M31Lx-Phonology - Final Exam - Fall 2019

English Studies
Module 31.2- Phonology

Fall 2019
Name: Grade:
Code:
FINAL EXAM 20
I- Phonological rules (13 points)

A- In normal English, state what the following rules do.
C
1. - son [ - voiced ] $
+ voiced
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. V
[+ stressed] [ + long ] ____ CV
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
V
3. - high [ + high ] ____ #
- low
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
B- Write the phonological rules that correspond to the following statements.
1. A consonant t is epenthesized between two vowels.

________________________________________________________________________
2. A vowel is stressed before one or two word-final consonants.
________________________________________________________________________
3. A final consonant is deleted.
________________________________________________________________________
M31- Phonology- Fall 2019- Final exam 1/3

II- Data analysis (20 points)
B- In Tohono O’odham, the stops [t] and [d] are in complementary distribution with the
affricates [ʧ] and [ʤ], respectively.
ʤihsk ‘aunt’ dɔʔaʔk ‘mountain’

ʧu:li̥ ‘corner’ ʧɯwaʔgi̥ ‘clouds’
wahʧum̥ ‘drown’ taht ‘foot’
ʤɯwɯhkɔh ‘cut hair’ ʔahidaʔk ‘year’
tɔnɔ m̥ ‘be thirsty’ hɯhtahpspʧu̥ ‘make it 5’
hɯʤɯli̥ ‘self’ ʧihkpan̥ ‘work’
stahtɔnɔm:ah ‘thirsty times’ ʔi:dḁ ‘this’
mɯda m̥ ‘runner’ tɔhntɔ̥ ‘degenerate’
tɔdsid ‘frighten’ ʧɯpɔsid ‘brand’
gahtwi̥ ‘to shoot’ ʧɯhʧi̥ ‘name’
gɯʔɯdtḁ ‘get big’ ʤumali̥ ‘low’
tobidk ‘White Clay’ waʔʤiwih ‘swim’
spadmahka m̥ ‘lazy one’ ʤu:ʔw̥ ‘rabbits’
1. In which context does each pair of sounds occur?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Which pair of sounds is underlying? Justify your choice.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. Write a formal rule to account for the alternation.

________________________________________________________________________
4. Additional question: (i) What process applies to final sonorants in the data above?
(ii) Write a formal rule to account for it.
(i) Process: _________________________
(ii) Rule: ____________________________________________________________

B- Consider the tense vowel [i] and its lax counterpart [ɪ] in Lebanese Arabic.
btækli ‘you eat’ ʔɪntu ‘you, pl.’

kʊɾsi ‘chair’ bɪnt ‘girl’
ʔɪli ‘to me’ mɪtɪl ‘like’
ʔɪnti ‘you, sg.’ maʕi ‘with me’
bɪʔi ‘he stayed’ fi ‘there is’
1. In which context does each sound occur?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Which sound is underlying? Justify your choice.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. Write a formal rule to account for the alternation.

________________________________________________________________________
III- Phonological features: Use + or – to specify the sounds in the following charts
for all the features. (7 points)
syllabic consonantal sonorant nasal lateral continuant anterior coronal

ʃ
w
l
k
high low back rounded

y
ɑ
e
IV- Writing: In the space below, write a paragraph on the following. Use the back of
the paper to write your paragraph. (20 points)
Define and illustrate [± consonantal].

M31Lx-Phonology - Final Exam - Fall 2019

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English Studies

Module 31.2- Phonology

I- Phonological rules (13 points)

1. A consonant t is epenthesized between two vowels.

M31- Phonology- Fall 2019- Final exam 1/3

ʤihsk ‘aunt’ dɔʔaʔk ‘mountain’

1. In which context does each pair of sounds occur?

2. Which pair of sounds is underlying? Justify your choice.

3. Write a formal rule to account for the alternation.

(ii) Rule: ____________________________________________________________

M31- Phonology- Fall 2019- Final exam 2/3

btækli ‘you eat’ ʔɪntu ‘you, pl.’

1. In which context does each sound occur?

2. Which sound is underlying? Justify your choice.

3. Write a formal rule to account for the alternation.

syllabic consonantal sonorant nasal lateral continuant anterior coronal

high low back rounded

Define and illustrate [± consonantal].

M31- Phonology- Fall 2019- Final exam 3/3

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