Am American National Standard

Designation: F2435 – 07

Standard Specification for

Steel Reinforced Polyethylene (PE) Corrugated Pipe1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2435; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, So-

1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods lution Hardened, and Bake Hardenable
for materials, dimensions, workmanship, elongation, impact D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
resistance, pipe stiffness, perforations, and markings for steel D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
reinforced corrugated polyethylene (PE) piping systems of moplastic Pipe and Fittings
nominal sizes 8 in. (200 mm), through 80 in. (2000 mm). The D2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermo-
steel reinforced polyethylene pipes governed by this standard plastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applica-
are intended for use in underground applications where soil tions
provides support for their flexible walls. These pipes will be D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
used to collect or convey stormwater runoff for storm sewers Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
and drainage pipes, or both. D3212 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only Fittings Materials
and are not considered standard. F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
1.3 There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard. F449 Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Control
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- F477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Join-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- ing Plastic Pipe
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. F2136 Test Method for Notched, Constant Ligament-Stress
(NCLS) Test to Determine Slow-Crack-Growth Resistance
2. Referenced Documents of HDPE Resins or HDPE Corrugated Pipe
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 2.2 AASHO Standard4
A591/A591M Specification for Steel Sheet, Electrolytic Standard Specification for Highway Bridges, Division II,
Zinc-Coated, for Light Coating Weight [Mass] Applica- Section 30, “Metal Culverts.”
tions3 2.3 Federal Standards: 5
A653/A653M Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
(Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) 2.4 Military Standards:5
by the Hot-Dip Process MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
A1008/A1008M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-
3. Terminology
Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy,
3.1 Definitions—Definitions used in this specification are in
accordance with Terminology F412, unless otherwise noted.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.11 on 3.2.1 double-wall, adj—polyethylene corrugated pipe with
Composite.
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally
steel reinforcing helical V-shaped profiles encapsulated within
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F2435–05 DOI: the corrugations and with an closed channel on the inside of the
10.1520/F2435-07. pipe (See Fig. 1).
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
the ASTM website. Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001.
3 5
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
on www.astm.org. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

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 F2435 – 07
U-shaped profiles encapsulated within the corrugations and
with steel reinforcing helical flat profiles encapsulated within
the exterior polyethylene layer and with a closed channel
(polyethylene layer) on the inside of the pipe (See Fig. 3 and
Fig. 4).
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Steel reinforced corrugated PE pipes are used for
underground applications where soil provides support to their
flexible walls. Their major use is to collect or convey storm
water run-off for sewers and drains, or both.
4.2 Exclusions from recommended use:
4.2.1 Permanent exposure to sunlight and exposure to
chemicals whose compatibility with the pipe and fittings is not
known.
5. Materials
5.1 Polyethylene Materials:
5.1.1 Polyethylene compounds used in the manufacture of
steel reinforced corrugated PE drainage pipe shall meet or
exceed the requirements of cell classification of 444430C as
FIG. 1 Double - Wall Steel Reinforced Corrugated Polyethylene defined and described in Specification D3350.
Pipe 5.1.2 Slow crack growth resistance of the polyethylene
natural resin shall be determined by testing in accordance with
3.2.2 single-wall, adj—polyethylene corrugated pipe with Test Method F2136. The applied stress shall be 600 psi (4100
steel reinforcing helical V-shaped profiles encapsulated within kPa). The test specimens must exceed 24 h with no failures.
the corrugations and with a open channel on the inside of the Testing shall be done on polyethylene material taken from the
pipe (See Fig. 2). finished pipe.
3.2.3 triple-wall, adj—polyethylene corrugated pipe with 5.1.3 Carbon Black Content—Minimum 2.0 wt. % to a
steel reinforcing profiles either helical V-shaped profiles or maximum 3.0 wt. % of the total of the polyethylene compound.

FIG. 2 Single - Wall Steel Reinforced Corrugated Polyethylene

Pipe

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 F2435 – 07

FIG. 3 Triple-Wall Steel Reinforced Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe-Type A

FIG. 4 Triple-Wall Steel Reinforced Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe-Type B

