Maria Carolina Hernandez - 000866533

WAST CY603 Hazardous and Solid Waste Management

Assignment #2

Submit full solutions to the following problems and include units with final answers. This is
an individual assignment and is due by end of day Saturday Nov 4th, 2023. Assignments
must be submitted electronically as a PDF or Excel file. Handwritten, scanned
assignments will not be accepted. If you are submitting as a PDF, you will need to show
your calculations.

Write the last seven digits of your student number in the table below and use this key to
determine the unknown variables in the questions below. Include the key and component
table with your submission.

R S T U V W X Y Z
0 0 0 8 6 6 5 3 3

Q 1. The results of an analysis on a solid waste are given below

Component Weight %
C 43
H 13
O 10
N 5
Ash 15
Water 70 - 43 - 13

(a) Determine the theoretical air requirements to combust this fuel assuming 0%
excess air is used. Express your answer in kg air/kg fuel. Assume nitrogen is
inert. [8 marks]
Maria Carolina Hernandez - 000866533

Moles
Mass Molar
(Kg- o2
(Kg mass Combusti
Constitue mol/ requiere
/100 (Kg/k on
nt in fuel 100 kg d (Kg-
kg g- reaction
fuel) mol/100
fuel) mol)
kg fuel)
C + CO2 →
C 43 12 3.58 3.58
CO2
H2+1/2 O2
H 13 1 13 3.25
→ H2O
This is a
O 10 16 0.63 -0.3125
credit
assume no
N 5 14 0.36 0
reaction
Ash 15 inert solids 0
Moles N2
water is
Water 14 18 0.78 0 (Kg-mol/10
vaporized
0 kg fuel)
theoretical
6.52 24.64
O2
50%
3.26 12.32
excess air
total O2 9.78 36.95

(b) Determine the composition of the dry gaseous combustion products (no water) on
a % by volume and a % by weight basis, with 50% excess air. [8 marks]

Constituent in Combustion
Moles CO2 H2O N2 O2
fuel reaction
C + CO2 →
C 3.58 3.58
CO2
H2+1/2 O2
H 13 6.5
→ H2O
This is a
O 0.63
credit
assume no
N 0.36 0.18
reaction
Ash inert solids
water is
Water 0.78 0.78
vaporized
TOTAL
3.58 7.28 0.18 0
MOLES
COMBUSTION
AIR 0% 24.64
EXCESS
total 3.58 7.28 24.82 3.26
Maria Carolina Hernandez - 000866533
composition of
flue gas, 0%
excess air
COMBUSTION
AIR 50% 0.00 12.32 0.00
EXCESS
total
composition of
3.58 7.28 37.13 3.26
flue gas, 50%
excess air

Combustion products volume% and mass% on dry basis, 50% excess air
Combustion Combustion
Molar
product 50% product 50%
Constituent in mass volume
excess air excess air weight%
exhaust (Kg/Kg- %
(Kg-mol/100 (Kg/100Kg
mol)
Kg fuel) fuel)
CO2 3.58 44 158 8.1 12.1
N2 37.13 28 1040 84.4 79.9
O2 3.26 32 104.32 7.4 8.0
TOTAL 43.97 1301 100.0 100.0

(c) Determine the quantity of CO2, on a mass basis, that would be released for every
tonne of fuel (1000 kg) that is combusted. [4 marks]

CO2 = 158 Kg/100Kg fuel / 1000 = 0.158

Q 2. From the key above, use X and Y from your student number for the unknown
variables. A 2.3 m-diameter Trommel screen is rotating at 15 rpm.

(a) What is the critical speed for this trommel? (4 marks)

g : 980cm/s2
r: 2.3m/2 = 1.15 m = 115 cm

nc =
√ 980 cm/s 2
2
4∗π ∗115 cm
=0.4646r/s *
60 s
1min
= 28 rpm
Maria Carolina Hernandez - 000866533
(b) At 15 rpm, would you expect it to be cascading, cataracting, or centrifuging for a
bulk volume fraction of 0.3? Explain your answer. Using Figure 6.8, show how
your answer was determined. The figure is available separately as a JPEG
file and a PPT file that can imported into Excel or Word. (2 marks)

At 15 rpm my expectation is that the action would be cascading, below is the

Bulk volume fraction: 0.3

(c) For a bulk volume fraction of 0.2, at what minimum speed should the trommel be
operated for it to be cataracting? Using Figure 6.8, show how your answer was
determined. (4 marks in total)

Bulk fraction = 0.2

= 0.2*28rpm = 5.6
Maria Carolina Hernandez - 000866533

Q 3. A solid waste (lignin) has the chemical formula C81H92O28. If the High Heating Value
(HHV) is 7,866,533 Btu/lb-mol of dry refuse, determine the Low Heating Value
(LHV).

Assume a ΔHv for water of 1050 Btu/lb. (10 marks)

C81 = 12g = 972

Fraction of H = 92/1512= 0.061

HHV= 7,866,533 Btu/lb-mol / 1512 Lb/lb-mol = 5202.7 Btu/lb lb*mol