycle and how the magnetic field reverses polarity over time. The document also compares different types of light spectra and explains the composition of the Sun. It moves on to describe how scientists measure and classify stars based on properties like diameter, brightness, and temperature. Finally, it discusses the life cycles of stars, noting that lower mass stars like the Sun become red giants and white dwarfs, while higher mass stars may explode as supernovae and form neutron stars or black holes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    36 views6 pages

    Ch. 29 Notes PDF

    Uploaded by

    Stewart Cisco
    The document discusses stars and the Sun. It begins by describing the layers of the Sun's atmosphere, including the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona. It then discusses the Sun's 11-year activity cycle and how the magnetic field reverses polarity over time. The document also compares different types of light spectra and explains the composition of the Sun. It moves on to describe how scientists measure and classify stars based on properties like diameter, brightness, and temperature. Finally, it discusses the life cycles of stars, noting that lower mass stars like the Sun become red giants and white dwarfs, while higher mass stars may explode as supernovae and form neutron stars or black holes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    CHAPTER 29: STARS

    Section 29.1 The Sun

    1. ​Identify ​four unique characteristics of the Sun.

    2. ​State​ three facts about each layer of the Sun’s atmosphere in the table below.

    Photosphere Chromosphere Corona


    1. Lowest layer 1. Layer above 1. Top layer of the
    2. the visible surface of photosphere sun’s atmosphere
    the sun's atmosphere Visible only during a 2. Composed of low
    of earth solar eclipse density gas
    Most of the sun’s visible appears red 3. visible on earth
    light is emitted from this during a solar
    layer eclipse

    3. ​Sequence​ the solar activity.

    3 The cycle progresses to maximum spots.

    1
    4 The magnetic field returns to its original polarity.
    2 The cycle starts with minimum spots.
    1 The Sun’s magnetic field reverses in polarity.

    4. ​Analyze ​Figure 19.6 in your text. Make your own sketch of a cross-section of the
    Sun. Label the following in your sketch: ​the core, the radioactive zone, the convective
    zone, radiation, convection

    convective zone
    convection
    radioactive zone
    radiation
    core
    5. ​Compare​ continuous, emission and absorption spectra. Write each characteristic in
    the correct location in the diagram below.
    emission absorption
    -appears as bright lines -produced by a solid, liquid, or gas
    -has no breaks in the spectrum -comes from a non-compressed gas
    -appears as a series of dark bands -visible light arranged by wavelength

    6. Explain solar composition by completing the sentence.

    2
    The sun consists of Hydrogen, about 70.4 percent by mass, and Helium,
    28% percent, as well as a small amount of other trace gases.
    Section 29.2 Measuring Stars

    1. ​Organize​ information about star clusters by completing the diagram below.

    2. ​Identify​ six basic properties that scientists use to categorize stars.


    Diameter Energy Output
    Mass Surface Temp.
    Brightness Composition
    3. ​Write​ a review question related to the classification of stars. Then write a second
    review question related to wavelength shifts. Give the answer to each of your questions.

    Question: What do star types correspond to ?

    Answer: Star types Corresponds to temp


    Question: When a star moves toward earth what end of the spectrum do the lines shift
    toward

    Answer: The blue end of the spectrum.


    4. ​Analyze ​ Table 29.2 in your text. Describe the general characteristics of stars (size,
    temperature, and absolute magnitude) found in different locations on the H-R diagram.

    3
    Upper-left corner Upper-right corner Lower-left corner
    large, hot, and bright large, cool, and bright large, cool, and bright

    Section 29.3 Stellar Evolution


    1.​ Draw​ a diagram illustrating the two different life cycles a star may take based upon its
    mass. Include the following terms: supernova, red giant, black dwarf, super giant,
    protostars, nebula, white dwarf, black hole, neutron star

    2. ​Sequence​ the steps in the life cycle of the Sun.

    3 converts hydrogen into helium in its core


    7 star contracts back to normal size and becomes stable
    4 As the core runs out of hydrogen and then helium, the core contracts and the
    outer layers expand, cool, and become less bright.
    1 Stars are born in the nebulae.
    8 outer layers expand again and are driven off entirely leaving a planetary nebula
    5 the star becomes a red giant, the core becomes hot enough to become carbon
    9the core becomes exposed and is a white dwarf
    6the star loses gas from its outer layers
    2 Huge clouds of dust and gas collapse under gravitational forces, forming protostars.

    3. ​ Compare​ the evolution of a massive star with the evolution of the Sun using a Venn
    Diagram. Write each description below in the correct place.
    4
    -begins as a nebula -loses less of its mass
    -becomes a red giant once -loses much of its mass
    -becomes a red giant several times -more reaction phases-fewer reaction phases
    Massive Star Both Sun

    -becomes a red giant several times Begins as a nebula becomes a red giant once
    -loses much of its mass -fewer reaction phases
    -more reaction phases loses less of its mass

    5
    four unique characteristics of the Sun.
    four unique characteristics of the Sun:

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