Project2 Expressions, Formula, Equations

eh 2 Expressions, formulae and equations >> 2 — Write these statements as inequalities. The first one has been done for you. a yisgreater than 8 yrs b nis greater than -1 © pisless than zero d_qisless than -2 3 Copy each number line and show each inequality on the number line, a x3 fo-2? 3 a. a6 Bess 2 Be Hes OF € x58 oo ee doox<-l 43 24 0 1 4 — Write down the inequality that each of these number lines shows. Tso the letter ¥ = gS eG a b ee | or 8 9 es —____5 Fe eeliceshe alae = a= « d 2 - 0 1 2 7 6 5S 4 3 qV 5 Thisis part of Katya’s homework. ‘Question : Greig meal 2st, Wren dasa: In the solution i the smallest integer that x could be to parti, the ii a list of the integer values that X could be. three dots (called § ellipses) after the Solution number 11 show i The smallest integer is 7. that the list goos i X could be 7, 8, 9, 10, 1, on forever. a Explain the mistakes that Katya has made and write down the correct solutions. b Discuss your answers to part a with a partner. Make sure you have corrected all of Katya’s mistakes.6 Foreach of these inequalities: a ypa4 b y>-7 © yrds i Write down the smallest integer that y could be. ii Write a list of the integer values that y could be. 7 For each of these inequalities: a n<-6 bo n The method | am going to use is to first show each inequality on a number line. Then | can easily see which green and blue rectangles | need to join with each inequality c m g Use Arun's method to answer the question. Critique Arun’s method by describing the advantages and disadvantages of his urethod. Can you improve his method or suggest a better method?iS ene Ce ete heck your progress ‘Nimrah thinks of a number, n. Write an expression for the number Nimrah gets each time when she multiplies the number by 4 b subtracts 6 from the number adds 12 to the number multiplies the number by 3, then adds 5. Work out the value of each expression. 2a+3 when a=8 b p—qwhen p=13 and q=7 2—3when 6=27 Loli lives with three friends. They share the gas hill equally between the four of them. @ Write a formula to work out the amount they each pay, in: words ii letters Use your formula in part aii to work out the amount they each pay when the gas bill is $96 Simplify these expressions, a ntntn b 3e45e © 9-3 d 3xy+Sy2- 2xy+3zy Expand the brackets. a 342) 63-w) 4x +2) J 3(7-4v+6W) Solve each of these equations and check your answers. a n¥3=8 b m-4=12 3p=24 d 2h+6=24 Marcus and Zara have set some puzzles. Write an equation for each puzzle. Solve your equations to find the values of the unknown numbers. = ; | think of a Ithink of a number. | multiply number and add 3. itby 2 then add 4 The answer is 22, The answer is 28. ‘Write dawn the inequality shown on this number line.7x 1000 35% 100 81 1000 Choose the correct answer, A, B or C, for the following. 3.4% 10= 340 B 0.34 34 2.5 100= 250 B25 2500 0.57% 1000= ST B 570 5700 1.84% 10— 184 B O.184 FRA 63.2% 100= 6320 B 632 63200 8.95 1000= 89500 B 895 8950 Write T (true) or F (false) for each of these equations. If you write false, work out the correct answe1 8+10=0.8 12=100=1.2 830 = 1004 534.0% 10=0.346 17.1 =100=0.171 4250 > Copy this maths wall diagram and write the missing numbers in the red bricks. Follow the arrows forwards, then backwards. Round each of these numbers to the nearest whole number. 67 42 178 145.1 253.61 124.093 Place value and rounding You use numbers every day, but you do not always need the numbers to be exact. Numbers are often rounded. This is because it is easier to work with rounded numbers and to compare them. You can usually round numbers when exact accuracy isn’t important. For example, look at these two newspaper articles: Real Madrid take Real Madrid Take the top spot! ‘The Top Spot! ‘On Saturday afternoon 74 836 ‘On Saturday afternoon 75 000 football fans saw Real Madrid football fans saw Real Madd beat FC Barcelona by two goals bout FC Barcelona by two gous to take the top spot in La Liga to tke the top spot in La Liga {Spain's top football league). {pains top football eague) ‘The article on the left gives the accurate number of footballl fans, that is, 74836. The article on the right rounds the number to 75000. This mean the second article is casier to read, and it ian’t really important to the story whether 74836 or 75000 football fans watched the game. For market research, companies usually use accurate numbers in their calculations. They will generally round their answers to give final figures that are easier to compare. For example, a telephone company may look at the population figures of different countries and the numbers of phones used in those countries. The company can use these figures to help it decide how to merease sales of phones or to decide whether more network coverage is needed. Look at this information about Bangladesh and Hong Kong: Bangladesh Hong Kong Population: 158570535 Population: 7122508 Number of phones: 74192350 Number of phones: 13 264896 Number of phones per person: Number of phones per person: 0.467882... 