Art Integration Project - Art and Culture of The State of Jharkhand

Art Integration Project_Art and Culture of the state of Jharkhand (TITLE)
Dear students, we are sharing the material for the art integration work in Social Science. This is a
compulsory project. You need to submit a stapled booklet of A4 white papers. You can use the
material which is shared with you in the attachment. We have facilitated the work for you by finding
an authentic and supporting material for you. Pictures are attached in the attachment. You can use
them. You need to submit once you return to School. Our request is, please help the one who have
technical issues in downloading by sharing the material and the instructions to their WhatsApp. Do it
only when the other one deserves it. PLEASE TELL PARENTS THAT IT IS A COMPULSORY
PROJECT TO BE SUBMITTED TO BOARD.
Submission Date: 27/10/2023
Required time: one hour or one and half hours for five days.
Work needs to be done: On one side of the page hand writing and another side, paste the relevant
pictures. Pictures are already shared in the attachment. YOU CAN BE OUT OF BOX AND CAN
PREPARE YOUR OWN PROJECT WITH OUT MISSING THE BASIC OF THE TITLE
OTHERWISE YOU CAN USE THE MATTER WHICH IS SHARED IN THE MATERIAL. All the
best students!! �
The way to present ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am highly indebted to our teachers for guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing
necessary information regarding the project and also for her support in completing the project.
I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the kind
support and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to
all of them.
My thanks and appreciations also go to my school in developing the project and people who have
willingly helped me out with their abilities.
Students need to follow the below order page wise:
S. No. TOPIC
1 Acknowledgement
2 Index
3 Objectives
4 Introduction (Hand Drawn map of Jharkhand State with information about its
location and importance)
5 Jharkhand : Repository of one of India's Richest Ethnic Cultures (Day 1)
6 Living Rhythms (Day 2)
7 Folk Dance (Day 3)
8 Art, Craft & Living (Day 4)
9 Distinctive Traditions (Day 5)
10 Conclusion
11 Bibliography
12 Teacher’s evaluation report
OBJECTIVES
1. Students will have the opportunity to integrate any form of Indian art, whether visual or
performing, into their projects.
2. This approach aims to help students better comprehend projects that are culturally relevant to
them.
Jharkhand : Repository of one of India's Richest Ethnic Cultures (Day 1)
The cultural mosaic of Jharkhand was dreamt about, shaped and polished by generations of
communities, which have inhabited this land since time immemorial. From the legendary Asurs and
Santhals, to the Banjara, Bihor, Chero, Gond, Ho, Khond, Lohra, Mai Pahariya, Munda, Oraon, Kol
or Kawar-over thirty-two tribal groups (28 % of the total population of the state), have left their
impression on the culture of the region. And with them, were the cross-cultural influences of local
non-tribal communities and successive waves of Buddhism and Jainism, Mughal rule and the reign of
the Hindu emperors of Bengal. Art historians ascribe the 'oldest cave paintings' in India, the "scroll
paintings" to a Jharkhand tribe known as the Shabars, who today live on the edge of extinction. It is
an established fact that Stone Age tools discovered in Hazaribagh district and axes and spearheads
found in the Chaibasa area, are remnants of a civilization dating back a few thousand years. 10,000 to
30,000 years old rock paintings, paintings in huge caves in the Sati hills and other indicators of
ancient, even pre-historic, human settlements are found in profusion.
Living Rhythms (Day 2)

Every ethnic community has the blood of tribal memory circling their hearts. Today the Adivasis of
Jharkhand are coming back, not to the despair that has marked their recent history, but to the strong
sounds of drums, flutes, cymbals and voices raised in song. When the tribes of Jharkhand gather to
celebrate a very special occasion, whether at home or in village society, they make music and dance
to its rhythm. Maybe it makes them happy because it brings that long memory back, into the
framework of real life. It does not matter whether you understand the language or the lyrics of the
song that the; sing - ekhariya damckach, orjapi, jhumar, fagua, veer seren, jhika, philsanjha, adhratiya
or bhinsariya, doad, asadi, jhumti, or dhuria or other important folk-songs - you will recognize that
they yearn to carry ancient memory and culture into their lives today. Percussion, many kinds of
percussion, along with a variety of musical instruments are used by Jharkhand tribes to accompany
their singing and dancing. The Nagara, made of wood and stretched animal hide played with
drumsticks. Interestingly nagaras sound the best in summers, in winter they lose their vibrant beat.
The cylindrical Mandar, played by hand. Dhak, dhamsa, damana, Madan bhewri, ananad lahari, tuila,
vyang, ar-bansi, shankh, karha, tasa, thala, ghanta, kadri and gupi jantra are some quaint instruments
played.
Folk Dance (Day 3)

