What Is Vocabulary in Learning

What is vocabulary
Word – a unit of language

consisting of one or more spoken
sounds or their written
representation that functions as a
principle carrier of meaning.
Vocabulary
The body of words

used in a particular
language.
Word classes – a set or category of things having some
property or attribute in common and differentiated from
others by kind, type, or quality. For example, synonyms:
category, class, group, set, sort, kind, family are synonyms.
Word family
A group of words with a
common base to which
different prefixes and
suffixes are added. For
example, members of
the word family based
on the headword, base,
stem, or root word work
include rework , worker,
working, workshop, and
workmanship, among
others.
Lexical items
A single word, a part of a word, or a

chain of words(catena) that forms the
basic elements of a language’s
lexicon(=vocabulary).
Examples are: cat, traffic light, take

care of, by the way, and it is raining cats
and dogs.
It’s raining cats and dogs
It’s raining cats and dogs

is an idiom which means
it is raining extremely
heavily
For example: There’s no
way they’ll be playing at
the park,it’s raining cats
and dogs out there.
Take care of ….
Taking care of yourself is subjective,

not an obligation and is only
something you can define for yourself.
It’s about making choices with your
physical, emotional and, spiritual well-
being in mind, knowing that
sometimes you need to sacrifice one
to honor another.
Lexical item
Lexical chunk
A group of words that are
commonly found together.
Lexical chunks include
collocations but these usually
just involve content words, not
grammar.
Collocations
Collocations – two or
more words that usually
go together.
Verb collocations
Homonyms
Two words that are spelled the
same and sound the same but have
different meanings. Therefore, a
homonym is a word that has the
same name as another word,
meaning that the two words look
and sound exactly alike. Here are
some examples:
Address- to speak to/location
Air-oxygen/a lilting tune
Arm-body part/division of a company
Band-a musical group/a ring
Bark-a tree’s out layer/the sound a dog makes
Synonyms
Word or phrase that means
exactly or nearly the same as
another word or phrase in the
same language. Words that
are synonyms are said to be
synonymous, and the state of
being a synonym is called
synonymy.
Other ways to say…
Antonyms
Words that have contrasting, or
opposite meanings. Like so much of
the English language, “antonym” is
rooted in the Greek language. The
Greek word anti means opposite,
while onym means name. Opposite
name-that makes sense!
Homophone
Word that is
pronounced the
same (to varying
extend) as another
word but differs in
meaning. A
homophone may
also differ in
spelling. The two
words may be
spelled the same,
such as
rose(flower) and
rose(past tense of
“rise”), or
differently such as
carat, and carrot,
or to two and too.
Phrasal Verbs
A phrase (such as take
off or look down on)
that combines a verb
with a preposition or
adverb or both and that
functions as a verb
whose meaning is
different from the
combined meanings of
the individual words.
English phrasal verbs
Idioms
An expression, word, or phrase
that has a figurative meaning
conventionally understood by
native speakers. This meaning
is different from the literal
meaning of the idiom’s
individual elements. In other
words idioms don’t mean
exactly word the words say.
Style-a piece of writing is the way in which features of the language are
used to convey meaning, typically but not always within the constrains of
more widely accepted conventions of usage, grammar, and spelling.
Pronunciation - the way in which a word or a language is spoken.

This may refer to generally agreed-upon sequences of sounds used in
speaking a given word or language in a specific dialect (“correct
pronunciation”), or simply the way a particular individual speaks a word
or language.
Meaning - what is intended to be, or actually is, expressed or

indicated.
Pairs/Pelmanism - reinforcing the link between a word it’s

image in students’ minds.
Hangman
A game in which the object
is for one player to guess
the letters of an unknown
word before the players who
knows the word creates a
stick figure of a hanged man
by drawing one line for each
incorrect guess.
6 step method that works for teaching
new words
1. Present (show a picture/mime)
2. Elicit (extract the information from students)
3. Feed (if students don’t know the word, feed it to them)
4. Concept questions (e. g. What does…? Who uses...?)
5. Drill (repeat the word over-chorally and individually
6. Write (on the board and highlight the grammar and pronunciation)
Brainstorming
A group problem-solving
technique that involves the
spontaneous contribution
of ideas from all members
of the group conducted
several brainstorming
sessions also: the mulling
over of ideas by one or
more individuals in an
attempt to devise or find a
solution to a problem
For example, Teacher
writes the keyword is in the
middle of the board and
write new vocabulary
around it. You can use as a
“warmer”
Mix and match activity
Matching unfamiliar words
from one column with
definitions from another
column. The unfamiliar
words are numbered in
column one and the
definitions are mixed up
and lettered in column two.
Affixation game
Using prefixes and
suffixes to make new
words. Example:
students use a root
(such as happy) and
then brainstorm all the
words they can make
with that root: unhappy,
happiness, happily,
unhappily, happier, etc.
Gap fill
Exercises the students
select appropriate words to
insert in sentences

What Is Vocabulary in Learning

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What is vocabulary

Word – a unit of language

The body of words

A single word, a part of a word, or a

Examples are: cat, traﬃc light, take

It’s raining cats and dogs

Taking care of yourself is subjective,

Pronunciation - the way in which a word or a language is spoken.

Meaning - what is intended to be, or actually is, expressed or

Pairs/Pelmanism - reinforcing the link between a word it’s

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