5.2 Steel Materials: 5.5 Lubricant—The lubricant used for assembly of gasketed
5.2.1 The minimum thickness of the steel profiles shall be joints shall have no detrimental effect on the gasket or on the
0.0078 inches (0.20 mm) and the minimum yield strength shall pipe.
not be less than 20 ksi (140 MPa). The steel substrate shall 6. Requirements
conform either to Specification A1008/A1008M and have a
zinc-galvanized coating shall have a minimum zinc coating 6.1 Workmanship—The inside and outside surfaces of the
designation of 20Z (intermediate coating) as defined in Speci- pipe shall be semi-matte or glossy in appearance and free of
fication A591/A591M or to Specification A653/A653M and chalking, sticky, or tacky materials. The pipe wall shall not
have a zinc coating design of G40 as defined in Specification have cracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions or other
A653/A653M. defects that are visible to the naked eye and that can affect the
wall integrity or the bonding to the steel reinforcement. Holes
5.2.2 Steel Material Content—Maximum 46 % (62 %) of deliberately placed in perforated pipe are permitted. The
the total weight of the pipe. The steel material is fully surface shall be free of bloom.
encapsulated by the polyethylene material with a minimum 6.2 Pipe Dimensions and Tolerances:
thickness of the polyethylene of 0.055 in. (1.4 mm) for 6.2.1 Pipe Dimensions (for both perforated and non-
single-wall and double-wall pipe and 0.020 in. (0.5 mm) for perforated pipe) shall comply with Table 1 for single-wall and
triple-wall pipe. double-wall pipe and Table 2 for triple-wall pipe, when
5.3 Rework Material—Rework material is not to be used in measured in accordance with Test Method D2122.
the manufacture of this product. 6.2.2 Inside Diameter—The tolerance on the nominal inside
5.4 Gaskets—Elastomeric gaskets shall comply with the diameter shall be 62.0 %, when measured in accordance with
requirements specified in Specification F477. section 8.3.

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 F2435 – 07
TABLE 1 Nominal Pipe Sizes, Dimensions, and Pipe Stiffness for Single - Wall Pipe and Double - Wall Pipe
Nominal Pipe Inside Outside Pitch Minimum Pipe Stiffness
Size Diameter Diameter Waterway Wall
in. in. in. in. in. psi
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (MPa)
8 (200) 8.0 (203) 9.10 (231.1) 2.16 (54.9) 0.13 (3.3) 58 (0.40)
10 (250) 10.0 (254) 10.95 (278.1) 2.16 (54.9) 0.13 (3.3) 58 (0.40)
12 (300) 12.0 (305) 13.12 (333.2) 2.16 (54.9) 0.13 (3.3) 58 (0.40)
18 (450) 18.0 (457) 19.58 (497.3) 2.63 (66.8) 0.165 (4.2) 58 (0.40)
24 (600) 24.0 (610) 26.56 (674.6) 3.42 (86.7) 0.165 (4.2) 58 (0.40)
28 (700) 28.0 (711) 30.85 (783.6) 3.85 (97.8) 0.204 (5.2) 58 (0.40)
32 (800) 32.0 (813) 35.11 (891.8) 4.25 (108.0) 0.212 (5.4) 58 (0.40)
36 (900) 36.0 (914) 39.4 (1000.8) 4.88 (123.9) 0.272 (6.9) 58 (0.40)
40 (1000) 40.0 (1016) 47.20 (1198.9) 6.69 (170.0) 0.382 (9.7) 58 (0.40)
45 (1125) 44.0 (1118) 51.73 (1313.9) 7.48 (190.0) 0.402 (10.2) 58 (0.40)
48 (1200) 48.0 (1219) 56.42 (1432.1) 8.07 (205.0) 0.425 (10.8) 58 (0.40)
54 (1375) 54.0 (1372) 63.12 (1602.2) 8.85 (224.8) 0.449 (11.4) 58 (0.40)
61 (1525) 61.0 (1524) 70.41 (1787.4) 9.25 (235.0) 0.469 (11.9) 58 (0.40)
67 (1675) 67.0 (1676) 76.40 (1939.1) 9.25 (235.0) 0.492 (12.5) 58 (0.40)
73 (1825) 73.0 (1829) 82.98 (2106.7) 9.25 (235.0) 0.512 (13.0) 58 (0.40)
80 (2000) 80.0 (2032) 91.25 (2316.8) 9.25 (235.0) 0.512 (13.0) 58 (0.40)