Dance forms echo warrior-like movements of battles fought long ago, for the men. Observations of
animal and bird behaviour were also blended into the dancing, sometimes light and airy, sometimes
heavy and solemn, as the mood demands. Everyday activities of womenfolk -working in the fields, in
the forests, in their homes, all reflect themselves in dance forms like the timeless Chhau, which
requires agility, suppleness, skilful hand movements. The Seraikela school of Chhau is held during
the Sun Festival. It is influenced by the principles of Bharatiya Natya Shastra but the theme is based
on folk-lore, nature and mythology. The choreograph follows Odissi in composition and execution.
Other well-known dances of tribal communities in Jharkhand include festive dancing such as - Sarhul
/Baha, where sal and mohua flowers are used ceremonially; the Dansai & Sorhai where the youth
sing and dance through the night of karam; Maghi Puja, an important festival of the Munda tribe;
Sarhul in which 'shalai' the flower of the sal tree is offered to the gods, with the flower as a symbol of
brotherhood; Tusu, the harvest festival, celebrated mainly by unmarried girls. A conopy is ade of light
wood and covered with thin tissue paper. The pyramidal shaped structure, edged with tinsel and
decorated with painted/printed images of local deities (sometimes even film stars), is carried by
village woman-chanting songs along the way-to the nearest water resource and immersed in it. Bazra
Puja, when Bazra or 'millet' is ready for harvesting; and the Bhagta Parab or the worship of Budha
Baba.
Art, Craft & Living (Day 4)
Jharkhand is full of surprises. Archeaologists have unearthed pre-Harappan pottery, and pre-historic
cave paintings and rock-art, that hint at ancient, cultured civilizations inhabiting these parts. Who
exactly were the original settlers of Jharkhand? We will never truly know. But one look at the
intricate woodwork, the pitkar paintings, tribal ornaments, stone carvings, dolls and figurines, masks
and baskets, will tell you how deep into time these manifestations of culture go, how the well-spring
of creativity continues to recharge the spirit of the tribes and the state itself.Among the most delicate,
fragile, beautiful ands threatened indigenous traditions of India are for example, the Kohvar and
Sohrai paintings, which are sacred, secular and relevant to a woman's world. This is the art practiced
exclusively by married women, during weddings and at harvest time, and the skill and the
information is handed down to younger females of the clan.Comb-cut or finger-painted, Kohvar art
celebrates marriage, and the wall-painted Sohrai, bumper crops. Elaborate design motifs, animal and
plant forms, fertility motifs are abundant and often echo ancient cave art found in the surrounds. The
colours used are all natural - neutral earth shades, red oxide from stone, red ochre, kaolin white,
manganese black earth etc.. Blue and green are aberrant colours and do not feature prominently.
Jharkhand is known for its wood work, bamboo works, pitkar paintings, tribal ornaments and stone
carving. The beautifully carved wood products and bamboo products show the craftsmanship of the
people. Lack of promotion and marketing for these products has mostly resulted in extinction of
some crafts like paitkar paintings and stone carvings. Wood Craft: Once a dense forest area,
Jharkhand with the abundance of wood, resulted in the use this for creating variety of wood articles
for household requirements. Bamboo: The bamboos found in the Jharkhand forest are thin but
flexible and strong. Using these, the artisans of Jharkhand produce different artifacts like basket,
haunting and fishing equipment.The people here are to be much involved into artistic approaches in
whatever they work, to name some of the fame arts in this region could be Oraon Bhitichitra ,
Santhali Bhitichitra and Jado Patiya are the styles of paintings that still exist.
Distinctive Traditions (Day 5)

Each sub-caste and tribal grouping Jharkhand has a unique tradition to uphold.
Oraon comb-cut paintings
Oraon comb-cut paintings can be traced back to ancient times. Images of cattle, feeding troughs,
papyrus, birds, fish, plants, circled lotus, zigzag, square,opposing triangle geometric forms, arches in
series - are common. Floral art forms are used during harvest time.
Ganju
Ganju art forms are characterized by images of animals, wild and domesticated, and plant forms.
Large murals of animals, birds, and floral exotica, decorate homes. Endangered animals are often
depicted in picture-story tradition.
Prajapati, Rana &Teli
Prajapati, Rana &Teli the three sub-castes decorate their homes with plant and animal fertility forms,
using both finer painting and comb cutting techniques. The 'prajapati' style uses filigree work, with
emphasis on zoomorphic plants representations and Pashupati (Siva) the God of Animals, and floral
motifs filled with colour.
Kurmi
Kurmi an unique style of 'sohrai', where drawing outlines are scratched onto the surface of a wall
with nails and a wooden compass is used to etch the segmented lotus. Pashupati or Lord Shiva is
depicted as a horned deity on the back of a bull. Red, black and white lines are drawn in pairs on
either side to represent the ashes of ancestors. The Kurmis of Bhehwara use glyptic art to represent
plants on the walls and floors of their homes.
Mundas
Mundas use their fingers to paint in the soft, wet earth of their homes and use unique motifs like the
rainbow snake and plant forms of deities. Lavender-gray coloured mud from rock-art sites next to
Munda villages, are used with ochre mud as contrast colour.
Ghatwals
Ghatwals use glyptic paintings of animals on their forest dwellings.
Turi
Turi who are a small community of basket-makers use predominantly floral and jungle-based motifs
in natural earthy tones on the walls of their homes.
Birhor & Bhuiya
Birhor & Bhuiya use simple, strong, and authentic graphic forms like 'mandalas', painting with their
fingers. Crescents, stars, yoni, rectangles with corner petals, ovals with flared lines and concentric
circles, are common.
Manjhi Santhal
Manjhi Santhal - the striking warring figures painted in black on simple clay plaster walls are
startling reminders that their origins probably had links with the Indus Valley civilization.
Pictures to be Hand Drawn:

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Art Integration Project_Art and Culture of the state of Jharkhand (TITLE)

Living Rhythms (Day 2)

Folk Dance (Day 3)

Distinctive Traditions (Day 5)

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