Notes of PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Notes of PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Notes of PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Notes of PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Page 79
A.Multiple choice Type
1. b) Thylakoid
2. c) carbon dioxide is evolved
3. b) green
4. d) Photon
5. c) photolysis
6. d) thylakoid
7. b) methylated spirit
8. a) carbon dioxide
9. d) 35 degree centigrade
10. c) polymerization
2. Groups of terms
a. iron
b. stroma
c. heterotrophs
d. oxygen
e. phloem
e)
b) False
correct statement - The atmospheric temperature is an important
external factor affecting photosynthesis. With the rise in temperature,
the rate of photosynthesis rises. This rise occurs up to the optimum
temperature of 35°c ( maximum suitable temperature when the
photosynthesis occurs best) after which the rate falls and stops
above 40 degree centigrade
c) False
Ice cold water will hamper the process of photosynthesis in the
immersed leaf, even if there is sufficient sunshine because the
temperature is an important factor for the rate of photosynthesis.
d) False
For destarching, the potted plant can be kept in a dark room for 24
to 48 hours. During this period, all the starch will be removed from
the leaves and stored in the storage organs.
e) False
Correct statement- If a plant is kept in bright light all the 24 hours for
a few days, the dark reaction( the biosynthetic phase) will continue
to occur because the dark reaction is independent of light and it
occurs simultaneously with the light dependent reaction.
f) True
Question 4
Photons, grana, water molecules , hydrogen and hydroxyl ions,
oxygen
Question 5
e)
Question 6.
Complete the following food chains:
i) grass grasshoppers snake hawk
ii) corn mouse snake peacock
Question 7.
Name two examples.
a. Hydrilla , Elodea
b. Geranium , Croton
c. Carbon dioxide , water
d. Light, chlorophyll , carbon dioxide and water
e. Photochemical phase, Biosynthetic face
e)
Question 8
Question 9
To test the leaf for starch, the leaf is boiled in water to (1) kill the
cells. It is next boiled in methylated Spirit to (2) remove chlorophyll.
The leaf is placed in warm water to soften it. It is then placed in a
dish and (3) Iodine solution is added. The region which contain
starch turns (4)blue black and the region which does not contain
starch turns (5) brown.
Question 10
Write the exact location of each.
(a) Chlorophyll - wall of thylakoid
(b) Chloroplast in the parts of a plant- Mesophyll cells of upper
and lower epidermis of leaves
(c) Stroma - chloroplast
(d) Guard cells - stomata
(e) Palisade cells - beneath epidermis
e)
Descriptive type
Question -1
Define
(a) Photosynthesis- Photosynthesis is the process by which
living plant cells containing chlorophyll produce food substances
like (glucose and starch) from carbon dioxide and water by
using light energy. Oxygen is released as a byproduct.
(d) To destarch the leaves, the plant is kept in the dark for 24
to 48 hours. This stops photosynthesis in the plant . During this
time, the starch already present in the leaves is translocated to
the storage organs of the plant from the leaves.
Question 3.
Give reason.
Producers Consumers
1. They are 1. They are
autotrophs. heterotrophs.
Grass Grasshopper
1.Green grass being a 1. Grasshopper is a
producer is capable of primary consumer
producing its own food (herbivore) that
by photosynthesis directly feeds on
producers like grass
e)
Stoma Stroma
1.A stoma is a microscopic pore 1. Stroma is is the colourless
surrounded by two specialised guard ground substance found in
cells found in the leaves and stems. It's the chloroplast. It is the site
of light independent
main function is gaseous exchange.
reactions of photosynthesis
Question 5.
1. Place some water plants (Elodea or Hydrilla) in a beaker
containing pond water and and cover them by a short- stemmed
funnel.
2.Invert a test tube full of water over the stem of the funnel. Ensure
that the level of water in the beaker is above the level of stem of
the inverted funnel .)
3.Place the apparatus in the sun for a few hours. Bubbles of gas will
collect in the test tube.
4. Test the gas in the test tube.A glowing splinter bursts into flame
which shows the presence of oxygen.
Question 6.
Light reaction
The light reaction occurs in two main steps:
Step-1- Activation of chlorophyll
e)
Dark reaction
The reactions in this phase do not require light energy and is not
dependent on light.It occurs simultaneously with the light reaction.
e)
The time gap between the light and dark reaction is less than 1000th
of a second. In the dark reaction , ATP and NADPH molecules
(produced during light reaction) are used to produce glucose from
carbon dioxide. Fixation and reduction of carbon dioxide occurs in
the stroma of the chloroplast through a series of reactions. The
glucose produced is either immediately used up by the cells or stored
in the form of starch.
Question 2
Question 3
e)
(b) The plant was placed in the dark before beginning the experiment to
destarch the leaves.
(d) After the starch test on leaf A, only the green parts of the leaf
turn blue black showing the presence of starch.
e)
Question 4
(a) The objective is to prove that carbon dioxide is necessary
for photosynthesis.
(b) No, the experiment will not work satisfactorily because
the beaker contains lime water which does not absorb carbon
dioxide
(c) To obtain expected results , the lime water should be
replaced with potassium hydroxide because it absorbs carbon
dioxide.
(d) Before starting the experiment, it is necessary to destarch
the leaves of the plant by keeping the plant in complete
darkness for 48 hours . This is because if the plant is not
destarched, then the experiment will give false results because
starch stored previously may be detected in the leaf placed in
the beaker even if no starch is produced during the experiment .
Question 6