TABLE 2 Nominal Pipe Sizes, Dimensions, and Pipe Stiffness for Triple - Wall Pipe
Nominal Pipe Size Inside Diameter Outside Diameter Pitch Minimum Pipe Stiffness Pipe Stiffness
Waterway Type-A Pipe Type-B Pipe
Wall
in. in. in. in. in. psi psi
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (MPa) (MPa)
12 (300) 11.89 (302) 13.46 (342) 1.18 (30) 0.039 (1.0) ... 50.75 (0.35)
14 (350) 13.66 (347) 15.55 (395) 1.38 (35) 0.047 (1.2) ... 50.75 (0.35)
15 (375) 14.76 (375) 16.73 (425) 1.50 (38) 0.055 (1.4) ... 43.50 (0.30)
16 (400) 15.75 (400) 17.72 (450) 1.50 (38) 0.055 (1.4) ... 40.60 (0.28)
18 (450) 18.07 (459) 20.31 (516) 1.57 (40) 0.055 (1.4) ... 40.60 (0.28)
20 (500) 19.69 (500) 22.24 (565) 1.77 (45) 0.059 (1.5) ... 40.60 (0.28)
21 (525) 20.67 (525) 23.23 (590) 1.77 (45) 0.059 (1.5) ... 40.60 (0.28)
24 (600) 24.02 (610) 26.85 (682) 2.17 (55) 0.067 (1.7) ... 39.15 (0.27)
27 (675) 26.57 (675) 30.51 (775) 2.60 (66) 0.083 (2.1) ... 39.15 (0.27)
28 (700) 27.72 (704) 31.50 (800) 2.60 (66) 0.083 (2.1) ... 39.15 (0.27)
30 (750) 29.53 (750) 33.31 (846) 2.60 (66) 0.083 (2.1) ... 39.15 (0.27)
32 (800) 31.50 (800) 35.83 (910) 2.91 (74) 0.083 (2.1) ... 39.15 (0.27)
36 (900) 35.43 (900) 40.39 (1026) 3.15 (80) 0.118 (3.0) ... 39.15 (0.27)
40 (1000) 39.37 (1000) 45.28 (1150) 3.39 (86) 0.122 (3.1) ... 39.15 (0.27)
42 (1050) 41.34 (1050) 47.24 (1200) 3.39 (86) 0.122 (3.1) ... 39.15 (0.27)
44 (1100) 43.31 (1100) 50.98 (1295) 7.48 (190) 0.157 (4.0) 58.00 (0.40) ...
48 (1200) 47.24 (1200) 54.92 (1395) 7.48 (190) 0.157 (4.0) 58.00 (0.40) ...
54 (1350) 53.15 (1350) 60.83 (1545) 7.48 (190) 0.177 (4.5) 58.00 (0.40) ...
60 (1500) 59.06 (1500) 67.44 (1713) 8.07 (205) 0.177 (4.5) 58.00 (0.40) ...
66 (1650) 64.96 (1650) 73.35 (1863) 8.07 (205) 0.177 (4.5) 58.00 (0.40) ...
71 (1800) 70.87 (1800) 79.25 (2013) 8.07 (205) 0.177 (4.5) 58.00 (0.40) ...
80 (2000) 78.74 (2000) 87.13 (2213) 8.07 (205) 0.177 (4.5) 58.00 (0.40) ...

6.2.3 Outside Diameter—The tolerance on the nominal 6.3.2 The inlet area of the perforations shall be a minimum
outside diameter shall be 62.0 %, when measured in accor- of 1 in.2/ft (21 cm2/m) of pipe.
dance with section 8.4. 6.4 Pipe Stiffness—The pipe shall have a minimum pipe
6.2.4 Wall Thickness—The tolerance of the minimum wall stiffness as shown in Table 1 and Table 2 at 5 % deflection,
thickness of the waterway of the pipe (see Tables 1 and 2) shall when tested in accordance with section 8.7.
be +35 % when measured in accordance with 8.5.
6.2.5 Length—The pipe shall be sold in any length agree- NOTE 1—The 5 % deflection criteria was selected for testing conve-
able to the user. Length shall not be less than 99 % of the nience and should not be considered as a limitation with respect to in-use
deflection.
specified length when measured in accordance with section 8.6.
6.3 Perforations: 6.5 Bonding of the Steel to the Polyethylene—The mechani-
6.3.1 Drainage Pipe—When perforations are necessary cal bond between the steel reinforcement and the polyethylene
they shall be cleanly cut and uniformly spaced along the length shall be greater than the tensile strength of the polyethylene
and circumference of the pipe in a size, shape, and pattern resin required for this standard. It shall not be possible to
suited to the needs of the user. Perforations shall be in the separate any two layers with a probe or with the point of a knife
valley portion of the pipe. The reinforcing steel material shall blade so that the layers separate cleanly, or the probe or knife
not be exposed by these perforations. moves freely between the layers. There shall be no separation

