Soal Latihan Amygdala Embriology

1.
Neural crest cells differentiate into:

A. postganglionic sympathetic cell bodies
B. cells of the inferior mesenteric ganglion
C. adrenal medullary cells
D. cells of the enteric plexus
E. all of the above are correct
2. In the development of the nervous system:

A. the neural groove forms from the neural plate
B. the neural folds are composed of neuroepithelial cells
C. the neural tube maintains temporary contact with the amniotic cavity via neuropores
D. neuroepithelial cells give rise to both neuroblasts and glia blasts
3. Of the following, the item most closely associated with the pons is:
A. telencephalon
B. diencephalon
C. mesencephalon
D. metencephalon
E. myelencephalon
4. Of the following, the one most closely associated with the cerebrum is:
A. telencephalon
B. diencephalon
C. mesencephalon
D. metencephalon
E. myelencephalon
5. Of the following, the one most closely associated with the 3rd ventricle is:
A. telencephalon
B. diencephalon
C. mesencephalon
D. metencephalon
E. myelencephalon
6. Congenital absence of neural crest cells could result in:

A. absence of sympathetic chain ganglia
B. facial malformations
C. absence of adrenal medulla
D. absence of pigment cells
7. Failure of the brain to grow may result in:

A. plagiocephaly
B. craniostenosis
C. acrocephaly
D. scaphocephaly
E. microcephaly
8. Cerebrospinal fluid:
A. is produced in choroid plexuses
B. circulates in the ventricular system of the brain and in the subarachnoid spaces
C. re-enters the venous blood at the arachnoid
D. blockage of its circulation can lead to internal or external hydrocephalus
9. The ganglia of the autonomic nervous system are derived from:

a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. both
d. neither
10. Hydrocephalus
a. exhibits decreased accumulation of CSF within the ventricles or between the brain
and dura mater
b. is accompanied by an excessive amount of amniotic fluid
c. may be caused by an obstruction of the aqueduct of Sylvius
d. may be caused by an absence of the choroid plexuses
11. Spina bifida cystica and meningoencephalocele:

a. are often caused by a failure of the neural tube to close
b. have their inception during the fourth week of development
c. always occur together in the affected individual
d. have as their primary cause a defect in development of bone
12. Meningoencephalocele:
a. is due to the failure of the neural tube to close
b. is often associated with displacement of medulla and some cerebellum into the
vertebral canal
c. most frequently is located in the cervical cord region
d. s not related to hydrocephaly
13. Anencephaly:
a. is the result of failure of the cephalic part of the neural tube to form
b. has its inception during the 5th week of development
c. is seen more frequently in females than in males
d. is accompanied by a deficiency in amniotic fluid
14. Congenital absence of neural crest cells could result in:
a. absence of sympathetic chain ganglia
b. facial malformations
c. absence of adrenal medulla
d. absence of pigment cells
e. all of the above are correct
15. Which of the following is usually associated with anencephaly?
a. macrocephalus
b. hydrocephalus
c. cranioschisis
d. microcephalus
e. conical cranium
16. A 28 year-old G2P1 female patient comes in for a check up for the first time.
Sonographic dating puts her roughly around 30 weeks. She states she hasn't been taking
any prenatal vitamins or any supplements. On ultrasonography, it has also been identified
that the fetus has anencephaly. What is the specific abnormality causing this condition?
a. defective neural crest migration
b. neural tube defect
c. myogenic cell migration defect
d. defective division of somites
17. The eyes begin to form as a population of cells in the:

A) Mesencephalon
B) Midbrain
C) Rhombencephalon
D) Prosencephalon
E) Floorplate
18. The Lens Placode is induced by the contact between the neural ectoderm of the ______
and the
________
A) Optic Stalk/Optic Cup
B) Optic Vesicle/Surface Ectoderm
C) Forebrain/Optic Stalk
D) Optic Groove/Surface Ectoderm
E) Optic Stalk/Surface Ectoderm
19. Corneal development is induced by the ________ acting on the overlying surface
ectoderm
A) Lens Vesicle
B) Optic Vesicle
C) Lens Placode
D) Optic Cup
E) Optic Stalk
20. Cyclopia is the result of which of the following?

A) Absence of Pax6 and underdevelopment of eyes
B) Absence of SHH causing optic fields to converge
C) Downregulation of Pax6 in the ventral midline of the diencephalon
D) Overexpression of SHH in the forebrain causing optic fields to diverge
E) None of the above
21. The cochlear duct contains the spiral organ of Corti and is derived from which of the
following?
A. Both ectoderm and mesoderm
B. Neural crest
C. Endoderm
D. Mesoderm
E. Ectoderm
22. The middle ear cavity :

A. Is of mesodermal origin
B. Develops from pharyngeal pouch 1
C. Develops from pharyngeal arch 1
D. Develops from pharyngeal arch 2
E. Develops from the otic vesicle
23. The otic vesicle

a. Gives rise to the bony labyrinth
b. Is found adjacent to the rhombencephalon
c. Is derived from neuroectoderm
d. Gives rise to the auricle (pinna)
e. Gives rise to the tympanic membrane
24. The utricular portion of the otic vesicle gives rise to the
A. Ductus reuniens
B. Cochlear duct
C. Endolymphatic sac
D. Scala vestibuli
E. Scala tympani
25. The saccular portion of the otic vesicle gives rise to the
A. Organ of Corti
B. Endolymphatic duct
C. Superior semicircular canal
D. Crus commune nonampullare
E. Lateral semicircular canal
26. Pharyngeal groove 1 gives rise to the

a. Internal auditory meatus
b. External auditory meatus
c. Eustachian tube
d. Cervical sinus
e. Primary tympanic cavity
27. Failure of the choroid fissure to close results in
A. Congenital detached retina
B. Congenital aniridia
C. Congenital aphakia
D. Coloboma iridis
E. Microphthalmos
28. the surface ectoderm gives rise to which of the following structures?
a. Dilator pupillae muscle
b. Retina
c. Lens
d. Sclera
e. Choroid

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1.

Neural crest cells differentiate into:

2. In the development of the nervous system:

6. Congenital absence of neural crest cells could result in:

7. Failure of the brain to grow may result in:

9. The ganglia of the autonomic nervous system are derived from:

11. Spina bifida cystica and meningoencephalocele:

17. The eyes begin to form as a population of cells in the:

20. Cyclopia is the result of which of the following?

22. The middle ear cavity :

23. The otic vesicle

26. Pharyngeal groove 1 gives rise to the

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