Syllabus For Physics

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Syllabus for Physics

Section 1: Mathematical Physics


Linear vector space: basis, orthogonality and completeness; matrices; vector calculus; linear
differential equations; elements of complex analysis: Cauchy-Riemann conditions, Cauchy’s
theorems, singularities, residue theorem and applications; Laplace transforms, Fourier analysis;
elementary ideas about tensors: covariant and contra variant tensor, Levi-Civita and Christoffel
symbols.

Section 2: Classical Mechanics


D’Alembert’s principle, cyclic coordinates, variational principle, Lagrange’s equation of motion,
central force and scattering problems, rigid body motion; small oscillations, Hamilton’ s
formalisms; Poisson bracket; special theory of relativity: Lorentz transformations, relativistic
kinematics, mass‐energy equivalence.

Section 3: Electromagnetic Theory


Solutions of el ectrostatic and magnetostatic problems including boundary value problems;
dielectrics and conductors; Maxwell’s equations; scalar and vector potentials; Coulomb and
Lorentz gauges; Electromagnetic waves and their reflection, refraction, interference, diffraction
and polarization; Poynting vector, Poynting theorem, energy and momentum of electromagnetic
waves; radiation from a moving charge.

Section 4: Quantum Mechanics


Postulates of quantum mechanics; uncertainty principle; Schrodinger equation; one-, two- and
three-dimensional potential problems; particle in a box, transmission through one dimensional
potential barriers, harmonic oscillator, hydrogen atom; linear vectors and operators in Hilbert
space; angular momentum and spin; addition of angular momenta; time independent perturbation
theory; elementary scattering theory.

Section 5: Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics


Laws of thermodynamics; macrostates and microstates; phase space; ensembles; partition
function, free energy, calculation of thermodynamic quantities; classical and quantum statistics;
degenerate Fermi gas; black body radiation and Planck’s distribution law; Bose‐Einstein
condensation; first and second order phase transitions, phase equilibria, critical point.

Section 6: Atomic and Molecular Physics


Spectra of one‐ and many‐electron atoms; LS and jj coupling; hyperfine structure; Zeeman and
Stark effects; electric dipole transitions and selection rules; rotational and vibrational spectra of
diatomic molecules; electronic transition in diatomic molecules, Franck‐Condon principle; Raman
effect; NMR, ESR, X-ray spectra; lasers: Einstein coefficients, population inversion, two and three
level systems.

Section 7: Solid State Physics & Electronics


Elements of crystallography; diffraction methods for structure determination; bonding in solids;
lattice vibrations and thermal properties of solids; free electron theory; band theory of solids:
nearly free electron and tight binding models; metals, semiconductors and insulators; conductivity,
mobility and effective mass; optical, dielectric and magnetic properties of solids; elements of
superconductivity: Type-I and Type II superconductors, Meissner effect, London equation.
Semiconductor devices: diodes, Bipolar Junction Transistors, Field Effect Transistors; operational
amplifiers: negative feedback circuits, active filters and oscillators; regulated power supplies; basic
digital logic circuits, sequential circuits, flip‐flops,counters, registers, A/D and D/A conversion.

Section 8: Nuclear and Particle Physics


Nuclear radii and charge distributions, nuclear binding energy, Electric and magnetic moments;
nuclear models, liquid drop model: semi‐empirical mass formula, Fermi gas model of nucleus,
nuclear shell model; nuclear force and two nucleon problem; alpha decay, beta‐decay,
electromagnetic transitions in nuclei; Rutherford scattering, nuclear reactions, conservation laws;
fission and fusion; particle accelerators and detectors; elementary particles, photons, baryons,
mesons and leptons; quark model.

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