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 F2435 – 07
of the polyethylene from the steel reinforcing plate, when the point in the circumferential direction and 90° from this point,
pipe is deflected 40 %, in accordance with Test Method D2412. and average the six measurements.
6.6 Fitting Requirements: 8.4 Outside Diameter—Measure the outside diameter of
6.6.1 The fittings shall not reduce or impair the overall three, 1-ft (300-mm) long specimens, with any suitable device
integrity or function of the pipeline. accurate to 6 1⁄32 in. (0.8 mm), at two positions, namely, any
6.6.2 Fittings shall be supplied with joints compatible with point in the circumferential direction and 90° from this point,
the overall system. All joints for watertight gravity flow sewer and average the six measurements.
systems shall meet the requirements of 6.6.3.1. All other joints
8.5 Pipe wall—measure the wall thickness, in the waterway,
shall meet the requirements of a soil tight joint unless other-
in the gaps between the profile.
wise specified by the manufacturer.
6.6.3 Joint Tightness: 8.6 Length—Measure the pipe with any suitable device
6.6.3.1 Watertight Joints—Gasketed watertight joints, when accurate to 6 1⁄32 in. (0.8 mm) in 10 ft. (3 m). Make all
utilized, shall meet the requirements of Specification D3212 measurements on the pipe while it is resting on a relatively flat
using a pressure of a 10.8 psi (74 kPa) and a vacuum of 10.8 surface, in a straight line, with no external tensile or compres-
psi (74 kPa). sive forces exerted on the pipe.
6.6.3.2 Soil-tight Joints —Soil tight joints are specified as a 8.7 Pipe Stiffness—Select a minimum of three pipe speci-
function of opening size, channel length and backfill particle mens and test for pipe stiffness F/Dy, as described in Test
size. If the size of the opening exceeds 3 mm, the length of the Method D2412, except for the following conditions for single-
channel shall be at least four times the size of the opening. A wall pipe, double-wall pipe, and triple-wall pipe: (1) The test
backfill material containing a high percentage of fine-graded specimens shall comply with Table 3 for length, length of
soils requires investigation for the specific type of joint to be pitches, and amount of pitches. (2) Locate the first specimen in
used to guard against soil infiltration. Information regarding the loading machine with the imaginary line between two
joint soil tightness criteria can be found in AASHTO’s Stan- corrugations parallel to the loading plates. The specimen must
dard Specification for Highway Bridges, Division II, Section lie flat on the plate within 1⁄8 in. (3 mm). Use the first location
30, “Metal Culverts”. as a reference point for rotation of the other two specimens.
6.6.3.3 Silt-tight joints—Silt tight joints shall be used where Rotate the second specimen 45° and the third specimen 90°.
the backfill material has a high percentage of fines. Silt tight Test each specimen in one position only. (3) Testing speed of
joints shall meet laboratory tests in accordance with Test the specimens shall be 0.05 in./min/inch diameter for testing up
Method D3212 except that the joint shall be tested using 2.0 psi to 5 % deflection. For testing beyond 5 % deflection, test at a
(14 kPa). speed of 5 in./min. (4) The deflection indicator shall be
6.6.4 Where these connections are not practical or undesir- readable and accurate to +0.001 in. (+0.02 mm). (5) The
able because of space, layout, or other requirements, joining parallel plates must exceed the samples in length.
methods such as external snap couplers, split couplers, and so 8.8 Joint Tightness—Test for Joint tightness for watertight
forth that are equally effective are to be used. joints in accordance with Specification D3212.
NOTE 2—Only fittings and couplers supplied or recommended by the
pipe manufacturer shall be used. 9. Installation
7. Sampling and Retest 9.1 It is recommended that pipe used in sub drain applica-
7.1 Sampling—Samples of pipe and fittings sufficient to tions shall be installed in accordance with Practice F449, pipe
determine conformance with this specification shall be taken at used in storm sewer and other applications shall be installed in
random from stock by the testing agency. Samples shall be accordance with Practice D2321.
representative of the product type under consideration.
7.2 Retest and Rejection.—Retesting in the event of a test
failure shall be conducted on samples from the failed lot only TABLE 3 Pipe Dimensions for Pipe Stiffness Testing
under an agreement between purchaser and seller. There shall Pipe Size Length of specimen Length of pitch
in., (mm) Pitches in., (mm) in., (mm)
be no changes to the test procedures or the requirements.
8 (200) 9 19.5 (495) 2.5 (55)
8. Test Methods 10 (250) 9 19.5 (495) 2.5 (55)
12 (300) 9 19.5 (495) 2.5 (55)
8.1 Conditioning Test Specimens—Condition the specimen 18 (450) 7 18.5 (469) 3.0 (67)
prior to test at 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6 5 % relative 24 (600) 6 20.5 (522) 3.5 (87)
humidity for not less than 24 h prior to the test, in accordance 28 (700) 5 19.5 (490) 4 (98)
32 (800) 5 22.0 (540) 4.5 (108)
with Procedure A in Practice D618 for those tests where 36 (900) 4 19.5 (496) 5.0 (124)
conditioning is required, unless otherwise specified. 40 (1000) 3 20.0 (510) 7.0 (170)
8.2 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in a laboratory atmo- 44 (1100) 3 22.5 (570) 7.5 (190)
48 (1200) 3 24.0 (615) 8.0 (205)
sphere of 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6 5 % relative 54 (1350) 3 27.0 (675) 9.0 (225)
humidity, unless otherwise specified. 60 (1500) 3 29.0 (735) 10 (245)
8.3 Inside Diameter—Measure the inside diameter of three 66 (1650) 3 28.0 (705) 9.5 (235)
72 (1800) 3 28.0 (705) 9.5 (235)
1-ft (300-mm) long specimens, with any suitable device 80 (2000) 3 28.0 (705) 9.5 (235)
accurate to 6 1⁄32 in. (0.8 mm), at two positions, namely, any

