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    Bearings

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    janakiraman
    The document defines bearings as angles measured from north used for navigation. Bearings are always given as 3 figures representing degrees clockwise from north. To find a bearing, imagine standing at the reference point facing north and turning clockwise until facing the target point. The bearing is not reciprocal - the bearing of A from B is not the same as the bearing of B from A. Bearings can be used to solve navigation problems using techniques like scale drawings, right angle trigonometry, and solving for unknown sides of triangles using the sine and cosine rules.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Bearings

    Uploaded by

    janakiraman
    44 views7 pages
    The document defines bearings as angles measured from north used for navigation. Bearings are always given as 3 figures representing degrees clockwise from north. To find a bearing, imagine standing at the reference point facing north and turning clockwise until facing the target point. The bearing is not reciprocal - the bearing of A from B is not the same as the bearing of B from A. Bearings can be used to solve navigation problems using techniques like scale drawings, right angle trigonometry, and solving for unknown sides of triangles using the sine and cosine rules.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document defines bearings as angles measured from north used for navigation. Bearings are always given as 3 figures representing degrees clockwise from north. To find a bearing, imagine standing at the reference point facing north and turning clockwise until facing the target point. The bearing is not reciprocal - the bearing of A from B is not the same as the bearing of B from A. Bearings can be used to solve navigation problems using techniques like scale drawings, right angle trigonometry, and solving for unknown sides of triangles using the sine and cosine rules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views7 pages

    Bearings

    Uploaded by

    janakiraman
    The document defines bearings as angles measured from north used for navigation. Bearings are always given as 3 figures representing degrees clockwise from north. To find a bearing, imagine standing at the reference point facing north and turning clockwise until facing the target point. The bearing is not reciprocal - the bearing of A from B is not the same as the bearing of B from A. Bearings can be used to solve navigation problems using techniques like scale drawings, right angle trigonometry, and solving for unknown sides of triangles using the sine and cosine rules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    BEARINGS Higher Tier

    BEARINGS
     A bearing is an angle, measured from North, between two points.
     Bearings are widely used in Navigation (ships, aircraft, walkers etc.)
     Bearings are always given as 3 figures.

    To give the bearing from point A to point B


     Imagine standing at A facing North.
     Turn clockwise until you are facing B.
     The angle that you have turned is the
    bearing.

    bearings ©RSH 11 April 2010 Page 1 of 7


    BEARINGS Higher Tier

     The bearing of B from A is not the same as the bearing of A from B.


     The “from” word is important.
     To find the back bearing, use a simple diagram and basic angle facts.

    Example 1
    The bearing of B from A is 045°.
    Since the North lines are parallel, the two acute angles are the same.
    Using the fact that angles on a straight line add up to 180°,
    the bearing of A from B is 45° + 180° = 225°

    bearings ©RSH 11 April 2010 Page 2 of 7


    BEARINGS Higher Tier

    Example 2

    A ship at sea (S) sees two ports (A and B).

    The bearing of B from S = 040°


    The bearing of S from B = 220°
    The bearing of A from S = 330°
    The bearing of S from A = 150°

    bearings ©RSH 11 April 2010 Page 3 of 7


    BEARINGS Higher Tier

    BEARINGS AND SCALE DRAWINGS


     Scale drawings are very useful for finding angles and lengths.

    Example
    A ship leaves harbour on a bearing of 030°. She sails for 20 km and then turns due East. She
    sails for 30 km.
    What is the bearing of the shortest route back to harbour and what distance will she have to
    sail ?
    Solution

    Make a sketch of the


    journey.

    Now draw this


    accurately, use a good
    scale.

    Measure the shortest


    route: 43.6 km

    Measure the bearing for


    the return: 247°

    bearings ©RSH 11 April 2010 Page 4 of 7


    BEARINGS Higher Tier

    BEARINGS AND RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLES


     To solve problems involving bearings you might need to use
    o Pythagoras’ Theorem and
    o Sine, Cosine and Tangent (SOHCAHTOA)

    Example 1
    A helicopter leaves the airport and travels due East for 30 km then due North for
    40 km. The pilot then returns to the airport by the most direct route.
    What is the bearing and the distance of the most direct route ?
    Solution

    To find 
    30
    tan θ=
    40
     0.75
    θ=tan1  0.75
     37 (2 s.f.)

    Bearing = 180° + 37° = 217°

    To find d

    d2  302  402
     900  1600
     2500
    d  2500
     50 km

    The pilot will fly on a bearing of 217° for 50 km to return to the airport.

    bearings ©RSH 11 April 2010 Page 5 of 7


    BEARINGS Higher Tier

    BEARING AND NON RIGHT ANGLED TRIGONOMETRY


     At Higher Tier, you may have to use the Sine and Cosine Rule to solve practical problems.
     A diagram helps.

    Example 1
    At 1500 hrs, three ships A, B and C are in the positions shown in this diagram.
    Ship B is North East of ship C.
    Find the bearing of A from B.
    Solution

    To find B, use the cosine rule.

    c2  a2  b2
    cos B 
    2ca
    142  212  112

    2  14  21
    196  441  121

    588
    516

    588
     0.8776
    B  cos1  0.8776 
     29 (nearest degree)

    Bearing of A from B = 45° + 180° + 29° = 254°

    bearings ©RSH 11 April 2010 Page 6 of 7


    BEARINGS Higher Tier

    Example 2
    A boat steaming due North is 2 km away in a direction 070°. 5 minutes later the bearing of the
    boat is 040°. Find the speed of the boat.
    Solution

    To find d, use the Sine Rule.


    d 2

    sin30 sin 40
    2
    d  sin30
    sin 40
     1.56 km

    To find the speed,


    dis tan ce
    speed 
    time
    1.56

     5 
     60 
     
     18.72 km/h

    bearings ©RSH 11 April 2010 Page 7 of 7

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