1.862391...3. Place value and rounding Bangladesh has a much bigger population than Hong Kong. However, ‘when you compare the number of phones per person, you can see that there are more phones per person in Hong Kong than in Bangladesh. You can round both the decimal numbers that have been calculated. You can then say that there are approximately 0.5 phones per person in Bangladesh compared with approximately 2 phones per person in Hong Kong. > 3.1 Multiplying and dividing by powers of 10 In thi © multiply multiply You can write all the numbers 10, 100, 1000, 10000, ... as powers of 10. The power of 10 is written as an index. This is the number of 10s that you multiply together to get the final number. It is also the same as the number of zeros that follow the digit 1. Look at this pattern of numbers: 10= 10! 10 is ten to the power of 1 or simply 10. 100= 10x 10= 10? 100 is ten to the power of 2 or “10 squared’. 1000= 10 10 10= 10? 1000 is ten to the power of 3 or “10 cubed’ 10000= 10x10 10% 10=10' 10000 is ten to the power of 4. a Write 10°in: i numbers fi words b Write the number 100000 as a power of 10. classify index (plural indices) powers of 10 power As this pattern continues, the numbers get bigger and bigger.3.1, Multiplying and dividing by powers of 10 Answer a i 1000000 10°= 10 10% 10 10 1010, You write this as a 1 followed by six zeros. fi one million 1000000 in words is ‘one million’. b 10° ‘There are five zeros after the 1 in 100000, so 100000= 10°. When you multiply a number by a power of 10, you move the digits in the number to the left in the place value table. ‘When you divide a number by a power of 10, you move the digits in the number to the right in the place value table. Work out the answer to each of the following. a 23*10' b 3.581 «10° © 43000~10° Answer a 23x10* = 2310000 10 is the same as 10000. 230000 ‘The digits 2 and 3 move four places to the left in the place value table. ‘The four empry spaces are filled with zeros. b 358110" = 3.581% 1000000 —_‘10*is the same as 1000000. = 3581000 The digits 3, 5, 8 and 1 move six places to the left in the place value table The three empty spaces are filled with zeros. © 45000 + 10° = 45000 + 100000 10°is the same as 100000. = 045 The digits 4 and 5 move five places to the right in the place value table. ‘The one empty space hefore the decimal point is filled with a zero,3. Place value and rounding Exercise 3.1 1 Write the following in: i numbers ii words a 10 b 10° « 107 d 10 Write each number as a power af 10. a 100 b 100000000 =< ~—‘10000 10000000000 ‘Copy and complete the working for each of these. a 3x10" =3x10000 a b 5x 10° = 5x 1000000 Oo © 45x 10° = 45 x 100000 dd 291x 10" = 291 x 1000 -O Marcus says: ‘When I multiply a whole number by 10, I just have to add four zeros to the end of the number. When I multiply a whole number by 10°, [just have to add five zeros to the end of the number. This works for any positive whole nimber power.” Is Marcus correct? Discuss in pairs or groups. Work out: a 2x10 b 768x108 © 9x10 Copy and complete the working for each of these. a 42x10? = 4.2100 b 6.5 x10 10.000 © 12.710" = 12.7 x 1000 d 2.87x 10° = 2.87 x 10000003.1 Multiplying and dividing by powers of 10 “| 7 Sofia and Maya use diferent methods to work out 4.56 10° This is what they write: Sofia Maya Question Question 4.56 10° 4.56x10° Answer Answer There are five zeros in 10°, so The number 4.56 has two decimal move the decimal paint fure places places. to the right. The number 10° has fwve zeros. = This means I must add three zeros | There are three emply spaces, so to the end of the number and cross (fill them with zeros. out the decimal point. So, 4.56x 10° = 456000, So, 4.56% 10° = 456.000, a Doyou understand how both methods work? b Critique the two methods. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each method ¢ Which method do you prefer? Why doesn’t Marcus’ method work for this type of question? Discuss in pairs or groups. 8 Work out: a 472x108 b 91.5x10 © 033x107 9 Copy these calculations and fill in the missing numbers. a 1Sx10— b 3214[-]=3210 ‘ x 105=612000 d 124.63 10[]=124630000 10. Copy and complete the working for each of the following, a 8000+ 10° — 8000 + 1000 b 80 500.000 + 10° = 80 500000 + 100.000— 3 Place value and rounding qY 11 Marcus says: ‘When I divide a whole number by 10%, I just have to cross four zeros off the end of the number. When I divide a whole number by 10°, I just have to cross five zeros off the end of the number. This works for any positive whole number power: Is Marcus correct? Discuss in pairs or groups 12 Work out: a 80000+10* b 510000+ 10° © 8460000000+ 10° ieeinn emer 13. Sofia and Maya use different methods to work out 2350000+ 10° This is what they write: Sofia Question 2350000 + 10° Answee There are five zeros in 10°, so The number 2350000 has four move the decimal point fe places zeros to the left The number 10° has five zeros LV VV V\ 5-4 =1, so there must be ane = 23/5 Fororolo : the decimal a He digit (non-zero) after point the 3 and the 5. So 2350000 + 10° = 23.5 So, 2350000 + 10° = 23.5, Do you understand how both methods work? Critique the two methods by explaining the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Which method do you prefer? Can you think of a better method to use for this type of question? Discuss in pairs or groups.

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