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 F2435 – 07
10. Certification 12.1.2 Complete identification of the product tested, includ-
10.1 Upon request of the user, the manufacturer shall ing size, nomenclature, manufacturer, lot number, previous
provide certification that the product was manufactured and history, if any, and so forth;
tested in accordance with this specification. This certification 12.1.3 Description of manufacturer’s product marking;
shall be furnished at the time of shipment. 12.1.4 Conditioning method;
12.1.5 Details of sampling;
11. Marking 12.1.6 Individual test results, and the average test results;
12.1.7 Notation describing any retests due to previous test
11.1 Quality of Marking—The marking shall be applied to
failure; and
the pipe in such a manner that it remains legible (easily read)
12.1.8 Description of terms.
after installation and inspection. It shall be placed, at least, at
the end of each length of pipe or spaced at intervals of not more 13. Packaging
than 10 ft (3.0 m). 13.1 All pipe, unless otherwise specified, shall be packed or
11.2 Markings—Each standard and random length of pipe loaded onto a carrier, for standard commercial shipment.
in compliance with this specification shall be clearly marked by
the producer with the following information: this designation, 14. Quality Assurance
(Specification F2435), the nominal pipe size, in in., the legend 14.1 When the product is marked with the designation,
“Steel Reinforced PE Corrugated Sewer and Drain Pipe,” the Specification F2435, the manufacturer affirms that the product
manufacturer’s name, trade name, or trademark, the manufac- was manufactured, inspected, sampled, and tested in accor-
turer’s production code, identifying plant location, machine, dance with this specification and has been found to meet the
and date of manufacture. requirements of this specification.
12. Report 15. Keywords
12.1 The report shall include the following: 15.1 Corrugated; perforated; polyethylene; steel reinforced;
12.1.1 Date or dates of tests; pipe

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

GOVERNMENT/MILITARY PROCUREMENT

These requirements apply only to Federal/Military procurement, not domestic sales or transfers.

S1. Responsibility for Inspection—Unless otherwise speci- S2.1 Packaging—Unless otherwise specified in the contract,
fied in the contract or purchase order, the producer is respon- the materials shall be packaged in accordance with the suppli-
sible for the performance of all inspections and test require- er’s standard practice in a manner ensuring arrival at destina-
ments specified herein. The producer may use his own or any tion in satisfactory condition and which will be acceptable to
other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection the carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packaging shall
and test requirements specified herein, unless the purchaser comply with Uniform Freight Classification rules or National
disapproves. The purchaser shall have the right to perform any Motor Freight Classification rules.
of the inspections and tests set forth in this specification where
S2.2 Marking—Marking for shipment shall be in accordance
such inspections are deemed necessary to ensure that material
with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and MIL-STD-129 for
conforms to prescribed requirements.
military agencies.
NOTE S00001—In U.S. federal contracts, the contractor is responsible
for inspection. NOTE S00002—The inclusion of U.S. Government procurement re-
quirements should not be construed as an indication that the U.S.
S2. Packaging and Marking for U.S. Government Procure-
Government uses or endorses the products described in this specification.
ment:

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 F2435 – 07
APPENDIXES

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. COUPLINGS

X1.1 The couplings should not reduce or impair the overall X1.2 Couplings should not reduce the capacity of the pipe
integrity or function of the pipe. being joined.

X2. AUTHORITIES

X2.1 Since this product has a wide variety of uses, approval X2.1.1 Farm Drainage—U.S. Department of Agriculture,
for its use rests with various agencies. The installer should Soil Conservation Service, local office: reference, Engineering
contact the relevant authority to obtain local installation Standard 606.
guidelines. A partial list of authorities, according to product X2.1.2 Roadway Drainage—Federal, state, county, or local
usage is as follows: highway authority.

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